Guiding the Future of Lisa Kirch, Nital Patwa, and Kelsey Clubb W231 Spring 2015
Guiding the Future of - people.ischool.berkeley.edupeople.ischool.berkeley.edu/~npatwa/ischool/About_Me_files...Lisa Kirch, Nital Patwa, and Kelsey Clubb . ... Life Cycle . Source:
Lisa Kirch, Nital Patwa, and Kelsey Clubb W231 Spring 2015
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Image source: http://blogs-images.forbes.com/steveolenski/files/2014/05/theinternetofthings.jpg Connected globe image from IBM Social Media https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfEbMV295Kk
What Is the Internet of Things?
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systems of systems linked together by sensors - acting smarter because they know about each other acting smarter and more efficiently high degree of autonomous data capture event transfer network connectivity and interoperability ubiquity and pervasiveness miniaturization and invisibility automatic identification mediation and autonomous agency embedded intelligence and extended mind seamless transfer distributed control merging digital and physical inexpensive sensors Minority Report - Personal Advertising in the Future (John Anderton) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bXJ_obaiYQ Smart appliance image from http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Smart_Appliance_011.jpg Watch your day in 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OptqxagZDfM 10 Future Technologies That Will Change The World https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lMymFYJWW5M Smart City image from Smart Cities Council http://smartcitiescouncil.com/resources/smart-cities-and-internet-everything-foundation-delivering-next-generation-citizen-services livability, workability, and sustainability Smart Buildings by IBM - http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/green_buildings/overview/?re=spf
Sensors in Action
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low cost sensors making this possible Proximal Network Image from AllSeen Alliance How Many Sensors are in a Smartphone? http://buildsmartrobots.ning.com/profiles/blogs/the-emgrobotics-audio-dual-motor-controller-board-admcb-use-your- Light sensors Touch sensors Magnetometer Proximity sensors Near Field sensors RFID Telematics GPS Tracking WiFi Real-time location Grid sensors Mesh networks Accelerometers Gyroscopes
Smart Homes
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nest has a developer program, “works with nest” https://nest.com/works-with-nest/ works with wearables, appliances, and even your car http://www.techhive.com/article/2367100/nest-thermostat-to-work-with-wearables-appliances-and-even-your-car.html images from nest Smart Home image from http://agovernmentofwolves.com/tag/connected/ Smart Homes of the Future Will Know Us by Our Heartbeats http://www.wired.com/2014/10/smart-homes-of-the-future/ Canary - a discreet, easy to install monitoring and notification system that provides round the clock reassurance to family members whilst allowing the older or vulnerable person to stay in the home they love. - https://www.canarycare.co.uk
Connected Cars
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Connected car image from Wired http://www.wired.com/images_blogs/autopia/2012/08/vehicleswithcircleshighway-660.jpg Tesla S image from http://www.autoconnectedcar.com/2014/04/is-tesla-the-king-of-the-world-of-connected-cars-for-web-surfers-surfers/ Magic Car - http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mocking-Bird/the-google-car-and-indian-roads/ By 2020, IHS Automotive estimates that the number of cars connecgted to the Internet worldwide will grow more than sixfold to 152 million (up from 23 million in 2013). http://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2014/08/22/internet-of-things-by-the-numbers-market-estimates-and-forecasts/
Connected Wearables
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Wearable images from http://www.onlinetmd.com/FileUploads/image/wearable.jpg http://www.zmescience.com/medicine/smart-fiber-for-medicine-05464/ https://recodetech.files.wordpress.com/2015/04/apple-watch-goal-acheived.jpg?quality=80&strip=info&w=640
IoT Seems Benign, BUT...
Let’s Examine….
● Many connected sensors ● Datasets contain sensitive info ● Hacked IoT device is unsafe
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systems of systems linked together by sensors - acting smarter because they know about each other acting smarter and more efficiently high degree of autonomous data capture event transfer network connectivity and interoperability ubiquity and pervasiveness miniaturization and invisibility identification mediation and autonomous agency embedded intelligence and extended mind seamless transfer distributed control IoT image http://www.ecsblog.org/announcements/education/iot-and-sensors-creating-a-multitrillion-dollar-market/
Existing Laws and Guidelines FIPPs Guidelines
IoT Guidelines
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Need to expand on existing regulations to handle new IoT scenarios. Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA September 2012) Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA March 1972) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA 1996) Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA 1998) Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA 1986) Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPPS 1974) “Hew Report” - image from http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/4010/3274 Breach Notification Rule OECD Privacy Guidelines (1998) FIPPs Guidelines There must be no personal data record-keeping systems whose very existence is secret. There must be a way for a person to find out what information about the person is in a record and how it is used. There must be a way for a person to prevent information about the person that was obtained for one purpose from being used or made available for other purposes without the person's consent. There must be a way for a person to correct or amend a record of identifiable information about the person. Any organization creating, maintaining, using, or disseminating records of identifiable personal data must assure the reliability of the data for their intended use and must take precautions to prevent misuses of the data.
● Consumer-originated health data not protected by HIPPA ● “Terms of Use” are Broad ● There are industries eager to use the data
o Data Broker Industry has emerged
Current Laws and Guidelines are NOT strong enough
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For example, insurance.
A View from the Insurance Industry
IoT Leads to New Ethical and Legal Questions
● Security ● Privacy ● Transparency ● Data ownership ● Ethical and legal usage, sharing, selling - DATA BROKERS ● Inappropriate situations for data collection ● “Digital Knowledge Divide”
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What happens when the Internet connection goes down? What if the IoT product vendor’s services experience downtime at a critical juncture? Is there a guarantee for security/hacker-proofing on the cloud side of IoT services to prevent nefarious access to a home’s internal network? Who is responsible or liable for patching IoT devices, routers, and cloud connections? What happens if the IoT product vendor goes out of business and no longer supports the product? Who owns the data generated and collected by these connected devices? With much of the communication occurring between devices without the user knowing, or possibly understanding, what happens when a device chooses to act independently of its owner or acts in unintended ways - from ordering the wrong products, to vacuuming at an unreasonable hour, to misinterpreting facial expressions or gestures and responding appropriately? Who owns the data? Are there situations where these devices should not be collecting data? What about those who do not have smart devices or the knowledge to use them? “Digital knowledge divide” What if the consumer wants to opt out?
Internet of Things “Bill of Rights” Proposed by Pachube in 2011
➔ People own the data they (or their “things”) create.
➔ People own the data someone else creates about them.
➔ People have the right to access data gathered from public space.
➔ People have the right to access their data in full resolution in real-time.
➔ People have the right to access their data in a standard format.
➔ People have the right to delete or backup their data.
➔ People have the right to use and share their data however they want.
➔ People have the right to keep their data private.
Ownership
Access
Deletion
Usage & Sharing
Privacy Security? Transparency?
Informed Consent? Data Accuracy?
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Proposed IoT Bill of Rights - http://postscapes.com/open-internet-of-things-assembly
Our Recommendations
Security First and Throughout the Expected Life Cycle
