GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. - British Columbia · 2013-10-02 · Geology Maps and Cross-Sections (1:50 000) Pn 80-044 - 047 Traverse Location Map Pn 80-048 Trench Location Map Base

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC.

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT GEOLOGICAL REPORT

1980

COAL LICENCE NUMBERS 5484 TO 5520 INCLUSIVE

CASSIAR LAND DISTRICT

NTS MAP NO. I04 A

LATITUDES BETWEEN 56' 44' AND 56' 53' N

LONGITUDES BETWEEN 128' 24' AND 128' 39' W


- and - J. MATTHEW DUFORD

CONSULTING GEOLOGIST

DECEMBER, 1980

PANORAMA PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 SUMMARY

1.1 Location 1.2 Geology 1.3 Resource Potential 1.4 Coal Quality

2.0 INTRODUCTION

2.1 Objectives 2.2 Location 2.3. Coal Licences 2.4 Ownership 2.5 Access 2.6 Biophysical Environment

3.0 EXPLORATION

3.1 Introduction 3.2 Cartography 3.3 Field Camp 3.4 Geological Mapping 3.5 Trenching 3.6 Reclamation 3.7 Project Management &

Contractors

4.0 GEOLOGY

4.1 Introduc tion 4.2 Stratigraphy

Page No.

4.2.1 Previous Work

Page No.

4.2.1.1 G.S. Malloch 4.2.1.2 J.M. Black 4.2.1.3 Tompson, Jenkins, and Roper 4.2.1.4 Correlation

4.2.2 Proposed Stratigraphy

4.2.2.1 Panorama Sequence 4.2.2.2 Groundhog Sequence 4.2.2.3 Coal Development 4.2.2.4 Malloch Sequence 4.2.2.5 Rhondda Sequence

4.3 Structure

4.3.1 Structural Style 4.3.2 Panorama South 4.3.3 Panorama North 4.3.4 Regional Structure

5.0 RESOURCE POTENTIAL

5.1 Resource Calculation Procedures and Parameters

6.0 COAL QUALITY

6.1 Procedures 6.2 Results

7 .O RECOMMENDATIONS

8.0 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

LIST OF TABLES

Page No.

5.1 Tentative Trench Correlation

5.2 Panorama Resource Potential Data

6.1 Average Panorama Coal Quality

6.2 Panorama Clean Coal Analysis

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Page No.

Panorama Location Map

Schematic Stratigraphic Column

Geology Map

Location Map

Regional Geology

Licence Map

Stratigraphy - Table of Formations

Compared Stratigraphies

Panorama Area Looking Northwest

Panorama Area Looking Southeast

Coal Analysis Flow Sheet

Drilling Site Map

Licence Revisions

LIST O F APPENDICES IN TEXT

Dwg. No.

I

I1

P 111

1v

* v " VI

" VII

=vIII

e IX

Legal Description of Licences

Groundhog Sequence Schematic Section Pn 80-00 1 "

Trench Lithologic Logs Pn 80-002 - 80-043

Coal Quality Data

Geology Maps and Cross-Sections (1:50 000) Pn 80-044 - 047

Traverse Location Map Pn 80-048

Trench Location Map

Base Map Preparation Procedure J Pn 80-049

APPENDICES EXTERNAL TO TEXT

Geology Maps and Cross-Sections (1: 10 000) Cs 80-050 - 060

Maps 80-061 - 068

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

L O SUMMARY

0 10 20 30 km.

I

GULF CANADA RESQURCES INC. CdOmmn

CALGARY ALBERTA


LOCATION MAP

CCAREDlV: J. INNIS !SCALE I t 600,000 iAcMOVED BY: D A T E : h , moo !DRAWING No. ff6. 1.i

LOCAT I ON

THE PANORAMA C O A L LICENCES ARE L O C A T E D IN

NORTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA APPROXIMATELY 234 A 1 R

K ILOMETRES NORTH OF SM I THERS BR I T I SH COLUMB I A , THE L I C E N C E BLOCKS L I E W I T H I N THE GROUNDHOG RANGE BETWEEN THE

SKEENA AND NASS RIVERS.

ACCESS

THE CLEARED R I GHT-OF-WAY FOR THE ABANDONED PR I NCE

GEORGE - DEASE LAKE BRIT ISH COLUMBIA RAILWAY L I N E PASSES

WITHIN 15 KILOMETRES OF THE NORTHERN LICENCE BLOCK, THE SEA PORT OF STEWART IS ONLY 129 KILOMETRES T O THE

SOUTHWEST, BUT NO ACCESS I N T H I S D I R E C T I O N PRESENTLY

E X I S T S ,

L I CENCES

THE PROPERTY HELD I S D I V I D E D I N T O TWO L I C E N C E

BLOCKS, THE NORTHERN BLOCK OF 8 L I C E N C E S I S 2 121 HECTARES I N AREA, THE SOUTHERN BLOCK OF 29 L I C E N C E S

COMPRISES 8 236 HECTARES,

OWNERSHI P

EXPLORATION

TO DATE, I N V E S T I G A T I O N OF THE PANORAMA L I C E N C E AREA HAS INCLUDED HELICOPTER-SUPPORTED GEOLOGICAL MAPPING OF

THE E N T I R E AREA ON A 1: 10 000 SCALE, HAND TRENCHING OF

A L L SEAMS D ISCOVERED I N EXCESS OF 0 , 5 METRES I N

THICKNESS, AND A N A L Y S I S OF SAMPLES FROM THE TRENCHES,

\ \ \ \ \

CURRIER'SEAM UP TO 3 m.+ THICK

\

\ \ \

LEACH SEAM I

RHONOOA SEOUENCE

I STRATIGRAPHIC UNITS 1 AGE / I

I

\ \ -

MALLOCH SEOUENCE

GROUNDHOG SEOUENCE

PANORAMA SEQUENCE

I BOWSER LAKE GROUP I - I HAZELTON GROUP 1

I I l l

NOTE SUB - CRETACEOUS UNITS ARE NOT DRAWN TO SCALE.

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. CdOirision

CALGARY ALBERTA i

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I SCHEMATIC STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN :SHOWING LOCATION OF COAL ZONES

'REPARED BY: J. INNIS !%ALE N.T.S. . '

~PPROVED BY: o ~ ~ ~ : N W . 1 0 0 0 ]DRAWING IW. no. 1.2

GEOLOGY THE PANORAMA L I C E N C E AREA I S U N D E R L A I N BY LOWER TO

MI DDLE CRETACEOUS SED IMENTARY ROCKS OF THE SKEENA GROUP THE SKEENA GROUP WAS F I E L D S U B D I V I D E D I N T O FOUR U N I T S

WHICH WERE NAMED THE PANORAMA, GROUNDHOG, MALLOCH, AND

RHONDDA SEQUENCES THE MAJOR C O A L DEVELOPMENT L I E S

WITHIN THE GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE, WHICH CONTAINS A TOTAL OF

8 SEAMS IN E X C E S S OF 0 m 5 METRES IN T H I C K N E S S , ONE OF

THESE EXCEEDS 1 METRE I N T H I C K N E S S AND TWO OTHERS EXCEED

2 METRES I N T H I C K N E S S W I T H A MAXIMUM T H I C K N E S S OF 3 METRES, DIFFICULTY H A S BEEN EXPERIENCED IN TRACING THE

COAL SEAMS FOR ANY D I S T A N C E , INTENSE DEFORMATION HAS

RESULTED I N COMPLEX F O L D I N G AND SOME RELATED F A U L T I N G ,

0 2000 4000 6 0 b METRES

MALLOCH SEQUENCE

[ I GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE RESOURCE POTENTIAL AREA

(q PANORAMA SEOUENCE

. . . . . . . . GEOLOGIC CONTACT (INFERRED)

T FAULTS (NORMAL, THRUST)

+ + FOLDS (SYNCLINE, ANTICLINE

Corl Division CALGARY


GEOLOGY MAP

'REPARED BY: J. l NNlS ]SCALE 1: 100,000 IPPROVED BY: , DATE:-, I ~ ~ O ~ D R A W I N G NO. FIG. 1.3 1

RESOURCE POTENT1 AL

THE RESOURCE POTENTIAL IN THE PANORAMA LICENCE A R E A

I S LOCATED W I T H I N THE GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE TH I s SEQUENCE

OUTCROPS OVER MOST OF THE L I C E N C E B L O C K S m TWO M A I N COAL

SEAMS WERE D E L I N E A T E D W I T H AN AGGREGATE T H I C K N E S S OF 4 METRES. THE TOTAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF THESE SEAMS IS

322.5 MILLION TONNES,

SIX OTHER SEAMS, ALL G R E A T E R THAN 0 8 5 METRES IN

TH ICKNESS, WERE NOT FOUND TO BE S U F F I C I E N T L Y CONTINUOUS

TO J U S T I F Y T H E I R I N C L U S I O N I N A P R E L I M I N A R Y RESOURCE

P O T E N T I A L CALCULATIONm

TABLE 1. 1

AVERAGE PANORAMA COAL QUAL I TY R A W HEAD ANALYS I s

RES 1 DUAL MO I STURE

S.G.

Y I ELD

ASH

RES I DUAL MO I STURE

VOLATILE MATTER

VOLATILE MATTER (DMMF)

F IXED CARBON

BTU/LB

SULPHUR

S.G.

H.G. I ,

COAL QUALITY THE C O A L I N THE PANORAMA AREA R A N G E S FROM LOW V O L A T I L E

BITUMINOUS T O SEMI - A N T H R A C ITE, THE ADJACENT TABLES PROVIDE

THE R E S U L T S O F A N A L Y S I S ON AN A I R - D R I E D B A S I S O F A RAW C O A L

AND A SIMULATED PRODUCT COAL CUT A T 1 ,8 SPECIFIC G R A V I T Y . THE F I G U R E S ARE AN AVERAGE O F V A L U E S FOR B O T H SEAMS, W E I G H T E D BY

T H E T H I C K N E S S O F T H E S E A M S ,

2.0 INTRODUCTION

2.1 Objectives

The objectives of the 1980 Panorama exploration

program were:

a ) to subdivide the sedimentary package into

mappable units,

b) t o determine the structural s tyle of the a r ea

covered by t he licences,

C) to locate and expose by trenching all coal seams

greater than 1 met r e in thickness,

d) to sample all significant coal seams for coal

quality analyses and,

e ) t o delineate a reas of potential surface mineable

coal for future drilling.

2.2 Location

The Panorama coal licences a r e located between the

Nass and Skeena Rivers of northwestern British Columbia,

within the a r ea of the Skeena Mountains (Figure 2.1). The a r ea

between 56' 44' and 56' 53' north la t i tude and 128' 24' and

128' 39' west longitude includes all of t he Panorama licences.

The two blocks which contain t h e Panorama coal licences a r e

si tuated with cen t res about 12 kilometres apar t and comprise a

tota l of 10 357 hectares (25 592 acres). .

40 0 40 80120160 200

KM LEGEND

C.N.R. --.

6.C.R.

C.P.R. - -- - A.R.R. ---

ALBERTA

-- - .

GULF CANADA RESOURCES I N C . .I I l " l , l O , ,

- I AL I B A I I Y

-- - -- A l H I I( 1 A

L O C A T I O N MAP

PANORAMA COAL P R O J E C T

SPATSlZl WILDERNE S PARK f , , \ ' \

A L B E R T A I \ /

/ PANORAMA C O A L PROJECT

REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY 4.

2.3 Coal Licences

Thirty-five whole l icences and 2 part ial l icences a r e

contained wthin t h e two Panorama coal l icence blocks.

Numbers 5503 t o 5510 inclusive l ie within the northern block.

Numbers 5484 t o 5502 and 5511 t o 5520 inclusive a r e contained

by the larger southern block. These a r e i l lustrated in Figure 2.3

and listed in Appendix I.

2.4 Ownership

The Panorama coal l icences a r e wholly owned by Gulf

Canada Resources Inc.

2.5 Access

At present, the re is no road access t o the a rea of the

Panorama coal licences. The c leared right-of-way for t h e

abandoned British Columbia Railway line between Prince

George and Dease Lake lies within 15 kilometres of t h e

northeast cornerd of the northern Panorama l icence block

(Figure 2.2). Present railhead is 39 kilometres southeast of t h e

southern l icence block.

The coal l icences a r e 129 a i r kilometres east of Stewart ,

B.C. (population 1 357), 249 kilometres northeast of Terrace

(population 9 991), and 234 kilometres north of Smithers

(population 3 864).

C m D,v,,,~" C&LG&RY ALBERTA


COAL LICENCE MAP

2.6 Biophysical Environment

The Panorama licences are located within the Skeena

Mountains' physiographic region (Figure 2.2). Topography

reflects the underlying structure somewhat, but is strongly

influenced by the regional drainage pattern. The height of land

i n the middle of the property forms a drainage divide. Anthony

Creek from the northern licence block and Panorama Creek

from the southern licence block, flow east into the Nass River.

Beirnes Creek i n the north and Currier Creek in the south flow

northeast into the Skeena River. The Nass and Skeena Rivers

approximately parallel each other, flowing south and then west

to the Pacific.

Elevations range from less than 700 metres at the Nass

River in the southwest corner of the property, to over 2 000

metres on Cushing Ridge to the east (Appendix V).

Many who have worked i n the Panorama area have

remarked on the abundance of precipitation that characterizes

local weather patterns. Approximately half the yearly

precipitation falls as snow. Most summers are reported as

"exceptionally wet" (Buckham and Latour, 1950), with frequent

days of precipitation. Daily temperatures range between 0' C

and 23' C during the summer months.

The most abundant trees are alpine, fir, white and black

spruce, lodgepole pine, aspen, balsam poplar and white birch.

The t imber line is approximately 1 350 met res above sea level

with t imber quite dense below 1 100 metres.

Came appeared plentiful with f requent sightings of

moose, caribou, mountain goat and black bear. Grizzly bears

were also observed on rare occasions. Grouse and ptarmigan

a r e abundant a s a r e Canada geese in the l a te summer.

Steelhead and rainbow trout, cohoe salmon and dolly varden a r e

reported in the upper Skeena and Kluatantan rivers (Tompson,

1977).

3.0 EXPLORATION

3.1 Introduction

The Panorama coal licences were applied for in June,

1979 on t he basis of a mapped distribution of coal-bearing

s t r a t a reported by Black (1968).

The 1980 Panorama coal exploration program

immediately preceeded t h e Sustut coal exploration program

(see Sustut Coal Project, Geological Report , 1980). For

logistical reasons, exploration operations for t he Panorama

licences t o the north and the Sustut l icences t o the south were

based at one camp.

3.2 Cartography

Government maps a r e available for the Panorama a rea

on both t h e 1:50 000 and 1:250 000 scale. For t he purpose of

detailed mapping, this coverage was augmented by maps on a

1:10 000 scale with 10-metre contour intervals prepared from

existing aerial photography by Hardy and Associates (1978) Ltd.

(Appendix VIII). These 1:10 000 maps a r e limited t o t he

immediate a r ea of the two licence blocks and the land directly

between them.

3.3 Field Camp

Field camp operations began July 17, 1980 a t a si te

adjacent t o t h e Chipmunk airstr ip along t he Skeena River. All

initial supplies and equipment were flown from Smithers,

British Columbia a s were weekly supplies. The camp consisted

of 3, 16 x 14 foot common ten t s and 6 smaller personnel tents.

Power for the lights and f reezer was supplied by a 3.5 K W

diesel generator. Camp operations ceased on September 8,

1980 a t which t ime t he majority of t he camp equipment was

stored at Smithers Transport in Smithers.

3.4 Geologic Mapping

The Panorama coal project utilized 3 crews, each

consisting of a geologist and a geological assistant. The crews

were air-supported by a Hughes 500 C helicopter. Outcrops

were plotted on 1:10 000 scale map cards or 1:10 000 scale

orthophotos which became available la ter in the program.

Altimeters were used to provide elevation control. Aerial

photographs were used in conjunction with the topographic

maps to verify locations and outcrop patterns. All geological

information was transferred from the map cards, orthophotos

and field notes to 1:10 000 scale dylar maps in the field office.

