Guide for the Compilation of Terminological

8/10/2019 Guide for the Compilation of Terminological

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~ O R T ~ E

C O M ~ I L A T I O N

T E L M ~ N O L O ~ I C A LX T ~ O N A ~ I E S


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C U ~ E

C O M P ~T E ~ M I N

X T ~ O

~T~OO L O ~ C A L

N A M E S

Dewan Bahasa danPustakaMinistry ofEducation Malaysia

KualaLumpur1992


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KK 400-6033 5101

First Printing 1992 OriginalWork, Pustaka Antara, Kuala Lumpur, 1975 English Translation, Dewan Bahasa danPustaka, 1992

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced ortransmitted in anyform or by anymeans, electronic ormechanical,

including photocopy,recording, oranyinformation storageand retrievalsystem, without permission in writing from the Director General,Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, P.O. Box 10803, 50926 Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia. Negotiation is subjected to the calculation of royalty.

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Guide for the compilation of terminologydictionaries I Majlis Bahasa BruneiDarussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia (Mabbim)ISBN 983-62-3143-9.-

ISBN 983-62-3142-0(kkt.).I. MalayTerms andphrases.I. Majlis Bahasa Brunei DarussalamIndonesiaMalaysia. Title.

499.23014

Setting by Citra PublishingTypeface ofText: PalatinoTypesize of Text: 10/12 point

Dicetak oleh:Masadali (M ) Sdn. Bht :Bcmdar Tun Razak56000 Kuala Lumpux

$1.50


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Advisors

Dato Haji Jumaat binDato Haji Mohd. NoorProf. Dr. Haji Farid M. OnnHaji Hamdan Yahya

Translator

Shahrezad Ibrahim

EditorHawa Abdullah

Production

Haji Shaari Abdullah

Haji Abu Bakar Mohamad

Shamsuri Haji Sahian

Ahmed Fauzi Mohamed

Satinah Husin

Ahmad Khalid

Executive Committee

Prof. Madya Dr. Haji Amat ~luhariMoainSulaiman MasriZubaidi basMior Hamzah Mior HashimAbdullah MarjunidAhab Abdul RahimHishamuddin TumiranNawal Hanim Lope Zainal AbidinKamariab ZakariaRaja Ahimah Raja IsmailZaidah Md.SaminSuhaimi Abdul Rahman

Shabril Omar

Bahagian Peristilahan, Jabatan Bahasa, Dowan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Peti Surat10803, 50926 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Telefon: 03-2482530, 03-2488807, 03-2481011 sambungan 167 . Faks: 03-2445727 I 03-2482726.


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Content

PrefaceIntroduction

Limiting the Problem

Making Use of Sources of Information

Concept and Definition

Preparation of the Manuscript1. The Definition as a Starting Point2. Concordance of Definition3. Use of Terms in Definition4. Delimiting the Scope of a Definition5. Preciseness of a Definition6. The Nearest Genus7. Definition Based on Inadequate Intrinsic

Characteristics8. Benefit of Defining Based on Field of

Application9. Illustration and Its Use10. Selection of Terms11. Correspondence between Term and Concept12. Literal Meaning of Derived Terms and Word

Combination13. Feasibiflty of Terms Forming Derivatives

14. Confusing Word-Combination Term15. Term Based on Transfer of Meaning16. Ambiguous Terms17. Synonymous Terms18. Synonymous Terms in the Original and

InternationalLanguages19. Adherence to Accepted Terms20. Change of Meaning

21. The Context That Changes the Constituents of aTerm22. Transliteration23. Coordinating Committee24. Printers Manuscript

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MAJLISBAHASA BRUNEX DARUSSALkM-INDONESIA-MAJAYSIA(MABBIM)

V. Compilation ofAlphabetical Indexes 14

VI.Publication 16Appendix I 17Appendix II 19

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Preface

With the publication of the Panduan Penyusunan Kamus Istilah(Guide for the Compilation ofTerminological Dictionaries), DewanBahasa danPustakahasonceagaincome to thelore in develop-ing and promoting Malayby intensifying itsuse as a technicaland formal language. As a language phanning agency, DewanBahasa dan Pustaka will continue to publish handbooks suchas this to facilitate the process of language building.

This guide was prepared by language and subject expertsfrom Malaysia and Indonesia and was checked and approvedby the 17th Convention of the Indonesia-Malaysia LanguageCouncil which was held in Kuala Lumpur from 24th 29thAugust 1981.

