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Hardware Description Flamingo™ RF Design Kit
Application Note
Rev. 4886B–RKE–01/06
Hardware Description Flamingo™ RF Design Kit
1. IntroductionThe Flamingo™ RF Design Kit helps customers to conveniently evaluate the function-ality of Atmel’s UHF FSK/ASK remote control transmitters and receivers combined with AVR® Flash microcontrollers.
The RF Design Kit consists of the Flamingo interface board ATAB-STK®-F, an RF receiver (receiver design board), an RF transmitter (transmitter design board), and various other components as listed in “Kit Contents” on page 2. The Flamingo inter-face board has to be mounted on the AVR Starter Kit STK500 (has to be ordered separately), and forms the hardware connection between Atmel’s remote control boards, ATABxx, and AVR Flash microcontrollers.
To build up an RF communication link, the configuration of the RF receiver and trans-mitter is programmable via the PC with the RF Design Kit software.
The Flamingo gives designers a quick start to developing RF-based solutions, allow-ing them to focus on developing software code rather than worrying about RF-related issues such as RF board layout and RF fine tuning. Combined with features for rapid prototyping and testing, which come along with the STK500, the design cycle for new designs can be dramatically reduced.
This document helps to quickly cope with mounting and configuring the hardware to use the Flamingo with the remote control boards ATABxx.
2. Features• Modular Starter Kit and Development System for Various Transmitter and
Receiver Boards• Easy Plug-and-Play via Expansion Slot to AVR Starter Kit STK500• Demonstration Capabilities and Stand-alone Operation• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)• Joystick
3. Supported RF Chipsets
Transmitter: T5750, T5753, T5754, ATA5756, ATA5757, ATAM862-3, ATAM862-4, ATAM862-8
Receiver: T5743, ATA5743, T5760, T5761
4. Kit ContentsThe Flamingo RF Design Kit is built up in a modular manner, i.e. with one Flamingo interface board in conjunction with the AVR Starter Kit STK500, can operate almost the whole transmitter and receiver family.
Please bear in mind that the Flamingo interface board, the STK500, the desired transmitter board and receiver board have to be ordered separately. Hence, a complete kit set, as illustrated in Figure 4-1 on page 3, may look slightly different for the various versions.
The various kit versions and the corresponding board order numbers can be found in the selec-tion guide at http://www.atmel.com/products/Auto/.
4.1 Flamingo Interface Board ATAB-STK-F• Flamingo interface board ATAB-STK-F
• AVR microcontroller for STK500
• 8-MHz crystal for STK500
• Atmel CD-ROM with software and documentation
• Atmel CD-ROM Products
4.2 Transmitter Board• Transmitter design board including lithium battery
4.3 Receiver Board• Receiver design board including whip antenna
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
Figure 4-1. Kit Contents
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5. Configuration of STK500To work with the RF Design Kit, the included and fully programmed AVR microcontroller has to be plugged into the DIL socket SCKT3100A3, and the 8-MHz quartz crystal into the socket CRYSTAL. Additionally, the connections need to be made as listed in Table 5-1.
Figure 5-1. Connections on STK500
The programmable supply voltage on the STK500 must be set to 5.0V. For more information regarding setting the voltage, please refer to the STK500 User Guide.
Table 5-1. Required Connections
Label Connection
VTARGET Closed
AREF Closed
RESET Closed
XTAL1 Closed
OSCSEL 2 — 3
BSEL2 Closed
RS232 SPARE to PORTDRXD-PD0TXD-PD1
PORTD to J8 of Flamingo™ interface PD6 — pin 2 (J8)
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
6. Flamingo™ Interface
6.1 OverviewTo make the Flamingo™ compatible with a wide range of Atmel’s RF products, different connec-tors and interfaces have been mounted on the board. Through these interfaces each RF module is connected to the underlying microcontroller unit on the STK500.
Figure 6-1. Connectors and Interfaces
6.2 Application Board Interfaces (X1, X2, J37)When using devices of the ATAB5xxx/ATAB862xx series, there are usually two modules involved: a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver is plugged into sockets X1 and X2 mounted on the Flamingo. An enlarged picture is shown in the right half of Figure 6-2 on page 6.
