Hannah Arendt power point

7/23/2019 Hannah Arendt power point

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Hannah Arendt

On Revolution

Faber Sarah

Margani Dennyz

Tosti Mattia


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Hannah Arendt

Born in 190

19!!" #or$ed to leave %er&any

be$ause o# Anti'Se&itis&

(art o# lively intelle$tual $ir$le in)e* +or,

Most i&-ortant *or,s . The

Origins of TotalitarianismandThe Human Condition


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On Revolution

(ublished in 19!

Main #o$us is on the

analysis o# revolutions" in-arti$ular the Fren$h andthe A&eri$an

Arendt/s &ain goal *as to

deter&ine the spirit ofrevolution


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ars and revolutions

Wars

'Oldest -oliti$al -heno&ena originally never$onne$ted *ith the $on$e-t o# liberty

Revolutions

'Re$ent -oliti$al -heno&ena born a#ter&odern age

'2onne$ted *ith the $on$e-t o# liberty


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ars and revolutions

The author identi3es 4 trends o# *ar use#ul tounderstand and inter-ret revolutions .

1 2hange in -oliti$al &eaning o# &ilitary

5 2on$e-t o# survival

! 2hange in nature o# *ar

4 6ntera$tion bet*een *ar and revolution


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6ntera$tion bet*een *arand revolution

6ntensi3$ation in the intera$tionbet*een the t*o

More e&-hasis on revolutionsthan on *ar

Histori$ally interde-endent

Both are -oliti$al -heno&enadi7erent #ro& the rest i&-ossibleoutside the do&ain o# violen$e


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The (oliti$al theory on the &atter is relevant only i#

18 Glorifes violence

'Anti'-oliti$s

58 Justifes violence

' state o# nature

' $on$e-t that ea$h beginning it/s al*ays $onne$ted *ithviolen$e and $ri&e $ain abel

Ro&ulus and Re&us

Revolutions


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Meaning o# revolution

Origins o the term

18 Ma$hiavelli. s-iritual #ather o# revolutions:

be$ause. '(oliti$al -eriod . 6talian renaissan$e

' 6nterest in -oliti$al $hange

' ;&-hasis on use o# violen$e

)ever used the ter& revolution.

&utatio reru&


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58 2o-erni$o. De rivolutionibus orbiu& $aelestiu&

'&eaning. designates a regular la*#ully &otion o# the stars

beyond the in


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!8 %lorious Revolution

'hen the ter& *as used in it/s -oliti$al sense" but still *ithits astrologi$al &eaning


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48 A&eri$an and the Fren$h revolution

' 6nitially &anaged as a restoration o# an oldorder o# things that had been disturbed andviolated either by a $olonial govern&ent or by a

&onar$h

- here are the ele&ents o# a ne* beginning$hara$teristi$ o# the &odern &eaning o#revolution =

American revolution. &ove&ent *as not

revolutionary but it lead to a revolution

French revolution: at the beginning $on$eivedas a a restoration and a#ter the initial -hase *e$an 3nd ele&ent o#: -athos o# so&ething ne*:


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The So$ial >uestion

Historical shit

1) Beore Moern Age

'distin$tion bet*een rulers?ruled " -o*er#ul?-o*erless *asinevitable in the stru$ture o# a state

!) Ater Moern Age

'started @uestioning i# -overty is inherent in hu&an naturea#ter $olonial e-erien$e A&eri$a. sy&bol o# so$iety

*ithout -overty

greatest inuence of the American Revolution on the FrenchRevolution was not the bill of rights but welfare:


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So$ial -roble& and theFren$h Revolution

(overty. state o# -er&anent ne$essity

#reedo& and -overty are in$o&-atible: ' arl Mar

France

18 State *as over$harged o# e$ono&i$ -roble&s

Biggest &ista,e to inter-ret ne$essity in -oliti$al ter&s

58 Revolution ins-ired" su--orted and then su7o$ated byne$essity


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!8 Heavy histori$al tradition

48 Role o# $o&-assion

The only #or$e that $an uni#y di7errent so$ial $lasses:'Montes@uieu

;&-hasis on -eo-le rather than on institutions

o-ened the doors o# -oliti$s to the -oor

C8 Hunting the hy-o$rite

reign o# terror double #ear


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So$ial -roble& and theA&eri$an Revolution

18 Revolution ins-ired not by so$ial needs but by-oliti$al needs

58 Hidden so$ial -roble&

400000 bla$,s vs 1C0000 *hite

)o $onde&n on the state that reserves #or a se$tiono# so$iety ignoran$e and -overty

)e$essity didn/t su7o$ate the revolution


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!8 ;&-hasis on -oliti$al institutions