Itishopedthatthishandbookwillbe a guideforterminologycommittees, subject field experts and other hanguage phanners

in the compilation of terminological dictionaries which willhelp studentsin higher institutes of learning, professionals andusers of Malay in using the language more effective.

Director General,Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

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Introduction

In the Pedoman Llmum Pembentukan Istilah Bahasa Melayu (Ge-neral Guidelines for the Formation ofTerms in Malay), published

by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka in 1975, a set of guidelines isprovided which can be used in the process of forming terms.It is due to this general guide that terminologies of manybranches of knowledge are coined in a more rational andsystematic manner. Nevertheless, these terms which form thebackbone of the transfer ofknowledge must be disseminated,

accepted and used widely to test their usefulness. One of theways to achieve this goal is to publish and market theseterminologies so that theyare within easyreach of all potentialusers.

To complement thisgeneral guide,theIndonesia MalaysiaLanguage Council prepared the Guide for the Compilation ofTerminological Dictionaries, based on the recommendations putforward by the International Organization for Standardization(ISO), i.e. ISO Recommendation R 704-1969 and ISO Recom-mendation R 919-1969, pertaining to naming principles andpreparation ofspecialized vocabularies based on classification.The purpose of this handbook is to provideguidelines on themethod of determining definition of concepts as a basis forterm formation, and the method of preparing terminologies ofascopewideenough to bepublished intheform ofdictionaries.With this guide to complement the general guidelines, it is

hoped that authors of terminologies will be able to preparespecialized vocabularies and terminological dictionaries. Thesevocabularies and dictionaries will speed up the process ofterminology standardization in Malay.


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I . Limiting the Problem

1. The field of knowledge to be covered by a specializedvocabulary should be carefully defined, according to its divi-sions. It is notsufficient to state the name of the subject fieldonly.Forinstance, inthecase of geography as the subjectfield,the coverage of terms should begin with its subdivisions, forexample, geomorphology,meteorology, hydrologyand so forth.Defining in detail a subject field will help to determine thenumber andtype ofterms that willbeincludedin theterminologylist and the terms related to the field which are to beleft out.

2. Limiting and classifyingthe subject field canbe facilitatedby consulting a subject classification for example, that of theInternational Union ofPure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC),International Union ofBiochemistry, UNESCOor publicationssuch as Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and NominaAnatomica. For those subject fields which do not as yet have

a classificationsystem, a systemwhich is agreed upon by bothMalaysia and Indonesia must be worked out.

3. Thelength oftheterminology listand thesizeofthe techni-cal dictionary depends on the inclusion or exclusion of veryspecialized concepts into groupiflgs planned. The degree ofspecialization will bedetermined by the type of target user.

4. Each terminology list must provide a comprehensive rep-resentation oftheconceptsintherelated subjectfield. However,the number should not exceed 1000 basic concepts. If the lististoo long, the subject should be subdivided and the speciali-zed vocabularies compiled in separate volumes. (Refer to clas-sification of subject division in Appendix). The basic conceptmeans the concept conveyed by the rootword. Each basic con-cept can have anumber ofderived concepts. For example, thetermsulphurconveysthebasicconcept, while the termssulphate,sulphide, and sulphuric convey the derived concepts.

5. The preparation of a terminology list that is truly com-prehensive and.covers all related aspects of the subject fieldnormally takes a long time to the extent that it never gets


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GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OFTERMINOLOCICALDICIIONARIES

completed or its publication delayed until it is no more up-to-date when it ispublished. Furthermore, the needs ofgeneral

usersforgeneral terms and theneeds of specialists for speciali-zed vocabularies in their particular fields cannot be met ade-quately if the work is notdone in stages.

6. The alphabetic terminology lists and technical dictionariescomplete with definitions should be based on and derivedfromclassified vocabularies found in the related subject field. Onlythen can acomplete list (see item 4 above) be prepared which

will set out the concepts according to its importance. Theformation of terms based on alphabetical ordering in a listwithout prior classification will not be able to achieve this.

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II. Making Use ofSources ofInformation

1 . There are three types of sources tobe used in preparing aspedalized vocabulary:

a) Terminology publicationssuchas technical dictionariesand treatises withregard to terminology.

b) Publications not specially concerning terminology:handbooks, textbooks, technical encyclopaedias, com-mercial catalogues.

