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Development of Helicopters in India - Development of Helicopters in India - An Overview Dr. Prasad Sampath Dr. Prasad Sampath RWR&DC, HAL RWR&DC, HAL

HAL Helicopter Overview

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Page 1: HAL Helicopter Overview

Development of Helicopters in India - Development of Helicopters in India - An Overview

Dr. Prasad SampathDr. Prasad SampathRWR&DC, HALRWR&DC, HAL

Page 2: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC2

CHETAK / CHEETAH HELICOPTERSCHETAK / CHEETAH HELICOPTERS

HELICOPTER DIVISION WAS ESTABLISHED AT HAL IN 1970 FOR MANUFACTURE OF HELICOPTERS

HELICOPTER DIVISION HAS PRODUCED 347 CHETAK 275 CHEETAH HELICOPTERS (TOTAL OF 622 HELICOPTERS)

MAJORITY OF THE HELICOPTERS SUPPLIED TO DEFENCE CUSTOMERS

PRESENTLY 395 HELICOPTERS ARE IN OPERATION AS GIVEN BELOW :

CUSTOMERS CHEETAH CHETAK

IAF 45 87

ARMY 127 55

NAVY - 64

CG - 17

TOTAL 172 223

1970

Cheetah

Cheetak

Page 3: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC3

INSTRUMENT PANELS

ChetakChetan

Cheetal

Chetan

Cheetal

CHETAK / CHEETAH UPGRADECHETAK / CHEETAH UPGRADE

TM 333 2B

2002

High Altitude world record 25150 ft in Nov 2004

Page 4: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC4

DESIGNED TODESIGNED TO

MEET THE MEET THE

REQUIREMENTS REQUIREMENTS OF MILITARY, OF MILITARY,

PARA MILITARY & PARA MILITARY & CIVILCIVIL

CIVILCOAST GUARD

NAVYARMY AIR FORCE

STATE-OF-THE-ART, MULTI-ROLE, MULTI-MISSION TWIN ENGINE 5.5 TON CLASS HELICOPTER

DHRUVDHRUVNov. 1984

First Prototype flight Aug 1992

Military Certification of Skid & Wheel variant 2001

Page 5: HAL Helicopter Overview

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Hot Weather trials Jodhpur Prototypes & Army

Hot & Cold Weather trials

Leh, Sarsawa, Manasbal Prototypes, Army and Air Force

Eastern Sector trials Bagdogra Army

Sea Level trials Kochi, Goa and Chennai Prototypes & Navy

Long ferries Bangalore to Leh Santiago, Chile to Arica & back

2345 km 3320 km

High Altitude operations

Siachen / Sonam – Landing Saser Khangri – Flown

5940 m 7670 m

Ship deck trials Take off and Landing Leander class ship & AOPV

Search & Rescue Disaster Management Army

FIELD TRIALSFIELD TRIALS

Page 6: HAL Helicopter Overview

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DHRUV TYPE CERTIFICATES

Military certification of ALH was accorded by CEMILAC, Indian Military Airworthiness authority during

October 2001 with TM333-2B1 engines March 2002 with TM333-2B2 engines

CIVIL CERTIFICATION BY DGCA, INDIA :Civil certification of ALH was accorded by DGCA, Indian Civil Aviation authority during October 2003

2001

Page 7: HAL Helicopter Overview

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DHRUV IN OPERATIONDHRUV IN OPERATION

Prototypes ( 4 Military + 1 Civil ) 5

Indian Military

[ Further orders (Army & IAF) : 159 ]

Army .. 40

IAF .. 22

Navy .. 8

CG .. 4

74

Royal Nepalese Army 3

Ecuador Air Force 2

Civil DHRUVs

[ Further Orders (BSF) : 8 ]

Jharkhand, … 6

ONGC

Cumulative flight hours 30,000

System for operational feedback Established

Improvement Modifications

(Design, Manufacture, Maintainability)

410

Page 8: HAL Helicopter Overview

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ARMY AVIATION’S DHRUV IN EMERGENCY OPERATIONARMY AVIATION’S DHRUV IN EMERGENCY OPERATION

• Rescued 160 soldiers in Srinagar area on 12-13 Jan ’08 at an altitude of 12000-14000 ft. using a make-shift helipad.

