GSR 2700 ISX - Operations Manual

GNSS Receiver System

GSR2700 ISX

Operations Manual

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POINT, Inc. — Integrated Measurement Solutions©2007 POINT, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. 090-0-0058

SOKKIA GPS Worldwide

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GNSS Receiver System

GSR2700 ISX

Operations Manual

We welcome written communications regarding our products at:POINT, Inc. 16900 West 118th Terrace, Olathe, Kansas 66061 U.S.A. We strive to provide the highest quality documentation and welcome your feedback. If you have comments or suggestions about our online or printed documentation, e-mail us at [email protected]. For technical questions, contact Technical Support (see Section 1.7, Obtaining Technical Assistance, page 8).

Document number: 58023002Part number: 750-1-0058Rev 1February 12, 2007

Copyright Notice© 2006-2007 POINT, Inc. All rights reserved.Do not reproduce, translate, store in a retrieval system, or transmit in any form or means (electronic, photocopy, record, or otherwise) without prior written permission from POINT, Inc. The copyright laws of the United States of America (“U.S.A.”) and/or the jurisdiction where you are located determine any limits or restrictions of your rights with regard to this publication and the equipment.

Trademark NoticeSOKKIA® and Spectrum® are registered trademarks of SOKKIA Co., Ltd. SDR® is a registered trademark of POINT, Inc. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by POINT, Inc. is under license. Pulse Aperture Correlator (PAC)™ and Pinwheel™ are trademarks of NovAtel Inc. All other product and brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

GSR2700 ISX FCC and CE NoticeThis device complies with CISPR 22 Class B.This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try and correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: a) reorient or relocate the receiving antenna; b) increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver; c) connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected; or d) consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.IMPORTANT! To maintain compliance with the limits of a Class B digital device, you must use properly shielded interface cables (Belden #9539 or equivalent) when you use the serial data ports, and double-shielded cables (Belden #9945 or equivalent) when you use the I/O strobe output.WARNING! Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by POINT, Inc. could result in a violation of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and void the user’s authority to operate this equipment.

WEEE NoticeIf you purchased your GSR2700 ISX in Europe, you must return it to your dealer or supplier at the end of its life. The objectives of the European Community's environment policy are, in particular, to preserve, protect and improve the quality of the environment, protect human health and utilize natural resources prudently and rationally. Sustainable development advocates the reduction of wasteful consumption of natural resources and the prevention of pollution. Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is a regulated area. Where the generation of waste cannot be avoided, it should be reused or recovered for its material or energy. WEEE products may be recognized by their wheeled bin label.

RoHS NoticeThe GSR2700 ISX is compliant with the European Union (EU) Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive 2002/95/EC.

GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual i

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 About the GSR2700 ISX...........................................1

1.2 Features ...................................................................2

1.3 System Components ................................................3

1.4 Document Conventions ............................................6

1.5 Usage Cautions ........................................................6

1.6 Finding More Information..........................................8

1.7 Obtaining Technical Assistance ...............................8

Chapter 2 GSR2700 ISX Components 9

2.1 Enclosure Features ..................................................9

2.2 Ports .......................................................................112.2.1 Antenna port....................................................... 122.2.2 Communication ports ......................................... 132.2.3 Power port .......................................................... 13

2.3 Cables ....................................................................13

2.4 Batteries .................................................................14

2.5 Memory...................................................................15

2.6 Antenna ..................................................................16

2.7 Internal Radio .........................................................17

2.8 Wireless Communication........................................17

2.9 Display Panel..........................................................18

2.10 Audible Annunciator ...............................................18

Chapter 3 Display Panel Operations 19

3.1 Power Button ..........................................................20

3.2 Gauges ...................................................................233.2.1 Battery life gauge ............................................... 233.2.2 Satellite tracking gauge...................................... 243.2.3 Memory gauge ................................................... 25

Contents

Contents

ii GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual

3.2.4 Timer gauge .......................................................26

3.3 Status Indicators .................................................... 283.3.1 Receiver health...................................................283.3.2 COM port communication status ........................303.3.3 Wireless communication status ..........................313.3.4 Internal radio status ............................................32

Chapter 4 Audible Annunciator 34

Chapter 5 System Setup 37

5.1 Operation Overview ............................................... 37

5.2 Setting Up at the Office .......................................... 38

5.3 Setting Up for Field Operations.............................. 395.3.1 Typical RTK rover setup .....................................395.3.2 Typical RTK base setup .....................................425.3.3 Typical static setup.............................................46

Chapter 6 Powering the GSR2700 ISX 48

6.1 Turning the System On and Off ............................. 48

6.2 Power Source......................................................... 486.2.1 Internal batteries.................................................486.2.2 External power source........................................49

6.3 Powering Peripheral Devices ................................. 50

6.4 Power Consumption............................................... 50

6.5 Insufficient Power................................................... 51

6.6 Charging the Internal Batteries .............................. 52

Chapter 7 Collecting Data 53

7.1 How Data is Stored ................................................ 53

7.2 Data Collection Methods ........................................ 537.2.1 Handheld data collection ....................................537.2.2 Receiver logging to internal memory with POW-ERUP 54

7.3 Data File Naming ................................................... 57

Contents

GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual iii

7.4 Data Storage Capacity ...........................................58

7.5 Resetting the Receiver ...........................................59

7.6 Erasing Files Stored on the Receiver .....................59

Appendix A Technical Specifications 60

Appendix B Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections 66

Appendix C Configuring Satel Radios 70

C.1 About the 3ASd and Epic Radios ...........................70

C.2 Radio Cables ..........................................................71

C.3 Setting the Frequency ............................................71

C.4 Setting the Transmitter Output Power ....................72

C.5 Turning On Error Correction ...................................73

C.6 Using a Radio as a Repeater .................................73

Appendix D Installing the USB Driver 75

D.1 Downloading the USB Driver..................................75

D.2 Installing the Driver.................................................75D.2.1 Windows XP driver installation ........................... 76D.2.2 Windows 2000 driver installation........................ 77

D.3 Configuring USB COM Ports ..................................78

D.4 Windows Driver Signing .........................................79

Glossary 81

Index 89

iv GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual

Tables

1 GSR2700 ISX Features...................................................... 2

2 Standard Component Descriptions .................................... 5

3 Optional Component Descriptions...................................... 6

4 Receiver Underside Descriptions ..................................... 10

5 Port Descriptions .............................................................. 11

6 Battery Operation Times .................................................. 14

7 Display Panel Components .............................................. 19

8 Power Button Functions ................................................... 21

9 Battery Life Gauge Indicators........................................... 24

10 Satellite Tracking Gauge Indicators ................................. 25

11 Memory Gauge Indicators ................................................ 25

12 Timer Gauge - Baseline Length Mode ............................. 27

13 Timer Gauge - Elapsed Time Mode ................................. 27

14 Temperature Issues ......................................................... 29

15 Voltage Issues.................................................................. 29

16 Firmware Issues ............................................................... 29

17 COM Ports Communication Status LEDs......................... 30

18 Wireless Communication Status LEDs............................. 31

19 Internal Radio Status LEDs .............................................. 33

20 Audible Annunciator Conditions ....................................... 34

21 RTK Rover Setup Components ........................................ 40

22 RTK Base Setup Components (internal radio) ................. 43

23 RTK Base Setup Components (external radio) ................ 44

24 Static Setup Components................................................. 47

25 POWERUP Configurations............................................... 56

26 Auto-Generated File Name Convention ........................... 58

Tables

GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual v

27 Hours of Storage with 64 MB Logging Capacity ...............59

28 GSR2700 ISX Technical Specifications............................60

vi GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual

Figures

r1 Standard RTK Rover System Components........................ 4

2 Standard RTK Base System Components ......................... 4

3 Optional System Components ........................................... 5

4 GSR2700 ISX..................................................................... 9

5 Receiver Underside View ................................................. 10

6 Ports ................................................................................. 11

7 Internal Radio Antenna..................................................... 12

8 Antenna Radome ............................................................. 16

9 Display Panel Components .............................................. 19

10 Power Button Functions ................................................... 21

11 Typical RTK Rover Setup................................................. 40

12 Typical RTK Base Setup (internal radio) .......................... 42

13 Typical RTK Base Setup (external radio) ........................ 43

14 Typical Static Setup.......................................................... 46

15 Satel Radios ..................................................................... 70

Chapter 1

GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual 1

IntroductionThis manual provides complete information about your GSR2700 ISX receiver and its functions, including components, system setup, operations, and data collection.

