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Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires - ComparedEmpires - Compared
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires: comparedEmpires: compared
• They were Islamic.• They existed at about the same time –
Suleiman, Abbas I, Akbar were the rulers at the height of each empire and were contemporaries.
CAPITALSCAPITALSOttoman MughalOttoman Mughal
• Bursa then Istanbul
• Delhi
The Red FortSulimaniye Mosque
Safavid - IsfahanSafavid - Isfahan
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires: comparedEmpires: compared
• They were Military Empires &
“Gunpowder Empires”
Ottoman Cannon 1600s
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires: comparedEmpires: compared
• They were Military Empires & “Gunpowder Empires”
• Each had a centralized government with a Sultan, Shah, or Emperor as the key leader
• Bureaucracies managed the empires (Ottoman bureaucracy was the most extensive).
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires: comparedEmpires: compared
• Each had Slavery as an institution – nonMuslims were slaves but the
status of slaves varied widely
Concubines of India
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires: comparedEmpires: compared
Factors of Decline were similar –
• Inflation & Taxation of the lower classes
• The Land-Grant system (land given to military officers but not hereditary) limited development
• Weak rulers
Religious IntoleranceReligious Intolerance
• Religious minorities were persecuted at times – Sunnis, Shi’a, Sikhs, others
• non-Muslims paid higher taxes
• They launched missionary efforts and reforms aimed at religious nonconformists
Religious ToleranceReligious Tolerance
• Government positions were available to outsiders and nonMuslims
• Christians and Jews and their communities were given special status
• Some reforms were made to benefit nonMuslims