Page 9: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC9

DHRUV AT NEPAL

Page 10: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC10

DHRUV IN DISASTER RELIEF ROLEDHRUV IN DISASTER RELIEF ROLE

TSUNAMI RELIEF OPERATIONS

GUJARAT FLOOD RELIEF OPERATIONS

Page 11: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC11

ALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESSALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Cockpit Instruments

Conventional Glass Cockpit Glass Cockpit

No. Delivered

(Military)

5

(Prototypes)

56 17

No. Planned

(Military)

3 (08 - 09) 159 (2009-10 onwards)

2006

Page 12: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC12

ALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESSALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Power Plant TM 333 2B1

(648 kW)

TM 333 2B2

(705 kW)

Shakti

(871 kW)

No. Delivered

(Military)

5

(Prototypes)

56 17

No. Planned

(Military)

3 (08 - 09) 159 (2009 - 10 onwards)

2008

Page 13: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC13

ALH EVOLUTION - AN ONGOING PROCESSALH EVOLUTION - AN ONGOING PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Vibration reduction

ARIS ARIS + FRAHM ARIS + AVCS

No. Delivered

(Military)

5

(Prototypes)

56 17

No. Planned

(Military)

3 (08 - 09) 159 (2009-10 onwards)

ARIS UNIT

FRAHM DAMPER

ARIS UNIT

ARIS UNIT

Controller

Accelerometer

Planar Actuator

AVCS

2008

Controller

Active Frahm

Page 14: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC14

2nd Generation AVCS Configuration on ALH

AVCS CONSISTS OF :• BIAXIAL FORCE GENERATORS (2 CIRCULAR FORCE GENERATOR)

• SENSORS (ACCELEROMETERS)

• SYSTEM CONTROLLER

• WIRING HARNESS

• POWER SUPPLY

BENEFITS:• Reduced system weight (55 Kg as against 80 Kg)• Improved performance• Expandable• Fault tolerant • Reliability and Robustness to EMI

Inorder to achieve ‘global’ vibration reduction on the structure covering the floor, side wall and roof, 2nd generation AVCS comprising biaxial (planar) actuators, controller and sensors were tested on DS-42 with prototype units.

Page 15: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC15

ALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESSALH EVOLUTION – AN ONGOING PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Vibration Monitoring System (VMS)

VMS VMS

No. Delivered

(Military)

0 0

No. Planned

(Military)

20 (09 - 10) 159 (2009-10 onwards)

2008

Page 16: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC16

Vibration Monitoring System (VMS) for ALH VMS – Advanced vibration monitoring technique to perform aircraft diagnostics and

prognostics based on the previous vibration signatures of the aircraft.

BENEFITS:

• Improve safety • Avoid secondary damage • Reduce maintenance expenditure • Optimize maintenance tasks • Reduce down time of the helicopter • Increase meantime between maintenance • Minimize replacement of major components• Change from time based maintenance routines to

condition based maintenance

VMS CONSISTS OF :

On board systems - Sensors to acquire vibration - Optical tracker - Vibration Monitoring Unit (VMU) - Storage Device

Ground based systems - Algorithm to process and analyze the data - Report generation and release of advisory

circulars - Real time web connectivity to ALH user bases

Page 17: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC17

VMS installation on ALH

Cockpit accelerometers MGB magnetic tachometers Tail rotor axial and radial Tail rotor tachometer

Hanger bearing accelerometer AGB accelerometer Engine compressor accelerometers

IGB accelerometer

Engine Turbine accelerometer Engine Turbine accelerometer

Cockpit Control Head

Quick Access Recorder(QAR) Location

Intelligent Blade Tracker (IBT)

Page 18: HAL Helicopter Overview

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AIR TO GROUND MISSILE

ATAM

ROCKET POD

HPS DATA LINK

EO POD

ARMED DHRUV FOR INDIAN AIR FORCE & ARMYARMED DHRUV FOR INDIAN AIR FORCE & ARMY

TURRET GUN

EWSUITE

GUN FIRING TRIALS AT NASIK - 2008 ROCKET FIRING TRIALS AT CHANDIPUR - 2008

2008

Page 19: HAL Helicopter Overview

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ALH EVOLUTION PROCESSALH EVOLUTION PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Mission Sensors

- - EW Suite, CMDS, EO Pod and HPS

No. Planned

(Military)

159 (2009-10 onwards)

EO POD

HPS

EW SUITE

Page 20: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC20

ALH EVOLUTION PROCESSALH EVOLUTION PROCESS

System Prototype

development

Mk I Mk II Mk III Mk IV

Weapon

Systems

- - - Turret Gun, Rocket System, Air to Air Missiles & Air To Ground Missiles

No. Planned

(Military)

159 (2009-10 onwards)

Turret Gun Rocket

ATAM ATGM

Page 21: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC21

Firing trials of Turret Gun at Deolali Field Firing Ranges, Nasik Firing trials of Turret Gun at Deolali Field Firing Ranges, Nasik carried out during Sept. ‘08carried out during Sept. ‘08

2008

Page 22: HAL Helicopter Overview

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Firing trials of Rocket at ITR, Chandipur carried out during Nov. ‘08Firing trials of Rocket at ITR, Chandipur carried out during Nov. ‘08

2008

Page 23: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC23

SUMMARYSUMMARY

• ALH

• Extensive improvements

• Maintainability and Reliability

• Facility for manufacture & support

• Glass Cockpit (IADS)

• Shakti engine certification

• Weapon and Mission systems certification

Present ALH (Mk II, Mk III & Mk IV)

is mature; evolved over the years from Mk I to Mk II and now Mk III & Mk IV.

in place

quantum increase

established

certified

well under way

well under way

Superior to Mk I version in respect of performance & reliability.