1.1 About the GSR2700 ISXThe SOKKIA GSR2700 ISX is a fully integrated, high-precision GNSS solution for use in both RTK and post-processing applications. It integrates a dual-frequency receiver, antenna, memory, batteries, wireless connectivity, and a differential correction radio into one compact enclosure.

For wireless connectivity, the GSR2700 ISX supports Bluetooth® wireless technology to allow you to communicate with other Bluetooth-enabled devices (for example, your handheld data collector), providing a completely cable-free option.

For differential correction transmission flexibility, the GSR2700 ISX uses either an internal UHF or GSM/GPRS radio. It also offers the innovative feature of voice messages to indicate receiver status during field operation.

Surveyors can use the GSR2700 ISX for topographic, stake out, and control surveys. Excellent acquisition and reacquisition times mean this receiver continues to excel in environments where signal obstructions are present and frequent interruptions of signals can be expected.

The GSR2700 ISX features a rugged design for use in adverse environments, and it is engineered to provide years of reliable operation.

You can also use the GSR2700 ISX handheld component (SDR+) and desktop post-processing software (Spectrum® Survey Suite) with the GSR2700 ISX. When used together, these components provide a powerful, flexible, and easy-to-use GNSS system.

2 GSR2700 ISX Operations Manual

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.2 FeaturesThe GSR2700 ISX is capable of the following modes of operation:

• RTK rover operation

• RTK base operation

• Navigation

• Differential GPS

• Static post-processing

• Stop-and-go kinematic post-processing

The GSR2700 ISX features are summarized in Table 1. For detailed technical information, see Appendix A, Technical Specifications, page 60.

Table 1: GSR2700 ISX Features

General

Full code and carrier tracking of: GPS: 14 L1, 14 L2, and support for L5 GPS. GLONASS: 12 L1, 12 L2. SBAS: 2. L-band: 1

New triple frequency receiver board: GLONASS constellation tracking with support for future full GLONASS real-time positioning

Full wave-length carrier measurements from new integrated GNSS antenna with Pinwheel™ technology

Patented Pulse Aperture Correlator™ (PAC) technology for high-accuracy GPS measurement, multipath rejection, ionospheric corrections in position calculations

New high performance long range RTK algorithm that minimizes the delay in achieving fixed solutions

Optional internal UHF or GSM/GPRS radio for differential correction transmission or reception

Rugged, shock resistant, waterproof, buoyant enclosure with lead-free components

Bluetooth™ wireless technology

Two bidirectional communication ports that can transfer data at rates up to 230400 bps (serial through COM1), and 1 Mbps (USB through COM2)

Capability to log data to internal memory—64 MB internal memory standard (options up to 2 GB available)

2 Input/Output strobe signals: mark input (position & time), 1PPS timing output


Introduction Chapter 1

1.3 System ComponentsWhen you receive your GSR2700 ISX system, ensure that you have received all of the components for your specific configuration (rover or base).

Standard rover components are illustrated in Figure 1, Standard RTK Rover System Components, page 4. Standard base components are illustrated in Figure 2, Standard RTK Base System Components, page 4.

NOTE Generally, the system components are illustrated with the assumption that an internal radio is being used.

Components are described in Table 2, Standard Component Descriptions, page 5.

Low power consumption

Peripheral power supply output to COM1 and COM2

LED display status indictors

Voice messages or sounds to indicate receiver status

Output Data Log Formats

Proprietary ASCII and binary

CMR Standard: CMR, CMR+

NMEA Standard: GPGGA, GPGLL, GPGRS, GPGSA, GPGST, GPGSV, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPVTG, GPZDA

RTCM V2.3 Standard: Types 1, 2, 3, 9, 16, 18/19, 20/21, 22, 59FKP, 59N

RTCM V3.0 Standard: Types 1001–1006

RTCA Standard: Types 1, 7

NTRIP protocol support for RTK

Maximum Data Logging Rates (per second)

Computed Data: Position, speed, direction, & clock offset = 20

Measured Data (Observations): Pseudorange & carrier phase = 20

Table 1: GSR2700 ISX Features (continued)



Figure 1: Standard RTK Rover System Components

Figure 2: Standard RTK Base System Components

GPS Receiver System

GSR2700 IS

Operations Manual

431

5 6

7 8 9

1 2 3

54 6

GPS Receiver System

GSR2700 IS

Operations Manual

7 8 9



Figure 3 illustrates optional components that you may also want to use with your system. Components are described in Table 3, Optional Component Descriptions, page 6.

Figure 3: Optional System Components

Table 2: Standard Component Descriptions

Number Description

1 GPS receiver

2 Tribrach and tribrach adapter

3 Internal radio antenna

4 Quick release

5 AC adapter

6 PC download cable (USB)

7 Tape measure

8 Manual

9 Hard case

1 2 3

4 5



1.4 Document ConventionsThis manual uses notes and cautions to emphasize important information.

NOTE A note further explains information in the previous paragraph.

1.5 Usage Cautions

Table 3: Optional Component Descriptions

Number Description

1 PC download cable (serial)

2 External battery

3 External battery cable

4 Data collector

5 Data collector mounting bracket

CAUTION

A caution provides information about possible sources of difficulty or situations that may damage the product.

CAUTION

• If your receiver has an internal radio, always ensure that the radio antenna is properly connected to your receiver before turning the unit on. Never disconnect the radio antenna while the internal radio is still powered. Disconnecting the antenna while the receiver is on may cause irreparable damage to the internal circuitry of your radio, particularly when the radio is transmitting information.



• If travelling with or shipping the GSR2700 ISX by air, ensure that you remove the tripod or survey pole, or any other mount component from the socket on the receiver’s underside (Figure 5, Receiver Underside View, page 10). The receiver contains a vent that is designed to equalize pressure inside the housing. If any component is in the 12 cm (5/8") thread mount socket, air flow to the pressure vent may be limited or blocked and internal damage could occur to the receiver.

• This receiver incorporates circuitry to absorb most static discharges. However, severe static shock may cause inaccurate operation of the unit. Use anti-static precautions where possible.

• This device is a precision instrument. Although it is designed for rugged operating conditions, it performs best when handled with care.

• When the port covers are closed, the enclosure is sealed to provide protection against adverse environmental conditions. To minimize the possibility of damage, always keep the ports covered except when in use.

• The GSR2700 ISX can accept an input supply voltage in the range of +9 to +18 VDC. Do not operate the receiver outside the specified voltage range.

• Drawing more than the specified maximum current (1 amp combined total) from the two COM ports will cause an internal fuse to interrupt the current to prevent damage to the unit. If this happens, immediately reduce the load and allow the unit to automatically reset its protection circuitry.

• Always use the correct cables with the receiver and handle them correctly (don’t pinch or bend sharply). Failure to do so will damage the receiver, and void the unit’s warranty.

CAUTION



1.6 Finding More InformationThe following documents provide supporting documentation to this manual:

• Planning Reference Manual. Describes how to use Planning software, including determining satellite availability and editing configurations.

• GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool for Allegro CX Release Notes. Describes how to use the Config Tool software on the Allegro CX to configure basic receiver settings, including audio language and volume, internal radio settings, and default (factory reset) POWERUP configuration.

• POWERUP Configuration Manager Release Notes. Describes how to use POWERUP Configuration Manager software utility to customize, edit, or delete the receiver’s default POWERUP configuration (advanced users).

NOTE GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool and POWERUP Configuration Manager software tools are available from the POINT, Inc. website at www.point-inc.com (select Support).

• Spectrum Survey Reference Manual. Describes how to process and adjust your data using Spectrum Survey software.

• SDR+ User’s Guide. Describes how to use the SDR+ data collection software (for example, if you are using the GSR2700 ISX receiver with SDR+ for data collection).

1.7 Obtaining Technical AssistanceTechnical support is available from the distributor where you purchased this product. When you contact technical support, please make sure you have the following information:

• Your receiver information, including: serial number, part number, model, firmware version, and internal radio information and/or any other modular details (if applicable).

• A descriptive and concise explanation of the problem.

For a list of SOKKIA worldwide offices, see the list at the back of this manual.

Chapter 2


GSR2700 ISX Components

The GSR2700 ISX enclosure is fully sealed and houses your system’s GNSS receiver, antenna, batteries, memory, internal radio (if installed), and wireless communication device. The integration of components into a single enclosure makes it unnecessary to use a backpack.

2.1 Enclosure FeaturesThe top of the GSR2700 ISX encloses the antenna and radome, surrounded by a shock-absorbing protective bumper.

One side of the receiver shows the radio antenna port and the display panel (see Figure 4), which you can use to control and monitor the system.

Brightly colored LEDs display the status of your system.