)e* govern&ent Division o# -o*er

Eiberty through long lasting institutions

48 Hunting o# hy-o$rites too, -la$e a#ter the revolution*ith in, rather than *ith blood


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(rere@uisites #or

revolution Revolutions are i&-ossible in states *here the authority

of the body politic is truly intactG

)eed o# a sucient number of men who are prepared forits collapseG


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)otion o# Freedo&

6n the Fren$h Revolution

(resen$e o# Mass'(overty and So$ial >uestion during the

revolution

Tennis 2ourt Oath *as a 3rst atte&-t to bring an end to the;tats gnrals

Fren$h $itizens didn/t have any e-erien$e in the

3eld o# Freedo&

)o o--ortunity to dis$uss a $onstitution


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)otion o# Freedo&

6n the A&eri$an Revolution

The $reation o# the 2onstitution $reated Freedo&

)u&erous #a$ts $aused the su$$ess o# the A&eri$an revolutionsu$h as.

' Eu$, Ino Mass'-overty and So$ial >uestion that *as do&inant8

' ;-erien$e Iorganization o# the $olonies8

(resen$e o# To*n Hall MeetingsG" *here A&eri$ansheld debates" and -oliti$al dis$ussions


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The 2onstitution

2onstitution and #oundation o# a state are

t*o $orrelative $onJun$tions

2onstitutional asse&blies be$a&e the

hall&ar, o# revolutions


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The 2onstitution in theKnited States

ar o# 6nde-enden$e *ith the British 2ro*n

Founding o# a ne* govern&ent and a2onstitution

The A&eri$an revolutionaries based the&selveson Montes@uieuLs do$trine o# se-aration o#-o*ers

ohn Ada&s. The great art o# la*'giving

$onsists in IN8 and in $onstituting the legislativea -er#e$t balan$e against the ee$utive -o*erG

6ntrodu$tion o# the $he$, and balan$e syste&


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The 2onstitution in theKnited States

"i#erences $ith the French Revolution

An i&-ortant -art o# the de$laration o# the Rights o#

&an and the $itizen $a&e to -lay in the $ourse o# theFren$h Revolution

These rights *ere assu&ed not to indi$ate theli&itations o# all la*#ul govern&ent but on the $ontrary

to be its ounation

2ontrast to the Knited States" *here the but thesour$e o# all la*s should be the 2onstitution" and notthe -eo-le the&selves


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)ovus Ordo Se$loru&

%ro&lem: legitimi'ation o (o$er

An$ien Rgi&e divine -o*er grants

legiti&a$y to &onar$h

Stable govern&ent &ust

originate #ro& a su-eriorauthority


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Solutions

FR*+H R,O-./0O*

Robes-ierre #ound a su-erior authority in religion Ior

ho* he so&eti&es de3ned it a $ontinuous a--ealto Justi$e:8

His des-erate solution *as the $reation o# the $ult o#the Su-re&e Being

(e$uliar given se$ularization *as trying to do theo--osite


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Solutions

AMR0+A* R,O-./0O*

Ro&an -oliti$al institution. senate potestas inpopulo! auctoritas in senatu

A&eri$an govern&ent se-aration o# authority #ro&legislative -o*er


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Revolutionary-rin$i-les

Other issue #or granting stability *as that o#&aintaining alive the -rin$i-les that &oved

the t*o revolutions. -ubli$ #reedo&

-ubli$ ha--iness Iindividual ha--iness o#

the &asses8 -ubli$ a$$ountability Ia$tive -arti$i-ation in

-ubli$ li#e8


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Freedo&

R,O-./0O* FR"OM

6nvasion o# -ubli$ s-here by-rivate s-here.

Freedo& is no* intended as

#reedo& o# s-ee$h" o#o-inion and #reedo& to-arti$i-ate a$tively in -ubli$ad&inistration


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Revolutionarytraditions

FRA*+

2ivil $oun$ils and societ"s populaires.

Revolutionary institutions in *hi$h #reedo& $ould bee-ressed

2ivil $oun$ils held a sli$e o# legislative -o*ers" ea$hinde-endent one #ro& another


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Reign o# terror

6n order to sto- the strea, o# violen$ebrought by revolution Robes-ierre

atte&-ted su$$ess#ully to $entralizegovern&ental -o*ers 6n this -ro$ess $ivil$oun$ils *ere $rushed

#or the si&-le #a$t thattheir eisten$e *as

in o--osition *ith a$entra' lizedsour$e o# -o*er


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Revolutionarytraditions

AMR0+A

Fren$h e-erien$e

A2T6O). violen$e and rebellion #reedo& violen$e

e7erson identi3ed in #reedo& di7erent-rin$i-les

A2T6O). ad&inistration #reedo&


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e7erson/s heritage

0eal re(u&lican government

2on$eived by e7erson *ith the division o# the

$ountry in $onstituen$ies" s&aller individualre-ubli$s in *hi$h every &an $ould be$o&ean a$tive &e&ber o# the govern&ent

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Hannah Arendt power point