The transmitter is configured by the STK500 microcontroller. Therefore, it must be plugged into the socket J37, mounted in the area enlarged in the left part of Figure 6-2 on page 6. For protec-tion against short circuits, socket J37 is fitted with a polarizing key between pin 3 and pin 4.
The RF Design Kit software is used to configure the transmitter and receiver.
The LEDs mounted next to J37 are used to indicate different states. Table 6-1 describes the function of each LED.
Note: Note: Jumper J8 (mounted next to port X2) has to be connected when the AVR microcontroller plugged into the STK500 is capable of recognizing interrupts on its pin PE0 (PE0 = ICP) (for example, the ATmega8515). It has to be disconnected when using, for example, the ATmega8535.
Table 6-1. Function of the LEDs
Label Color Function
D1 BlueConstant → AVR is ready to receive data from the connected receiver Flashing → data is being received
D2 Orange Testword incorrect (microcontroller limits ok)
D3 Yellow Timing of received testword out of selected microcontroller limit borders
D4 Green Testword ok and microcontroller limits ok
D5 Red Communication over RS-232 active
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Figure 6-2. Application Board Interface
6.3 Voltage Regulation BlockThere are two voltage regulators in the voltage regulation block for future use and for RF mod-ules with supply voltages other than 5V. For the RF Design Kit, both voltage regulators are not used. Hence, pin 1 and pin 2 of J15 and J16 have to be connected. To use the supply voltage provided by the STK500, a connection between pin 2 and pin 3 is necessary. J17 offers the pos-sibility to loop in a current meter to measure the RF module’s input current. During normal operation, J17 should be connected; otherwise, the RF module should be disconnected from the power supply. The complete configuration of the jumpers is depicted in Figure 6-3.
Figure 6-3. Voltage Regulation Block
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
6.4 User Interface BlockIn this area of the Flamingo, the user interface devices are mounted. To control the LCD and the joystick, an ATmega16 is used. The joystick provides a flexible way of dealing with user input and making use of menu functions, for convincing demonstration strategies. The menu depicted in the flowchart in Figure 6-5 on page 8 is accessible via the joystick.
The small potentiometer next to J36 is used to adjust the contrast level of the 20 x 4 LCD (4 lines with 20 characters).
The pushbutton and the LEDs are not used and are intended for future applications.
Figure 6-4. User Interface Devices
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Figure 6-5. Menu Structure
Configuration 1
Configuration 2
Configuration 3
Configuration 4
Continuous Telegram
Single Telegram
Continuous Pattern
Single Pattern
Continuous Preburst
Continuous Carrier
Active
Inactive
Full
Reduced
Polling
Permanent
Off Command
Receiving Mode
Sensitivity
EvaluationReceiver
Button 2
Same structure as Button 1
Same structure as Button 1
Button 3
Button 1Transmitter
Load Settings from...User SettingsAtmel Germany GmbH Automotive & Control
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
7. Operation of the RF Design Kit
7.1 Assembly of the Kit’s ComponentsTo configure the RF transmitter or receiver, the appropriate design board must be connected to the Flamingo™ interface board that is plugged into the AVR Starter Kit STK500. To prevent dam-age, the design boards must be plugged in as shown in Figure 7-1 on page 9. The STK500 has to be connected to a PC via a serial port (RS-232). The configuration will be set by the RF Design Kit software.
During configuration, the AVR microcontroller on the STK500 handles the data communication with the PC, the receiver design board, and the transmitter design board.
Once configured, the transmitter design board operates stand-alone and can be removed.
The installation of the RF Design Kit software is explained in the document Software Description.
Figure 7-1. Assembly of the Components
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7.2 Starting the RF Design Kit
7.2.1 Connecting the RF Design KitTo ensure proper operation, the following steps should be carried out before starting the RF Design Kit software:
