Handling Web Services Handling Web Services with Apache AXISwith Apache AXIS

Web-Service ReviewWeb-Service Review

By Examples ...

POST /wsprimegenerator.exe/soap/IPrimeGenerator HTTP/1.0Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8Host: www.jusufdarmawan.comSOAPAction: "urn:UnitIPrimeGenerator-IPrimeGenerator#primegenerator"Content-Length: 527

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

<soapenv:Body> <ns1:primegenerator soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:ns1="urn:UnitIPrimeGenerator-IPrimeGenerator">

<valstart xsi:type="xsd:string">12</valstart> <valend xsi:type="xsd:string">120</valend> </ns1:primegenerator> </soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

A request to A request to www.jusufdarmawan.comwww.jusufdarmawan.com

HTTP/1.0 200 OKDate: Mon, 09 May 2005 20:58:35 GMTContent-Length: 619Content-Type: text/xmlServer: Microsoft-IIS/5.0X-Powered-By: ASP.NET

<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP- ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <NS1:primegeneratorResponse xmlns:NS1="urn:UnitIPrimeGenerator-IPrimeGenerator" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<return xsi:type="xsd:string">13,17,19,23,29,31, 37, 41,43, 47,

53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101,103,107,109,113</return> </NS1:primegeneratorResponse> </SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

The ResponseThe Response

POST /soap HTTP/1.0SOAPAction: ""Content-Length: 520

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

<soapenv:Body> <ns1:getRate soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:ns1="urn:xmethods-CurrencyExchange">

<country1 xsi:type="xsd:string">Euro</country1> <country2 xsi:type="xsd:string">Israel</country2> </ns1:getRate> </soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

A request to A request to servicesservices..xmethodsxmethods..netnet

HTTP/1.0 200 OKDate: Sat, 07 May 2005 23:26:21 GMTContent-Length: 492Content-Type: text/xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>

<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:soapenc='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/' soap:encodingStyle='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/'>

<soap:Body> <n:getRateResponse xmlns:n='urn:xmethods-CurrencyExchange'>

<Result xsi:type='xsd:float'>5.5825</Result> </n:getRateResponse> </soap:Body></soap:Envelope>

The ResponseThe Response

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<definitions name="CurrencyExchangeService" targetNamespace="http://www.xmethods.net/sd/CurrencyExchangeService.wsdl" xmlns:tns="http://www.xmethods.net/sd/CurrencyExchangeService.wsdl" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">

<message name="getRateRequest"> <part name="country1" type="xsd:string"/> <part name="country2" type="xsd:string"/> </message>

<message name="getRateResponse"> <part name="Result" type="xsd:float"/> </message>

<portType name="CurrencyExchangePortType"> <operation name="getRate"> <input message="tns:getRateRequest" name="getRate"/> <output message="tns:getRateResponse" name="getRateResponse"/> </operation></portType>

A WSDL ExampleA WSDL Example

<binding name="CurrencyExchangeBinding" type="tns:CurrencyExchangePortType">

<soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>

<operation name="getRate"> <soap:operation soapAction=""/>

<input name="getRate"> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="urn:xmethods-CurrencyExchange" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> </input>

<output name="getRateResponse"> <soap:body use="encoded" namespace="urn:xmethods-CurrencyExchange" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> </output> </operation></binding>

<service name="CurrencyExchangeService"> <documentation>Returns the exchange rate between the two currencies</documentation> <port name="CurrencyExchangePort" binding="tns:CurrencyExchangeBinding"> <soap:address location="http://services.xmethods.net:80/soap"/> </port></service></definitions>

WSDL ElementsWSDL Elements

ServiceService PortPort*

Port TypePort TypeOperationOperation *

BindingBindingInputInput OutputOutput

AApache Epache EXXtensible tensible IInteraction nteraction SSystemystem

(Axis)(Axis)

What is AXISWhat is AXIS

• Axis is essentially a SOAP engine – a framework for constructing SOAP processors

- client side

- server side

• Axis implements the interfaces of JAX-RPC (XML-based remote procedure calls in Java)

• AXIS = Apache EXtensible Interaction System

Apache AXIS: Included ToolsApache AXIS: Included Tools

• A simple stand-alone server

• A Web application that resides in Servlet engines, such as Tomcat

• Standalone tools for Web-service invocation

- Java/C components

• Extensive support for the Web Service Description Language (WSDL)- E.g., tools for generating Java classes (stubs) from WSDL and

vice versa

• … and more

Remote Method Invocation is not NewRemote Method Invocation is not New

• java.rmi has been in Java since Java’s early versions

• In Java RMI, objects can invoke methods of objects that reside on a remote computer - (RMI = Remote Method Invocation)