Figure 4: GSR2700 ISX


Chapter 2 GSR2700 ISX Components

The ports are accessible from the underside of the unit. See Figure 5 for a view of the underside of the receiver. For details about the ports, see Section 2.2, Ports, page 11.

Figure 5: Receiver Underside View

Table 4: Receiver Underside Descriptions

Number Description

1 Standard 12 cm (5/8”) survey mount socket, compatible with a standard quick release fitting for mounting the unit on a tripod or survey pole. The mounting socket accepts a threaded stud up to 19 mm (0.75”) in length.

2 The internal antenna for the Bluetooth wireless communication device (square raised area). For more information about the wireless communication device, see Section 2.8, Wireless Communication, page 17.

3 Phase center offset label (antenna specifications).

CAUTION

If travelling with or shipping the GSR2700 ISX by air, remove the tripod or survey pole from the survey mount socket (see #1 in Figure 5). This will prevent any damage that can occur if the pressure vent inside the receiver is blocked.

21

3


GSR2700 ISX Components Chapter 2

2.2 PortsThe GSR2700 ISX features an external power input port, two communication ports, and an antenna connector port for the internal radio. All ports are located on the underside of the enclosure and are protected from dust and water by covers.

NOTE Leave the port covers closed when not in use.

Each port is labeled with an icon and text, as well as a colored label, for easy identification. See Figure 6 for a view of the ports. See Table 5, Port Descriptions, page 11 for a description of each port.

Figure 6: Ports

Table 5: Port Descriptions

Number Port Icon Description Color

1 Antenna Antenna port for the internal radio

2 COM1 Communication port for handheld communication

blue

432

1



2.2.1 Antenna port

The GSR2700 ISX has an external TNC antenna connector for an internal UHF radio antenna or a GSM/GPRS radio antenna (if installed in the receiver body). Figure 7 shows a view of the receiver with the UHF radio antenna attached. For more information about the internal radio, see Section 2.7, Internal Radio, page 17.

Figure 7: Internal Radio Antenna

3 COM2 Communication port for radio and USB communication.

white

4 Power Power input port red

Table 5: Port Descriptions (continued)

Number Port Icon Description Color

CAUTION

Attach only a SOKKIA antenna to the GSR2700 ISX antenna port. Do not attach other antennas.

Internalradioantenna



2.2.2 Communication ports

Using the two communication ports (COM) on the receiver, you can communicate with accessory devices such as a data collector or radio. Each COM port also provides a power output for powering accessory devices (for example, an external UHF radio).

Typically, the COM1 port is intended for use with a data collector. The COM2 port is typically intended for use with a radio. You can also connect your PC’s USB port to the COM2 port for high-speed data transfer from the internal memory.

The GSR2700 ISX can provide power output through the COM1 and COM2 ports for powering accessories. The output voltage from the COM port is approximately the same as the input to the unit. For more information about powering peripheral devices, see Section 6.3, Powering Peripheral Devices, page 50.

2.2.3 Power port

The GSR2700 ISX has one power input port for connecting an external power source to the receiver, such as an external battery, as an alternative to using the internal batteries. For more information about the internal batteries, see Section 2.4, Batteries, page 14. For more information about power input, see Section 6.2, Power Source, page 48.

2.3 CablesTo prevent damage to both the GSR2700 ISX and the cables, each GSR2700 ISX cable connector is keyed to ensure that the cable can be inserted in only one way. In addition, connectors have a latching mechanism that requires careful insertion and removal from ports.

Cables are color coded according to the port to which they connect. Both the cable and the corresponding port on the receiver indicate the appropriate color (see Table 5, Port Descriptions, page 11).



Observe the following guidelines when handling cables:

1. Before inserting the cable, ensure that you are using the right cable for the port.

2. Check the color coding on the cable and the port to ensure that they match.

3. Line up the red dot on the cable connector shell with the red index mark on the port.

4. Insert the connector until it seats with a click. It will then be locked in place.

To remove a cable, grasp the connector and pull straight out. If there is a knurled ring, grasp it and pull.

2.4 BatteriesThe GSR2700 ISX incorporates two internal custom Li-Ion battery packs. Table 6 provides approximate operational run times for the batteries, based on the setup and survey methods you use.

CAUTION

Do not pull directly on the cable.

Table 6: Battery Operation Times

Internal batteries will power the unit continuously for <X> time based on setup:

Run Time

Rover receiving RTK/RTCA corrections though an internal UHF radio and connected though Bluetooth to an Allegro data collector:

10.6 hrs

Static point setup without the use of an internal radio (with no RTK corrections logged/transmitted, with Bluetooth COM port set to auto, with standard logs logged to file and with standard static points logged to file):

~16 hrs

UHF rover (not connected to Bluetooth): ~14.5 hrs



If you notice degraded battery life, contact your local SOKKIA distributor (refer to the list of addresses at the back of this manual).

NOTE The GSR2700 ISX can also be powered using an external power source. For more information about additional power input, see Section 6.2, Power Source, page 48.

2.5 MemoryThe GSR2700 ISX comes with 64 MB of internal memory to support post-processing applications. For information about how many hours of data can be stored in memory, see Section 7.4, Data Storage Capacity, page 58.

NOTE Contact your local SOKKIA dealer if the receiver’s internal memory needs to be serviced or upgraded.

Base station with an internal UHF radio, transmitting RTK/ RTCA corrections at 1 W:

9 hrs

GSM rover (using internal GSM module) receiving RTK corrections from an NTRIP site:

12.6 hrs

CAUTION

Never attempt to service the batteries yourself—doing so will void your product warranty. The internal batteries should be serviced by your local SOKKIA distributor.

Table 6: Battery Operation Times

Internal batteries will power the unit continuously for <X> time based on setup:

Run Time



2.6 AntennaThe GSR2700 ISX features the upgraded and integrated antenna (see Figure 8), which is capable of GPS and GLONASS measurement tracking. It also includes Pinwheel™ technology.

Figure 8: Antenna Radome

The phase center offset label is located on the underside of the receiver (see Figure 5, Receiver Underside View, page 10).

The circumference of the receiver features a tape measure anchor point from where you can measure the antenna height.

NOTE You can use this height measurement location with a SOKKIA tape measure (custom tape with offset scale and reference tip) or a typical hardware store tape measure.



2.7 Internal RadioDepending on your particular system configuration, the GSR2700 ISX may include an internal UHF or GSM/GPRS radio for transmitting or receiving differential corrections for RTK applications.

The radio antenna connects on the underside of the receiver (for details, see Section 2.2.1, Antenna port, page 12).

When your receiver has an internal GSM/GPRS radio, contact your local SOKKIA distributor for information about installing the SIM card supplied by your telecommunications service provider. For details about the UHF and GSM/GPRS internal radios, see Radio Link, page 63.

NOTE To view and modify the configuration of the internal radio, you can use the GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool software (see Section 1.6, Finding More Information, page 8).

2.8 Wireless CommunicationThe GSR2700 ISX features a built-in Class 2 Bluetooth wireless communication device, which allows for two concurrent Bluetooth connections to the GSR2700 ISX with Bluetooth-enabled data collectors, PCs, or other Bluetooth peripherals.

CAUTION

Always ensure that the radio antenna is properly connected to your receiver before turning the unit on. Never disconnect the radio antenna while the internal radio is still on. Removing the antenna while the unit is on may cause irreparable damage to the internal circuitry of your radio, particularly when the radio is transmitting information.



2.9 Display PanelThe GSR2700 ISX has an easy-to-use display panel with single-button operation and LED display indicators that give you a view of your system status. For details about the display panel features and how to use them, see Chapter 3, Display Panel Operations, page 19.

2.10 Audible AnnunciatorThe GSR2700 ISX features an audible annunciator, which issues a series of voice messages or sounds to alert you of the receiver’s current status during operation. For details about the audible annunciator, see Chapter 4, Audible Annunciator, page 34.

Chapter 3


Display Panel Operations

The GSR2700 ISX LED display panel provides receiver status information, including battery life, memory available, satellites tracked, and port and radio activity. In addition to the visual display, a series of voice messages or sounds alert you to receiver status and event conditions.

The display panel components are illustrated in Figure 9 and described in Table 7.

Figure 9: Display Panel Components

Table 7: Display Panel Components

Number Icon Description Reference

1 Receiver health indicator

Section 3.3.1, Receiver health LED, page 28

2 Power button Section 3.1, Power Button, page 20

3 Battery life gauge Section 3.2.1, Battery life gauge, page 23

4 Satellite tracking gauge

Section 3.2.2, Satellite tracking gauge, page 24

1

2

3 4 5 6 8 9

7


Chapter 3 Display Panel Operations

3.1 Power ButtonThe power button is used to turn the unit on or off, format or erase the internal memory, or perform a factory reset.

