HandTools&MeasuringDevices

Chapter11

Hammer

Carpenter’s hammer has a crowned head and should not be used with metals

Hammer

Soft faced hammers (rubber, plastic, wood, brass & aluminum) should be used to work metals

Screwdriver

The tip of a slot screwdriver should be ground so its sides are parallel, and it should fill approximately 75% of the width of the slot in the screw.

Screwdriver

Screwdriver

Combination/Slip-JointPliers

ChannelLockPliers

RED TAPE!

Vise-GripPliers

RED TAPE!

Needle-NosePliers

DiagonalCutters

DuckbillPliers

Used for twisting safety wire

SafetyWirePliers

Punches

AutomaticCenterPunch

OpenEndWrench

AdjustableOpenEndWrench

Place the wrench on the fastener so the pull is away from the fixed jaw.

RatchetingOpenEndWrench

BoxEndWrench

RatchetingWrench

CombinationWrench

FlareNutWrench

Used for B-nuts on fluid lines

HandlesforSocketWrenches

Sockets

SocketAdapters

Hand-ImpactDriver

AllenWrench

TorqueWrench

DeflectionBeamTorqueWrench

Deflection beam torque wrench is the least accurate

WrenchPoints

8 - Point

HandSnips

HackSaw

HackSaw

Hacksaw•  Usearidgeorfixedframe•  Teethalwaysfaceforward

v  Cutsontheforwardstroke

•  Releasebladetensionwhendone•  Startcutwithrearwardstrokesonly•  Liftsawonrearwardstokes•  Selectthecorrecttoothcountformaterial

MetalChisel

WoodChisel

WoodChisel

Files

Files

Smoothest Finish

Removes material the fastest

Files

Files•  Alwaysuseahandleonthetang•  Liftorremovepressureonthereturnstroke•  Cleanwithafilecard

v  Keepsteelandaluminumfromcrosscontaminating

•  Keepdry•  Don’tstack•  Siliconspraycanhelpkeepthingsfromsticking

v  Notoil

DrillBits

Tip angle for metal is usually 118° Clear plastics require a special tip design Sizes available in fraction of an inch, metric and numbered Soft metals – high speed and light pressure Hard metals – low speed and higher pressure The flute forms the cutting edges of the point

DrillBits

FAA says use 90° for soft metal

DrillBits

HoleSaw

Figure14-64.Holesawsareusedtocutlarge-diameterholesinthinsheetmetalorwood.

FlyCutter

Figure14-65.Aflycutterisanadjustableholecutter.

RED TAPE! Video

Reamer

Remember to turn only one way

Countersink

TapandDie

Tap

Die

TapandDie•  Threads

v  UNF–finev  UNC–coursev  NationalTaperPipe(NTP)

•  Taperedtosealfluidsv  Rolledandcut

•  Rolledisstronger

•  Usematchingdrillsize•  Usecuttingoiland/orgrease(catchshavings)•  1/2turnforwardandthenbackup•  Straightandslow

Tap

Ruler

“BurnanInch”

UseaMachinistScaletoSetDivider

Divider or Compass

Machinist Scale or Rule

CombinationSet

OutsideCaliper

InsideCaliper

SmallHoleGauge

TelescopingGauge

Show a rocker arm bearing and shaft

Micrometer

Micrometer•  Verniermicrometermeasuresin1/10,000”or0.0001”Page9-24–Fig9-390.2947shouldbe0.2957

•  Agaugeblockisusedtocalibrateamicrometer•  Remembertoaddtheframesizetothemeasurementfromthesleeve/thimble

•  Useratchetstoptotightencaliper•  Keepataconsistenttemperature•  Introvideo•  Readingamicrometer•  Demonstratepoppetvalvestemandpistonpinoutofroundmeasurements

VernierMicrometerScale

DepthGaugeMicrometer

DialIndicator

Used to check that a shaft or disk is straight

Video

FeelerorThicknessGageMeasures: 1.  Piston ring gap 2.  Ring and lands 3. Connecting rod twist 4. Flat Surface

Video

(Slide)Caliper

PitchGage

Examples•  Measuringcrankpinandmainbearingjournalsforout-of-roundwear

•  Rockerarmbushingdimension•  Poppet-typevalvestretch•  Pistonpinout-of-round•  Clearancebetweenpistonringsandringlands•  Connectingrodtwist