• So, what has been changed?- Using HTTP for communication

- Using agreed protocols, Java can invoke methods that were not written in Java (e.g., .NET methods) and vice versa

- A complex registry procedure has been required in RMI

What We Would Like to CreateWhat We Would Like to Create

• Client applications: applications that can call a remote Web service

• Services: methods that can be called by remote applications

• Service descriptions: WSDL files that describe our methods

Client ApplicationsClient Applications

Calling Web ServicesCalling Web Services

• By now, we already know how to invoke a remote Web service in Java:- Open a socket to the remote server

- Through the socket, send a SOAP request wrapped by a HTTP request

- Parse the response (e.g., using SAX/DOM)

• However, this approach is cumbersome, and most of it can be automated - This is the whole point of using standards…

Invoking Services with ApacheInvoking Services with Apache

• Axis includes comfortable tools for managing calls to Web services

• The programmer configures the request for the Web service using a friendly API- with, or without considering the WSDL

• According to the configuration, a method invocation is transformed into a SOAP request that is sent to the remote server

Invoking Services with AxisInvoking Services with Axis

• To invoke an operation of a Web service, do the following:- Construct a Service instance

- Using the Service instance, generate a Call instance

- Configure the Call instance

- Invoke the call

import org.apache.axis.client.*;import javax.xml.namespace.QName;import javax.xml.rpc.ParameterMode;import javax.xml.rpc.encoding.XMLType;

public class CurrencyExchange {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { System.setProperty("http.proxyHost","wwwproxy.huji.ac.il"); System.setProperty("http.proxyPort","8080");

String endpointUrl = "http://services.xmethods.net:80/soap"; String nsuri = "urn:xmethods-CurrencyExchange";

Service service = new Service(); Call call = (Call) service.createCall();

Example: Currency ExchangeExample: Currency Exchange

call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpointUrl); call.setOperationName(new QName(nsuri,"getRate")); call.addParameter("country1", XMLType.SOAP_STRING, ParameterMode.IN); call.addParameter("country2", XMLType.SOAP_STRING, ParameterMode.IN);

call.setReturnType(XMLType.SOAP_FLOAT); Object ret = call.invoke(new Object[] {"Euro","Israel"});

System.out.println(ret); }}

Example: Currency Exchange Example: Currency Exchange (cont)(cont)

Using the WSDLUsing the WSDL

• Axis can read a given WSDL and configure the service as much as possible from that WSDL

• Instead of using the default constructor, construct the service using the following constructor:

Service(String wsdlLocation, QName serviceName)

• When there is only one port, we can obtain it automatically

• In this approach, you usually need to know the following about the service: - the WSDL URL, the service name, the namespace uri, the

operation name and the expected arguments

public class CurrencyExchange2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { System.setProperty("http.proxyHost",“wwwproxy.huji.ac.il"); System.setProperty("http.proxyPort","8080");

String wsdl = "http://www.xmethods.net/sd/2001/CurrencyExchangeService.wsdl"; QName sName = new QName("http://www.xmethods.net/sd/CurrencyExchangeService.wsdl",

"CurrencyExchangeService"); String oName = "getRate";

Service service = new Service(wsdl, sName); QName port = (QName)service.getPorts().next(); Call call = (Call)service.createCall(port, oName);

System.out.println(call.invoke(new Object[] {"UK","Israel"}));}}

public class PrimeNumbers { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { System.setProperty("http.proxyHost",“wwwproxy.huji.ac.il"); System.setProperty("http.proxyPort","8080");

String wsdl = "http://www50.brinkster.com/vbfacileinpt/np.asmx?wsdl"; QName sName = new QName("http://www50.brinkster.com/vbfacileinpt/np","pnum"); String oName = "GetPrimeNumbers";

Service service = new Service(wsdl, sName); QName port = (QName)service.getPorts().next(); Call call = (Call)service.createCall(port, oName);

System.out.println(call.invoke(new Object[] {100})); }}

The WSDL2Java ApplicationThe WSDL2Java Application

• Axis provides a mechanism for communicating with a Web service using stubs

• That is, generation of regular Java classes that have an interface similar to that of the Web service and implementation that wraps Web service management

• Invoke class WSDL2Java in order to create the required Java classes

Generated ClassesGenerated Classes

• WSDL2Java generates the following:

