HabitatsHabitats To understand what a habitat is, and how this To understand what a habitat is, and how this

affects the organisms that live thereaffects the organisms that live there

Key TermsKey Terms

What do we mean by the terms What do we mean by the terms habitat habitat and and environmentenvironment??

Habitat Habitat – the place where an organism lives– the place where an organism lives Environment Environment – the conditions within the habitat– the conditions within the habitat

What What conditions conditions change between different change between different habitatshabitats? Look ? Look at the following at the following habitatshabitats, and make a list of the different , and make a list of the different factors…factors…

RainforestRainforest

DesertDesert

ArcticArctic

CavesCaves

MountainsMountains

OceanOcean

Deep OceanDeep Ocean

Different HabitatsDifferent Habitats

Different Different habitats habitats can have some very different can have some very different environments environments ((conditions conditions in the in the habitathabitat))

The main factors are: -The main factors are: - Amount of light / light intensityAmount of light / light intensity Amount of water (fresh / salt)Amount of water (fresh / salt) TemperatureTemperature Oxygen levelsOxygen levels NutrientsNutrients

ShelterShelter

SchoolSchool

In pairs you task is to go outside, and find as many In pairs you task is to go outside, and find as many different different habitats habitats as you can within the school as you can within the school groundground

You may wish to sketch the You may wish to sketch the habitathabitat, and note the , and note the habitat’s habitat’s environmentenvironment…… Car parkCar park GrasslandGrassland ForestForest Etc…Etc…

Different HabitatsDifferent Habitats

Different habitats are able to support different Different habitats are able to support different organisms, however plants and animals develop organisms, however plants and animals develop features to features to adapt adapt to their environment – they to their environment – they become better suited to the conditionsbecome better suited to the conditions

Think of the following organisms – how is a Think of the following organisms – how is a polar polar bear bear / / camel camel / / cactus cactus / / fish fish adapted adapted to the to the environmental conditions of their habitat?environmental conditions of their habitat?

White Fur

Big Wide Feet

Black Skin

Thick Layers of Fat

and Fur

What type of Habitat does a polar bear live in?

How is it adapted to live there?

Habitat = Arctic

How do these adaptations help the polar bear to survive?

Polar BearPolar Bear

Polar bears live in the Arctic, which is very cold Polar bears live in the Arctic, which is very cold Adaptations of a polar bear include: -Adaptations of a polar bear include: -

Black skin to absorb heat wellBlack skin to absorb heat well White appearance to camouflage it against the snow and White appearance to camouflage it against the snow and

iceice Thick layers of fat and fur for insulationThick layers of fat and fur for insulation Wide feet with hair on their soles to avoid slippingWide feet with hair on their soles to avoid slipping

What type of Habitat does a Camel live in?

How is it adapted to live there?

Habitat = Desert

How do these adaptations help the Camel to survive?

Hump to Store Fat

Wide Flat Feet

Thick Fur

Slit like nostrils and 2 sets of eye

lashes

CamelCamel

Camels live in deserts, which are hot and dry Camels live in deserts, which are hot and dry during the day but cold at nightduring the day but cold at night

Adaptations of a camel include: -Adaptations of a camel include: - They can go for a long time without water (fat stored in They can go for a long time without water (fat stored in

hump)hump) Slit-like nostrils and two rows of eyelashes to help keep Slit-like nostrils and two rows of eyelashes to help keep

the sand outthe sand out Wide, flat feet to help them walk on the sandWide, flat feet to help them walk on the sand Thick fur to keep the sun off their skin (+ keep warm at Thick fur to keep the sun off their skin (+ keep warm at

night)night)

What type of Habitat does a Cactus live in?

How is it adapted to live there?

Habitat = Desert

How do these adaptations help the Cactus to survive?

No Leaves

Spines

Thick Stem

Roots that are near to the surface but cover a large area

CactusCactus

Cactuses live in deserts, which are hot and dry Cactuses live in deserts, which are hot and dry during the day but cold at night with <25mm during the day but cold at night with <25mm rainfall per yearrainfall per year

Adaptations of a cactus include: -Adaptations of a cactus include: - No leaves and small surface area (reduces water loss)No leaves and small surface area (reduces water loss) Thick stem to store waterThick stem to store water Spines to stop herbivores eating themSpines to stop herbivores eating them Shallow but extensive roots to absorb water as quickly as Shallow but extensive roots to absorb water as quickly as

possiblepossible

What type of Habitat does a Fish live in?

How is it adapted to live there?

Habitat = Ocean

How do these adaptations help the Fish to survive?

Gills

Streamlined

Some are adapted to sense pressure changes

Large Eyes

FishFish

Fish live in the sea, where temperature is Fish live in the sea, where temperature is reasonably stablereasonably stable

Adaptations of a fish include: -Adaptations of a fish include: - Gills so they can breathe under waterGills so they can breathe under water Streamlined to move through the water easilyStreamlined to move through the water easily Some are highly adapted, such as a shark, to detect Some are highly adapted, such as a shark, to detect

prey via highly sensitive taste glandsprey via highly sensitive taste glands Some deep-sea fish have very large eyes, to detect Some deep-sea fish have very large eyes, to detect

what little light there is what little light there is