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WHOCoordinates U.S. Government Foreign
Disaster Assistance?
• USAID– Bureau for
Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance (DCHA)
• Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)
WHAT does USAID OFDA coordinate?
• Requests for specific USG assistance from host nations with….
• Responses from USG departments and agencies
• USG interaction with International Organizations (UN, IFRC)
• USG funding to USG NGO partners.
WHEN does USAID respond?
• Event occurs• Host nation requests
U.S. assistance• U.S. Ambassador
declares a disaster• DART assessment of
needs• Request for USG
department or agency assistance.
WHERE does OFDA coordination take place?
• Washington: RMT– DoD liaison officer
• U.S. Embassy: DART– OFDA Military Liaison
Officer(s)
• Field sites– Ports– Airports– Action sites
WHY does OFDA coordinate USG foreign disaster assistance?
• Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
• President authorized to respond
• Delegated to USAID Administrator
• USAID OFDA coordinates with USG, IO & NGO partners.
HOW does OFDA coordinate USG [DoD] foreign disaster assistance?
• Disaster declaration
• Request for USG assistance
• USAID OFDA assessment
• Coordination with NGO & international effort (UN OCHA)
• DoD: USAID request to DSCA
• DoD response
EXAMPLE: Chemical Spill, Port of Djibouti, 2002 (Moderate Size Event)
WHO Responded?
• Djibouti Ministry of Environment
• Djibouti Civil Defense Force
• USAID OFDA• UN OCHA• NBC NCO from U.S.
Army• Ports of Dubai Ltd.
WHAT happened?
• Cargo ship – wood treating chemicals
• Heat: plastic became brittle; jugs broke
• CCA leaked into ship• Containers placed on
land; moved 5 times• Washed into bay
WHEN did response activities occur?
• D+0: Spill occurred• D+7: Djibouti requested US assistance• D+7: US Ambassador approved• D+9: USAID OFDA assessment (soil &
water sampling)
• D+11: UN OCHA coordinated international response
• D+16: USAID & Army: training, PPE, shelters, decon gear
WHERE did the response occur?
• Port: soil & water sampling
• Embassy: sample analyses
• Port: UN OCHA office
• Dobbins Air Reserve Base, GA: USAID OFDA CBRNE cache
• Civil Defense HQ: training, respirator fit testing, equipment staging site.
WHY did the USG assist?
• Djibouti requested assistance• U.S. Ambassador concurred• U.S. had interests in HOA• No U.S. JTF yet in Port• Assistance led to further joint
U.S. – Djibouti cooperation
HOW did the USG assist?
Judicious Response: Large Event: WHO would be involved in a response?
• The Government of Djibouti
• U.S. Ambassador/Embassy/Dept. of State
• USAID; USG partners: DoD, HHS, NOAA
• UN OCHA & international responders
• NGOs
• Port of Djibouti & commercial operators
WHAT would probably occur?
• A large event exceeding the HN’s capacity
• A request for USG assistance
• Disaster declaration by U.S. Ambassador
• International response effort → UN OCHA
• USAID OFDA assessment• USAID request for DoD support (not lead).
WHEN would these events probably occur?
• Disaster declaration: D+1
• USAID OFDA DART initial assessment: D+2-4
• USAID request for initial DoD support: D+2 to D+4
• International response coordination by UN OCHA: D+7
WHERE would most USG assistance occur?
• IDP camps: – Packaged food (first 2 weeks), then bulk– Water containers, water trucks– Medical assistance & medevac– Temporary shelter– WASH (sanitation; field hygiene)
• Port: sampling, cleanup
HOW would the USG respond?
• USAID commodities warehouse, Dubai– Commercial airlift– 10L water containers, hygiene kits, plastic sheeting
• Medical assets: HHS (NDMS, CDC, ATSDR, OFRD), DoD
• USG environmental monitoring: NOAA, USCG• USG security assets: BDS, DoD, other• Maritime safety, security, environment: USCG• Port operations assistance: DoD, DHS/USCG
5 Likely Requests for DoD Support:
• Airlift• Security (MPs)• Medevac • Port operations• Augment airport
ground logistics operations.
Questions?