- A service interface and a service implementation (locator) for each service

- A stub class for each binding

- An interface for each port type• This interface contains methods that correspond to

the operations of the port type

- A class for each complex type

An ExampleAn Example

Using The Generated ClassesUsing The Generated Classes

import com.brinkster.www50.vbfacileinpt.np.*;public class PrimeNumbers2 {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { System.setProperty("http.proxyHost","wwwproxy.huji.ac.il"); System.setProperty("http.proxyPort","8080");

PnumSoap ps = new PnumLocator().getpnumSoap();

System.out.println(ps.getPrimeNumbers("20")); }}

Server ApplicationsServer Applications

AXIS InstallationAXIS Installation

• Axis works inside a Servlet container (e.g., Tomcat)

• You should add to your Tomcat libs some jar files: axis.jar, saaj.jar, wsdl4j.jar, …

• You need to include several jar files in your CLASSPATH

• This has already been done for you!- The needed CLASSPATH definitions where added to

dbi.cshrc

- The needed jar files are in $CATALINA_HOME/lib/

AXIS Installation (cont)AXIS Installation (cont)

• You need to copy the Axis application to your Tomcat's application directory:

cp -r ~dbi/tomcat/axis/ $CATALINA_BASE/webapps

$CATALINA_BASE

webapps

myapplication axis

Classes were added for you

The directory that you need to copy

$CATALINA_HOME

axis.jar saaj.jar

lib

…

Creating a Web ServiceCreating a Web Service

Next, we will see how we can create and publish a Web service using the Axis plugin in Tomcat

1. Generate the Implementing Class1. Generate the Implementing Class

package myws;public class Power { public int power(int a, int n) { return (int)Math.pow(a,n); }}

$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/axis/WEB-INF/ classes/myws/Power.class

2. Deploy the Service using Web 2. Deploy the Service using Web Service Deployment DescriptorService Deployment Descriptor

<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">

<service name="mypower" provider="java:RPC"> <parameter name="className" value="myws.Power"/> <parameter name="scope" value="application"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> </service>

</deployment>

java org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -hlocalhost -p8080 services.wsdd

services.wsddservices.wsdd

That's it! You Can Call the Service.That's it! You Can Call the Service.import org.apache.axis.client.*;

public class PowerClient {

public static void main(String[] argv)throws Exception { String endpoint = "http://mangal:8080/axis/services/mypower"; Call call = (Call) new Service().createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpoint); call.setOperationName("power"); Object value = call.invoke(new Object[] {new Integer(2), new Integer(5)}); System.out.println(2+"^"+5 +"=" + value); }}

How Does it Work?How Does it Work?

• The AXIS plugin is simply a Web application that resides in Tomcat (under webapps/)

• The Servlet AxisServlet of this application is responsible for invoking services

• All URLs of the form /services/* are mapped to the AxisServlet- Where is that written?

How Does it Work? (cont)How Does it Work? (cont)

• The wsdd file defines mappings between a Web service elements to a Java class elements- I.e., names, methods, etc.

• The class AdminClient sends a request to the application to register the service based on the wsdd content

• When a SOAP request arrives, the AxisServlet object parses the request and invokes the corresponding method of the class associated with the service URL

The Deployment DescriptorThe Deployment Descriptor

<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">

<service name="mypower" provider="java:RPC"> <parameter name="className" value="myws.Power"/> <parameter name="scope" value="application"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> </service>

</deployment> services.wsddservices.wsdd

The Scope of the ObjectThe Scope of the Object

• Request (the default): a new object is created for each request, the service instance is available for the duration of the request (regardless of forwarding)

• Session: a new object is created for each new session and the service instance is available for the entire session

• Application: a singleton shared service instance is used to serve all invocations

Undeploying a ServiceUndeploying a Service

<undeployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"> <service name="mypower"/></undeployment>

java org.apache.axis.client.AdminClient -hlocalhost -p8080 undeploy.wsdd

undeploy.wsddundeploy.wsdd

Implementing ClassesImplementing Classes

• The class that implements the Web service must be accessible to the Axis Servlet

• Hence, this class should reside in a package in$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/axis/WEB-INF/classes/

• Of course, all helper classes should be accessible to the Axis application too

The Service WSDLThe Service WSDL

• Axis automatically provides a WSDL for each deployed service

• To get the WSDL, use the service URL with the empty argument wsdl

http://localhost:8080/axis/services/mypower?wsdl

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://inferno-02/axis/services/mypower"

xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://localhost/axis/services/mypower" xmlns:intf="http://localhost/axis/services/mypower" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"

xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

<wsdl:message name="powerResponse"> <wsdl:part name="powerReturn" type="xsd:int"/> </wsdl:message> <wsdl:message name="powerRequest"> <wsdl:part name="a" type="xsd:int"/> <wsdl:part name="n" type="xsd:int"/> </wsdl:message>