2. The most important sources are the various internationalstandards and recommendations contained in each of the typeof sources mentioned above. UNESCO bibliographies onterminology listsand technical dictionariesin thefield of pureand applied sciencesare alsotobe used assources ofreference.

3. The first step in the compilation of a terminology list is toestablish the system of classifying all concepts that are to beincluded. The number ofconcepts (for example, 300, 500 or1000) should be determined beforehand..For this purposereferto ISORecommendation R704 1968 (E)on namingprin-ciples.


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III. Concept and Definition

1. What Concept means,A concept ofunit ofthought is not similar to its reference be-cause a concept is an abstraction. A concept is represented bya spoken or written term.

2. Limiting the Concept.Limiting aconcept requires prior determination of thelimitsofitsabstractions and its relationship with otherconcepts in the

same subjectfield. Therefore, itis necessarytodetermine theserelationships such as genus, species and so on. For example,pohonpisang is a species of pohon. Relationship ofconceptsother than that of genus-species is the relationship within aclassification, for instancethat within the family system:family,kinship, matrilinear, bilinear and so forth.

3 . Table ofSynopses ofConcepts.

Thedemarcation pfconcepts mustbe accompanied by a tableofsynopses, i.e. a table ofconceptsbased on classification, ora graphicalrepresentation that illustrates itsgenealogy (ashasbeen done by the Terminology Committee for Petrology).

The arrangement of terms according to alphabetical orderis beneficial only as a means of producing an alphabeticterminology list but in practice it takes up too much timeand

energy.

4. Order of Importance from Similar Characteristics.Aconcepthasintrinsic and extrinsic characteristics. Theintrinsiccharacteristics are related to shape, appearance, size essence,hardness and softness, weight and soon.

The extrinsic characteristics canbe subdivided into charac-

teristics related to (1) purpose (description, function, scope,location and position in a particular set); and (2) origin (me-thod of formation, discoverer, inventor, describer, producer,place oforigin or supplier).


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GUIDE FOR TH E COMPILATION OFTERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES

belong to: operate, operation, feedback, variation.c) If a table ofconcepts hasbeen prepared, each concept

is given a serial number. New concepts are insertedbetween the listed concepts. These new concepts aredesignated by adding small letters to the precedingnumbers (forexample, 307a) so that theserial numberis not altered. This procedure is best doneon computer.

d) When the concepts exceed the given field, borrowedconceptsand conceptsin general use have to be listedin the vocabulary, it should be ascertained beforehand

that they have already been studied by a competentauthority on the subject. If they have, the terms anddefinitions adopted by theauthority should be retaineduntil some standardization is reached, as long as theterm fulfils the basics of term formation and namingprinciples.

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lv. Preparation of the Manuscript

1. The Definition as a Starting Point

a) Each concept is written on a manuscript slip. Whenseeking or selectingan appropriate term for a concept,it is necessary to start with a clear definition of theconcept. The description of the definition should havea reference as astarting point, the referencebeing crea-ted or found in one of the sources. This method istoensure that the coverage of meaning of a particularconcept isexpressed inan explicit manner so that intheprocessofcoining or selectingterms, thewrong choiceof words is avoided. For instance the term auto-suggestion is literally translated as saran din whenin fact suggestion here does not mean saran or

usul. Characteristics of definition are given in ISORecommendation 180-R704 on naming principles.

b) In the process of seeking or selecting the appropriateterm,the given concept must beclear.Towards clarify-ing the concept, a set of intrinsic characteristics shouldbe listed which in turn will determine the scope andapplication ofthe term. Theset ofintrinsic characteris-

tics is called the intension of the concept and what-ever can beapplied from it iscalled its extension. Forexamples,motorcaror carhas thebasicmeaningofmotorized vehicle which usesa form of energy and isused tocarry passengers.Thebasic characteristicoftheconcept here is vehicle, +energy, etc which is differentfrom lorrywhich has the basic meaning of motori-zed vehicle which uses fuel and is used to transportgoods. Besides that, a motorcar can be related to itsmaker, the type of engine or energy used, which areall extensions of the basic meaning. Therefore, theextension of the word motorcar or car will beMercedes car, diesel car, etc.


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G U ID E FORT H E COMPILATIONO F TERMINOLOGICAL D I C F I O N A R I E S

2. Concordance of Definition

Adefinitionshould determine tieposition ofthe given conceptin the system of all related concepts to which itbelongs. Thecharacteristics underlying the definition should be comparedwith that ofother related concepts.