1. Insert the lithium cell into the battery holder of the Transmitter Design Board.
2. Check that the RF Design Kit is assembled as shown in Figure 7-1.
3. Connect the 9-pin RS-232 cable from the STK500 RS232 SPARE to an unused serial port.
4. Connect the DC power cable to a 12V DC power supply unit on STK500.
5. Switch on the 12V DC power supply on the STK500.
6. Switch on the PC and start the operating system.
7. Start the RF Design Kit software with the command RF-Designkit.exe
7.2.2 Configuration of the Transmitter Design Board
1. Remove the PCB jack from the Transmitter Design Board.
2. Plug the Transmitter Design Board into socket J37 of the Transmitter/Mobile Board Interface.
3. Write the desired settings via the RF Design Kit software.
4. Remove the Transmitter Design Board from socket J37.
5. Plug in the PCB jack to supply the transmitter IC from battery.
6. The Transmitter Design Board can now be operated stand-alone.
7.2.3 Configuration of the Receiver Design BoardThe Receiver Design Board operates only in conjunction with the STK500, therefore, proceed as follows:
1. Switch off the power supply on the STK500.
2. Plug the Receiver Design Board into the contact strips (Figure 7-1 on page 9).
3. Connect the whip antenna to the Receiver Design Board
4. Switch on the power supply of the STK500.
5. Write the desired settings via the RF Design Kit software.
7.3 Principal FunctionAfter power on, the AVR microcontroller on the STK500 configures the RF receiver. This puts the receiver in polling mode, and verifies the presence of a valid transmitter signal. The parame-ters for the bit check (BR_Range, Nbitcheck, Tsleep, Lim_min, Lim_max) are programmable with the RF Design Kit software. If a valid transmitter signal is detected, the receiver remains active and transfers the data stream to the connected AVR microcontroller on the STK500.
The AVR microcontroller continuously measures the distance between two signal edges (1 sam-ple). If the distance t ≥ 1 / Baudrate, the following 64 samples will be stored in the RAM of the microcontroller (start of measurement / end of measurement, Figure 7-2 on page 11). Then the RF receiver will be set back to polling mode by the microcontroller pulling pin DATA to 0 for a time t1. The timing limits of 1 / Baudrate are programmable in the RF Design Kit software.
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
The 64 samples will be examined in the microcontroller to distinguish between a valid signal from a corresponding transmitter and signals due to noise. This is done by a time frame check where the samples are continuously compared to a programmable time window (µC_Limits).
If the samples are within the time window and the received data stream is equal to a program-mable testword (Testword), this will be indicated by LED D4 on the interface board. After evaluation of the received data stream, the RF receiver is set back to polling mode.
The timing information (64 samples) can also be evaluated using the functions Testword, Histo-gram and Timing_List in the RF Design Kit software menus.
