8/12/2019 Harga Methanol
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DUNCAN SEDDON & ASSOCIATES PTY. LTD.
ONE PAGE COMMENTARY
(C) Duncan Seddon & Associates Pty. Ltd. January 2013;
www.duncanseddon.com
C7: THE PRICE OF METHANOL
Most methanol traded outside of China is produced from natural
gas in large facilities with outputs over
2000t/d. Some recent operations, often referred to as
Mega-Methanol1, have capacities in excess of
5000t/d. Here is a simple analysis of traded prices based on the
published spot prices as reported byEuropean Chemical NewsandICIS
Chemical Businessfrom 1989 to 2012.
The historical chart clearly illustrates the business cycle
nature of the market. The low points in the cycle
are about $100/t and this level has persited in the past for
several years, though not in recent times. At
times of shortage, the price can escalate rapidly to $500/t or
more. Since 2002, there has been a general
rise in the base price from about $200/t to the 2012 value of
about $350/t.
With a price of $100/t this equates to methanol at $4.4/GJ.
Methanol facilities (greenfield process plant
operations) generall operate at overall thermal efficiencies of
about 60% so for profitability at the times of
low price, the gas price has to be well below $2/GJ. This
eliminates most regions so that export plants in
the years prior to 2002 where established in countries with
large uncommitted gas reserves available at a
low price such as the Middle East, Trinidad and Chile. High gas
prices in other regions forced the closureof operations.
Since 2002, there has been a general rise in commodity prices
spurred by the growth in the Chinese
economy. However, for the most part, this has not helped
methanol because of the rise in demand for
LNG, especially in the Far East, has sequestered much of the
available gas and placed a very high net-
back value on gas reserves which make new methanol facilities
uneconomic.
In China there mare many methanol plants using coal as
feedstock. Many of these have relatively small
capcities (2000t/d). The large
production in methanol in China sees it use as a gasoline blend
component (rare outside China) and for
the production of DME which is used an an LPG substitute. There
are plans to greatly increase production
of methanol as an intermediate for the production of chemicals
(particularly olefins). This enormous
increse in the production of methanol could see substantial
volumes coming onto the market in the
coming years. This will lead to depressed methanol prices.
However, should the demand for downstream
products in China continue at its present level then continued
high prices will persist giving opportunity
for new gas based methanol plants.
1Note MegaMethanol is a registered trade mark of Lurgi GmbH
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WEEK FROM JAN 01 1988
0
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$/tonne
METHANOL PRICE TRENDS