The number of seconds that you press the power button determines how the receiver will behave. At each time interval, the receiver issues voice messages or sounds to guide you through the process. For more information about voice messages and sounds, see Chapter 4, Audible Annunciator, page 34.

TIP Ensure that you firmly hold the power button for the entire duration that is required to perform the action you want.

The power button functions are illustrated in Figure 10, Power Button Functions, page 21 and summarized in Table 8, Power Button Functions, page 21.

5 Memory gauge Section 3.2.3, Memory gauge, page 25

6 Timer gauge Section 3.2.4, Timer gauge, page 26

7 COM port communication status indicators

Section 3.3.2, COM port communication status, page 30

8 Bluetooth Wireless communication status indicator

Section 3.3.3, Wireless communication status, page 31

9 Internal radio status indicator

Section 3.3.4, Internal radio status, page 32

Table 7: Display Panel Components (continued)

Number Icon Description Reference


Display Panel Operations Chapter 3

Figure 10: Power Button Functions

Table 8: Power Button Functions

ActionNumber of Seconds Description

Turn on 1 Press the button for 1 second and release to turn on the receiver. The battery life gauge indicates the progress of the startup sequence. After startup (approximately 20 seconds), the battery life gauge indicators will turn off for a short period, and you will hear the “Receiver Ready” message or sound that indicates that the system is operational.Note: It is normal for the receiver health indicator LEDs to illuminate during startup.

Turn off 3 Press the button for 3 seconds and/or until you hear the “Power Off” message or sound, and the top three battery life gauge LEDs illuminate.

Release to return to normal operation(no action taken)

Release during this period to erase memory(20-24 seconds)

Release during this period to factory reset(10-20 seconds)

Power off (3-9 seconds)

Power on (1 second)

25

20

15

10

3

1

Tim

e Li

ne (

seco

nds)



Factory reset 10 With the receiver on, press the button for 10 seconds until you hear the “Factory Reset” message or sound and the top three LEDs on the battery life, satellite tracking, and memory gauges illuminate. Release the button to reset all stored parameters on the receiver to their default values.Note: This action is irreversible.

Erase memory

20 With the receiver on, press the button for 20 seconds until you hear the “Delete Files” message or sound and the top three LEDs on the memory gauge illuminate. Release the button to delete all the files from the memory.Note: This action is irreversible. If you are unsure about whether you want to delete all the files, hold the button longer than 25 seconds, so that the receiver simply returns to normal operation.To delete individual files from the memory, use a data collector or SOKKIA software on your PC.

Disregard 25 When you hold the button longer than 25 seconds and you hear the “Continue Operation” message or sound, no action will be taken, and the receiver will return to normal operation. The receiver will not turn off, the data files will not be erased, and the settings will not revert to factory settings.

Table 8: Power Button Functions (continued)

ActionNumber of Seconds Description



3.2 GaugesThe GSR2700 ISX display panel features four gauges to provide information about the following:

• Battery life and charging status

• Satellites currently being tracked (page 24)

• Memory available (page 25)

• Time indicating the period of continuous data of sufficient quality for post-processing (page 26)

Each gauge contains five LEDs that illuminate to alert you of the system’s status. During typical operation, only one LED is illuminated on each gauge at any one time. The level illuminated indicates the status.

3.2.1 Battery life gauge

The battery life gauge displays the battery life remaining on the internal batteries. When an external power source is connected, the detected available voltage is indicated by a flashing LED. When the receiver is powered off and is connected to the AC Adapter, the charging status is indicated.

Table 9 summarizes the values indicated by each LED for internal/external batteries and charging status.

NOTE The internal battery life is calculated to an accuracy of ±10%. The external battery life is calculated to an accuracy of ±0.1 volts.

5 –4 –3 –2 –1 –



When the internal batteries have full charge, LED 5 (green) is illuminated. LED 1 (red) is illuminated when you have less than one hour of battery power remaining.

When the receiver is off and the internal batteries are charging, LED 5 flashes. The LED stops flashing when charging is complete. For more details about external power sources, see Section 6.2.2, External power source, page 49.

3.2.2 Satellite tracking gauge

The satellite tracking gauge displays the number of satellites currently being tracked by the receiver. If the current position of the receiver is fixed, the LED will flash. The LED will remain solid when the receiver is operating in rover or static mode.

For a satellite to be counted as used, it must have a healthy signal and be above the elevation mask, and the receiver must have achieved lock (both code and carrier).

Table 9: Battery Life Gauge Indicators

Solid Flashing Receiver Off

LED

Internal Battery Time Remaining (hours)

External Battery Power Available (VDC) Charging Statusa

a. When the receiver is turned off and connected to the AC Adapter.

5 at least 9 14.0 to 18.0 Flashing: receiver is chargingSolid: charging is complete

4 6 to 9 11.0 to 14.0 not applicable



1 0 to 1 less than 10.1 not applicable

5 –4 –3 –2 –1 –



Table 10 summarizes the values indicated by the satellite tracking gauge LEDs.

For the most accurate survey results, perform surveys with a minimum of six satellites, if possible. LED 1 (red) will be illuminated if the receiver is using only one, two, or three satellites, which are insufficient for three-dimensional positioning applications.

3.2.3 Memory gauge

The memory gauge displays the amount of available memory. When data is being logged to a file, the currently illuminated LED flashes.

Table 11 summarizes the values indicated by the memory gauge LEDs.

Table 10: Satellite Tracking Gauge Indicators

LEDNumber of Satellites Being Tracked

5 10, 11, or 12

4 8 or 9

3 6 or 7

2 4 or 5

1 1, 2, or 3

Table 11: Memory Gauge Indicators

LED Available Memory (%)

5 80 to 100

4 60 to 80

3 40 to 60

2 20 to 40

1 0 to 20

5 –4 –3 –2 –1 –



When the memory has over 80% space available, LED 5 (green) is illuminated. LED 1 (red) is illuminated if the memory is almost full. When LED 1 is illuminated, you should consider deleting or downloading files to increase available space.

3.2.4 Timer gauge

The Timer gauge has two modes to indicate quality and quantity of data collected for successful static data post-processing:

•Baseline Length—The gauge will indicate occupation by baseline length. The LEDs will show solid green.

•Elapsed Time—The gauge will indicate elapsed time since the start of the survey. The LEDs will flash.

NOTE The Timer mode can be selected using the Timer LED field in the GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool software. For more information, see Section 1.6, Finding More Information, page 8.

3.2.4.1 Baseline length mode

When this gauge is configured to display receiver occupation by baseline length, the LEDs will display in solid green to show the length of the baseline that can be accurately post-processed given the amount of raw data that has been collected (see Table 12).

If you haven’t collected enough data to process a baseline of 5 kilometers, none of the LED indicators will be illuminated.

NOTE Table 12, Timer Gauge - Baseline Length Mode, page 27 provides estimates only. Performance of the indicator depends on quality GNSS data being observed at other receivers (no obstructions, same satellites, low multipath, etc.). If you are uncertain about the quality of the data collected, log data for a longer period of time.

5 –4 –3 –2 –1 –



3.2.4.2 Elapsed time mode

When the timer gauge is configured to show how much time has elapsed since the start of a survey, the LEDs flash for each successive time period (see Table 13).

NOTE For successful post-processing, it is assumed that there are no adverse environmental conditions and that you have a data logging interval of 10 seconds.

Table 12: Timer Gauge - Baseline Length Mode

Solid LED Baseline Length

5 up to 30 km (18.6 miles)




1 up to 5 km (3 miles)

Table 13: Timer Gauge - Elapsed Time Mode

LED Flashing Elapsed Time Since the Survey Started at the Site

5 50 or more minutes







3.3 Status IndicatorsThe GSR2700 ISX display panel features status indicators on the panel that provide the following information:

• Receiver health (page 28)

• COM port communication status (page 30)

• Wireless communication status (page 31)

• Internal radio status (page 32)

3.3.1 Receiver health LED

The receiver health LED indicator is above the power button and displays the current status of the receiver.

TIP It is normal for the receiver health indicator LEDs to illuminate during startup. Under normal operation, neither LED is illuminated.

The particular combination of flashes indicates a specific warning or error condition (for example, the receiver is being operated outside its temperature range).

When there is a warning or error condition, the LEDs illuminate in a sequence of six flashes:

• If both the yellow and the red LEDs flash first, it is a warning condition.

• If only the red LED flashes first, it is an error condition.

The following tables (Table 14 to Table 16) show the error/warning code sequences for issues that you may be able to identify and correct in the field. If other code sequences flash on the receiver health indicator, contact your SOKKIA distributor for steps on how to proceed.