Figure 7-2. Principal Function
Preburst
641
Valid Transmitter Signal
Receiver Design Board
Transmitter Design Board
LCD20 x 4 characters
Receiver
Joystick
Flamingo
STK500
64 Samples
Start of measurement End of measurement(BR: Baudrate, Manchester code)
t > = 1/BR
t1 of OFF-Command
DATA
Transmitter Signal
Testword
AVRMicrocontroller
Transmitter
Antenna
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8. Flamingo™ Board Schematics
Figure 8-1. Main Unit Schematic (Expand 0)
GNDGND
CT4
CT2
BSEL2
REF
PE2
PE0
GND
VTG
PC4
PC0
PA6
GND
PA0
PA2
PA4
PC2
PC6
GND
PE0
VTG
PC4
PC0
PA6
GND
PA0
PA2
PA4
PC2
PC6
AUXO0
CT6
2
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
26
30
32
40
38
36
34
28
24
4
6
1
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
25
29
31
39
37
35
33
27
23
3
5
GNDGND
CT5
CT3
CT1
RSTUI-RESET
GND
U_Low
5V
U_Low
PA4_S
IC8G3
MAX3002
5V
U_Low
PC7_S PC6_S
VTG
5V PC5
PC1
PA7
GND
PA1
PA3
PA5
PC3
PC7
PE1
GND
VTG
PC5
PC1
PA7
GND
PA1
PA3
PA5
PC3
PC7
AUXI0
CT7
IC8G4
MAX3002
MAX3002
J9
MA20-2Expand 0
IC8G5
U_Low
PA3_S
5V
MAX3002
IC8G2
U_Low
PA1_S
5V
MAX3002
IC8G1
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
Figure 8-2. Main Unit Schematic (Expand 1)
GNDGND
DATA4
DATA2
DATA0
SO
CS
XT2XT2
VTG
GND
PB4
PB0
PD6
GND
PD0
PD2
PD4
PB2
PB6
VTG
GND
PB4
PB0
PD6
GND
PD0
PD2
PD4
PB2
PB6
AUXO1
DATA6
2
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
26
30
32
40
38
36
34
28
24
4
6
1
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
25
29
31
39
37
35
33
27
23
3
5
GNDGND
DATA5
DATA3
DATA1
SI
SCK
XT1
VTGU_Low
5V U_Low
U_Low
PB7_S
PB6_S
PD0_S
PD2_S5V
U_Low
IC7G6
MAX3002
PB0_S5V
U_Low
IC6G6
MAX3002
PB4_S
PB5_S
PB1_S
PD7_S
PD1_S
PD3_S
PD5_S
U_Low
GND5V
5V
5V
5V
5V
5V
5VPB5
MAX3002
IC6G3 PB1
PD7
GND
PD1
PD3
PD5
PB3
PB7
XT1
VTG
GND
PB5
PB1
PD7
GND
PD1
PD3
PD5
PB3
PB7
AUXI1
DATA7
R46
R47NC
0Ω
MAX3002
IC7G2
MAX3002
IC7G7
MAX3002
IC7G4MAX3002
IC7G5
IC6G2
MAX3002
MAX3002
J10
MA20-2Expand 1
IC6G1
MAX3002
IC7G1
5V
U_Low
PD6_S
IC7G3
MAX3002
5V
U_Low
IC7G8
MAX3002
5V
U_Low
PB2_S
IC6G5
MAX3002
5V
U_Low
IC6G4
MAX3002
U_Low
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Figure 8-3. Power Supply Schematic
Figure 8-4. Level Shifter Schematic
1 µF
C4
V_RF
VTG
+
47 µF
C8
1 nF
C38
+
R17
750Ω
R15
470Ω
R13
1 nF
C3
10 µF
C28
47 µF
C7
2
10 8 4 26
9 7 3 15
21
21
2
1
3
4
3
+
D15
J16
J17
J32
J14
VOUT
IC2 LT1086-ADJ
LL4148
VIN
ADJ
Current measurementfor RF-module
Voltage setup (VRF)via jumper
VRF from Batteryboard
220Ω
R14
330Ω
R16
620Ω
0Ω240Ω
3
R56
5V
6 73210 nF
C9
1
1
21
8
10 nF
C10
D8
D14
J15
J19
VOUT
IC4LL4148
VIN
GND
R25
R18
+
78L05SMD1.5 kΩ
3
VTG (rechangable battery or STK)
VS (power supply)
10 nF
11
C36
19
V_RF+ 5V
2
10 nF
C35
V_LVCC
IC8G1010 nF
11
C30
10
10
10
LS_PV
19
V_RF+ 5V
2
10 nF
C29
V_L
V_RF
VCCENB
ENB
ENBIC6G10
IC8G9
IC7G9
IC6G9
Power-up level shifter
10 nF
11
C32
19
V_RF+ 5V
2
10 nF
C31
V_LVCC
IC7G10
R590Ω
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Hardware Description Flamingo
Hardware Description Flamingo
Figure 8-5. User Interface Schematic
(AD
C6)
PA6
(AD
C5)
PA5
(AD
C4)
PA4
XTA
L2
(AD
C7)
PA7
RE
SE
T
(AD
C2)