Power-Service WSDLPower-Service WSDL

<wsdl:portType name="Power"> <wsdl:operation name="power" parameterOrder="a n"> <wsdl:input message="impl:powerRequest" name="powerRequest"/> <wsdl:output message="impl:powerResponse" name="powerResponse"/> </wsdl:operation></wsdl:portType>

<wsdl:binding name="mypowerSoapBinding" type="impl:Power"> <wsdlsoap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>

<wsdl:operation name="power"> <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/> <wsdl:input name="powerRequest"> <wsdlsoap:body

encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://myws" use="encoded"/>

</wsdl:input> <wsdl:output name="powerResponse"> <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="http://localhost/axis/services/mypower" use="encoded"/>

</wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation></wsdl:binding>

<wsdl:service name="PowerService"> <wsdl:port binding="impl:mypowerSoapBinding"

name="mypower"> <wsdlsoap:address location="http://inferno-02:8080/axis/services/mypower"/> </wsdl:port> </wsdl:service></wsdl:definitions>

jws Filesjws Files

• There is a fast and easy way of crating a service:

1. Create a Java class myClass.java

2. Rename your class to end with jws: myClass.jws

3. Put the jws file directly under the directory $CATALINA_BASE/webapps/axis/ (the application’s root)

4. That is all. Now you can call the service!

Example: a Calculator ServiceExample: a Calculator Service

public class SimpleCalculator {

public int add(int i1, int i2) { return i1 + i2; } public int subtract(int i1, int i2) { return i1 - i2; }}

$CATALINA_BASE/webapps/axis/SimpleCalculator.jws

Service URL:http://server:port/axis/SimpleCalculator.jws

Example: a Calculator ServiceExample: a Calculator Service

public class CalculatorClient { public static void main(String[] argv)throws Exception { String endpoint = "http://localhost:8080/axis/SimpleCalculator.jws"; Call call = (Call) new Service().createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpoint); call.setOperationName("add"); Object value = call.invoke(new Object[] {new Integer(4), new Integer(6)}); System.out.println(value); }}

How does it Work?How does it Work?

• On the first time the jws file is being called, it is compiled into a class- WEB-INF/jwsClasses/SimpleCalculator.class

• Axis then considers the URL of the jws as one of a regular web service- Default configurations are assumed

• Sounds like any other technology we know?

When not to Use jws Files When not to Use jws Files

• When you do not have the Java source code

• When you don’t want to expose your code

• When you want to use custom type mappings

• When you want to use other configuration options

Axis Type MappingsAxis Type Mappings

Axis Type MappingsAxis Type Mappings

• Axis uses mappings between SOAP types and Java classes and primitive types

• Serialization and deserialization are executed by objects of the interfaces Serializer and Deserializer (provided by Axis), respectively- For example, SimpleSerializer, SimpleDeserializer,

DateDeserializer, ArraySerializer

Axis Type Mapping

Complex Type Example - Service SideComplex Type Example - Service Sidepackage myws;import java.util.*;public class VectorService { public Vector getAsVector(int[] array) { Vector result = new Vector(); for(int i=0; i<array.length; ++i) result.add("Number " + array[i]); return result; }} VectorService.java

<service name="tovector" provider="java:RPC"> <parameter name="className" value="myws.VectorService"/> <parameter name="scope" value="application"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="getAsVector"/></service> services.wsdd

Input in The WSDLInput in The WSDL

<complexType name="ArrayOf_xsd_int"> <complexContent> <restriction base="soapenc:Array"> <attribute ref="soapenc:arrayType" wsdl:arrayType="xsd:int[]"/> </restriction> </complexContent></complexType>

<wsdl:message name="getAsVectorRequest"> <wsdl:part name="array" type="impl:ArrayOf_xsd_int"/></wsdl:message>

Output in The WSDLOutput in The WSDL

<complexType name="Vector"> <sequence> <element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="item" type="xsd:anyType"/> </sequence></complexType>

<wsdl:message name="getAsVectorResponse" <wsdl:part name="getAsVectorReturn" type="apachesoap:Vector"/></wsdl:message>

Complex Type Example - Client SideComplex Type Example - Client Side

import java.util.*;import org.apache.axis.client.*;public class VectorClient { public static void main(String[] argv)throws Exception { String endpoint = "http://localhost:7000/axis/services/tovector"; Call call = (Call) new Service().createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpoint); call.setOperationName("getAsVector"); int[] array = {3,7}; Vector value =