3. Use of Terms in Definition

All specialized teqns that are usedto define aconcept shouldbemadeseparate entries andgiven definitions oftheir own inthe same publication. However, the situation whereby themeaning of a term is defined withthe aid of anotherconceptwhich in turn is defined by the first concept canarise. There-fore avoid definition by this circular method of crossreferen-cing.

4. Delimiting the Scope of a Definition

Sometimes the definition can onlybe applied to part of themeaning. In this case the degree of application should bestressed, for example, by a note that the given definition onlyoccurs in certain fields or for certain publications.

5. Preciseness of a Definition

The degree of preciseness of a definition depends on the typeand purpose ofthetechnical dictionary aswell as itstargetuser.For example, the definition of a mathematical concept in atextbook will be more precise than in a general dictionary. Iftheconcept isnot precisely or comprehensively defined,itshouldat least be provided withan explanation or a description.

6. The Nearest Genus

The genus used in the definition based on intrinsic charac-teristics (intension of the concept) is the nearest related genusthat haseither been defined in the dictionary or is viewed asgenerally known.

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7. Definition Based on Inadequate Intrinsic Characteristics

The distinguishing characteristeric in a definition based onintrinsic characteristics should be adequate. For example, chi-sel = carpenters tool, does notdistinguish the chisel fromthehammer, saworscraper.Incomplete definitions suchas thisareeasily identified because both parts in the equation cannotbe interchanged. The characteristics of definitionsare given inISO Recommendation 180-R704 on naming principles.

8. Benefit of Defining Based on Field of Application

Anextensionaldefinitioncannot be complete because,probablyadditional species maycomeinto existence or arecreated afterthegiven definitionisformulated.However, oftenan extensionaldefinition isclearerthan an intensionaldefinition. Anintensionaldefinition is useful for practical reasons (as a definition or asa complement for an intensional definition). For instance, themeaning oftrianglecan beeasilyexplainedwhen thewordsegitiga isused.

9. Illustration and Its Use

Illustrations are often used toclarify a definition or to make itmore precise.Depending on what they areusedfor,illustrationsmay be in the form of photographs, ordiagrams.

10. Selection of Terms

Based on thedefinitionformulated, the terms tobe included ina terminology list or dictionaryare selectedor coined followingthe procedure of term formation in the handbook. If severalsynonymous termi are used or can be used, they should bedifferentiated as follows:

1. preferred terms 2. permitted terms3. aiternative terms 4. deprecated terms

based on IV, 4.4 Guidelines for the Formation of Terms in Malayon synonyms and synonymity. For practicalpurposes, indraft-

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GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICILONARIES

ing terminology lists or dictionaries, deprecated terms neednot be included for obvious reasons.

11. Correspondence between Term and Concept

The literalmeaningof a derived term,for example,in theformofa derivative, compound word, andphrase, as well as the fi-gurative meaningfor example, metaphor and metonym shouldreflect the specific characteristics of the concept.

12. Literal Meaning ofDerived Termsand WordCombination

A termconsistingofa derivativeorwordcombination is similarto an abbreviated definition. Such a term should reflect themeaning expressed in the combination of concepts that formsitsbasis.Besides that becauseofitsshortened form,such atermneed notbe tied up with each component in the combinationofconcept and definition. What is needed isthe characteristicthat distinguishes it from other related concepts. For example,rumah sewa is betterthan rumah sewaan or rumah yangdisewakan;jambatan gantung is betterthan jambatan yangdigantung; Akta Hasutan isbetter than Akta MencegahHasutan.

13. Feasibility of Terms Forming Derivatives

In choosing new terms, lookfor those which easily permit theformation ofderivatives according to normal grammatical ru-les. For example,pelbagai permits theformation ofderivativesbetter than berbagai. From pelbagai, these derivatives areformed: kepelbagaian,mempelbagaikan, dipelbagaikan where-as memberbagaikan, diberbagaikan, keberbagaian, fromberbagai are notgrammatical.

14. Confusing Word-Combination TermThe feature explained in terms from word combination (D-M)which does not refer to the genus of the concept, should beavoided. For example, kaki lima (five-foot way).