PA2
XTA
L1
AR
EF
AV
CC
AG
ND
VC
C
GN
D
(AD
C1)
PA1
(AD
C0)
PA0
(TO
SC
2)P
C7
(TO
SC
1)P
C6
(TD
I)P
C5
(TD
O)P
C4
(TC
K2)
PC
2
(OC
1A)P
D5
(OC
1B)P
D4
(IN
T1)
PD
3(I
NT
0)P
D2
(TX
D1)
PD
1
(RX
D)P
D0
(OC
2)P
D7
(IC
P)P
D6
(SD
A)P
C1
(SC
L)P
C0
(TM
S)P
C3
(SC
K)P
B7
(AD
C3)
PA3
(MIS
O)P
B6
(MO
SI)
PB
5
(SS
)PB
4
(AIN
O/IN
T2)
PB
2(T
1)P
B1
(T0/
XC
K)P
B0
(AIN
1/O
C0)
PB
3
430 31 32
1 W
IRE
-BU
SV
-RF
UI-
SC
K
UI-
MO
SI
DIS
P-R
S
UI-
PC
2U
I-P
C3
UI-
PC
4U
I-P
C5
DIS
P-R
DD
ISP
-EN
B
UI-
MIS
O
33 34 35 36 37 3 2 1 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 16 15 14 13
+ 5
V2
1
UI-
SC
K
UI-
MIS
O
UI-
RE
SE
T
43
65
J35
J36
ISP
UI-
MO
SI
9U
I-P
C5
UI-
PC
3
10
78
UI-
RE
SE
T
GN
D
+ 5
V
56
34
12
rese
rved
TP
1
TP
3
TP
2
rese
rved
12 11 10 944 43 42 41 40
7 8 29 27 28 18 6 3917 5 38
C131 nF
C121 nF
C111 nF
C141 nF
C151 nF
+5V
+5V
+5V
R21R20
+5 V+5 V
C1
18 pF
C2
18 pF
Q1
16 MHz
C161 µF
R26R26
10 kΩ
+5 V
UI-Reset
rese
rved
Q4C33 C34
TP12 TP9
R53
R19
R54
1 kΩ
1 kΩ
1 kΩ
D2
D3
D0
D1
R51
10 kΩ
+5 V
R50
10 kΩ
R2410 kΩ
R67
20Ω
+5 V
+5V
BuzzerSP1
JTAG
D11 TP11
BAW56
D13
BAW56
TP5
TP6
S1
Rig
ht
Dow
n
Up
Left
Ent
er
BAW56
TP8
TP10
SMDJoystick
D12
J22
+5V
1
23
+5V
Sen
sor2
1
23
J23
Sen
sor1
S2
R12
1 kΩ
R11
1 kΩ
R48
10 kΩ
+5 V
R64
NC
+5 V
R49
10 kΩ
+5 V
Q3+5 V
D6 D7
TP7
red green
NCNC
UI-
PC
2
UI-
PC
4
TD
I
TM
S
TC
K
TD
O
DISP-D0
DISP-D1
+ 5V
DISP-D3
DISP-D21 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3 4 5 6 7 8DISP-CONTR
DISP-RD
DISP-ENB
DISP-CONTR
E
S
A
+ 5V
DISP-RS
9
1
10
LCD-MODULE - 4X2018
+ 5V
SM
D P
ushb
utto
n
DS
18S
20
+
NC
ME
GA
16-L
us
e in
tern
al p
ull-u
p re
sist
ors
for
joys
tick
pins
154886B–RKE–01/06
Figure 8-6. Connectors for RF Transmitter, Receiver and Transceiver Chipsets
PE0_RXTX
ICP PE0
X1
Receiver
J34
X2
12 11 10 5 4 3 129 8 7 6
PC
3
PC
2
PD
7_S
PD
2_S
PD
1_S
PD
0_S
PD
6_S
PD
6_S
PD
4
PD
3_S
12 11 10 5 4 3 129 8 7 6
PA6
J33
V_R
F
PA7
PB
7_S
PB
6_S
PB
2_S
PB
4_S
PB
5_S
PB
0_S
PB
1_S
1 2
J8
BU08-2
Transmitter
J37
A8
free = VBATT_TX
PE0_RXTXPA3
PA0
PA1
PA2 PD2
PD3
A1
B8
B1
1 kΩ
30 kΩR10
R7
1 kΩ
R1
D1
PC3
1 kΩ
470Ω
R8
R6
R2
D2
PC4
470ΩR3
D3
PC5
1 kΩR4
D4
PA4
1 kΩR5
D5
PA5
1 kΩ
164886B–RKE–01/06
Hardware Description Flamingo
Printed on recycled paper.
4886B–RKE–01/06
© Atmel Corporation 2006. All rights reserved. Atmel®, logo and combinations thereof, Everywhere You Are®, AVR®, STK® and others, are registered trademarks, Flamingo™ and others are trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others.
Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN ATMEL’S TERMS AND CONDI-TIONS OF SALE LOCATED ON ATMEL’S WEB SITE, ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR INCIDEN-TAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Atmel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. Unless specifically provided otherwise, Atmel products are not suitable for, and shall not be used in, automotive applications. Atmel’s products are not intended, authorized, or warranted for use as components in applications intended to support or sustain life.
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