The results of the geological mapping program are summarized

a t a scale of 1:50 000 a t t he end of the t ex t (Appendix V). The

same maps and cross-sections a r e provided at 1:10 000 scale in

Appendix IX. A map outlining each of t he traverse locations is

presented in Appendix VI.

3.5 Trenching

A hand-trenching program was undertaken during the

latter portion of the field mapping. A two-man crew worked

under the direction of geologists responsible for mapping

particular areas. The objective of trenching was to prove the

thickness of coal seams where it was deemed possible to expose

the coal section with hand-shovel trenches, and to collect coal

samples for quality analyses. Due to the fact that overburden

tends to mask the true extent of a seam, al l coal exposures

greater than 0.5 metres were trenched to avoid missing more

extensive seams.

The trenches were approximately 0.7 metres wide and

cut to a depth of 1 metre. A total of 42 trenches were dug and

logged on the Panorama coal licences. Several others were dug,

but the actual coal thickness did not warrant logging and

sampling.

Al l coal seams greater than 0.5 metres were sampled for

coal quality analyses. In each trench, the channel sample was

approximately 0.1 m x 0.1 m x the length of the coal seam. The

trench logs illustrating the sampled sections are presented i n

Appendix 111 at the end of the text, while the trench location

map may be found i n Appendix VII. Trench locations are also

plotted on the geology maps.

3.6 Reclamation

The a rea of environmental disturbance associated with

t h e 1980 Panorama coal exploration program was minimal since

all transportation was via helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft .

Only minor disturbances were associated with the camp and

with trenching. Several hand trenches were l e f t open for la ter

viewing, while t he remaining trenches were filled in. The camp

utilized a pre-existing clearing, cleared by construction

activities of t h e British Columbia Railway. The camp site was

l e f t in its original condition.

3.7 Project Management & Contractors

The 1980 coal exploration program was managed by B.P.

Flynn (Project Supervisor) of Gulf Canada Resources Inc. Field

operations was supervised by J.M. Duford, Consulting Geologist.

The geological report was prepared by J.M. Duford and J.W.

lnnis of Gulf Canada Resources Inc.

The following additional professional and technical

personnel contributed to t he Sustut coal projects:

G. Johnson Senior Geological Assistant

R. Brezovski Geological Assistant

E. Legresley Geological Assistant

D. Spencer Geological Assistant

J. Currie Helicopter Pilot

The following also contributed t o t he project:

B. Warren

M. Hatch

P. Russell

Cook

Cook

Trencher

The following is a list of t he suppliers and service

companies used during t he project:

Srnithers Air Service

Norcrown Air Ltd.

Quasar Helicopters Ltd.

Srnithers Hardware Ltd.

Super Valu Stores

Canadian Propane Gas & Oil Ltd.

MR Rentals

J & D Rewind

C J L Enterprises

Cyclone Engineering Sales Ltd.

Hardy & Associates Ltd.

Srnithers, B.C.

Kelowna, B.C.

Richmond, B.C.

Srnithers, B.C.

Srnithers, B.C.

Srnithers, B.C.

Smithers, B.C.

Srnithers, B.C.

Smithers, B.C.

Edmonton, Alta.

Calgary, Alta.

4.0 GEOLOGY

4.1 Introduction

The coal development which was the object of

investigation of t he Panorama coal exploration program is par t

of a Jurassic - Cretaceous depositional sequence in one of

several successor basins in t he Intermontane Belt of

northwestern British Columbia (Eisbacher, 1974(a)).

Volcanism dominated prior to the establishment of t h e

successor basins, producing the Takla and Hazelton groups.

Through t he Upper Jurassic t o Tertiary t imes, t he marine

strand line re t reated to the southwest, coinciding with the

deposition of the predominantly marine Bowser Lake Group, t h e

marginally marine Skeena Group, and finally, t he mostly

continental Sustut Group (Figure 4.1).

The licence a rea is underlain solely by s t r a t a from the

Skeena Group. These were deposited in an alluvial fan and coal

swamp set t ing (Eisbacher, 1974(a)) prograding over the older

Bowser Lake marine deltaic complex. The resulting facies is

typically laterally discontinuous, but with significant local coal

deposits.

Tectonism has complicated the geology to a major

extent . Generally the s t ructure is characterized by large, open

folds and widely-spaced faults. Synclines a r e usually broader

STRATIGRAPHY TABLE OF FORMATIONS

SUBDIVISION GROUP

UPPER 1

LOWER

UPPER

MIDDLE

LOWER

MIDDLE I--

SUSTUT

SKEENA

MIDDLE I

LOWER

LITHOLOGY

HAZELTON

QUARTZ PEBBLE CONGLOMERATE. TO PEBBLY SANDSTONE. SANDSTONE SUB QUARTZOSE FELDSPATHIC, DARK GREY TO REDDISH MUDSTONE, THIN COALSEAMS, SHALE, AND ASH FALLTUFFS IN UPPER PORTION OF UNIT.

CHERT PEBBLE RICH; BROWN-GREY CONGLOMERATE. BLACK. BROWN, AND ORANGEY CLAYSTONE, SILICEOUS AND CLAYEY SANDSTONE. WlTH SILTSTONE, CLAYSTONE AND COAL INTERBEDS. BASE OF UNIT DARK GREY TO BLACK TUFFS, TUFFACEOUSSANDSTONEANDCARBONACEOUSSHALE.

FELDSPATHIC TO QUARTZOSE SANDSTONE, DARK GREY TO BLACK SHALE. SILTSTONE. GREYWACKE, CHERT PEBBLE CONGLOMERATE A N 0 MINOR COAL SEAMS,

REDDISH.PURPLE. GREY AND GREEN PYROCLASTIC AND FLOW VOLCANICS. WlTH CALC-ALKALlhE CHEMICAL AFFINITIES. REDDISH SANDSTONE. SILTSTONE. MUDSTOhE MINOR CONGLOMERATE, AND LIMESTONE AND THEIR TUFFACEOUS EQUIVALENTS.

GREY-GREEN TO DARK GREEN FLOW AND PYROCLASTIC. BASALTIC A N 0 ANDESlTlC VOLCANIC ROCKS, PELlTlC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS AND MINOR CARBONATE ROCKS.

FIG. 4.1

than intervening anticlines. However, deformation on a smaller

scale is of ten quite intense with t ight isoclinal folds and

extensive minor faulting.

Structural complexity appears to increase from north to

south. Perhaps associated with this increase is a change in

regional s t r ike from northern t o southern licence blocks. The

regional str ike describes an arc, changing from southeast-

northwest in the northern block to almost east-west south of

Panorama Creek.

The geology is illustrated on the 1:50 000 scale map and

cross-sections in Appendix V and is reproduced on 1:10 000

scale maps and cross-sections in Appendix IX. The

reconnaissance nature of the mapping limited t he detail with

which local a reas of ex t reme structural complexity could be

described. To provide a rough indication of the trend of this

smaller-scale deformation, zones of "intense deformation" or

"limited geologic control" are labelled on t he cross-sections.

4.2 Stratigraphy

A stratigraphy for the a rea of the Groundhog coalfield

has been slow in developing due to t he lithological similarity

between sequences of different ages coupled with a complex

structural style. The sedimentological regime varied l i t t le

through the Jurassic and Cretaceous, and produced a sequence

with a considerable recessive component. The combination of a

relatively homogeneous sequence, locally severe tectonic

disturbance and sometimes poor exposure, has hampered efforts

to construct a definitive geological model for the area.

Difficulty has been almost universally encountered in

identifying a sequence in more than one locality because of the

lack of distinctive horizons or recognizable lateral continuity.

Most reporting has, therefore, been restricted to facies

modelling of the entire sedimentary package into units which

are not necessarily mappable, or comparisons of previously

constructed stratigraphies.

4.2.1 Previous Work

The most valuable background material

used in coming to an understanding of the

stratigraphy i n the Panorama area was found in a

Geological Survey of Canada report by G.S.

Malloch (1912); and in two industry reports: one by

J.M. Black (1968) and one by W.D. Tompson, D.M.

Jenkins, and M.W. Roper (1970). These reports all

discuss the sedimentary package in the Panorama

area differently and three separate stratigraphies

emerge. This section presents each stratigraphic

subdivision, concentrating on the strata correlative

with the Skeena Group.

4.2.1.1 G.S. Malloch

Malloch conducted a regional program of

investigation, ranging a considerable distance t o

the south of the Panorama licence area. His

Hazelton Group does not outcrop in the licence

area. All Panorama a rea s t r a t a a r e included in the

Skeena Series.

4.2.1.2 J.M. Black

Black (1968) discussed a "Lower

Conglomerate", "Lower Shale", "Upper Shale", and

"Upper Conglomerate" sequence of an a g e range

corresponding to t h a t of t h e Skeena Group. These

were also based on observations over a large area.

The Lower Conglomerate is composed of

thick sandstone and conglomerate units with

interbedded thinner sandstones, silstones, and

shales. The thicker sandstones a r e sometimes

found to be quite dirty. The sequence, a s a whole,

f ines and becomes more thinly-bedded upward with

minor coal at t he top and a gradational boundary

with the overlying Lower Shales.

The Lower Shales unit comprises

interbedded shale, sandstone, and coal units. The

sandstones here are also qu i te dirty and, like those

i n the Lower Conglomerate, are non-marine. A

few sandstones of marine character contain

abundant bivalve shells. Black's (1968) mapped

distribution of the coal-bearing Lower Shales was

one of the main criteria applied in determining the

number and location of licences for the Panorama

coal project.

A gradational boundary separates the

Lower Shales from the Upper Shales. The Upper

Shales unit contains predominantly sandstone,

siltstone, and shale beds, but lacks the coal of the

Lower Shales. Also present are thin beds of l imy

material and horizons containing excellently

preserved plant fossils.

The Upper Conglomerate is made up of

conglomerate beds 15 to 60 metres thick,

interbedded with sandstone and shale. Some of the

latter is carbonaceous, but no coal seams are

reported.

Fossil evidence is interpreted to indicate

an age of Upper Jurassic for the Lower

Conglomerate, Lower Shales, and most of the

Upper Shales. The uppermost Upper Shales and the

Upper Conglomerate are, therefore, Lower

Cretaceous i n age.

4.2.1.3 Tornpson, Jenkins, and Roper

The comparable strat igraphy of Tompson

et a1 (1970) consists of several "lithosomes" named

on t h e basis of t h e location of t h e described

sections. The McEvoy Ridge lithosome is

dominated by silty claystone with a relatively

minor proportion of immature sandstone and very

minor conglomerate. The sequence is evenly

bedded with l i t t le cross-bedding and la tera l and

ver t ica l gradational boundaries between

lithologies. The sandstone beds usually have" sharp

bases and a r e fr iable t o a degree t h a t varies with

the matur i ty of the sandstone.

The Coal-Bearing lithosome comprises

coal , siltstone and silty claystone with about 15 t o

20 percent carbonaceous mater ia l , and very minor

cross-bedded, medium-grained sandstone. A

recessive weathering habit largely obscures the

bedding character , but f loat is a character is t ic

brown-orange streaked with black.

Tompson et al's Lonesome Mountain

lithosome comprises sandstone, conglomerate and

claystone with contained coal. Fine-grained

metres in thickness. Burrows and marine

molluscan fossils are found i n some sandstones.

The Devil's Claw Conglomerate lithosome

is described by Tompson et a1 (1970) as being a

time stratigraphic equivalent of the Lonesome

Mountain lithosome, lacking the extent of

claystone and coal development of the Lonesome

Mountain lithosome, and characterized by a much

greater proportion of thick (60 metres) pebbly

sandstones and conglomerates. Thick claystone

units do occur between the conglomerates and are

carbonaceous, but the zones are not significantly

coaly or continuous.

4.2.1.4 Correlation

The mapping undertaken as part of Gulf's

Panorama coal exploration project involved

detailed comparisons of previously prepared

geological maps, and close attention to the

apparent distribution of stratigraphic units on the

ground. It became apparent that there was

considerable discrepancy between the

sedimentological divisions constructed by Black

(1968) and by Tompson (1970). As the geology was

interpreted during the Pan'orama project, the

intended stratigraphic sequence of Black's and

Tompson's units, as gleaned from their written

reports, does not always seem to correspond with

the sequence implied by the mapped distribution of

their units (see Figure 4.2). The interpretation

developed during the Panorama project required,

for the purpose of clarifying stratigraphic

relationships of the observed lithologic sequences,

that a modified stratigraphy be established using

elements from each of Malloch's, Black's and

Tornpson's schemes.

4.2.2 Proposed Stratigraphy

The rocks of the Skeena Group were

divided into four "sequences", which were field

named (from oldest to youngest) as follows: The

"Panorama Sequence" is found in type exposures on

Panorama Mountain. The "Groundhog Sequence"

which includes the coal-bearing strata, was named

after the Groundhog Coalfield. The "Malloch

Sequence" including the shales above the

coal-bearing Groundhog sequence, is named after

G.S. Malloch of the Geological Survey of Canada,

who did much important pioneering work in the

area i n the field seasons of ,191 1 and 1912. The

COMPARED STRATIGRAPHIES

TOMPSON et a1 (1970) LITHOSOMES

GULF'S PANORAMA PROJECT (1980)

BLACK

I

UPPER --- RHONDDA ------- CONGLOMERATES

300 m

MALLOCH UPPER

/ SHALES COAL BEARING

/ 2000 m+ 1400 m - /

GROUNDHOG LOWER . SHALES

McEVOY RIDGE 375 rn 450-750 m

400 m+

LOWER PANORAMA CONGLOMERATES

CORRELATION INTERPRETED FROM LlTHOGlC A N 0 STRATIGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION

CORRELATIONS IMPLIED BY MAPPING FIG. 4.2

"Rhondda Sequence" which does not outcrop within

the licence block, but is the highest part of the

succession represented in the area, is named after

Lord Rhondda who had key financial influence i n

the earliest development of the Groundhog

Coalfield i n 1913 (Tompson, 1977).

The correlation of these sequences with

the units of Black and Tompson is indicated in

Figure 4.2.

4.221 Panorama Sequence

Stratigraphically, the lowest sequence

encountered i n the licence area, termed the

Panorama Sequence, consists of predominantly

fine-grained, medium to thick bedded, grey

sandstone gradationally associated with

subordinate interbeds of quite recessive and

sometimes bri t t le claystone to siltstone. There is

very l i t t le concentrated development of

carbonaceous material i n the fine-grained

sediments. The sandstones grade locally up to a

medium-grain size; exhibit cross-bedding and some

ripples with a minor inclusion of siltstone clasts

which locally define lamination. Plant fossils

(sometimes quite carbonacedus) are abundant in

some horizons. The content of bivalve and

cephalopod fossils and t h e greenish t o maroon

weathering of a few sandstones a re strongly

suggestive of marine dominance during at leas t

part of the depositional history of the Panorama

sequence. One part icular bed, noted in several

localities, is quite densely packed with oyster-like

bivalve fossils. The base of t h e Panorama

sequence was not found within the map a rea , but it

is likely in excess of 1 000 met res thick.

4.2.2.2 Groundhog Sequence

The transition into the Groundhog sequence

from t h e Panorama is very gradual. As sandstones

give way t o a greater proportion of siltstone and

claystone, t h e remaining sands a r e thinner ye t

coarser (up t o medium-grained), and the

intervening finer zones begin to contain increasing

quanti t ies of carbonaceous material. The base of

t h e Groundhog sequence is placed near the top of

the thick sandstones just beneath the f i rs t

appreciable (over 0.3 metres) coal seam.

Sandstones at the base of the Groundhog continue

t o be planar cross-bedded with ripple mark,

containing rip-up clasts of si l tstone and plant

fossils, and in addition, may b e slightly micaceous

in the ra re medium-grained beds. With t h e advent

of coal , however, the lithology rapidly changes t o

al ternating claystone and silstone with minor thin

fine-grained sandstones. Fossilized plant

f ragments appear in al l lithologies throughout t h e

Groundhog sequence, and a few sandstone beds

contain abundant bivalve fossils, (though not of t h e

oyster-type seen in the Panorama sequence).

