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Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought Thomas McCarthy, general editor Alfred Schmidt, History and Structure: An Essay on Hegelian Marxist and Structuralist Theories if History, 1981 Hans-Georg Gadamer, Reason in the Age if Science, 1982 Joachim Ritter, Hegel and the French Revolution: Essays on the philoso- phy of Right, 1982 Theodor W. Adorno, Prisms, 1982 Hans Blumenberg, The Legitimacy if the Modem Age, 1983 The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England

Hans Blumenberg: The Legitimacy of Modern Age

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Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought Thomas McCarthy, general editor Alfred Schmidt, History and Structure: An Essay on Hegelian Marxistand Structuralist Theories

if History,

1981

Hans-Georg Gadamer, Reason in the Age if Science, 1982 Joachim Ritter, Hegel and the French Revolution: Essays on the philosophy of Right, 1982 Theodor W. Adorno, Prisms, 1982 Hans Blumenberg, The Legitimacy if the Modem Age, 1983

The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England

The Legitimacy of the Modern Age

Hans Blumenberg Translated by Robert M. Wallace

Publication of this volwne was made possible in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.This translation 1983 by the Massachusetts lnstirute of Technology. This work originally appeared in German as Die Legitimitiit tier Neuuit (erweiterte und iiberaTbeitete neuausgabel, 1966, 1913, 1914, 1916 by Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany. First MIT Press paperbaok edition. 1985 Seventh printing. 1999

All right:.~ reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any fonn or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any infonnation storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.This book was set in Baskerville by The MIT Press Computergraphics Department and printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Blumenberg. Hans. The legitimacy of the modern age. (Sruclies in contemporary German social thoughtl Translation of. Die Legitimitlit der Nemeit:. 2nd rev. ed. 1976. inclu(ies bibliographical references and index. 1. Civilizli.tion-History. 2. Civilization, Modern-History. 3. Philosophy, ModernHistory. 4. Europe-intellectual life. L TJtle. n. Series.CBSS.B5613 1983 901 ISBN 0-262-02184-6 (hardcover) ISBN '0-262-52105-9 (paperback) 82-10035

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Contents

Series Foreword Translator's IntroductionPart I Secularization: Critique of a Category of Historical Wrong

ixXl

1 Status of the Concept 2 A Dimension of Hidden Meaning? 3 Progress Exposed as Fate 4 Instead of Secularization of Eschatology, Secularization by Eschatology 5 Making History So As to Exonerate God? 6 The Secularization Thesis as an Anachronism in the Modern Age 7 The Supposed Migration of the Attribute of Infinity 8 Political Theology I and II 9 The Rhetoric of Secularizations

3 13 27 37 53 63 77 89 103

vi Contents

Part IITheological Absolutism and Hmnan Self-Assertion

Introduction 1 The Failure of the First Attempt at Warding Off Gnosticism Ensures Its Return 2 World Loss and Demiurgic Se1f-Detennination3 A Systematic Comparison of the Epochal Crisis of Antiquity to That of the Middle Ages 4 The Impossibility of Escaping a Deceiving God 5 Cosmogony as a Paradigm of Se1f-Constitution

125 127137

145 181 205

Part m The 'Trial' of Theoretical Curiosity Introduction1 The Retraction of the Socratic Turning229

243 263 269 279309

2 The Indifference of EpicUrus's Gods3 Skepticism Contains a Residue of Trust in the Cosmos

4 Preparations for a Conversion and Models for the Verdict of the