If you see one of the three sequences shown in Table 14, then the receiver is operating near or outside of the valid temperature



range. Wait a few minutes for the receiver to cool down, then resume operation.

If you see one of the two sequences shown in Table 15, then the receiver is operating near or outside of the valid voltage range. Ensure the internal batteries are charged or check your external power source.

If you see the sequence shown in Table 16, then the receiver firmware has not been loaded with a valid authorization code. Contact your SOKKIA distributor with your receiver serial number to obtain the code.

If an error condition persists, take the following steps:

1. Turn the receiver off for a few minutes.

2. Perform a factory reset (see Table 8, Power Button Functions, page 21).

Table 14: Temperature Issues

1 2 3 4 5 6

R R Y R R Y R Y R Y

R R Y R R Y R Y R

R Y R Y R Y R Y R Y R

Table 15: Voltage Issues

1 2 3 4 5 6

R R Y R Y R R R

R Y R Y R Y R Y R R Y

Table 16: Firmware Issues

1 2 3 4 5 6

R R Y R Y R R Y R



3. If the error condition still persists, check to see if the receiver is too hot. If necessary, let it cool down and then perform another factory reset.

4. If the error condition is not resolved, contact your local SOKKIA distributor.

TIP To assist in identifying the problem, make note of the sequence of flashes as you troubleshoot and provide this information to your SOKKIA distributor.

3.3.2 COM port communication status

The COM port communication status indicators display the status of communication traffic flow across the receiver’s COM1 and COM2 ports.

The LEDs flash to indicate signal sent/received on the respective port. Table 17 describes each of the COM port communication status LEDs.

If data is simultaneously being transmitted and received, both the transmit and receive LED indicators will be illuminated.

Table 17: COM Ports Communication Status LEDs

LED State Status Description

Red Illuminated Data is being received by the GSR2700 ISX through the COM port.

Dark No data is being received through the COM port.

Green Illuminated Data is being transmitted from the GSR2700 ISX through the COM port.

Dark No data is being transmitted through the COM port.



Additional COM light behaviour

NOTE During typical RTK operation, when a data collector is connected to COM1, both red and green LEDs illuminate frequently. When an external UHF radio is connected to COM2, the red LED illuminates when operating the receiver as a rover, and the green LED illuminates when operating it as a base.

For more details about the COM ports, see Section 2.2.2, Communication ports, page 13.

3.3.3 Wireless communication status

The wireless communication status indicators indicate the status of the Bluetooth connection and activity on the internal Bluetooth port. Table 18 describes each of the wireless communication status LEDs.

If data is simultaneously being transmitted and received, both transmit and receive LED indicators are illuminated. During

Table 18: Wireless Communication Status LEDs


Blue Flashing A connection with another device has not yet been established.

Solid A Bluetooth connection has been established with another device (for example, a data collector).

Dark The internal Bluetooth device is off.

Red Flashing Data is being received by the receiver through the Bluetooth port.

Dark No data is being received through the Bluetooth port.

Green Flashing Data is being transmitted from the receiver through the Bluetooth port.

Dark No data is being transmitted through the Bluetooth port.



typical RTK operation, when a data collector is connected to the internal Bluetooth port, both red and green LEDs illuminate frequently.

TIP If no Bluetooth connection activity is detected within 30 minutes of powering on, the GSR2700 ISX Bluetooth port will be powered down and the Bluetooth LED on the display panel will stop flashing. To restore power to the GSR2700 ISX Bluetooth port, power cycle the GSR2700 ISX (i.e., turn off the receiver, then turn it back on).

For details about the wireless communication device, see Section 2.8, Wireless Communication, page 17.

3.3.4 Internal radio status

If your receiver has an internal radio module, the internal radio status indicators display the power and activity status of the internal UHF or GSM/GPRS radio. Table 19 describes each of the internal radio communication status LEDs.

NOTE If you are running the static POWERUP configuration, the internal radio port is off at startup. If you are running any of the four base station POWERUP configurations, this port will be on at startup.



If data is simultaneously being transmitted and received, both transmit and receive LED indicators are illuminated.

NOTE When the internal radio is being used, the red LED illuminates when operating the receiver as a rover, and the green LED illuminates when operating it as a base.

For details about the internal radio, see Section 2.7, Internal Radio, page 17.

Table 19: Internal Radio Status LEDs


Yellow Illuminated Power is being provided to the internal radio device (including GSM or UHF).

Dark The internal radio is powered off.

Red Flashing Data is being received by the GSR2700 ISX through the internal radio device.

Dark No data is being received through the internal radio device.

Green Flashing Data is being transmitted from the receiver through the internal radio device.

Dark No data is being transmitted through the internal radio device.

Chapter 4


Audible AnnunciatorThe GSR2700 ISX receiver is equipped with an audible annunciator, which issues a series of voice messages or sounds to alert you to the system status and event conditions.

NOTE Your receiver is preconfigured with either voice messages or sounds at a preset volume. To modify these settings, use the GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool software (for PC or the data collector) or contact your local SOKKIA distributor.

The frequency of the voice message or sound depends on the specific condition. The frequency is either once (when the condition first occurs) or continuous (repeats every 30 seconds for as long as a condition persists). Table 20 describes the conditions indicated by the audible annunciator.

Table 20: Audible Annunciator Conditions

Status/Event Condition Description Frequency

Receiver Ready The receiver has completed its startup sequence, and is ON and ready for operation. Initiated whenever you press the power button to turn on the receiver.

once

Power Off The power button has been held down long enough to turn off the receiver.

once

Receiver Shutting Down

The receiver is turning off, initiated by pressing the power button for the appropriate length of time. This can also occur when the batteries are too low.

once


Audible Annunciator Chapter 4

Factory Reset The power button has been held down long enough to initiate a factory reset of the receiver.

once

Delete Files The power button has been held down long enough to initiate erasing of all of the files in memory.

once

Continue Operation The power button has been held down too long for any action to take place. Release the power button to resume normal receiver operations.

once

Battery Low The remaining battery life (internal or external batteries) is less than 15 minutes.Note: This is only an estimate. To ensure continued operation without interruption, immediately connect a valid external power source.

continuous

Memory Low The remaining memory is less than 15 minutes under the current logging conditions. When the memory is full, data will no longer be stored.

continuous

Memory Full A file is open for data logging on the receiver, but the memory is full and new data can no longer be stored.

continuous

Bluetooth Connected A Bluetooth connection has been established with another device.

once

Table 20: Audible Annunciator Conditions (continued)



Chapter 4 Audible Annunciator

Bluetooth Lost The Bluetooth connection with another device has been terminated or interrupted (see page 32 for how to re-establish communications).

once

RTK Fixed A fixed-integer RTK solution has been achieved.

once

RTK Lost A fixed-integer RTK solution has been lost.

once

Epoch Recorded An epoch of raw GNSS data has been recorded to file (i.e., the receiver has been configured to record data to the internal CompactFlash memory card).

once

Table 20: Audible Annunciator Conditions (continued)


Chapter 5


System SetupSetting up the GSR2700 ISX is a straightforward process, whether you are in the field (collecting data) or at the office (configuring the receiver or transferring collected data to your PC for post-processing). This chapter summarizes typical receiver operations, as well as system setup for both the office and field operations.

5.1 Operation OverviewThe following list outlines the general sequence of operations when using the GSR2700 ISX receiver:

1. Supply power to the GSR2700 ISX, using charged internal batteries or a connection to an external power supply.

2. Press the power button. The receiver will turn on, acquire and track satellites, and issue a “Receiver Ready” message (or matching sound) once it completes the initialization. Typically, the GSR2700 ISX will then operate based on the Factory POWERUP option selected for the receiver.

NOTE The receiver comes with five default POWERUP configurations, and a None setting. These settings can be selected using the GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool software (for more information, see Chapter 1, Finding More Information, page 8 and Chapter 7, Collecting Data, page 53).

3. If you plan to use the GSR2700 ISX to configure the receiver or to control the survey, connect a data collector. (A data collector is not always necessary; for example, if you are using the receiver as an RTK base or in a static survey).

CAUTION

For a list of items you should be aware of as you set up and use the GSR2700 ISX, see Section 1.5, Usage Cautions, page 6.


Chapter 5 System Setup

5.2 Setting Up at the OfficeAn office setup can be used to configure the GSR2700 ISX or to transfer collected data from the receiver to a PC.

The GSR2700 ISX supports the transfer of data from the receiver’s memory to a PC in the following ways:

• Using a USB connection to the receiver’s COM2 port.

• Using a Bluetooth connection.

• Using a serial connection to the receiver’s COM1 port.