(Vector)call.invoke(new Object[] {array}); printVector(value);}

VectorClient.java

A Snapshot from the RequestA Snapshot from the Request

<getAsVector soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<arg0 xsi:type="soapenc:Array" soapenc:arrayType="xsd:int[2]" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<item>3</item> <item>7</item> </arg0></getAsVector>

A Snapshot from the ResponseA Snapshot from the Response

<getAsVectorResponse soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">

<getAsVectorReturn href="#id0"/></getAsVectorResponse>

<multiRef id="id0" soapenc:root="0" soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"

xsi:type="ns1:Vector" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:ns1="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap">

<item xsi:type="soapenc:string">Number 3</item> <item xsi:type="soapenc:string">Number 7</item> </multiRef>

Java BeansJava Beans

• Java Beans are simply objects of classes that follow some (natural) coding conventions:- An empty constructor

- A readable property has a matching getter

- A writable property has a matching setter

• A property has name and a type

• The getter of property prop: type getProp()

• The setter of property prop: void setProp(type)

An ExampleAn Example

package myws;public class Person { private String firstName, lastName; private int personID;

public String getFirstName() {return firstName;} public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName;} public String getLastName() {return lastName;} public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public void setId(int id) {personID = id;} public int getId(int id) {return personID;}}

property firstName

Property lastName

Property id

Using Beans in Web ServicesUsing Beans in Web Services

• A Web service can use beans in its definition- either in its input or output

• For that, you need to tell the Axis engine that the corresponding object needs to be serialized as a bean

• In this serialization, every accessible property (i.e., one that has a getter/setter) is specified

• Where, in the file system, should the bean class reside?

A Service ExampleA Service Example

package myws; public class PersonService { public Person createPerson() { Person person = new Person(); person.setFirstName("f"); person.setLastName("l"); person.setId(2); return person; }}

The WSDDThe WSDD

<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"

xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java"> <service name="person" provider="java:RPC"> <parameter name="className" value="myws.PersonService"/> <parameter name="scope" value="application"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/> <beanMapping qname="ns:person" xmlns:ns="http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~dbi/xsd"

languageSpecificType="java:myws.Person"/> </service></deployment>

Using Beans in ClientsUsing Beans in Clients

• To use a bean on the client side, you need to configure service to deserialize the SOAP type into a Java bean

• For that, we use the class BeanDeserializer provided by Axis

• Note that client and server beans need not be the same class- What should they have in common?

public class PersonClient { public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {

String endpoint = "http://localhost/axis/services/person"; Call call = (Call) new Service().createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpoint); call.setOperationName("createPerson"); QName qn = new QName("http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~dbi/xsd", "person"); BeanDeserializerFactory bdf = new BeanDeserializerFactory(MyPerson.class,qn); call.registerTypeMapping(MyPerson.class, qn, null, bdf); MyPerson value = (MyPerson)call.invoke(new Object[] {}); System.out.println(value); }}

Identical to Person

Exception HandlingException Handling

Exception in Service CallsException in Service Calls

• Several problems can cause exception to be thrown when a service is being invoked

• For example- the server cannot be connected

- the server does not find the requested URL

- the request is inappropriate (no such operation, invalid arguments, etc.)

- the implementing service method has thrown an exception

Service ExceptionService Exception

• When the implementing service throws an exception, a SOAP fault response is returned by the server

• The client invocation method translates this response to a java.rmi.RemoteException after parsing the response

An ExampleAn Example

package myws; public class ExceptionService { public void throwException() throws IllegalStateException { throw new IllegalStateException ("I only throw an exception!");}}

<service name="exception" provider="java:RPC"> <parameter name="className" value="myws.ExceptionService"/> <parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/></service> services.wsddservices.wsdd

public class ExceptionClient { public static void main(String[] argv){ String endpoint = "http://localhost:80/axis/services/exception"; try { Call call = (Call) new Service().createCall(); call.setTargetEndpointAddress(endpoint); call.setOperationName("throwException"); Object value = call.invoke(new Object[] {}); System.out.println(value); } catch(RemoteException exp) { System.err.println("WS invocation error: " + exp.getMessage()); }catch(Exception exp) {System.err.println("Error: " + exp.getMessage());}}}

A Snapshot from the ResponseA Snapshot from the Response

<soapenv:Body> <soapenv:Fault> <faultcode>soapenv:Server.userException</faultcode> <faultstring>java.lang.IllegalStateException: I only throw an exception!</faultstring> <detail>...</detail> </soapenv:Fault></soapenv:Body>