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MAJLIS BAHASA BRUNEI DARUSSAL&M-INDONESIA.MAL&YSIA (}AABBIM)

15. Term Based on Transfer of Meaning

Newterms can becreated by assigning a specific meaning toa general word ortechnical term in adifferent subject field aslong as the subject field is so far removed that there is nolikelihood of ambiguity or double meaning. Forexample, ma-sukan and keluaran for input and output.

A well-chosen term of this type will bemore concise,thana derived term or a word-combination term coined for thispurpose. For example, gulrna(weed) is betterthan tumbuhanpengganggu.

16. Ambiguous Terms

A term with many meaningscannotbeavoided. However, sucha term which is polysemous or homonymous in nature isconfusing if: 1. The same term carries almost similar mean-ings, and 2. The terms often arise in similar contexts because

they are usedin the samesubjectfield. Inthis case, it is neces-sary tolook for a different term in place of the termwhich isconfusing. Bola pancang (bowling) and tiang pancang(concrete pillar) will not create ambiguity because the subjectfields are far removed. Ambiguity will arise if, for example,alkohol is used for 1 . kelas senyawaan alkohol, 2. etilalkohol or etanol, and 3. minuman keras.

17. Synonymous Terms

Synonymous terms aredifficultto rememberand canbe confus-ing. Example: rambang, rawak, rawu, acak, serampang areusedforrandom, haphazard, casual anddesultory.Intechnicallanguage, the emphasis should be on clarity and not variety.Standardization of synonymous terms should be given specialattention.

18. Synonymous Terms in the Original and InternationalLanguages

Terms that are international in nature, mostly originate fromLatin orGreek. Contrary toitem 17 above, international terms

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G U I D EFOR THE COM PILATION OFTERMINOLOGICALDICFI0NARIE5

or their Malay equivalents of the same family should be re-tained as synonyms. In official texts, for instance in law, theoriginal terms - if any - are used, whereas the internationalterms should be identified and used in internationalcommunication. Compare, for instance, frekuensi and ke-kerapan, kualitiand mutu, diameterand garistengah.In aterminology list or technical dictionary, the synonymousterms are italicized withthe more important term precedingthe others.

19. Adherence toAccepted Terms

If a term or concept has been widely and generally accepted,it should not be changed without a pressing or convincingreason. A valid justificationwould be a case of infringing thebasics of terminology formation or naming, for instance, if thechange is not accepted, a new ambiguous synonym or termwould be created. It is for thisreason that the basicguideline

given here should be used when forming new terms and forselecting the most importantterm among those available.

20. Change of Meaning

A change ofmeaning is notgenerally easily accepted except ifthe change occurs in a veryspecialized vocabulary (see sectionon formation of terms, chap II, 2.3 General Guidelines for theFormationof Terms inMalay). Forinstance, delimiting the mean-ing ofmenonton and penonton so that they are no longerused in connection with television, was not effective.

If, because themeaning of a wordhaswidened, the specia-lized term changes thenthe scope ofmeaningfrom theconceptrelated to the term has to be redefined with care. Ifthe termis still confusingafter alteringitsdefinition, lookfor anew termaltogether.

21. The Context That Changes the Constituents of a TermThe context of generic terms will narrow down the meaningso that it becomes similar to the specific meaning. That willenable language users to shorten a term in a particular text.

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For example, one of the types of vehicle (genus), outside aparticular context willbe termedmotorized vehicle (species).In the sentence The vehicle has no more petrol, the termvehicle refers to the meaning motorized vehicle.

22. Transliteration

Ifinterminology workit is necessaryto resort totransliterationofCyrillic(Russian), Arabic,Ibranior Greekto Roman characters,

the system oftransliteration inI SO Recommendation should beused as follows:ISO R9 International System fortransliteration of Cyrillic

Characters;ISO R233 International Systemfortransliteration ofArabic

Characters;ISO R259 Transliteration of Hebrew; andISO R315 Transliteration of Greek into Latin Characters

In this case, it should be remembered that the method oftransliteration in ISO-R233 is for transliteration ofArabic andArabic writing to Roman characters (example, for Islamic reli-gious termsor Arabictexts)and not themethod oftransliterationofMalay fromJawi to Roman characters.

23. Coordinating Committee

The completedmanuscriptshouldbesubmitted toa number ofexperts for their comments or brought before a committee fordiscussion. There should bea coordinatjng committee to coor-dinate spccialized vocabularies of various fields to avoidduplication of ~work.