TIP While all connection types provide reliable methods of communicating with the GSR2700 ISX, the USB connection is the fastest method, and is recommended for downloading raw data files.

If you are using a USB connection to the receiver, you must install a USB driver to allow communication and high speed download of data files from your GSR2700 ISX receiver to your PC.

NOTE See Appendix D, Installing the USB Driver, page 75, for more information.

To set up the GSR2700 ISX in the office:

1. Place the GSR2700 ISX on a desk or other suitable work surface.

2. Use the USB PC Download cable to connect the PC to the receiver’s COM2 (white) port (see Section 2.2, Ports, page 11).

- or -

Use a serial PC Download cable to connect the PC to the receiver’s COM1 (blue) port (see Section 2.2, Ports, page 11).

- or -

If you are using a Bluetooth connection, go to step 3.


System Setup Chapter 5

3. Press the power button. The GSR2700 ISX will initialize and issue a “Receiver Ready” message (or matching sound) when complete.

4. If you are using a Bluetooth connection, connect from the PC to the receiver.

5. Communicate with the GSR2700 ISX. For example, you can use: POWERUP Configuration Manager or Planning software to customize the POWERUP configuration, GSR2700 IS/ISX Config Tool software to adjust settings, or SOKKIA software (e.g., Spectrum Survey/Planning) to transfer data to the PC.

5.3 Setting Up for Field OperationsThe GSR2700 ISX can be used for real-time kinematic (RTK) surveys as a base or rover, as well as for kinematic or static surveys. This section provides an overview of the equipment and setup for typical uses of the system.

5.3.1 Typical RTK rover setup

A typical RTK rover setup includes: a range pole, the GSR2700 ISX receiver with an internal GSM/GPRS or UHF radio, and a data controller. A typical rover setup also include using one of the following to receive corrections:

• Internal UHF radio

• Internal GSM/GPRS radio used in one-to-one mode (for example, one GSR2700 ISX receiver to another)

• Internal GSM/GPRS radio used through the Internet (for example, to a GSR2700 RS or NTRIP base station)

NOTE If you use a Bluetooth connection to communicate between the data controller and the receiver, and/or between the receiver and another Bluetooth-enabled device (e.g., a mobile phone receiving RTK corrections from an Ntrip base station), you do not require any cables.



Figure 11 illustrates a typical rover setup:

Figure 11: Typical RTK Rover Setup

Table 21: RTK Rover Setup Components

Number Description

1 Internal radio antenna (UHF or GSM/GPRS)

2 GSR2700 ISX receiver

3 Quick release

4 Data collector

5 Range pole

6 Data collector mounting bracket

1

2

3

4

5

6



To set up the receiver as an RTK rover:

1. Mount the GSR2700 ISX on the pole.

2. Connect the internal radio antenna to the receiver’s antenna port (see Section 2.7, Internal Radio, page 17).

3. Press the power button to turn on the receiver. The receiver will initialize and issue a “Receiver Ready” message (or matching sound) when it completes (see Table 20, Audible Annunciator Conditions, page 34.

4. Use a Bluetooth connection or serial communication through the receiver’s COM1 (blue) port to connect a data collector to the receiver (see Section 2.2, Ports, page 11).

5. Your receiver is now ready. Refer to the handheld’s data collection software reference material for additional instrument configuration.

NOTE For example, if you are using SDR+ software, you can refer to the SDR+ User’s Guide for instructions.

CAUTION

• Always ensure that the radio antenna is properly connected to your receiver before turning the unit on.

• Never disconnect the radio antenna while the internal radio is operating. If you remove the antenna while the unit is on, it may cause irreparable damage to the internal circuitry of your radio, particularly when the radio is transmitting information.



5.3.2 Typical RTK base setup

A typical RTK base station setup consists of a tripod and the GSR2700 ISX receiver with an internal UHF or GSM/GPRS radio. The receiver should also be loaded with the appropriate POWERUP configuration (see Table 25, POWERUP Configurations, page 56).

NOTE It is important that the correct POWERUP configuration is loaded on your receiver. Typically, you can ensure the receiver is correctly configured before you leave the office.

Typical base setups include using one of the following to transmit corrections:

• Internal UHF radio

• Internal GSM/GPRS radio used in one-to-one mode (for example, one GSR2700 ISX receiver to another)

• External radio device (for example, a cell/mobile phone or high-power radio)

Figure 12 and Figure 13 illustrate two typical base setups.

Figure 12: Typical RTK Base Setup (internal radio)

1

2

3

45

6



Figure 13: Typical RTK Base Setup (external radio)

Table 22: RTK Base Setup Components (internal radio)

Number Description

1 Internal radio antenna (UHF or GSM/GPRS)


3 Quick release

4 Tribrach adapter

5 Tribrach

6 Tripod

CAUTION

A radio antenna that is attached to a high-powered external radio (power >5W) should be located a minimum distance of 1 m from the GSR2700 ISX receiver.

7

1

23

45

68

10

11

9



To set up the GSR2700 ISX as an RTK base, follow the steps below:

1. Mount the GSR2700 ISX on the tripod.

2. If you are using the internal radio, connect the internal radio antenna to the receiver’s antenna port (see Section 2.7, Internal Radio, page 17).

Table 23: RTK Base Setup Components (external radio)

Number Description


2 External radio cable (receiver to external radio)

3 Quick release

4 Tribrach adapter

5 Tribrach

6 Tripod

7 External radio

8 External radio to radio antenna cable

9 Tripod

10 Radio antenna mount (and/or adapter)

11 Radio antenna

CAUTION

• Always ensure that the radio antenna is properly connected to your receiver before turning the unit on.

• Never disconnect the radio antenna while the internal radio is still on. If you remove the antenna while the unit is on, you may cause irreparable damage to the internal circuitry of your radio.



3. If you are using an external radio device:

• Mount the radio bracket near the top of the tripod leg, as shown in Figure 13, Typical RTK Base Setup (external radio), page 43.

• Attach the radio to the bracket.

• Set up the tripod for the radio antenna and then mount the radio antenna on the tripod, ensuring it stands vertically and is at least 1 metre from the receiver.

• Connect the radio antenna to the radio.

• Connect power to the radio device.

• Use a radio communications cable to connect the radio to the receiver’s COM2 (white) port (see Section 2.2, Ports, page 11).

NOTE For additional details about connecting Satel radios to the receiver, see Appendix C, Configuring Satel Radios, page 70.

4. Press the power button to turn on the receiver. It will initialize and issue a “Receiver Ready” message (or matching sound) when it completes its initialization (see Table 20, Audible Annunciator Conditions, page 34.

5. To verify that your RTK base position is fixed, ensure that the LED indicator on the satellite tracking gauge is flashing (see Table 10, Satellite Tracking Gauge Indicators, page 25).

6. To verify that corrections are being transmitted:

• Check the internal radio status LED indicator: the LED will flash green (see Table 19, Internal Radio Status LEDs, page 33).

- or -

CAUTION

To avoid damaging the receiver, make sure both the receiver and the radio are off before you connect the devices.



• Check the COM2 LED status indicator: the LED will glow green (see Table 17, COM Ports Communication Status LEDs, page 30).

Using the POWERUP method described above, your RTK base is now ready for use.

NOTE If you choose instead to use SDR+ (or other data collector software) to configure your RTK Base Setup, please refer to the SDR+ User's Guide.

5.3.3 Typical static setup

To set up the GSR2700 ISX for static surveys, the receiver should be loaded with the appropriate POWERUP configuration (see Table 25, POWERUP Configurations, page 56). The receiver is typically mounted on a tripod.

The system is operated using the power button and can be powered by the internal batteries or by an external battery.

Figure 14: Typical Static Setup

1

2

34

5



To perform a static survey:

1. Turn on the receiver. The receiver will initialize and issue a “Receiver Ready” message (or matching sound) when it completes (see Table 20, Audible Annunciator Conditions, page 34).

2. Use the receiver’s display panel LEDs to monitor the survey, for example, to verify that data is being recorded to file, ensure the memory gauge is flashing (see Table 11, Memory Gauge Indicators, page 25).

To verify the receiver’s occupation status or to verify that you have collected enough data to get a fixed position on the baseline, check the Timer gauge (see Section 3.2.4, Timer gauge, page 26).

Table 24: Static Setup Components

Number Description

1 Quick release


3 Tribrach adapter

4 Tribrach

5 Tripod

Chapter 6


Powering the GSR2700 ISX

This chapter describes how to power your GSR2700 ISX.

NOTE Before using the GSR2700 ISX for the first time, ensure that you have followed the setup instructions in Chapter 5, System Setup, page 37.