Burrows a r e apparent mostly in t h e lower, thicker

sandstones. A t the t o p of t h e Groundhog sequence,

thick, resistant , medium-grained sandstones

in terrupt the sequence of finer-grained lithologies.

A thin but well-developed granule t o pebble

conglomerate marks the t o p of t h e Groundhog.

A fairly regular cycle of lithologies is seen

t o be established in the Groundhog. There is a

gradational oscillation f rom sil tstone o r

fine-grained sandstone through claystone and

carbonaceous claystone t o coal. The oscillation

has an average period of about 20 m e t r e s through

t h e middle portion of t h e Groundhog. The coal is

generally thin in seams less than 0.5 metres ,

though more than one seam may be present in each

carbonaceous interval , and two seams extend t o

over 2 met res in thickness.

The carbonaceous sediment is grey when

fresh, but a pervasive though relatively small iron

content produces an orangey weathering colour,

which, interspersed with black carbonaceous or

coaly bloom, gives the a rea of the Groundhog

sequence exposure a very character is t ic

appearance. Though quite recessive, the

Groundhog can usually be distinguished from t h e

other recessive sequences with which i t is

associated.

Both top and bottom of the Groundhog

sequence was established in t h e mapped a rea and a

thickness of about 375 metres projected from a

composite section (Appendix 11).

4.2.2.3 Coal Development

As a result of the trenching program, a

to ta l of 8 seams in excess of 0.5 metres , with an

' aggregate thickness of 10.5 m e t r e s a r e interpreted

t o occur within the Groundhog sequence on t h e

property.

Of the eight seams, three seams occurring

in t he middle and upper portion of the sequence a r e

in excess of I metre. The thinnest of the three

seams was not found to be reliably traceable

between exposures of the Groundhog sequence.

The other two, however, could be located with

sufficient consistency tha t they were extrapolated

across all portions of t he licence a rea underlain by

the Groundhog sequence. They comprise the coal

resource in t h e Panorama area .

The upper of the two, called the Currier

seam, ranges in thickness from 1.12 to 3.20 metres,

averaging 2.10 metres, and occurs approximately

120 to 130 met res f rom the top of t he Groundhog

sequence. The lower seam, call the Leach seam,

ranges in thickness from 0.75 t o 2.55 metres,

averaging 1.97 metres, and is developed

approximately 240 t o 260 met res from the top of

the Groundhog sequence.

The "average thickness" of the Currier

seam is calculated from all trenched coal

exposures occurring within the 120 t o 130 metres

range f rom t h e top of t he Groundhog sequence.

The "average thickness" value for the

Leach seam is similarly calculated using all

trenched coal thicknesses in the s t r a t a interval

between 240 and 260 met res f rom the top of the

Groundhog sequence.

These seam thicknesses a r e applied

universally t o both t h e northern and southern

Panorama licence blocks.

As a result of the intense deformation and

t h e lack of exposure, g rea t difficulty was

experienced in tracing the thinner seams over any

distance. Trenches suggest t h a t t h e seams a r e

thicker in the southern block than in the northern

block; however, the apparent thickness di f ference

is probably due to the relatively poor exposures

available in t h e north, and the consequent lack of

trenches.

4.2.2.4 Malloch Sequence

The Malloch sequence is also very

recessively weathering, but lacks the orange-brown

and black colouration of the Groundhog. The

transition between t h e two is gradational, and the

Malloch, l ike the Groundhog, is composed of

interbedded sandstones, siltstones, and claystones

with the finer-grained lithologies dominating. The

Malloch, however, weathers a drab brown rather

than orange. The conglomerate marking the lower

boundary of t h e Malloch is succeeded by several

o ther quite thickly bedded, coarse sands and

granular to pebbly conglomerates in t h e lower third

of the Malloch sequence a s observed on the

property. These cliff-forming units a r e very

resistant and of ten exhibit marked cross-bedding,

which is particularly c lear when defined by pebble

bands in the coarse, sandy intervals.

More typically, t h e Malloch sequence

comprises interbedded sandstone units: a ) grey,

fine, medium-grained, medium t o thickly bedded,

distinctly cross-bedded, 5 t o 10 met res thick, and

b) claystone/siltstone intervals, very recessive with

gradational boundaries, some horizons contain

excellent plant fossils, averaging 20 t o 25 m e t r e s

thick. Many of the plant fossils in the claystone

and si l tstone a r e carbonaceous and ra re

accumulations of unfossilif erous carbonaceous to

coaly mater ia l do occur, but in quite thick zones

and impure development. Thin, discontinuous marl

bands also make a minor contribution t o t h e

Malloch sequence.

The t o p of the Malloch sequence does not

occur within the map a rea so a local thickness

cannot be provided. A minimum of 2 000 metres

may be expected.

4.2.2.5 Rhondda Sequence

The very thick and prominent

conglomerates topping the just described

sedimentary succession, mentioned by both Black

(1968) and Tompson (1970) , do not occur within the

Panorama licence area. The contact between

these conglomerates, here included in a sequence

named the Rhondda, and the Malloch sequence, can

be found just to the northeast of the licence area

on Devil's Claw Mountain. It is surprising that such

a prominently weathering and resistant sequence as

the Rhondda does not have a more extensive

distribution. However, the factors controlling i ts

erosion or non-deposition in the licence area are

not known.

Structure

The structure of the Panorama licence blocks is

dominated by several broad, open synclines with steep

southwesteth limbs, and tighter anticlines. Both large-scale

normal faults and thrust faults have been mapped. Imprinted on

the larger s t ructures a r e numerous, very t ight isoclinal folds

and associated minor faults.

Structures in the northern l icences a r e generally

broader than those in t h e southern licences, where deformation

is more intense. The regional s t r ike forms an a r c trending from

approximately 135' in t h e north t o l l o O in the south.

Deformation is thought t o have occurred during uplift of the

Coast Crystalline Belt in La te Cretaceous and Early Teritary

t i m e (Eisbacher, 1974(b)).

4.3.1 Structural Style

Structural s ty le includes box folds in

addition to the broad folds previously mentioned.

The box folds a r e frequently broken by minor

thrust displacements at t h e box corners. The

major folds trend to the northwest, plunging

approximately 15' with occasional local, rapid

changes. Very intense folding is evident on a

slightly smaller scale. Pairs of isoclinal folds

(recumbent in places) a r e common in Panorama

South ( the southern l icence block). These

' extremely t ight folds become disharmonic with

depth. Associated with the intense deformation is

extensive quar tz veining in f rac tu re fills. These

f r a c t u r e fillings a r e found in all lithologies

including the coal.

The competency of t h e rock type may be

part ial ly controlling t h e folding in t h e a r e a south

of Panorama Creek. The competence of thick

conglomerates in t h e north prevents t h e

tight-folding style t h a t dominates in the southern

a rea where conglomerates a r e lacking.

4.3.2 Panorama South

The major s t ruc tu res in Panorama South

consist of a large anticl ine in t h e western portion

and two broad synforms on e i ther side of Kobes

Creek. Two thrus t faul ts which combine southwest

of Cushing Ridge separa te the two a reas of

Groundhog expsoure.

The major anticl ine exposes Panorama

sequence sediments a t i t s co re and plunges

consistently t o t h e northwest towards the junction

of Panorama Creek and t h e Nass River. In places,

this major fold assumes a box-like configuration

with minor faults in t h e core. The two synforms

consist mainly of the Groundhog sequence and a r e

themselves extensively folded and faulted. Within

t h e synforms a r e t h e most deformed a reas of the

l icence blocks. Dip direction changes rapidy, but

remains fair ly steep; individual beds and seams a r e

difficult to t r a ce laterally despite reasonably good

exposure. The westernmost of t he synforms is

bordered by Grizzly Ridge, while the easternmost

includes Cushing Ridge.

Separating the synforms is a thrust faul t

which dies out in an anticline at Marmot Creek.

Further to the southeast, this fau l t splits into two

thrusts. Displacement along these faults ranges

from 300 to 500 metres.

In addition to the thrust faults and faults

associated with folding, numerous normal faul ts

a r e observed. On Cushing Ridge, normal faults a r e

observed every 50 to 100 met res with

approximately 5 to 10 met res of displacement.

Folding is not associated with these small faults ,

however, the number of quartz-fracture fillings is

quite high.

4.3.3 Panorama North

Deformation in the northern licence block

does not appear t o be a s intense a s t ha t in t he

south. Despite limited outcrop, dips are seen t o

follow consistent trends except for occasional

radical variances. Major structures in the licence

block consist of numerous, relatively shallow folds

and a normal fault.

The shallow folds are continuous over most

of the mapped area in the Malloch Sequence, and

generally plunge to the northwest with only minor,

local changes. One of these folds, an anticline,

exposes the Groundhog sequence in its core just

south of the northern licence area. The normal

fault is between the two licence blocks, and is

defined by a linear northwest-southeast valley

trend.

4.3.4 Regional Structure

Outside the licence area, the general

structure style can be observed at Devil's Claw

Mountain.

The mountain itself is in the centre of a

broad syncline plunging northwest. The fold can be

traced past Mount Beimes to Mount Gunanoot, 40

kilometres away. The plunge changes to the

southeast near Otsi Creek. This fold has a very

steep southwestern limb which is overturned to the

east near Currier Creek where the beds are dipping

70' to the southwest (Appehdix V). The linear

nature of Currier Creek suggests a faul t t r a c e

which may be associated with t h e overturn. The

trend can be followed along s t r ike over 15

kilometres southeast of t h e Currier Creek

headwaters. The fau l t associated with this trend

uplifts t h e Panorama sequence.

Folding appears to be more complex t o the

southwest of t h e broad extensive syncline.

5.0 RESOURCE POTENTIAL

The figure for resource potential, calculated below, is

only intended a s a rough guide to the possible magnitude of t h e

coal resource in the Panorama a rea t ha t may be proved out by a

program of further exploration. The current understanding of

the s t ructure of the a r ea is insufficient to provide a more

meaningful figure.

The resource potential of the Panorama licences is

confined to t he Groundhog Sequence. Although a tota l of 8

seams in excess of 0.5 metres , with an aggregate thickness of

10.5 metres, occur within t he sequence, lack of interpretable

la tera l continuity of the six thinner seams has precluded them

from any resource calculation at this time.

The resource calculation for the property involves only

t h e Currier and Leach seams, averaging 2.10 and 1.97 met res in

thickness respectively.

The figures calculated from the parameters listed in

Table 5.1 a r e shown in millions of tonnes. A value is presented

for each seam in every cross-section. The resource potential is

divided between the two licence blocks a s follows:

Panorama North Currier Seam 45.3 tonnes

Leach Seam 59.5 tonnes

Panorama South Currier Seam 93 tonnes

Leach Seam 124.7 tonnes

Total 322.5 tonnes

TABLE 5.1

TENTATIVE TRENCH CORRELATION*

T r I R R I F R M u3cEuum Trench Coal/Coal + Rock Trench Coal/Coal + Rock

Average Coal t Rock Thickness 2.104

Total Aggregate Average Coal + Rock Thickness = 4.07

* Correlation Based on Stratigraphic Position Only

+ Complete Washability Done

Cross Section

Coal Seam -

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

Currier Leach

TABLE 5.2

PANORAMA RESOURCE POTENTIAL DATA

Seam Thickness (m)

Seam Length (m)

230 980 1090 3420 2020 2310 1080 3300 4470 5610 4400 5870 2950 1750 0 165 970 970 2120 3640 3140 3220

Seam Width (m)

3000 3000 2000 2000 2000 2000 1500 1500 1150 1150 w o 1650 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 3000 3000

Boundary Effect -

0.70 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.95 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0

TOTAL

Specific Gravity

1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.66 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61 1.66 1.61

In Place Raw Coal

h i i l i o n t o m e s '

5.1 Resource Calculat ion Procedure and Paramete r s

The preceeding resource figures were calculated using

the generalized cross-sections (Appendix=). Seam thickness,

length, width, and specific gravity const i tu te t h e basic d a t a f o r

the calculat ion (Table 5.1).

The seam length is t h a t length measured f rom t h e

cross-section, between t h e topographic surface and a ver t ica l

depth of 600 metres. The seam width is t h e distance the coal

seam extends between t h e geologic cross-sections, called t h e

s t r ike length influence. This f igure was usually 2 000 m e t r e s

excep t for t h e f irst and last cross-sections where i t was g r e a t e r

t o account for t h e distance t o t h e property boundary.

In conjunction with t h e section influence is a boundary

e f f e c t a t l icence boundaries and faults . This e f f e c t generally

decreases t h e section influence.

The specific gravity of raw coal was based on the

average raw coal values for t h e two zones. The specific gravity

for t h e Leach seam was 1.61 while t h e specific gravity for the

Currier seam was 1.66.

The Panorama resource was calculated using the

following f ormula:

In Place Raw Coal = Seam Length x Seam Thickness x

Seam Width x Boundary Effect x Specific Gravity

6.0 COAL QUALITY

6.1 Procedures

During the 1980 field program, coal samples were

col lec ted f rom 42 trenches in t h e Panorama area. At t h e end

of the program, t h e samples were sen t t o the laboratory for

analyses as per t h e flow diagram presented in Figure 6.1.

After the 1.5 f loatlsink tests, the results were

reviewed. On t h e basis of (a) t h e coal quali ty indicated by t h e

preliminary analysis, (b) the thickness of t h e coal seams f rom

which t h e samples were taken, and (c) t h e geographic locations

of the trenches; f ive samples were se lec ted for fur ther analysis.

A range of coal quali ty was apparent f rom t h e preliminary

analysis, so samples were chosen t o represent this range. Only

seams thicker than 1.5 m e t r e s were considered and t h e specific

t r enches were chosen such t h a t a good a rea l coverage of the

southern Panorama l icence block was a t ta ined. Four of t h e f ive

se lec ted samples a r e from the Leach seam, while 01369 is f rom

t h e Currier seam on Grizzly Ridge. Sample 01312 was found in

Cushing Creek , samples 01354 was on Grizzly Ridge, sample

01367 was on t h e ridge immediately south of Panorama Creek

and southwest of Ptarmigan Ridge, and sample 01375 was on

Ptarmigan Ridge itself.

Trenching in Panorama North failed t o uncover seams

over 1.5 m e t r e s in thickness.

PANORAMA- SUSTUT TRENCH SAMPLE FLOW SHEET

I r

AIR DRY CRUSH SAWLE . TO 3 1 8 ' RIFFLE 3X

i I

INSTRUCTIONS

RESERVE L + 2 8 MESH

1

RAW HEAD ANALYSIS PROX I MATE . S . SP. G.. CALOR I F I C VALUE. HGI

A

-28 MESH

I F / S a 1.5 PROXIMATE. s. CALORIFIC VALUE. ASH ON SINK

PROX I MATE . S . CALORIFIC VALUE

PROXIMATE. S. CALORIFIC VALUE. SP.G.. H.G.I. PETROGRAPHY ON SELECTED SAWLES

L 1

F/S e 1.4 HOLD FOR PROX I MATE. S. 1.5. 1.6. INSTRUCTIONS CALORIFIC 1.7. 1.8 VALUE ASH 8 CALORIFIC VALUE ON EACH FLOAT

SCREE^ I 00 MESH

I 28 X 100 I 100 X 0

RESERVE L

HOLD FOR INSTRUCTIONS

A

FIG. 6.1

I r 1

F/S e 1.4 1.5. 1.6.

ASH. CALORIFIC VALUE

1.7. 1.8 ASH 8 CALORIFIC VALUE ON EACH FLOAT

OPT I ONAL - - - - - - 1

I HOLD FOR

INSTRUCTIONS

I COMB I NE

1.5. 1.6.

I - - - - - A

I FRACTIONS ,

Washability results for the five selected samples

(Appendix IV) were reviewed and cut points selected for a

simulated clean coal product. The washability results indicated

t h a t a reasonable clean coal product with good BTU values

could be obtained by cleaning the two coarse fractions a t 1.8

specific gravity, and then combining all of the minus 100 mesh

material. At 1.8 specific gravity, the amount of near-gravity

material is substantially less than at t he lower densities,

therefore providing a bet ter separation.