24. Printers Manuscript

When the draft of the terminology list or dictionary has beenamended or completed, then the printers manuscript can beprepared.

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menyerap absorbterserapkan absorbableserapan absorptionpenyerap (zat) absorbentpenyerapan absorptionketerserapan absorbabilitydaya scrap (jenis) absorptivitykedayaserapan absorpti vity

4. Anotherbenefitofusingtheabovemethod isthat anEnglish-Malay terminology list whose terms are tied up with suffixes,will not differ toogreatlyfromthesequenceinthe Malay-Englishterminology list.


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M A J LIS B A H A S A BR U N EI DARUSSALAM~INDONESIA~MALAYSIA(M AB BIM )

5. In those terms that are made up of phrases, each compo-nent, i.e. each word in the phrase, except the particle shouldbecome an entry for cross reference.

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GUIDE FOR THE COM PILATION OF TE RM INOL OGICAL DICF IONARIE S

VI. Publication

Serious thoughtshould begiven in consideringthe number ofcopies tobe published and the ways of distribution to ensurethat the terms reach the target user, because the standardizedvocabulary isto bedistributed to a large numberofpeople. Atbest, the publication of terms should be undertaken after theterminologylisthasbeen standardized byat least twocommit-teesto enable members to testthe approved terms in practicaluse. Feedback from users will encourage formation of newterms for a concept which is better than the one made by theprevious committee and will weed out formation of terms thatare below the mark.


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Appendix

Aclassificationsampleforpharmacyand mineralogyas amodelfor term formation isgiven below.

Appendix I

Pharmacy

Pharmaceutical Science

A. Pharmaceutics

1 . Pharmacological Details.2. Quantum Pharmacy3. Pharmaceutical Thermodynamics4 . Solution and Solubility5. Pharmaceutical Kinetics6. Dispersion System7 . Reology8. Biopharmacy

B. Pharmaceutical Biology

1. Pharmacognosis2. Phytochemistiy3. Serology and Immunology

4. AlergologyC. Pharmaceutical Chemistry

1. Nomenclature of Medicaments2 . Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry3. Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry4. Natural Products Chemistry5. Drug Design

D. Pharmacology

1. Drug Clearance2. Pharmacodynamics


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M A J LIS BAIJASA BR U N EI DARUSSALAM-INDONESIA-MALkYSIA (M ABB IM )

Appendix II

Mineral Science

Pure Science

A. Crystallography

1. Crystal System, Law, Hypothesis2. Superimposed Growth ofCrystal, Aggregate3. Crystal Chemistry. Chemical Morphology

Characteristic.Isomorphism and Polymorphism.

4. Irregularity. Inclusion. Defect. Distortion. NegativeCrystal.

5. Formation.Growth. Recrystallization. Characteristics.Monocrystal Form.

6. Pseudomorph and Pseudomorphism.7. Molecular Structure. Theory of Discontinuum.

B. Mineralogy1. Identification of minerals and its various charac-

teristics.2. Free Elements. Carbide. Boride.Phosphide. Nitride.3. Sulphide. Sulphosalts. Se and Te minerals that are

suitable.4. Halogen salts. Halogenide and oxy-halogenide.

5. Oxide. Hydroxide. Oxysulphide.6. Silicate. Titanate. Zirconate. Torate.7. Oxyacid salts8. Organic mineral.9. Minerals according to crystallography, visual and

other physical criteria.

C. Economic Geology1. Classification of mineral deposits2. Determination and allocation ofeconomic oresand

minerals.

3. Origin and method ofmineral formation.4. Metalliferous minerals

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GUIDE FO RTHE CO M PILATION OFTERMINOLOGICAL D ICTIONARIE S

Non-metalliferous mineralsCarboniferous mineral deposits

Precious and Semi-precious stonesMineral spring

II. Applied Science I Mineral Technology

A. General Mining.

1. Preliminary investigation and exploration2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Mining and mine operationsMining Equipment and facilitiesTransportation and DumpingProcessing of mineralsProblem of regulation and control andreclamationof mining land

7. HealthProtectionand safety inmines.MiningPolicy

B. Mineral Oil, Natural Gas, Earth-Warming1. Preliminary investigation and exploration

2. Operations3. Equipment and Facilities4. Transportation and Dumping5. Manufacturing6. Problem of regulation and control7. Healthprotection and safety inmines.Mining Policy.

5 .

6.

7.8.

Documents

Guide for the Compilation of Terminological