6.1 Turning the System On and OffWhile the GSR2700 ISX’s power button is used primarily to switch the receiver on or off, the receiver will also automatically turn on if it detects activity on either of the communication ports.

If you turn off the GSR2700 ISX while it is logging data to the memory, the receiver will save and close any open files before turning off.

NOTE For information about power consumption while the receiver is off, see Section 6.4, Power Consumption, page 50. For additional power button functions, see Section 3.1, Power Button, page 20.

6.2 Power SourceYou can power the GSR2700 ISX either by using its internal batteries or by attaching an external power source to the system.

6.2.1 Internal batteries

The GSR2700 ISX incorporates two internal battery packs. If the internal batteries are completely discharged, the GSR2700 ISX can operate if an external power input is connected.

For information about charging the batteries, see Section 6.6, Charging the Internal Batteries, page 52.


Powering the GSR2700 ISX Chapter 6

6.2.2 External power source

In addition to using the internal batteries, the GSR2700 ISX can also be powered using an external battery according to the recommendations in this section.

NOTE If you want to power your receiver while driving a vehicle, use a DC to AC inverter that meets the input specifications as detailed in Appendix A, Technical Specifications, page 60.

For the receiver to operate with an external power source, the minimum operating voltage for the external power input cannot be less than the minimum GSR2700 ISX operating voltage.

When an external power source is present, the GSR2700 ISX uses it before drawing on the internal batteries, provided that the power from the external source is greater than that of the internal batteries.

If the voltage delivered from the external power source is less than the internal battery power, the internal batteries will be used until they are drawn to the same level as the external source. Once the internal and external batteries are discharged to the same level, the receiver will draw equally from both sources.

When the receiver is on and connected to an external power source that provides 14–18 VDC (including the AC Adapter), the internal batteries will be charged while the receiver is operating.

CAUTION

If the external power input exceeds 18 VDC, it may damage the receiver. For detailed information about the GSR2700 ISX operating voltage, see Appendix A, Technical Specifications, page 60.


Chapter 6 Powering the GSR2700 ISX

6.3 Powering Peripheral DevicesThe GSR2700 ISX is capable of providing power to peripheral devices through its COM ports. The power output is approximately the same as the input of the active battery.

NOTE Typically, the COM ports are not sent power. For example, since most data collectors do not have a power pin, COM1 would not usually provide power.

If the peripheral devices attached to the GSR2700 ISX draw too much power from the battery output, the receiver will limit the available current to prevent damage to the receiver. Once the excessive load is removed, normal operation of the system will resume.

NOTE If a peripheral device (for example, a high-powered radio) was the cause of the current drain, it will probably not function after the system resumes normal operation.

If you use the SOKKIA-recommended data collector and radio, you will not overload your system. System overload can only occur if you attach peripherals that have not been approved for use with the GSR2700 ISX.

6.4 Power ConsumptionThe GSR2700 ISX has been designed to minimize its power usage. Power consumption is less than 5 W using the internal radio.

When the receiver is off, it continues to draw a small amount of power from the batteries. However, the typical shelf life of the internal GSR2700 ISX batteries is approximately six months. After this storage period, the batteries may become fully discharged. If this happens, recharge the batteries to resume operation (see Section 6.6, Charging the Internal Batteries, page 52).


Powering the GSR2700 ISX Chapter 6

6.5 Insufficient PowerIf both of the internal batteries or the external power input voltage are below minimum operating parameters (in other words, if the GSR2700 ISX experiences drained batteries or power failure), the receiver will turn off and become inactive. If this happens, you will not be able to turn the receiver back on until you restore sufficient power.

In the event of a power failure, the power output is de-activated on both COM ports and the receiver will not power on even if the power button is pressed.

To return to normal operation, charge the internal batteries or connect a valid external power input to the receiver.

When sufficient power is restored, the COM ports will provide power according to what the POWERUP configuration specifies, and the system will turn on if the power button is pressed (for details about the POWERUP configuration, see Section 7.2.2.1, Defining receiver behavior with POWERUP, page 54). If a POWERUP configuration isn’t set on the receiver, the COM ports will provide power as they did before the power failure.

Power failure while logging data

In case of a power failure while logging data, the receiver will save the data to internal memory and close the file. If this occurs, up to 10 seconds of data may be lost from the file.

CAUTION

The GSR2700 ISX may also become inactive if the external power input is greater than the power specified as acceptable for the receiver. For more information, see Section 1.5, Usage Cautions, page 6.


Chapter 6 Powering the GSR2700 ISX

6.6 Charging the Internal BatteriesWhen the batteries require charging, turn off the receiver and connect the AC Adapter.

While the receiver is charging, LED 5 (green) on the battery life gauge flashes (see Section 3.2.1, Battery life gauge, page 23). The LED stops flashing when charging is complete.

CAUTION

• The supplied AC Adapter is designed specifically for charging the GSR2700 ISX. DO NOT use any other charger with the GSR2700 ISX.

• DO NOT use the AC Adapter outdoors for field operations with the GSR2700 ISX.

• The internal batteries should be serviced by your local SOKKIA distributor. DO NOT attempt to service the batteries yourself; doing so will void the product warranty.

Chapter 7


Collecting DataYou can collect data with the GSR2700 ISX in several ways and define the type of information stored during data collection.

7.1 How Data is StoredThe most basic activity you will perform using your GSR2700 ISX is collecting raw data, which are recorded as time-tagged measurements in your raw data file. Each collection session (one uninterrupted period of time) is stored in a single, unique data file in memory. Only one file is open and recorded to at a time.

A file of collected data can then be transferred to a PC for post-processing and adjustment using SOKKIA’s Spectrum Survey Suite or Planning software.

For information about how data files are named, see Section 7.3, Data File Naming, page 57.

7.2 Data Collection MethodsTypically, the GSR2700 ISX will begin tracking satellites, as soon as the receiver is turned on and it successfully completes its initialization. The receiver will operate based on its default POWERUP configuration until you use it otherwise (e.g., you connect it to a data collector).

You will typically use the GSR2700 ISX receiver to collect data using either of two methods: with a handheld data controller, or by using the POWERUP configuration on the receiver and recording the data to internal memory (for example and ideally, as a base station).

7.2.1 Handheld data collection

When you use the GSR2700 ISX receiver with a handheld data controller loaded with data collection software (e.g., SDR+), you can configure and initiate data collection through the handheld.


Chapter 7 Collecting Data

NOTE The SDR+ software can only store RTK data on the data collector. Raw data is always stored in the receiver’s internal memory.

When you connect the data controller to the receiver (using either a wireless connection or a cable), you establish a communication link between the two devices and the controller will control the behavior of the receiver.

When you turn on the GSR2700 ISX, the receiver will use its preset POWERUP configuration until the controller takes control. Commands sent to the receiver through the data collector will supersede the POWERUP configuration on the receiver. The receiver will use the POWERUP configuration again when you turn the receiver off and then back on again.

NOTE For details about establishing a Bluetooth connection between the receiver and an Allegro CX, see Appendix B, Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections, page 66. For details about collecting data with software on the handheld, refer to the software documentation (e.g., the SDR+ User’s Guide).

7.2.2 Receiver logging to internal memory with POWERUP

When you use the GSR2700 ISX without a handheld data controller, the receiver will typically use the preset POWERUP configuration that is loaded on the receiver.

7.2.2.1 Defining receiver behavior with POWERUP

You can define what type of information should be collected or transmitted as RTK corrections by using POWERUP Configuration Manager software, which lets you customize and transfer a POWERUP configuration to the GSR2700 ISX.

NOTE You can also work with POWERUP configurations in SOKKIA’s Planning software. The GSR2700 ISX does not support the use of schedules.


Collecting Data Chapter 7

A receiver’s POWERUP configuration is a set of parameters that tells the receiver what type of information should be stored during a data collection session or transmitted as RTK corrections. The POWERUP configuration executes on startup, provided it is present on the receiver.

The POWERUP configuration tells the receiver:

• What type of data to collect (for example, observations, ephemeris, almanac).

• Where the data should be stored (for example, in internal memory, or transmitted through COM1 or COM2).

• The interval at which data should be collected (for example, every 10 seconds).

• The reference coordinates if the receiver is used as an RTK base (none, fixed, or averaged).

• The antenna height.

• The elevation mask.

• The site name and number (optional).

• The COM port baud rates.

• The wireless communication power settings.

7.2.2.2 Default POWERUP configuration

The GSR2700 ISX initially operates on a default POWERUP configuration, which is always present on the receiver unless you remove it using the POWERUP Configuration Manager.

Your receiver is typically preset with one of five possible default POWERUP configurations. Table 25, POWERUP Configurations, page 56, summarizes the factory setup for each configuration.