6.2 Results

Coal in the Panorama licence a r ea ranges from

semi-anthracite to low volatile bituminous (Table 6.1). Sample

01375 from the Leach seam may possibly represent a medium

volatile bituminous coal, but t he high moisture content (15.73%)

makes classification difficult. Because all of the samples a r e

from shallow trenches, they a r e most likely oxidized.

The range of BTU values (Table 6.2) is somewhat lower

than t he 12,000 to 14,000 level usually encountered in

Groundhog coals. Moisture values a r e relatively high suggesting

t ha t oxidation of the samples may have significantly reduced

BTU values for the samples taken.

All 'values in the report a r e on an air-dried basis unless

otherwise noted.

Raw coal analyses (Appendix IV) a r e relatively

TABLE 6.1

RAW HEAD ANALYSIS

Ash

Residual Moisture

Volatile Mat ter

Volitile Mat ter (DMMF)

Fixed Carbon

BTU/LB

Sulphur

S.G.

H.G.I.

SIMULATED PRODUCT ANALYSIS

(Cut at 1.8 S.G.)

Yield

Ash

Residual Moisture

Volatile Mat ter

Volatile Mat ter (DMMF)

Fixed Carbon

BTU/LB

Sulphur

S.G.

H.G.I.

Weighted Average for both Curr ier and Leach Seams.

SEAM

Yield

Ash

Residual Moisture

Volatile Matter

Volatile Matter (dmmf)

Fixed Carbon

BTU/LB

Sulphur

Specific Gravity

H.G.I.

Leach 01312

PS-TR-80- 14

94.47%

12.68%

4.25%

14.55%

16.35%

68.52%

11 313

0.38%

1.53

62

Table 6.2

PANORAMA CLEAN COAL ANALYSES'

Leach 01354

PS-TR-80-22

87.40%

8.74%

4.95%

18.37%

20.50%

67.94%

11 436

0.41%

1.51

130

Leach 01367

PS-TR-80-02

76.44%

15.69%

2.90%

10.60%

11.22%

70.81%

11 959

1.02%

1.56

167

Leach 01375

PS-TR-80-07

87.63%

10.58%

8.87%

24.76%

29.91%

55.79%

8 713

0.30%

1.64

104

Leach Seam Average 2

Currier 01369

PS-TR-80-37

77.10%

17.44%

3.59%

15.10%

17.47%

63.87%

10 573

0.52%

1.59

81

I Values on an air-dried basis except where indicated 2 Average weighted by thickness of seams sampled

consistent excep t for sample 01375 (taken f rom the Leach seam

where trenched on Ptarmigan Ridge). This sample is unique in

i t s high moisture content and relatively high volatile content ,

while t h e BTUILB value is substantial ly lower than all t h e o the r

samples.

This coal is t h e most dense of t h e f ive ( i t did not have

any 1.5 float), y e t i t s head ash is lower than t h e average of

20.5%.

Sulphur values a r e reasonably low, averaging less than

0.45% with most values considerably less. The Hardgrove

grindability index values have a wide range f rom 68 t o 137.

Generally, t h e coal in t h e Panorama a r e a is qui te dense,

averaging 1.63 g/cc raw and 1.57 g/cc cleaned a t 1.8 S.G. The

high density is apparent when comparing t h e clean coal yields

(Table 6.2) with t h e 1.5 f loat yields (Appendix IV).

The clean coal results of sample 01375 (Table 6.2) a r e

also considerably di f ferent f rom the other four samples.

Volatiles remain high, a s does residual moisture, while t h e

BTU/LB values remain relatively low. This sample has a

substantial e f f e c t on t h e weighted average values of Table 6.1.

Clean coal sulphur values all increased from the raw

coal analysis, however th is increase was minimal in al l but

sample 01367 (also f rom the Leach seam). Apparently some of

t h e sulphur was found a s organic sulphur in t h e coal ra ther than

the rock partings, particularly in sample 01367.

A comparison between the Panorama results and those

of Tompson et a1 (1977) indicates that the Panorama area

contains coal with substantially higher volatiles than the seams

in the Skeena River Valley. Volatiles in Tompsons' report (1977)

range from 4 to 13% with most samples i n the lower half of the

range, while the Panorama samples range from 6 to 23% with

most samples i n the middle of the range.

The average BTU value reported by Tornpson (1977) is

13 366, considerably higher than found in Panorama.

Other quality variables are consistent between the two

areas. Since the coal i n both areas occupies the same

stratigraphic position, the apparently lower rank of the

Panorama coal may be attributed to the difference in elevation

or perhaps to different sampling procedures.

Further controlled sampling and analysis, perhaps

including petrography, wil l help resolve the questions

concerning Panorama coal rank.

7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

The following recommendations are presented regarding

the Panorama coal licences:

Additional trenching is required to trace the surface

extent of the most economic seams. Additional

trenching would be essential for seam correlation.

Additional mapping in greater detail is required to

further define the stratigraphy and perhaps some

marker horizons. Greater control on the stratigraphy

would assist the structural interpretation.

Preliminary drilling is suggested for future exploration

work.

Dril l ing would:

Provide unweathered samples and hence more accurate

washability data.

Contribute to the stratigraphy and correlation by

refining the stratigraphic column.

Provide more accurate unit and coal zone thickness.

Contribute to the structural knowledge of the area.

Help prove any potential mining situations.

Recommended dri l l sites (Figure 7.1) are as follows:

Location A

This is the one area on the property which appears t o be

relatively undisturbed and, therefore, t h e best location t o

obtain a complete section of the Groundhog sequence.

Location 0

At the present t ime, Cushing Ridge appears to have one of the

most favourable mining situations (cross-section 1000) where a

number of t ight folds, probably faulted, occur within a

topographic high. It is also one of t h e more structurally

complex areas.

Location C

The seams on Grizzly Ridge a r e the thickest found to date on

the licence block. Also, t he a rea is highly deformed which

could concentra te and structurally thicken these seams.

Location D

Good coal exposures are present in Panorama Creek and the

seams appear to be close to t h e surface a s well.

Location E

In the northern licence block, exposure is severely limited.

Drilling in this location would allow utilization of existing

exposure f w control and contribute t o a' stratigraphy for the

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Coal Ulrlrloll

L d i i C A R I ALBERTA


RECOMMENDED DRILLING SITES

northern licences. The coal seams are interpreted to be

relatively close to the surface.

Location F

This location is off the present licence boundary, but is along

the same trend as Location E. Due to the almost total lack of

exposure here, drilling is required to prove the continuation of

the Groundhog sequence.

f) The geological mapping undertaken during the 1980

Panorama project has provided reasonable control of

the stratigraphy and structure of the coal-bearing

Groundhog sequence. On the basis of this mapping,

there appears to be no outcrop of the Groundhog

sequence within licences 5500, 5501, and 5504. These

licences could, therefore, be surrendered i f desired.

g) I f i t is desirable to control the ground where the

Groundhog sequence outcrops, the acquisition of six

additional licences is recommended (Figure 7.2). The

licences extend southeast from the southeast corner of

the northern licence block. Interpretation of the 1980

results suggest the Groundhog sequence may outcrop as

a shallow anticline along this trend. This interpretation

is supported by coal exposed (PN-TR-80-04) along this

very recessive trend. The acquiiition will allow Gulf

Canada Resources Inc. to control most, if not all, of the

major coal-bearing units i n the immediate area.

LICENCES FOR ACQUISITION

LICENCES TO BE SURRENDERED

5468 LICENCE NUMBER

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Coal "lrlrlan

CALGARY ALBERT&


LICENCE REVISIONS

8.0 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

BLACK, J.M., 1968, Groundhog Coal Survey, Report Written for Dillingham Corporation on Ground Held By Coastal C w l Co. Ltd.

BUCKHAM, A.F. and LATOUR, B.A., 1950, The Groundhog Coal Field, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 16, 81 P&

EISBACHER, G.H., 1974(a), Deltaic Sedimentation in the Northeastern Bowser Basin, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 73-33, 13 pg.

, 1974(b), Evolution of Successor Basins in the Canadian Cordillera of British Columbia; in Society of Economic Paleantologists & Mineralogists, SpeciaT Volume No. 19, pg. 274 - 291.

, 1976, Successor Basins of the Western Cordillera, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 76-1, Pt. A, pg. 113 - 116.

MALLOCH, G.S., 1912, The Groundhog Coalfield, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report.

RICHARDS, T.A. and GILCHRIST, R.D., 1979, Groundhog Coal Area, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 79-1, Par t B, pg. 41 1 - 414.

TOMPSON, W.D., JENKINS, D.M., and ROPER, M.W., 1970, Exploration of t he Groundhog Coalfield, Upper Skeena River Area, British Columbia, Report t o Joint Venture: National Coal Corporation Ltd., Placer Development Ltd., Quintana Minerals Corporation.

, 1977, Geology of the Groundhog Coalfield, Upper Skeena River Area, British Columbia, for: B.C. Hydro and Power Authority.

APPENDIX I

LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF LICENCES

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT LICENCES 1980

Licence Date No. - Issued Hectares

5484 November 5/79 284 5485 5486 5487

5488 5489 5490 549 1 5492 5493 5494 5495 5496 5497 5498 5499 5500

5501 5502

5511 5512 5513 5514 5515 5516 5517 55 I8 5519 5520

5503 5504

5505 5506 5507 5508 5509 5510

TOTAL

Jl/cbb 80-12-16

Land Description Series Block Units

Final Application Initial Application

25, 26, 35, 36 PTN 27, 28, 37, 38 29, 30, 39, 40 45, 46, 55, 56 PTN 47, 48, 57, 58 49, 50, 59, 60

APPENDIX I1

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE SCHEMATIC SECTION

. -

0 JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE

- interbedded fine to medium qroined sondstonr. siltstone and cloystone through most of thr sequence with very well pr rsr rved plont fossils and minor corbonocwus to cooly zones, crosa- bedded conqlomarotes to pebbly rands neor bore.

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE

- interbedded thin , fine qroinrd sandstone, siltstone . doystone and cool with abundant plont fossils, o few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous corbonoceous zones in cloystonrs and adjocenf t o the cool.

0 JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbrdded thick, fine-qroined sondstone, siltstone ond cloystone with crosr- beds, ripple - marks , plant fossils. and marine b i w l v e ond cepholopod fossils.

- - - - ...... GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY : (defined, opproaimote , inferred

---------- COAL ZONE

+- - -- ANTICLINE: (defined, opprorlimote)

+ - -- SYNCLINE : (defined , opproximotr)

+ ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE : (ovr r turned)

w vv THRUST FAULT : ( defined , approximate, inferred) '

ptt FAULT : (circle on downthrow side)(defined,opprmiqote,inferred

' tu rned)


h CALOARV AL8II)TA


GEOLOGY M A P

SANDSTONE - FlNE GRAINED, WlTH OCCASIONAL SILTSTONE INTERBEDS, GREY, THlCK BEDDED, SOME RIP UP CLASTS.

SILTSTONE - OCCASIONAL CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS. BROWN TO ORANGE BROWN.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAIN. OCCASIONAL PEBBLE BANDS

CLAYSTONE - CARBONACEOUS I N PLACES. POORLY EXPOSED. MALLOCH SEQUENCE . . . . . . . "0.4.9.,0:0. C - C - c - p - C -c-C

- C- C - CONGLOMERATE - MEDIUM GRAINED SANDSTONE MATRIX

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE

SILTSTONE - WITIH INTERBEDDED CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS I N PLACES. DARK GREY TO BLACK. OCCASIONAL ORANGE WEATHERING

SILTSTONE - SOME F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE, DARK BROWN TO GREY, TH lN BEDDED.

SILTSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED SANDSTONE I N CENTRE OF SECTION, CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS THROUGHOUT. DARK GREY TO BROWN, WEATHERS ORANGE I N PLACES. SANDSTONE I N CENTRE HAS SALT A N D PEPPER APPEARANCE WlTH CLAYSTONE CLASTS. POORLY EXPOSED NEAR TOP.

SI LTSTONE - FREQUENT CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS, CARBONACEOUS, OCCASIONAL F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE INTERBEDS. GREY TO BROWN, TH lN BEDDED. UP TO 4 COAL SEAMS, 2 OF WHICH ARE APPROXIMATELY 1 In.

SI LTSTONE - OCCASIONAL F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE INTERBEDS. GREY BROWN,LAMINATED TO TH lN BEDDED. POORLY EXPOSED.

CLAYSTONE - CARBONACEOUS, OCCASIONAL SILTSTONE INTERBEDS. DARK BROWN TO BLACK, TH lN BEDDED, RECESSIVE, COAL SEAM UP TO 2.0 m. MINOR SEAM PRESENT AS WELL.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED, SOME FlNE GRAINED. CLAYSTONE I N M I D SECTION, CARBONACEOUS. BROWN-GREY, TH lN BEDDED. RECESSIVE I N M I D SECTION.

CLAYSTONE - OCCASIONAL SILTSTONE INTERBEDS. CARBONACEOUS OR S lLTY I N PLACES, BROWN-GREY OR ORANGE. MINOR COAL UP TO 0.5 m. RECESSIVE.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED, BROWN-GREY, THlCK BEDDED. SOME CLAYSTONE CLASTS, RESISTANT.

CLAYSTONE - FINE GRAINED SANDSTONE A N D SILTSTONE INTERBEDS. TH lN BEDDED, BROWN, ORANGE TO GREY. TH lN COAL SEAMS AVG .65 m.

CLAYSTONE - *SILTSTONE AND F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE INTERBEDS, CROSS LAMINATED. GREY TO ORANGE BROWN. RECESSIVE. POORLY EXPOSED.

CLAYSTONE - SILTSTONE A N D FINE GRAINED SANDSTONE INTERBEDS. GREY TO BROWN, TH lN BEDDED, RECESSIVE. POORLY EXPOSED. MINOR COAL < 0.3 rn.

CLAYSTONE - SILSTONE INTERBEDS. MINOR COAL SEAMS UP TO 0.5 m. POORLY EXPOSED.

SANDSTONE - MAINLY F lNE GRAINED WlTH OCCASIONAL SILTSTONE AND CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS. LIGHT BROWN TO GREY, TH lN TO MEDIUM BEDDED. RECESSIVE.

CLAYSTONE - SlLTY I N PLACES. COAL UP TO 2.3 m CLAYSTONE IS BROWNTO RUSTY BROWN. VERY RECESSIVE.

CLAYSTONE - FREQUENT INTERBEDS OF MEDIUM GRAINED SANDSTONE WlTH SILTSTONE LAMINATIONS NEAR TOP. BROWN TO RUST BROWN, TH lN TO

' MEDIUM BEDDED. VERY RECESSIVE AND POORLY EXPOSED.

CLAYSTONE - OCCASIONAL LIGHT BROWN ZlLTSTONE INTERBEDS AND MEDIUM GRAINED. ORANGE-BUFF SANDSTONE NEAR CENTRE THIN BEDDED. 3 COAL SEAMS RANGING IN ' THICKNESS FROM .I - .8 m.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED CLAYSTONE LAMINATIONS, THlCK BEDDED, SOME CROSS BEDDING. BROWN TO GREY

SILTSTONE - WlTH INTERBEDDED F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE, CLAYSTONE A N D TH lN COAL A T BASE, CLAYSTONE CAN BE CARBONACEOUS TO DARK GREY. BROWN TO ORANGE BROWN. SANDSTONE CONTAINS LENTICULAR SILTSTONE, THIN BEDDED, MODERATELY RECESSIVE.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED WlTH TH lN INTERBEDS OF SILTSTONE AND VERY F lNE GRAINED SANDSTONE. BROWN TO ORANGE BROWN, MEDIUM TO THlCK BEDDED NEAR TOP, TH lN BEDDED NEAR BASE, SILTSTONE BANDS ARE LENTICULAR.

CLAYSTONE - SILTY I N PLACES, OCCASIONAL THIN SANDSTONE INTERBEDS. DARK BROWN. UP TO 2 TH lN (.3 nil COAL SEAMS. RECESSIVE.