Page 24: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC24

• Narrow fuselage with flat panels• Tandem seating • Stealth Features • Glass Cockpit• Armour Protection • High Degree of Crashworthiness • Night Operation Capability

• 20 mm Turret Gun• 70 mm Caliber rockets• Air - to - Air Missile• Air - to - Surface Missile• Iron / Cluster Bombs

Max Take off Weight

5.5 Ton

Max Speed 275 Kmph

Max Oblique Rate of Climb

12.0 m/sec

Range 550 Km

Service Ceiling 6.5 Km

PERFORMANCE

LIGHT COMBAT HELICOPTER

• Target Acquisition & Designation System (TADS)• Helmet Mounted Sight (HMS)• Electronic Warfare (EW) Suite & Counter Measure Dispensing System (CMDS)• Directional Infrared Counter Measure (DIRCM)/ Laser Transmitter• Data Link• Digital Video Recording System (DVRS)• Infrared (IR) Suppressor • Flame Suppressor

FEATURES

WEAPON SYSTEMS

MISSION SYSTEMS

1. Air Defense role against slow moving aerial targets.2. Destruction of Enemy Air Defence (DEAD) Operations.3. Escort to Special Heliborne Operations (SHBO). 4. Offensive employment in Urban Warfare, Counter Surface Force Operations (CSFO) and Counter Insurgency operation.5. Support of Combat SAR Operations.6. Anti-tank role.7. Scout duties.

ROLES

2007

Page 25: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC25

CBT

FFS

FTD

- LEVELS OF TRAINING AT SIMULATOR COMPLEXLEVELS OF TRAINING AT SIMULATOR COMPLEX

- COMPUTER BASED TRAINING (CBT)

- FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICE (FTD)

- FULL FLIGHT SIMULATOR (FFS)

Helicopter Academy to Train by Simulation OF Flying (HATSOFF)(Joint Venture with CAE, Canada)

2008

Page 26: HAL Helicopter Overview

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2 to 3 Ton class Single engine helicopter2 to 3 Ton class Single engine helicopter

4 BLADE HINGELESS

MAIN ROTOR2 BLADE

COMPOSITE TAIL ROTOR

Composite Airframe

LIGHT UTILITY HELICOPTER

SYSTEMS & FEATURESSYSTEMS & FEATURES

PerformanceMax Speed : 250 KmphRate of Climb : 7.5 m/sRange/ Payload @ S.L : 350 Km / 500 KgService Ceiling : 6.5 Km

Roles Reconnaissance and Surveillance Carry small body of troops Scout Casualty Evacuation Airborne Forward Air Controller

SINGLE ENGINE (SHAKTI)

TRANSMISSION

GLASS COCKPIT

AIRFRAME & CABIN

2009

Page 27: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC27

TM333-2M2 ENGINE

NEW HYDRAULICS

ELECTRO OPTICAL (EO) PODMARITIME PATROL RADAR (MPR)

ELECTRONIC SUPPORT MEASURE (ESM)

ADDITIONAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

ADDITIONAL FUEL TANK

COMMUNICATION INTELLIGENCE (COMINT)

Naval Rotary Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Naval Rotary Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (NRUAV)

Conversion of Chetak H/c to NRUAV

• Fly-By-Wire controls • Auto Take-off/ Auto Land over Ship• High Power Engine – TM 333 2 M2• Specific payloads • Safety Feature - Return Home mode

Page 28: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC28

Indian Multi Role Helicopter (IMRH)Indian Multi Role Helicopter (IMRH)

Features

5 Bladed Composite Main Rotor 4 Bladed Composite Tail Rotor Twin engine with Dual FADEC 30 min dry run capable Transmission Glass Cockpit 4 axis AFCS Seating Capacity - 24 Avionics & Mission equipment

Performance (All Up Weight:10-13 T)

Max Speed 275 kmph

Service Ceiling 6.5 km

Pay load at Sea Level 3500 Kg

Range at Sea Level 500 Km

Roles

Tactical troop movement Air maintenance – high altitude Offshore operation Heliborne & Amphibious Assault Operation Anti Submarine Warfare Anti Surface Warfare

Configuration to meet the requirements of the Indian Military Services

Projected Requirements

Army, Air Force & Navy : 390

Page 29: HAL Helicopter Overview

11th Feb. 2009 RWR&DC29

Creation of Helicopter Complex at HAL

A separate Complex for Helicopter Business under a new Managing Director is being created.

Would facilitate focused attention on new Businesses.

Business Volumes for Helicopter Complex are comparable to other Complexes of HAL.

Would result in Better Supply Chain Management.

Would result in Optimum capacity utilisation.

2008

Page 30: HAL Helicopter Overview

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

Helicopter Business in India is looking UP.