SILTSTONE - OCCASIONAL SANDSTONE AND CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS. SANDY A T TOP. CARBONACEOUS WlTH COALY WISPS AND A TH lN COAL SEAM (.4 m), DARK GREY TO BROWN AND RUST. GENERALLY TH lN BEDDED A N D FLAGGY.

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE

PANORAMA SEQUENCE SANDSTONE - FlNE GRAINED WlTH TH lN UNITS OF MEDIUM

AND COARSE GRAINED,SILTSTONE A N D CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS. GREY BROWN, TH lN TO THICI<LY BEDDED RESISTANT. RIPPLE MARKS COMMON, OCCASIONAL CROSS BEDDING.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM AND FlNE GRAINED WlTH CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS AND VERY TH lN COAL SEAMS . . - - - - - (AVERAGE . I rn). GENERALLY TH lN BEDS. OCCASIONAL PELECYPOD BEDS. RECESSIVE.

SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED, COARSENING TOWARDS TOP. GREY BROWN TO ORANGE. MEDIUM BEDDED. THINNER BEDS A T TOP, CROSS BEDS NEAR BASE, RESISTANT.

SANDSTONE - M A I N L Y MEDIUM GRAINED WlTH OCCASIONAL 4 SILTY CLAYSTONE BEDS. GREY TO BROWN.

MEDIUM TO THICKLY BEDDED WlTH SOME TH lN BEDDED UNITS. MODERATELY RESISTANT.

CLAYSTONE - SlLTY I N PLACES, D A R K GREY-BROWN. TH lN BEDDED. RECESSIVE.

SANDSTONE - SILTY A T BASE, MEDIUM GRAINED, COARSE GRAINED A T TOP. GREY TO BROWN. MEDIUM TO THlCK BEDDED, TH lN BEDDED A T BASE. SI LTSTONE RIP-UP CLASTS.

KEY

d . 0 .a. CONGLOMERATE CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE

SANDSTONE -COARSE GRAINED . . [-q PLANT FOSSl LS . . 1 SANDSTONE - MEDIUM GRAINED

SANDSTONE - FlNE GRAINED . . .

lvvvI SHELL FOSSILS

1-7 CONCRETIONS

S lLTY CLAYSTONE 1 RMI RIPPLE MARKS

CLAYSTONE - -- I! CROSS BEDDING

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Coal Division

ALBERTA I

GENERALIZED STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION

OF THE GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE

P A N O R A M A C O A L P R O J E C T

PREPARED BY: J.M. DUFORD

APPROVED BY: DATE: SEPT. 1980

-- SCALE

DRAW1 NG No, PN-80-001

APPENDIX V

GEOLOGY MAPS AND CROSS-SECTIONS (1:50 000)

APPENDIX VI

TRAVERSE LOCATION MAP

M.N.

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. . - Pubmd1950. . Converted from 163.360 to l:M,MX) without nuision, b i the Surveys and Mappine Branch, LlepartrneITtof Energy. Mines and Resources. Ottawa, in 1971. -

PANORAMA CREEK AREA TRAVERSE LOCATION MAP

W i e s may oeobtalned from the Map Distribution Mlka. Department of Energy. M n n end Resources. Onsws.

)RAWN W: DATE: DRAWING No.

n- an

I VPROVED BY:. DATE:

APPENDIX VU

TRENCH LOCATION MAP

Compiled LgMc TopO@aphikdl Survsy in 1949 hn l pho-phs taken in 19 by the oyal kI.9dian Air Fom.

Converted from 163.360 to 1:50.000 withoutievision, by the Suwevs and Mapping Branch. Department of Energy.

Copies may be obtained from the Map Distribution W e . ' Department of Energy. Mines and Resources Ottawa.

LEGEND ROADS AND REUTED FEATURES WIP UI*FACf. ALL WEATHER ............................ e LOOQ W W X L , --- U I I T T I U U . ~ R I I O * D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ----- m u L . C U T U I . m A M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -------- <7..:.,

Um.T.W UU L:..... _ _ I

UILWAV, M O E lla*o, S l A m . nOr ............................ --* - - IUUY DME. A w c n n w a E a .I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

UNDMARK FEATURES KLIrnE. URN . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DCIMU,rnmc . . . . . . . . . . 1 I

COITW C U . . . . . .P

W.TQUL m n e mwm rm. nunn . WeLL OIL. O M 0

T I Y OK.(u.oLM. WATER . ..................................

TEL- L M l * . L l * L L

....................................................... L Y

Y X - ............................................................

QITR(O.EYU*IYWT ....................................... - , . 'lllllltll'

OllnL m . .GP: .....................................................

BOUNDARIES AND SURVEY CONTROL W n l W n a Y L . CI IOYII*YL.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .c,,U)M"Y(UYWT - - - ----a mm.omcr. - - - - - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.................................

w m * n A L WlMI COll ...................................

YW U A l r r W l l n E L N A l K N ...............................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . w T L L w A 7 K m MHm: LAIC-, WATER

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DRAINAGE AND RELATED FEATURES m E W . r o l E L l V E I * D C M

O I R I C r n or * L a . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U T E . I * T E M T m N l U T L

? L O m D UIO

mm. w w (wocoE0) .................................. ..............................

....................................... m" l l M R . L D mn CwnrrLs

M: A m . YI WATER

..................................

m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RELIEF FEATURES - -mmT€ CoNXUm ....................................

............. M.yo( WT E L N A ~ . * ~ C I O X I Y * ~ O O l T W R ........................................ UIO. WAIFR

............................................................ CIW)

M. WDU.

l O O D l D U I

T.N. -

commmo m tm

SCALE

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. cod w o n

CALGARY ALBERTA

PANORAMA CREEK AREA TRENCH LOCAT IONS

DRAWN BY: DATE: . SCALE I 50,000

PREPARED BY: J. INN IS DRAWING No. ~~.

APPROVED BY: DAT~: Pn- 80-049 FJLE No.

APPENDIX VIll

BASE MAP PREPARATION PROCEDURE

HARDY ASSOCIATES CIS781 LTD. CONSULTING ENGINEERING & PROFESSIONAL SERVICES

FMe N o

December 21, 1979

C A L G A R Y OFFICE (MAIN1

Gulf Resources Canada Inc. 401 Ninth Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 3C5

2 1 9 - 1 8 t h S T R E E T S E. C A L G A R Y . A L B E R T A T 2 E 6J5 T E L E P H O N E : (403) 2 7 2 ~ 8 7 6 1 T E L E X N O . 0 3 ~ 8 2 6 7 1 7

Attention: Mr. Brian Flynn

Dear Sir:

Re: Reconnaissance Type photogrammetric Mapping of the Sustut and Panorama Project Areas

In reference to our meeting in your office with yourself and Mr. G.D. Childs, we are pleased to submit the following proposal to satisfy your photogrammetric mapping requirements on the above two project areas.

To obtain the 1:10 000 approximate scale reconnaissance type photogrammetric mapping with a 10 metre form line interval, we propose the following procedures:

1) We will obtain from the Federal Government photography and diapositives covering the Sustut Project at the approximate scale of 1:72 000; and we will obtain from the British Columbia Government the set of contact prints and diapositives for the Panorama Project at the approximate scale of 1:63 000.

2) For control in the above mapping, we shall utilize existing data, i.e. Government monuments and locations providing they are photo identifiable, and survey control from existing NTS maps.

3) Prior to mapping, we will carry out aerial triangulation and numerical adjustment for both project areas.

GEOTECHNICAL. MATERIALS & METhLL l IRG lCAL ENGINEERING - ENVIRONMENTAL, M A T I IHIALS Pi C l i i M l C h L S(:I'Nl:ES

CALGARY DAWSON CREEK EDMONTON LETHBRIDGE PRINCE GEORGE RED DEER WlNNlPFG VANCOIJVER

Gulf Resources Canada Inc. Page 2 December 21, 1979

4 ) Mapping will be carried out on our first and second order stereo plotter instruments and we will submit to you, as an end product, pencil manuscripts showing the approximate position of UTM grids and all necessary details as specified for this type of reconnaissance mapping by the CAAS.

Production of this type of reconnaissance mapping is very economical and may be accomplished within a short period of time. However, the mapping will only be as accurate as existing data and their photo identifiability. In other words, the relative elevation between form lines will be good but absolute elevation differences for the whole property, plus the scale, will not be exact or as reliable as if special survey had been carried out for the project. The map, therefore, is only a reconnaissance type map which can only be used as a tool during the field geology, but cannot be used for detailed evaluation or engineering feasibility studies, etc.

The entire Sustut area will be mapped photogrammetrically, as aforementioned, and the maps will be produced on irregular sheet sizes on reproducible cronoflex sheets. However, the Panorama area which is outlined and marked number 10 on the 1:250 000 map sheets will be mapped photogrammetrically and the area between the two blocks will be mapped by enlarging the existing 1:50 000 map sheets to the 1:10 000 scale and hand interpolate 50 metre form lines and trace all other details. For both areas, the extent of the maps and mapping area is shown on the Appendix maps.

We estimate that producing both maps could take as long as 3 1/2 to 4 months of which 2 months would be spent obtaining necessary data, material, and carrying out aerial triangulation and numerical adjustments. It is our understanding that no photo reproduction, enlargements or re- ductions will be carried out by our organization, but that

c3 HARDY ASSOCIATES I19781 LTD.

Gulf Resources Canada Inc. Page 3 December 21, 1979

this will be taken care of by your company in accordance with our specifications.

It is also our understanding that you may require ortho photos for both the above properties. For the ortho photos, we suqgest we utilize the diapositives produced by us and controlled for the mapping. The ortho photos should be produced at the approximate scale of 1:20 000 (end product would not be good at the 1:10 000 approximate scale because of the 7 X enlargement) on the individual model basis. All photo reproduction in connection with the ortho photos should be carried out by your organization. To relate the ortho photos to the line map, we suggest the following procedures:

Obtain the original ortho photo negatives and Gulf will enlarge them to 1:20 000.

Reduce manuscripts of the line map to 1:20 000 (some of the lines such as intermediate contours may not reproduce very well because the original is only pencil).

By fitting ortho photo negatives by their control points on the line map, the grids should be transferred onto the negatives.

From the above negatives, screen cronoflex positives on photographic paper prints should be produced as an end product.

If you should require a composite and ortho photos to be made from the line map, we strongly re- commend that the line map should be redrafted for better reproduction purposes prior to the production of the composite map.

We also discussed the possibility of transferring the geological interpretation onto the line map using a photogrammetric method. It is quite possible and we suqgest, some test models should

, ASSOCIATES I'l97S1 L m

V'

Gulf Canada Resources Inc. Page 4 December 21, 1979

be done as soon as the field work is completed. We feel that photo geological interpretation could be extended during the plotting phase of the above, if needed, on the geological overlay.

FEE SCHEDULE:

1. To provide aerial triangulation and numerical adjustment to cover both project areas and to produce the above reconnaissance photogrammetric mapping at the approximate scale of 1:10 000 with 10 metre form line intervals as shown on the appendix maps:

OUR ESTIMATED FEE: $26,000.

The above fee will include the manual interpretation of the enlarged 1:50 000 map to cover the area between two blocks No. 10 on the Panorama Project, the end pr~duct on manuscripts on the reproducible cronoflex sheets as discussed in the attached proposal.

2. To provide ortho photo negatives from existing photograph at the same scale as the photography, our fee will be $120 per model, (please note that all photo reproductions will be done by Gulf Canada Resources Inc.

We thank you for the opportunity of submitting the above proposal and cost estimate. We look forward to hearing from you in the near future.

Yours truly,

HARDY ASSPCIATES (1978) LTD.

J. ~&de, C.C. Director, Mapping Section

JK: bc

S.W. m$ N.E.

2 0 0 0

1900

1 8 0 0

1 7 0 0

1 6 0 0

1 5 0 0

1 4 0 0

1 3 0 0

1 2 0 0

1100

1000

900

8 0 0

7 0 0

6 0 0

5 0 0

4 00

3 00

2 00

100

0

J K m MALLOCH SEQUENCE - interbedded fine to medium grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant foss i l s and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross - bedded conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.

I 1 JK9 GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, f ine -gra ined sandstone, siltstone,

claystone and coal wi th abundant p lant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous zones i n c loystones and adjacent t o the coal.

JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, f ine -grained sandstone,

s~ l ts tone and claystone with cross - beds, ripple -marks, plant fossils, and marine bivalve and cephalopod fossils.


CALGARY A L B E R T A

P A N O R A M A COAL PROJECT

GENERALIZED CROSS SECTION * P 20000

'REPARED BY: J . I??FJIS

4PPROVED BY: DATE: NOV., 1 8 0

SCALE 1 : 10,000

DRAWING No.

CONGLOMERATE

SANDSTONE .. . I- .SILTSTONE

CLAYSTONE

CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE

PANORAMA GEOLOGIC LE

n. - 3 0 K C7 a z 0 JJKg

W W

COAL - Y w

MAP iGEND

SILTY CLAYSTONE

FOSSILS

MALLOCH SEQUENCE - interbedded fine t o medium grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross-bedded conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.

JKP

I

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone,

claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous zones in clavstones and adiacent t o the coal.

GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

------------- COAL ZONE

+4 - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate) +-+ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate) *+ ANTICLINE ANDSYNCLINE: (overturned)

THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred)

T T T - FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined, approximate, inferred)

. 7 4- DIP A N 0 STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

+ @ BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

-P -70 0 0 CROSS SECTION LOCATION

PS-TR-80-02 TRENCH LOCATION . f - - - - f FAULT: (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM

LAKE

SAND -

TREE LlNE -v.- L --I

FORM LINES ='000-

- 1 o 5 B - i DEPRESSION FORM LlNE

SPOT HEIGHT 2: 1012

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARY ROAD

TRACK

TRAIL - - . . . . . . . CUT LlNE

RAILROAD

BUILDING 5 - 0

COAL LICENCE m

SURVEY NOTE SURVEY CONTROL TAKEN FROM EXISTING

PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID A'ND GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1 : 10,000

A 104 P A N O R A M A A R E A

INDEX MAP

PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone with cross-beds, ripple-marks, plant fossils, and marine bivalve and cephalopod fossils.


CALGARY ALBERTA


GEOLOGY

M A P A - 2 'REPARED BY: J. M. DUFORD ]SCALE I : 10,000

4PPROVED BY: DATE: DEC. 1980 ~DRAW~NGNO. Pn. 80-061

. - - - - ......I. I GEC ILOGICAL BOUND I: (defined, approximate, inferred)

------------- COAL ZONE

4 4 7 - 3 - ANTICLINE: (defined. approximate)

+-$ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate) *+- ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)

8- -- f 7 THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred)

- FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined, approximate, inferred) T T T . 7 3- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

+ a3 BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

- P -7 0 0 0 CROSS SECTION LOCATION

. P S - T R - 8 0 - 0 2 TRENCH LOCATION

f - - - - f FAULT: (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER -

. ,

I

STREAM .---

LAKE

SAND - LZxz-; TREE LlNE

-'DOO- FORM LINES -tom-

DEPRESSION FORM LlNE c 7 3 SPOT HEIGHT w 1012

MAIN ROAD

-

- P - P

PANORAMA MAP GEOLOGIC LEGEND

b JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE - interbedded fine t o medium grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross-bedded

P conglomerates t o pebbly sands near base.

2 0 CT 0 0 JKs

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE a - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, z w claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few W

COAL bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous

CONGLOMERATE % zones in claystones and adiacent to the coal.

SECONDARY ROAD

TRACK

T R A I L . . . . . . . . .

CUT LlNE

SANDSTONE . . SILTY CLAYSTONE

SILTSTONE pFq , FOSSILS

RAILROAD -

0 JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone,

] CLAYSTONE

BUILDING 3 O r I

COAL LICENCE 1 5857

FORM LlNE INTERVAL 10 METRES

t ripple-marks. plant fossils, and marine bivalve

CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE and cephalopod fossils.

siltstone and claystone with cross-beds,


PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY

&

MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID A N D GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1: 10,000

0 l /a 1 /4 1/2 3/4 MILE

I I

P A N O R A M A A R E A , ,

INDEX MAP


CALGARY ALBERTA I w


GEOLOGY

MAP A - 3 'REPARED BY: J.M. DUFORD \SCALE I : 10,000

rPPROVED BY: DATE: DEC. 1980 ]DRAWING No. Pn. 8 0 - 0 6

- . . . . . . . . . GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

+-4 - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate)

+-$ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate) ' '

- -Ar ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)

I

4- 17 THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred)

- T T 0 FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined, approximate, inferred)

'7 -4- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

-+ a3 BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

TRENCH LOCATION 4 ' k

5

$ 1

f - - - - f FAULT: (movement undefined) I\ \ \\ ' ,

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM

LAKE

SAND '7--,vy ,Y

TREE L lNE LA- m->, F ,000 -

F O R M LINES - / o n --,

DEPRESSION FORM LINE C--7'77-3 SPOT HEIGHT x 1012

M A I N R O A D

SECONDARY R O A D

TRACK

T R A I L - - - - - - - - .

CUT L lNE - -

R A I L R O A D . A m - C

BUILDING 3 0 g

COAL LICENCE E Z T - F O R M LlNE I N T E R V A L 10 METRES

SURVEY NOTE SURVEY CONTROL T A K E N F R O M EXISTING ,

PHOTO IDENTIF IABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS A N D N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED O N UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR G R I D A N D GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1: 10,000

0 100 200 400 6 0 0 800 IOOO METERS --

E E E F

A I 1 56O30'

lo4 P A N O R A M A A R E A



CALGARY ALBERTA I [ I JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE

- interbedded fine to medium grained sandstone, siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross-bedded conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.

PANORAMA C O A L . PRO J ECT

GEOLOGY GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone,

claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous zones in claystones and adiacent to the coal. 1 CONGLOMERATE COAL MAP B - I

1 SANDSTONE 1 SILTY CLAYSTONE t i

PREPARED BY: J. M. DUFORD SCALE 1 : 10,000

APPROVED BY: DATE: DEC. 1980 DRAWING No. Pn. 80- 06: JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone.

1-1 SILTSTONE .. .. .. pTv FOSSILS

CLAYSTONE siltstone and clays.tone with cross-beds, .

ripple-marks, plant fossils, and marine bivalve 1 CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE and cephalopod fossils.

I

GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

CONGLOMERATE .COAL

0 . . SANDSTONE SILTY CLAYSTONE

I, Sl LTSTONE FOSSILS

CLAYSTONE


P conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.

3 -

0 LT 0 GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE a - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, z w claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few YI Y bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous V) zones in claystones and adjacent to the coal.

JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone with cross-beds.

t ripple-marks, plant fossils, and marine bivalve and cephalopod fossils.

COAL ZONE

* ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate)

SYNCLINE: (defined. approximate)

ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)

THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred) .. ,

FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined, approximate, inferred)

DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

CROSS SECTION LOCATION

TRENCH LOCATION

FAULT : (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM .---

LAKE

SAND -

TREE LINE c4x> FORM LINES

- 1 0 0 0 -

;,om- DEPRESSION FORM LlNE <- SPOT HEIGHT x 1012

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARY ROAD

TRACK

TRAIL

CUT LlNE

RAILROAD , ' BUILDING' 3 m g

COAL LICENCE m I, FORM LINE INTERVAL 10 METRES

' \

I

SURVEY NOTE . 3 ' - - . - SURVEYCONTROL TAKEN FROM EXISTING

PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY

GRID AND GEODETIC DATUM

SCALE : 1: 10,000

0 1 /d I I 4 1/2 3/4 MILE

1 I

GEOLOGY

MAP B - 2 PREPARED BY: J.M. DUFORD SCALE I: l0,OOO . . - ~ ~ ~~ ~- ~

APPROVED BY: DATE: DEC. I ~ ~ O ~ D R A W I N G No. Pn. 80-06

- - - - ..-...... GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

------ ------- COAL ZONE

+-4 - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate)

+-f - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate)

e* ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)

'7 f 7 THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred)

T T T FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined. approximate, inferred)

7 -4- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

+ 03 BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal) ,

PS-TR-80-02 TRENCH LOCATION

t - - - - f FAULT: (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM ---- LAKE

SAND -

TREE LlNE -~?-rr LA--,,, r r 0 0 0 -

FORM DEPRESSION LINES FORM LINE < 7 3 ;,om-

SPOT HEIGHT W 1012

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARV ROAD

TRACK

CONGLOMERATE COAL

0 . . SANDSTONE SILTY CLAYSTONE

SILTSTONE wl' FOSSILS

CLAYSTONE



A JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE

- interbedded fine to medium grained sandstone, siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with ver$ well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross-bedded conglomerates t o pebbly sands near base.

GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone.

claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous zones in claystones and adjacent to the coal.

PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone, .


TRAIL . - - - - - - . .

CUT LlNE

RAILROAD

BUILDING 3 - 0

COAL LICENCE r FORM LlNE INTERVAL 10 METRES


PHOTOIDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID AND GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1: 10,000

0 I /a I M 1/2 3/4 MILE

I I

o 100 200 rm sm ew ~mo METERS

R : ; : : 4

P A N O R A M A A R E A INDEX MAP


I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I GEOLOGY

MAP B-3 ~ ~ -~

PREPARED BY: J. M. DUFORD 1 SCALE I : 10,000

APPROVED BY: DATE: DEC. . I980 IDRAWING NO. Pn. 80-065

- - - - ...._._.... GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

------------- COAL ZONE

$ - - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate) +-+ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate)

-+k ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)


T T T FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined,>pproximate, inferred)

--r -4- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

--I-- d3 BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

11 PS - T R - 8 0 - 0 2 TRENCH LOCATION

f - - - - f FAULT : (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM

LAKE

SAND -

TREE LlNE -rvr?? LA- - * d 2 ~

-1OQo- FORM LINES -/om--,

DEPRESSION FORM LlNE L 7 3 SPOT HEIGHT

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARWROAD

TRACK

TRAIL

CUT LlNE

RAILROAD

BUILDING

COAL LICENCE w FORM LlNE INTERVAL 10 METRES


PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID AND GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1 : 10,000

0 100 200 400 600 8 00 IOOO METERS 1

P A N O R A M A A R E A INDEX MAP I

I



f-3 Guif

CALGARY ALBERTA I w [I JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE - interbeclded fine to medium grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coaly zones, cross-bedded conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.

PANORAMA C O A L PROJECT

GEOLOGY + GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone,

claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous qarbonaceous zones in claystones and adiacent to the coal.

mI CONGLOMERATE COAL MAP C- l v] .. . , . SANDSTONE PREPARED BY: J.M. DUFORD SCALE I : 10,000

[ J JKP PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone,


[-I .. .. .. Sl LTSTON E FOSSILS 4PPROVED BY: DATE: D E C . 1980 DRAWING No. Pn. 80-06e

[=z-] CLAYSTONE

1 CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE

pd CONGLOMERATE

SANDSTONE . . SILTSTONE .. .. CLAYSTONE


JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE - interbedded fine t o medium grained sandstone,

siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence t with very well preserved plant fossils and minor

carbonaceous t o coaly zbnes, cross-bedded

n conglomerates t o pebbly sands near base. 3 0 LT

, u 1 JKs GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE Q - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, z w claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils. a few W Y bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous

COAL V) zones in claystones and adiacent to the coal.

SILTY CLAYSTONE I

FOSSILS PANORAMA SEQUENCE - interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone, -

siltstone and claystone with cross-beds, rioole-marks. ~ l a n t fossils. and marine bivalve

- - - - ...------ GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

------------- COAL ZONE

+4 - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate) +-+ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate) ,+ -4- ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)


T T T FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined. approximate, inferred)

7 4- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

+ @ BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

TRENCH LOCATION

f - - - - f FAULT : (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER - STREAM ----

LAKE

SAND -

< -"-.- TREE LINE Ld-"<>,

-iOQo- -

FORM LINES ;,om- DEPRESSION FORM LlNE - SPOT HEIGHT Y 1012

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARY ROAD

TRACK

TRAIL - - . . . . .

CUT LlNE

RAILROAD -- BUILDING 5 -13

COAL LICENCE m FORM LlNE INTERVAL 10 METRES


PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR GRID AN0 GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1 : 10,000

0 100 200 4W 6 W 800 IKCa METERS

I : : ; ; ! 1


GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC Coal Dwision

CALGARY ALBERTA I


GEOLOGY

MAP C-2 'REPARED BY: J. M. DUFORD SCALE I: 10,000

iPPROVED BY: DATE: DEC.1980 \DRAWING No. Pn. 80-06

CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE I

and cephalopod fossils. r

- II CI - .**.....I GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: (defined, approximate, inferred)

-+ - ANTICLINE: (defined, approximate) -+ - SYNCLINE: (defined, approximate)

-4- ANTICLINE AND SYNCLINE: (overturned)

1 7 7 THRUST FAULT: (defined, approximate, inferred)

- T FAULT: (circle on downthrow side) (defined, approximate, inferred)

--r -1)- DIP AND STRIKE: (bedding overturned)

d @ BEDDING: (vertical, horizontal)

-P-700 CROSS SECTION LOCATION

TRENCH LOCATION

f - - - - . - f FAULT : (movement undefined)

LEGEND

RIVER

STREAM LAKE

SAND

TREE LlNE - - logo -7 FORM LINES - /OSb ----,

DEPRESSION FORM LlNE LT3 SPOT HEIGHT Y I012

MAIN ROAD

SECONDARY ROAD

TRACK

TRAIL - - - - - - - .

CUT LlNE - - -- -

RAILROAD -C--

BUILDING' 3 O C ~

COAL LICENCE 1 5857

FORM LlNE INTERVAL 10 METRES . ' . SURVEY NOTE

SURVEY CONTROL TAKEN FROM EXISTING PHOTO IDENTIFIABLE GOVERNMENT SURVEY MONUMENTS AND N.T.S. MAPS. MAPPING IS BASED ON UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR I

GRID AND GEODETIC DATUM.

SCALE : 1: 10,000

0 100 200 400 . -- 600 -

8 00 IOOO METERS I 1 I - I I 1


PANORAMA MAP GEOLOGIC LEGEND GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC.

Coal Division CALGARY ALBERTA I] JKm MALLOCH SEQUENCE

- interbedded fine to medium grained sandstone, siltstone and claystone through most of the sequence with very well preserved plant fossils and minor carbonaceous to coal y zones, cross-bedded conglomerates to pebbly sands near base.


GEOLOGY GROUNDHOG SEQUENCE - interbedded thin, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone,

claystone and coal with abundant plant fossils, a few bivalve fossil horizons, numerous carbonaceous zones in claystones and adiacent to the coal. COAL CONGLOMERATE

1-1 SANDSTONE ' * . MAP C-3 [ SILTY CLAYSTONE I

PREPARED BY: .J. M . DUFORD SCALE I : 10,000 J '$ PANORAMA SEQUENCE

- interbedded thick, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone and claystone with cross-beds, ripple-marks, plant fossils, and marine bivalve and cephalopod fossils.

pyq FOSSILS DATE: DEC. I ~ ~ O ~ D R A W I N G No. Pn. 80-06q, APPROVED BY:

avb % A

1 CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE

APPENDIX I11

TRENCH LITHOLOGIC LOGS

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 110/69° N.E.

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = N/A not seen

CLYST

CLYST CLYST, COALY PTGS C O A L , POWDERED, QUARTZ STRINGERS CLYST

CLY S T

I --

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. i - , '--% i =.I Dtvaron i : G A f i CALGARY ALBERTA / ',-,


TRENCH LOG

PN - T R - 8 0 - 0 1

!APPSOVEC BY DATE I 1

cover

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 1 2 2 / 1 5 O N.E.

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 1 2 0 / 3 7 O N.E.

CLY S T

1 C L Y S T . V. C A R B .

C O A L , CLAYSTONE LENSES, BRIG" '? - 0

C O A L . F l S S l L E 4 C O A L . B R I T T L E C L Y S T , COALY L E N S E S

d U)


TRENCH LOG

PN-TR-80-02

, . . -- - -- - . - -- .- APPAOVEC BY DATE

I

ROCK

0.02

CLYST

COAL CLYST. CARB. COAL CLYST , BRIGHT COAL BANDS COAL

CLYST, DISCONT. COAL LENSES TO I em.

COAL

CLYST, MINOR COAL L E N S E S

CLYST

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. 1 LA ,---. ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 130/ 15 S.W. 'osl O ~ S O O ~ -li_u_lf.G u If. 1 CALSARk A 1 \-

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = N/A near water table ; I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT 1

i TRENCH LOG

PN-TR -80-03

ROCK

- TOTAL 0.50

C L Y S T

COAL . S O M E P Y R I T E

C O A L

C L Y S T . C O A L Y

C O A L , C O N T A I N S M U C H CLAYSTONE

C L Y S T

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = N/A

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 135/22O S.W.

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. 2oal Dwman

I CALGARY

I

1 PANORAMA COAL PROJECT 1 TRENCH LOG P N - T R - 8 0 - 0 4

i I -. - -

=ATE 2 9 ' 9 - B O X A L E I: 5 0 _ _ I 3 R l W l h G ho.

. ~- . IAPQOVEC av DATE.

! I

4

ROCK COAL - 0.56

TOTAL 0.76 I - , 1 --- --- - C - C c- c-c - C - c C-C-C b-4 ---

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = N/A v. weathered

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = N/A underwater

CLY S T

C L Y S T , CARB.. SL. COALY

COAL, BRIGHT

C L Y S T , CARB., COAL PARTINGS

C O A L . SOME CLAYSTONE LENSES

CLYST , CARE:, MINOR COAL

THROUGHOUT

I i GIIIF'CANADA RESOURCES IMC.

Lad DIIISIM i GX@ I C A L ~ C " ' A L 8 E M T A I '.- I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

1 TRENCH LOG I

1 I I PS-TR-80-01 i i !

TOTAL 0.55

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = O ~ O / 59 N

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 100/ 5 5 O N

COAL

C L Y S T , D I S C O N T I N U O U S

C O A L , BRIGHT

C L Y S T

CLYST

COAL. BR IGHT

C L Y S T

TRENCH LOG !

ROCK COAL

0.28

0.20 TOTAL 0 .00 0 .48

C L Y S T

COAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 110/78ON

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 110/7a0 N

C L Y S T

I

I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

TRENCH LOG

I PS-TR -80-03

C L Y S T

C L Y S T , CARE.. V. MINOR COAL S T R I N G E R S

C L Y S T , ONE C O A L L E N S

ROCK COAL

0.45 0.45m

0.45 0.60 m

COAL WITH CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE

C L Y S T , CARE. TOTAL 0

C L Y S T

I--------- G U L F C A N A M RESOURCES INC. I I? I i o s l Dwrorn

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 110/44°S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 110/44° S PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

TRENCH LOG PS-TR-80-04

- TOTAL 2.91

COAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 105/5 I0S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 0 9 0 / 4 g 0 S

C L Y S T

POOR COAL CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS THROUGHOUT

CLYST COAL . WEATHERED

CLYST , COALY PARTINGS

CLYST

POOR COAL, C L A Y S T ONE LENSES

C L Y S T

POOR COAL CLAYSTONE PARTING , QUARTZ VEINS

CLY S T

COAL

CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE WITH COAL PARTINGS

CLYST

TRENCH LOG PS-TR-80-05

ROCK

I

SUBTOTAL 1.71

0.25 0.18

TOTAL 3.39

0

0

COAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = I20/4I0 S

ATTITUDE OF MIDDLE = 130/50° S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 050/30°N

CLYST

C L Y S T , CARE., COAL L E N S E S

POOR COAL, QUARTZ VEINS

C L Y S T , C A R E . , C O A L PARTINGS

POOR COAL QUARTZ VEINS

CLYST, COALY A T E A S E

C L Y S T

CLAYSTONE, CAREONACEOUS W I T H QUARTZ VEINS

CLYST

COAL WITH CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS

CLYST

TRENCH LOG. PS-TR-80-06

I SUBTOTAL 0 . 2 2

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 7O/2l S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 60/23OS

S I L T S T O N E . NODULAR

C L Y S T

C L Y S T , CARB., COALY P T G S

CLYST

CLYST

COAL, SOME CLAYSTONE

CLYST

.-- ----- i GULF CANAOA RESOURCES I N ~ .

-7 i -ILL ! 1 cone irr isxx. I f w E !

CALGAGY - -- A L B E F ~ T A I ,, 1 - PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I ,

TRENCH LOG PS-TR -80-07

ROCK

0.39

TOTAL 2.38

COAL - 0.08 0.19

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 110/40°S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 90/32OS

C L Y S T COAL, QUARTZ VEINS CLY S T C O A L , RESIN BLEBS CLYST. CARB.

CLYST

COAL

CLYST

COAL

C L Y S T

CLY S T

7 - - . --- I GULF CANADA RESOURCES CNC - - I --\ I

Lrw I),, *#on / I.Li.Lr ! G*!3

4 1 0 5 4 T ~ j . -_ I

I

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I

I

I I

TRENCH LOG PS-TR-80-08 I j

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 0 9 4 / 6 g 0 S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 0 9 4 / 6 g 0 S

ROCK

t 1.03 0.07

4 TOTAL 0.07

C L Y S T , C A R B . A T E A S E

COAL 5 3 3 ~ c ~ ~ 5 7 0.14

8% 0.25 0.09

y 0.27

0 .96 --- 0.35mt =-_z_I

COAL MINOR CLAYSTONE

CLYST, CARB. A T B A S E , MINOR COAL

COAL NUMEROUS CLAYSTONE PART I N O S A N D QUARTZ VEINS AT BASE

CLYST

i

! 8

! -d

i GLtLF CANADA WSOURCES IKC. , .-. t

, --

j teat 3wmov I G U J ~ I I iCLC-hl > --- ~ i H t n T 1 / --I_:

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT i I TRENCH LOG I

I PS-TR -80-09 I

I

TOTAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = N/A

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = 120/40°S

C L Y S T C O A L , CLAYSTONE BANDS

C L Y S T

C O A L , B R l O U T

C L Y S T , COAL LENSES

C O A L , D U L L WITH CLAYSTONE PARTINS

C L Y S T

GULF CANAOA RESOURCES INC. b.l Dlvir~on

CALGARY ALeERTA / '\,/

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT TRENCH LOG PS-TR-80-10

ROCK I COAL 0.mm I I

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 92/1g0S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR = N/A

S S , nq.

CLYST . CARB., P L A N T FOSSILS

COAL, SHEARED, HARD

CLYST. CARB., F e STAIN COAL

- -

GULF CANADA RESOURCES 16. C a d Dwrcon

CALGARY ALBERTA 1 e?!Y I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

TRENCH LOG --- PS-TR-80-11

DRAWN BY 0.0. DATE:~-10.(10 SCALE I : 5 0 PREPAREDRY J I N N I S DfiAWlNG No - -- - -. ..-.-.- - .

I APPROVED BY DATE I

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : N/A ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 120/51 S

--- 0.60 m I-- - - I CLAYSTONE. GREY ----

CLAYSTONE , YELLOW

7, COAL

CLAYSTONE

0.03m 1-1 POOR COAL

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. ,-

h l Dlrl~on CALGARY 4LBERTA /


TRENCH LOG

I / - I x . I = 1 1 z _ -. 14PPROVED BY DATE.

TOTAL 0.69

I .05 m+

COAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF 104/vert. ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 106/?0° s

CLAYSTONE, COALY BANOS

COAL DULL CLAY'STONE , CARBONACEOUS

COAL, DULL WITH BRIGHT BANOS POOR COAL WITH NUMEROUS CLAYSTONE PARTINGS

CLAYSTDN E , CARBONACEOUS

COAL, HARD, QUARTZ VEINS

CLAY STONE, CARBONACEOUS, COALY BANDS COAL, BRIGHT

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS, COALY NEAR SEAM

G U L F CANADA RESOURCES INC. /--. I -i Coal Dwfirt~n j 'E_u_19,

CALGAHY ALBERTA I 'L -,'

t -

I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I

TRENCH LOG

t TOTAL 0. I8

ATTITUDE OF ROOF = 132/74OS

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR: 1 1 1 / 7 6 ~ S

CLY S T

CLYST, CARB., COALY LENSES

COAL, BRIGHT BANDS. DULL AT BASE

CLYST , NODULAR

COAL . DULL AND B R I G H T BANDED

CLYST , CARB. ,

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. C, I -1 Cod Ot*s,on

CALGARY ALBERTA -- G u l f ... L/

r PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I I TRENCH LOG

I PS-TR-80-14 I I

SANDSTONE, FINE GRAINED

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS

COAL. DULL CLAY STONE

COAL. DULL

Q' C - C - e - c - CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS

COAL

T O T A L 0 . 4 1 CLAYSTONE, FE STAINED

CALGARY ALBERTA i 'L

OF ' N/A intensely folded a m ATTITUDE OF FLOOR :

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT i

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. I Co* D~vtnon

TRENCH LOG

PS-TR-80-15

,- Wf

L - -- - -- -- - - - - - - - - D A r E 29.9.80 SCALE 1 1 $ 0

PREPARED BY J. INNIS - -- -- ---- - DRAWING Yo

DATE

TOTAL -+ ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 19 /5 1 S ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : N /A

CLAYSTONE

CLAYST ONE, CARBONACEOUS

COAL BRIGHT, PYRITE, QUARTZ VEINS

CL AYSTONE , CARBONACEOUS BANDS

t I GOLF CANAOA RESOURCES INC. - I &-

k a l Dwwon G u ~ # ! CALGARY i +---

ALBE*TA I -,

I 1 PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

I TRENCH LOG I

PS-TR-80-16

ROCK I COAL

TOTAL '-%+-

---- C-C- C

C- c- C

C-C- C -C-C - 1

CLAYSTONE, SLIGHTLY CARBONACEOUS

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS , F E STAIN

COAL


Cod Div~sion

.ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 090 / 5 0 ° S

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR: BEDDING VERY DISTURBED PANORAMA COAL PROJECT TRENCH LOG

DRAWN LF(: L. CHILD DATE: 2 9 . 9 . 8 0 ,PREPARED IW: J. INNIS APPROVED BY: DATE:

SCALE I : 5 0 WlYlNO No.

ROCK 1 COAL

TOTAL + 0.24 0 .42

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : O81/ 56O N

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 0 9 7 / 5 S 0 ~

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS, COALY BANDS

COAL POOR COAL

COAL, CLAYSTONE PARTINGS CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS COAL CLAYSTONE

G U l F CANADA RESOURCES INC. I ,---.. -4

Coal Dl",.,rn ! $"& CALGARY ALBERTA \-

I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I I TRENCH LOG

TOTAL 0.04 1 0 .76

SANDSTONE, VERY FlNE GRAINED

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 4 2 / 8 7 O ~

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 133/ 61° N

CLAYSTONE, PLANT FOSSILS

COAL, BRIGHT AT TOP

POOR COAL COAL

CLAYSTONE, COALY BANDS

CLAYSTONE

SANDSTONE, VERY FlNE GRAINED, NODULAR


GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Coal Dtrwon

C_ -', [Gzf,

I CALGARY ALBERTA I \ _

ROCK 1 COAL

TOTAL .*, 0.07

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 06/41eS ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 1 1 3/ 86ON

CLAYSTONE

CLAYST ONE, CARBONACEOUS COAL CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS

COAL

CLAYSTONE

PS-TR -80-20

I

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. ----, 7 M D~wruon Gui*

---/ j CALGARY ALBEilTA \-,'

I I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I I TRENCH LOG

ROCK 1 COAL CLAYSTONE, SILTY -..-.. -

7 m 2 COAL . BRIGHT BANDS 0

0.04 -j CLAYSTONE. CARBoNAcEous. F E STAIN c - c - c TOTAL 0 1 0 .64 0.24 CLAYSTONE ; VERY CARBONACEOUS

4 CLAYSTONE, SILTY

i TRENCH LOG

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : I 3 6 / 6 z 0 N ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 1 2 9 / 4 g 0 ~ i PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Coal olclrlan

CALGARY ALBERTA

,----.

1,

ROCK I COAL CLAYSTONE

""k-qy TOTAL 0.26 2.08

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 1 3 / 7 0 ° ~

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 1 3 4 / 6 6 ' ~

COAL, BRIGHT IN PLACES

CLA YSTONE, CARBONACEOUS POOR COAL , QUARTZ VEINS COAL

CLAYSTONE, COALY BANDS

CLAYSTONE

; SANDSTONE, F INE GRAINED

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. 1 ,a Cod Dwmon Gulf

CALGARY ALBERTA / a PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

1 TRENCH LOG

- - - - - -- - - - - - -- - . OATE 2 9 . 9 . 8 0 SCALE 1 2 5 0 - -- -- - -- - - - - -- - -- - - - -

- - - - --- -- - -- -- - - Ci i rWlNG Mo

DATE

ROCK 1 COAL

TOTAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 121 / 7 7 O ~ - ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : l NOISTINCT

CLAYSTONE

COAL WEATHERED

POOR COAL

COAL WEATHERED

CLAYSTONE

1 GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. I- M D~nsoon / G u l f

I CALGARY ALSERTA t;--JJr/ I i PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

J R I W L BY L . CHILD j _ - O e : E 2 9 : ~ ~ ~ L ' I LO -. PqEPAREDEY 4. INNIS-- - DRAWING Uo

ROCK , COAL 0.25m+

t C L A Y S T O N E

0.1 5 0.15

1.12 0.27 0.12 m C O A L , BRIGHT 0.21 2

0 0.22

TOTAL 0 1.12

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS NEAR SEAM

- I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. -7-

i Colll Dlrlr,on I ssii ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 129 / 8 6 O N ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 135 /vert.

.- CALGARY ALBERTA 1 ''\_,.''

I PANORAMA COAL PROJECT TRENCH LOG

ROCK COAL

TOTAL 0.1 1 1 1 .O5

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : N /A ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 0 9 5 / 6 q 0 N

CLAYSTONE

CLAYSTONE, COAL PARTINGS

C O A L , BRIGHT BANDS

CLAY S T O N E , COALY BANDS

COAL

CLAYSTONE


TRENCH LOG

i ~ ~ . - ~ CRfiWINC; I*o I

/ 4WSOVEC B Y DATE ,

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : N/A (covered)

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 70/27ON (slumped)

ROCK

1 COVER

COAL

0.60 COAL, RESIN BLEBS, QUARTZ STRINGERS

CLAYSTONE COAL CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS OR COALY

SANDSTONE

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. ,--, --.

Coal DWSIM CALGARY

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT TRENCH LOG

PS-TR-80-26

DATE 2 9 . 9 . 8 0 SCALE I : 5 0 ?R4WNBY _L: C H I L D . . _ __ - _ -

JREPARED B Y .I INNIS DRAWING No

4PPSOVED BV DATE


I 1 ;;; TOTAL 0.09

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : N/A ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : N/A

POOR COAL COAL BRIGHT C L A Y ~ O N E COAL MINOR CLAYSTONE PARTINGS C L A Y ~ T O N E

COAL. DULL

COAL



TRENCH LOG

PS-TR -80-27

I GULF CANAOA RESOURCES INC. h t D w r c n / CALGARY ALBERTA

+ .- - -. - - . . .. . . -- . - - . . DRAWN BY L. C H I L D DATE 2 9 - 9 . 8 0 SCALE I $ 5 0 -- . -- - - . - - - - - - -- .. -- - .. - - . - - - . _. - -. .

DRAWIYL; No.

DATE

--

1- --- , ---- f u#f

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 175/ 6 8 " ~

ATTITUDE O F FLOOR : 172 /4g0 w

C L A Y STONE, SLIGHTLY CARBONACEOUS, COAL BANDS

COAL COAL, DULL, CLAYSTONE BANDS


COAL

POOR COAL


GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Cow Dwwm


TRENCH LOG

PS-TR -80-28

- - . - . . I jRAW4Rv. L . C H I L D DATE 2 9 - 9 . 8 0 X b L E I 1 ~ - 5 0 - -- -- --. - - -. - -. -- - - - -- -- -. -- - - - i 'REPARED 3 Y J . INNIS -- - -- .- --. - - -- .- - - -- -- - .. -. -. - -. DR?WING So.

iPP90VED 6 Y DATE. i

ROCK

k

t 0.52

TOTAL 0

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 14/5T0 N

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 1 3 2 / 6 1 ° ~

COAL 0.40m+ CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS NEAR BASE

0.28 1 N

0.13 COAL , SOME CLAYSTONE PARTINGS NEAR BASE 0.1 I -

0

0 . 5 2 J

I

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Gw Dwrmn

I CALGARY ALDERTA

0.50111t CLAYSTONE, SLIGHTLY CARBONACEOUS, FE STAIN

d 2 0 m

,'--. --- - I 1 PANORAMA COAL PROJECT I I TRENCH LOG i I

1 PS-TR-80-29

1 -- _ --- - DR4HN - - B t L . CHILD DATE 29 -9 -00 SCALE T: SO - PREPARED a\ J. INNIS t -- - - - -- - - DFAWING NF -- -

IAWROVEC B t DATE

0 .30 m+ . . . . . . . . SANDSTONE , MG. O.IOm ,,-,

R:K 1 ::.U 0.03- CL AYSTONE C L A Y STONE, SLIGHTLY CARBONACEOUS

COAL

0.05 m ---- CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS TOTAL ---

C L A Y S T O N E , F E STAIN

ATTITUDE OF ROOF :" 1 10/ 23 S ATTITUDE OF FLOOR :4 I 0 / 35 O S

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. - i--i

Coa D~waon Gulf j v-- CALGARY ~ L B E ~ T A i


TRENCH LOG

CLAYSTONE

- - 0 5 CLAYSTONE, COAL* STRINGERS

,,-- 0

CLAYSTONE

CLAYSTON E , CARBONACEOUS .. .. .. 0. 30m+ .."..'*.. " SILTSTONE

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : hl 100 /25O S ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : r~ 112 /35O S

- CALGARY ALBERTA I 'L,


TRENCH LOG

--- 0.40m+ I=z=I CLAYSTONE


0.20 CLAYSTONE COAL CLAYSTONE . . . . . . . . . .

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : N /A

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 112 / 4 0 ° s

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. 1 -,Zl Cwl Dwrmn

CALGARY ALBERTA


TRENCH LOG

TOTAL 0.28 1 0.66

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 1 5 / - 6 4 ~ N

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 1 1 0 / 4 2 ° ~

S ILTSTONE, CLAYEY

CLAYSTONE

COAL


COAL

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS, SOME COAL PARTINGS

CLAYSTONE, SOME CARBONACEOUS PARTINGS

PS-T R-80-33

I

G U L F CANADA RESOURCES INC. Cou Dwrton

CALGARY ~ L ~ E R T A

,-7, -A

$dff \-,'


TRENCH LOG

TOTAL -&

SANDSTONE, FlNE GRAINED CLAYSTONE CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS

COAL. MINOR CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS


COAL WITH CARBONACEOUS CLAYSTONE INTERBEDS

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 112/80°S ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 115 /52O~

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS. COAL LENSES NEAR BASE

CLAY STONE

SANDSTONE, VERY FlNE GRAINED, WITH CLAYSTONE

TRENCH LOG

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. C M I Dwrron

C A L G d R t ALBERTA

,,---. L-4 -__- Gulf'

x-'


TOTAL

ROCK COAL

0.1 4

0 . 5 0

0.2 1 0 .09

0.81

1.52 0.23

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 1 1 3/ 80°s ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : l l 4 / 88 OS

CLAYSTONE

COAL

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS. COAL PARTINGS

CLAY STONE COAL . DULL

CLAYSTONE, CARBONACEOUS, COAL PARTINGS

CLAYSTONE

CLAY STONE

SANDSTONE

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. ,-\ &I G W I ~ C ~ ~ 'GZ

CALGARY +----7'

ALBERTA L, >


1 RENCH LOG

---- ,. -: I 0.!50111+ 8 CLAYSTONE

1 COAL, DISCONTINUOUS CLAYSTONE LENSES

CLAYSTONE 0

0.09 C

0.23 2 COAL 0

0.04 0.08

CLAYSTONE

0.20 -- - j COAL - - - ---- C L A Y ~ ~ N E , CARBONACEOU~

TOTAL 0.1 8 1 a05 0 . 3 0 ~ + =----- --- . CLAYSTONE 0 Z

0 In

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : 110/86°S ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 118/34ON

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. ,---. Coal Otwroon

I CALGARY

i PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

TRENCH LOG

PS-TR -80-36

ROCK

TOTAL 0.60

4.00 m+

COAL

ATTITUDE OF ROOF : " 135/55ON

ATTITUDE OF FLOOR : 132 /64ON

SAND

COAL

TONE, FINE GRAINED, SOME CLAY

CLAYSTONE LENSES

CLAYST ONE, CARBONACEWS , SMALL COALY STRINGERS

COAL, MINOR CLAYSTONE


CLAYST ONE

PS-TR -80-37

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. CON DIVISO~F

CALGARY ALBERTA

6 3 b PANORAMA COAL PROJECT

TRENCH LOG

ATTITUDE OF ROOF: 121 / 56OS ATTITUDE OF FLOOR: N/A

CLAYSTONE, P L A N T FRAGMENTS

COAL, BRIGHT AND BRIGHT BANDED

POOR COAL

CLAYSTONE

GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. Cud Divnion

CALGARY ALBERTA

PANORAMA COAL PROJECT TRENCH LOG

PS-TR- 80-38

DRAWN BY: B.O.B. DATE124.11.80 PREPARED BY: J. INNIS APPROVED 811 DATE1

SCALE I 1 SO DRAWIN0 No.

APPENDIX IV

COAL QUALITY DATA

CURRIER SEAM


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 369

TABLE 1. ANALYSIS OF HEAD SAMPLE

A i r -D ry Basis Dry Basis

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash % 28.07 29.95

Mois ture % 6.29 - V o l a t i l e M a t t e r % 12.64 13.49

F ixed Carbon % 53.00 56.56

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL./gm. ) 4,870 5,196

( B . T . u . / ~ ~ . ) 8,765 9,353

SULPHUR % 0.42 0.45

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.66 1.70

HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX 86

CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 369

TABLE 2. S I Z E CONSIST

S i ze


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 2 4

Date: NOV. 24 /80

$

GULF CANADA RESOURCES I N C .

PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 369

TABLE 3. ANALYSIS OF 3/8" x 28 MESH SIZE FRACTION

3a. RAW SAMPLE ANALYSIS

A i r -Dry Basis Dry Basis

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mo is tu re %

V o l a t i l e Ma t te r %

F ixed Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Ca1 ./gm.) 4,751 5,026

(B.T.u . /~~. ) 8,552 9,047

SULPHUR % 0.41 0.43


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 369


3b. FLOAT-SINK ANALYSIS (a.d.b.)

FRACTIONAL CUMULATIVE

Sp. G r . Y i e l d % - Ash % BTU/lb. Y i e l d % Ash BTU/lb.

~ Y C L O N E ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 369

TABLE 4. ANALYSIS OF 28 MESH X 0 SIZE FRACTION

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mo is tu re %


F ixed Carbon %


CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm. ) 5,230 5,617

(B.T.U./lb.) 9,414 10,111

SULPHUR %

'CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES LTO.

F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 24

Date: NOY. 24/80


PROJECT: panorama

SAMPLE : 01 369

TABLE 5. ANALYSIS OF 28 MESH X 100 MESH SIZE FRACTION (a.d.b.)


Sp. G r . Y i e l d % Ash % BTU/lb. Y i e l d % Ash % BTU/lb.


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 369

TABLE 6. ANALYSIS OF 100 MESH X 0 SIZE FRACTION (a.d.b.)

ASH % 22.41

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL. /gin. ) 5,129

(B.T.U.llb.1 9,233


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 369

TABLE 7. SIMULATED PRODUCT

7a. CONTRIBUTION BY SIZE FRACTION

S i z e Cut P o i n t Y i e l d 7; % o f Raw % o f Produc t

3/8" x 28 m. 1 .8 71.87 51.39 66.62

28 m. x 100 m. 1 .8 84.75 15.20 19.71

100 m. x 0 - 100.00 10.55 13.67

T o t a l - - 77.14 100.00


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 24

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 369


7b. ANALYSIS

A i r - D r y B a s i s D r y B a s i s

PROXIMTE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %

V o l a t i l e M a t t e r %

F i x e d Ca rbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: ( C a l ./gm. )

(B.T.U./lb.)

SULPHUR %

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 2 4

D a t e : Nov. 24 /80

LEACH SEAM

. ,


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 31 2

TABLE 1 . ANALYSIS OF HEAD SAMPLE

A i r - D r y B a s i s . D r y B a s i s

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i x e d Carbon I

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL./gm.) 5,953

(B.T.U./ lb.) 10,716

SULPHUR %

SPECIFIC GRAVITY



F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 5

Date : Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: P a n o r a m a

SAMPLE: 0 1 3 1 2


S i z e - W t . %

CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES LTO.

F i l e : S 1 - 3 1 6

S a m p l e : 5

D a t e : Nov. 2 4 / 8 0

. GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC.

PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 31 2



PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i xed Carbon %

A i r -D ry Bas is

13.10

6.25

12.17

68.48

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gin.) 6,270

(B .T .U. / lb . ) 11,286

SULPHUR % 0.36

Dry Bas is

13.97

-

12.98

73.05

6,688

12,038

0.38

+CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 5

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 31 2

TABLE 3. ANALYSIS OF 3 / 8 " x 2 8 MESH S I Z E FRACTION

3b. FLOAT-SINK ANALYSIS (a .d .b . )

FRACTIONAL CUEIULATI VE

Sp. Gr . Y i e l d % A s h % B T U / l b . Y i e l d % A s h % B T U I l b .


F i l e : S1-316

Samp le : 5

D a t e : Nov. 2 4 / 8 0


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 31 2


A i r -D ry Bas i s

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash % 21.17

M o i s t u r e % 8.81

V o l a t i l e M a t t e r % 16.78

F i xed Carbon % 53.24

CALORIFIC VALUE : (Cal . /gm. ) 5,001

(B.T.U./lb.) 9,002

SULPHUR % 0.34

Dry Bas is

23.22

-

18.40

58.38

5,484

9,872

0.37


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 5

Date: Nov. 24/80



SAMPLE: 0 1 3 1 2

TABLE 5. ANALYSIS OF 2 8 MESH X 100 MESH S I Z E FRACTION (a.d.b.)


Sp. G r . Y i e l d % Ash B T U / l b . Y i e l d % A s h % B T U / l b .


F i l e : S 1 - 3 1 6

S a m p l e : 5

D a t e : Nov. 2 4 / 8 0


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 31 2

TABLE 6. ANALYSIS OF 100 MESH X 0 SIZE FRACTION ( a . d . b . )

ASH % 25.67


(B.T.U./lb.) 7,997


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 5

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 31 2



Size - Cut Poin t Y i e l d % % o f Raw % o f Product

3/8" x 28 m. 1.8 94.80 69.10 73.15

28 m. x 100 m. 1.8 89.43 14.74 15.60

100 m. x D - 100.00 10.63 11 .25

Tota l - - 94.47 100.00


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 5

Date: Nov. 24/80

. 1 ,


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : D l 31 2


7b. ANALYSIS

A i r - D r y Bas i s Dry Bas i s

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i x e d Carbon %


( B . T . u . / ~ ~ . ) 11,313 11,815

SULPHUR % 0.38 0.40

SPEC1 FIC GRAVITY 1.53 1.55

HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX 62


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 5

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 0 1 354


PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i x e d Ca rbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL. /gm. )

(B.T.U./lb.)

SULPHUR %

SPECIFIC GRAVITY



F i l e : 51 -316

Sample: 1 2

D a t e : Nov. 24 /80

, .



SAMPLE : 01 3 5 4


S i z e -


F i l e : S1 -316

S a m p l e : 1 2

D a t e : NOV. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01354




PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mois tu re %


Fixed Carbon %


[B.T.U./lb.) 10,147 11,028

SULPHUR % 0.36 0.39


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 12

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 354

TABLE 3. ANALYSIS OF 3 / 8 " x 2 8 MESH S I Z E FRACTION



Sp. Gr. Y i e l d % Ash BTU/ lb . Y i e l d % Ash BTU/ lb.


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 1 2

D a t e : Nov. 24 /80


PROJECT : Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 354


PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i xed Carbon %

A i r -D ry Bas i s

8.72

7.64

16.24

67.40

CALORIFIC VALUE : (Cal . /gm. ) 6,258

(B.T.u./lb.) 11,265

SULPHUR %

Dry Bas is

9.44

-

17.58

72.98

6,776

12,197

0.47

'CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 12

Date: NOY. 24/80

I

I GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC.

f PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 0 1 354

TABLE 5. A N A L Y S I S O F 2 8 M E S H X l O O M E S H S l Z E F R A C T I O N ( a . d . b . )


i Sp. Gr. Y i e l d % Ash B T U I l b . Y i e l d % Ash % B T U I l b . i

CYCLONE ENGINEERING SALES CTD.

F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 1 2

D a t e : Nov. 24 /80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 354

TABLE 6. ANALYSIS OF 100 MESH X 0 SIZE FRACTION ( a . d . b . l

ASH % 8.94


(B.T.U./lb.) 11,241


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 12

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 354



Size Cut P o i n t Y i e l d % % o f Raw % o f Product -

3/8" x 28 m. 1.8 82.45 52.31 59.85

28 m. x 100 m. 1.8 93.80 22.09 25.28

100 m. x 0 - 100.00 13.00 14.87

To ta l - - 87.40 100.00


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 12

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 354


7b. ANALYSIS

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mo is tu re %


F ixed Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm. )

(B.T.u.II~.)

SULPHUR %

SPEC1 FIC GRAVITY


A i r -Dry Basis

8.74

4.95

18.37

67.94

6,353

11,436

0.41

1.51

Dry Basis


F i l e : ST-316

Sample: 12

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 367

TABLE 1. ANALYSIS OF HEAD SAMPLE

A i r - D r y B a s i s Dry B a s i s

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i x e d Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL./gm. ) 5,354

( B . T . u . / ~ ~ . ) 9,638

SULPHUR %

SPECIFIC GRAVITY



F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 367

TABLE 2. S IZE CONSIST

S i z e W t . % -


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 22

Da te : Nov. 24 /80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 367




PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mois tu re %

V o l a t i l e Mat te r %

F ixed Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm. )

(B.T.U./lb.)

SULPHUR %


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80



SAMPLE : 01 3 6 7

TABLE 3. ANALYSIS OF 3 1 8 " x 2 8 MESH S I Z E FRACTION



Sp . Gr. Y i e l d % Ash B T U I l b . Y i e l d % Ash % B T U I l b .


F i l e : S 1 - 3 1 6

S a m p l e : 22

Date : Nov. 2 4 / 8 0


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 367


PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mo is tu re %


F ixed Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm.)

(B.T.U./lb.)

SULPHUR %

Ai r -Dry Basis

25.65

2.85

8.95

62.55

5,559

10,006

0.76

Dry Basis

26.40

-

9.21

64.39

5,722

10,300

0.78


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 0 1 367

TABLE 5. ANALYSIS OF 2 8 MESH X 100 MESH SIZE FRACTION ( a .d .b .1


Sp. Gr. Y i e l d % Ash % BTU/ lb. Y i e l d % Ash % BTU/ lb.


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 22

Da te : Nov. 24 /80


PROJECT: Panorama

TABLE 6. A N A L Y S I S O F l O O M E S H X O S I Z E F R A C T I O N ( a . d . b . )

ASH % 23.20

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL ./gin. ) 5,606

(B.T.U./lb.) 10,091


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 367



S i z e Cut P o i n t Y i e l d % % of Raw % o f Produc t -

T o t a l - - 76.44 100.00


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 367


7b. ANALYSIS

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS :

Ash %

Mo is tu re %


F ixed Carbon %

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm.)

(B.T.u./I~.)

SULPHUR %

SPEC1 FIC GRAVITY


A i r -Dry Basis

15.69

2.90

10.60

70.81

6,644

11,959

1.02

1.56

Dry Bas is


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 22

Date: Nov. 24/80

. "


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 375


A i r - D r y Bas i s Dry Bas is

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS :

Ash % 16.48 19.56

Mo i s tu re % 15.73 -

V o l a t i l e M a t t e r % 23.86 28.31

F i xed Carbon % 43.93 52.13

CALORIFIC VALUE: (CAL./grn.) 4,288 5,088

(B.T.U./lb.) 7,718 9,159

SULPHUR % 0.27 0.32

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.68 1.81


C ~ C L O N E ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 30

Date : Nov. 24/80

..


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 0 1 3 7 5

TABLE 2. S I Z E C O N S I S T

S i z e - W t . %


F i l e : S 1 - 3 1 6

S a m p l e : 30

Date: N0~.24/80

,


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 375



A i r -Dry Basis

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash % 17.48

Mois ture % 14.11

V o l a t i l e Ma t te r % 23.78

Fixed Carbon % 44.63

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm. ) 4,367

(B.T.U./lb.) 7,860

SULPHUR % 0.28

Dry Basis


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 30

Date: Nov. 24/80

6


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 375

TABLE 3. ANALYSIS O F 3/8" x 2 8 MESH SIZE FRACTION


Sp. Gr.


Yield % Ash BTU/lb. Yield % Ash BTU/lb.

~ Y C L O N E ENGINEERING SALES LTD.

File: S1-316

Sample: 30

Date : Nov. 24/80

t


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 375


PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

Mois tu re %


F ixed Carbon %

A i r -Dry Basis

15.39

16.35

24.71

43.55

CALORIFIC VALUE: (Cal ./gm. ) 4,228

(B.T.U./lb.) 7,611

SULPHUR %

Dry Basis

18.40

-

29.54

52.06

5,054

9,098

0.32


F i l e : 51-316

Sample: 30

Date: NOV. 24/80


PROJECT: Pano rama

SAMPLE: 0 1 3 7 5

TABLE 5. ANALYSIS OF 2 8 MESH X 100 MESH S I Z E FRACTION ( a . d . b . )

FRACTIONAL

Sp. G r . Y i e l d % Ash B T U / l b .

CUMULATIVE

Y i e l d % A s h % B T U I l b .


F i l e : S 1 - 3 1 6

S a m p l e : 3 0

D a t e : Nov. 2 4 / 8 0


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 375

TABLE 6. ANALYSIS OF 100 MESH X 0 SIZE FRACTION (a.d.b.1

ASH % 16.72


(B.T.U./lb.) 7,341


File: 51-316

Sample: 30

Date: Nov. 24/80


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE : 01 375



S i z e Cut P o i n t Y i e l d % % o f Raw % o f Produc t -

318" x 28 m. 1.8 84.38 54.75 62.48

28 m. x 100 m. 1.8 89.48 19.06 21.75

100 m. x 0 - 100.00 13.82 15.77

T o t a l - - 87.63 100.00


F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 30

Date: Nov. 24/80

,' . I


PROJECT: Panorama

SAMPLE: 01 375


7b. ANALYSIS

A i r - D r y B a s i s D r y B a s i s

PROXIMATE ANALYSIS:

Ash %

M o i s t u r e %


F i x e d Carbon X

CALORIFIC VALUE: ( C a l ./gm. )

(B.T.U./ lb.)

SULPHUR %

SPEC1 F I C GRAVITY



F i l e : S1-316

Sample: 3 0

D a t e : Nov. 24 /80

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GULF CANADA RESOURCES INC. - British Columbia · 2013-10-02 · Geology Maps and Cross-Sections (1:50 000) Pn 80-044 - 047 Traverse Location Map Pn 80-048 Trench Location Map Base