NOTE To set the default POWERUP configuration, you can use the GSR2700 IS Config Tool software. To view the POWERUP configuration settings or to create custom configurations, you can use the POWERUP Configuration Manager software (advanced users only). For more information, see Section 1.6, Finding More Information, page 8.



Table 25: POWERUP Configurations

Static 15

RTCM Base Std 10

RTCA Base Std 10

RTCA Base Rapid 10

RTCA Base Std 15

Raw Observations

Log to file Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Recording interval (seconds)

15 10 10 10 15

Minimum satellites to store an epoch

3 3 3 3 3

Elevation mask (degrees)

5 5 5 5 5

RTK Base Operation

Generate RTK corrections

No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Average position and fix time (secs)

n/a 180 180 60 180

Differential correction format

n/a RTCM 18/19

RTCA RTCA RTCA

Default base ID n/a 0 AAAA AAAA AAAA

Correction transmit interval (secs)

n/a 1 1 1 1

Base position transmit interval (secs)

n/a 10 10 10 10

Corrections to internal radio if present

n/a Yes Yes Yes Yes

Corrections to external COM2

n/a Yes Yes Yes Yes



7.2.2.3 Transferring a POWERUP configuration

Using the POWERUP Configuration Manager software, you can create a custom POWERUP configuration and transfer it to the receiver. You can also edit or delete the receiver’s current configuration.

NOTE Only one POWERUP configuration can reside on the receiver at one time. When you transfer a POWERUP configuration to the GSR2700 ISX, it replaces the existing configuration on the receiver.

When you reset the receiver back to factory defaults, any POWERUP configuration you have transferred to the receiver is discarded, and the POWERUP configuration reverts to the factory default settings (see Section 7.5, Resetting the Receiver, page 59).

7.3 Data File NamingAuto-generated file names consist of an eight-character base followed by a .PDC extension, as follows:

####$$$%.PDC

Peripheral Power

Send power to data collector COM1

No No No No No

Send power to external radio COM2

No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Table 25: POWERUP Configurations (continued)

Static 15

RTCM Base Std 10

RTCA Base Std 10

RTCA Base Rapid 10

RTCA Base Std 15



The eight characters are derived as shown in Table 26.

For example, a GSR2700 ISX receiver might have the serial number NZH05410087. If the day is January 25 (025 UTC day of the year), and this is the 15th session created that day (session ID E), the file name would be 0087025E.PDC.

A conflict between an auto-generated file name and an existing file name is unlikely, but if it occurs, the GSR2700 ISX resolves it by creating a file name as follows: the first character is a tilde (~), followed by a 7-digit random number and a .PDC extension (for example, ~9368412.PDC).

7.4 Data Storage CapacityTable 27 indicates the approximate number of hours of data logging to the internal memory for several recording intervals based on the standard 64 MB internal memory.

NOTE For information about how to download data from internal memory, see Section 5.2, Setting Up at the Office, page 38.

Table 26: Auto-Generated File Name Convention

Part of File Name Description

#### Last 4 digits of the GSR2700 ISX receiver’s serial number

$$$ UTC day of the year (001–366)

% Session ID assigned in sequence (0..9, A..Z) based on the presence of files previously logged on a particular day.



7.5 Resetting the ReceiverPressing the power button for between 10-20 seconds restores the default factory POWERUP configuration (see Section 3.1, Power Button, page 20). The receiver will audibly indicate that a reset has occurred (see Chapter 4, Audible Annunciator, page 34).

NOTE Data files on the receiver are not affected by a reset.

7.6 Erasing Files Stored on the ReceiverPressing the power button for between 20-25 seconds deletes all the files from the receiver’s memory (see Section 3.1, Power Button, page 20). The receiver will audibly indicate that the files have been deleted (see Chapter 4, Audible Annunciator, page 34).

Table 27: Hours of Storage with 64 MB Logging Capacity

EpochRate

Average Number of Satellites

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 57 50 44 40 36 33 30

5 270 240 210 190 170 160 140

10 520 460 410 370 340 310 290

15 750 660 600 540 490 460 420

30 1350 1200 1090 990 910 860 800

60 2210 2010 1850 1710 1580 1520 1420

Appendix A


Technical Specifications

Table 28 summarizes the GSR2700 ISX specifications.

NOTE Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Table 28: GSR2700 ISX Technical Specifications

Physical

Size (diameter x height)

22.5 cm x 10.5 cm (8.9 in x 4.1 in)

Weight (internal radio) 1.8 kg (3.9 lbs)

Weight (no internal radio)

1.6 kg (3.5 lbs)

Enclosure Description Magnesium alloy (main body) and hardened plastic (radome), closed with mounting screws and encircled by a rubber bumper.

Environmental

Operating Temperature • External battery: -40° C to +65° C(-40° F to +149° F)

• Internal battery: -20° C to +55° C(-4° F to +131° F)

• Internal UHF radio: -40° C to +60° C(-40° F to +140° F)

• Internal GSM/GPRS radio: -20° C to +55° C(-4° F to +131° F)

Storage Temperaturea • No battery: -40° C to +85° C (-40° F to +185° F)• Internal battery: -20° C to +50° C (-4° F to

+122° F)

Humidity 100% non-condensing

Dust and waterproof Complete protection against dust ingress. Protected against immersion up to 1.0 m (IPX7).

Shockb 2.0 m (6.6 ft) pole drop

Technical Specifications Appendix A


Interface

Operation Single-button operation for power, receiver reset and clear memory

Display LED display status indicators

Status Indicators Power, battery life, satellites tracked, available memory, occupation timer, communications status

Audible Indicatorsc Audible notifications for receiver status information; available in a variety of languages

Performance

Receiver Technology Pulse Aperture Correlator (PAC) and Vision Correlator Technologies

Frequency 1575.42 MHz (L1) & 1227.60 MHz (L2)

Channels 72 universal channels: 14 L1, 14 L2, 6 L5: GPS12 L1, 12 L2: GLONASS2 SBAS

Time to First Fix (TTFF) • Cold start: 50 sec (typical)• Warm start: 40 sec (typical)• Hot start: 30 sec (typical)

Signal Reacquisition • 0.5 sec L1 (typical)• 1.0 sec L2 (typical)

Measured Data Update Rate

20 data records per second (maximum)

Antenna

Internal L1/L2 Pinwheel GPS+GLONASS antenna

Table 28: GSR2700 ISX Technical Specifications (continued)

Appendix A Technical Specifications


Position Accuracyd Statice:H: 3.0 mm + 0.5 ppmV: 10.0 mm + 1 ppmRapid Staticf:H: 5.0 mm + 1 ppmV: 10.0 mm + 1 ppmKinematic, Stop-and-Gog:H: 10.0 mm + 1 ppmV: 20.0 mm + 1 ppmRTKh:H: 10.0 mm + 1 ppmV: 20.0 mm + 1 ppmWAAS/EGNOS:0.8 m CEP HorizontalStand-alone Position:1.5 m CEP HorizontalLatency:0.02 sec (typical)RTK Initializationi:3-10 sec (typical) based on satellite constellation and baseline length

Time Accuracy (relative)j

20 ns (SA off)

Height Limit Up to 18,288 m (60,000 feet), in accordance with export licensing

Power Requirements

Power Input • External: +9 VDC to +18 VDC• Internal: +10.8 VDC

Consumption <5 W using internal radio

Port 1 x external power port

Internal Batteries (standard; external batteries available)

Capacity 2300 mAh

Voltage 10.8 VDC

Chemistry Li-Ion




Operating Time at 20°C • Rover: 10 hours with internal batteries and internal UHF radio

• Static/DGPS: 16 hours with internal batteries and without internal radio or Bluetooth

Charge Time max. 5 hours

Charging Voltage 14 VDC to 18 VDC, 65 W

Peripheral Power Output (COM1 and COM2)

Voltage ≅ supplied voltage

Current 1 A (max)

Power Management

Once the internal batteries are completely discharged, the GSR2700 ISX becomes inactive. Normal operations resume when you charge the internal batteries or when you connect an external power source to the system. For more details, see Section 6.2.2, External power source, page 49.

Radio Link

UHF • 380 to 470 MHz• Transmit and Receive (Tx/Rx)• 12.5 kHz channel spacing• Power consumption (typical): 1 W• RF impedance: 50 ohms• RF connector type: TNC female

GSM/GPRS • Frequencies: 850/1800 MHz or 900/1900 MHz band

• Antenna connector type: TNC female

Memory

Memory Internal: 64 MB standard (can be upgraded to 2 GB)

Memory Life 500 hours at 10-second interval (6 satellites)

Input/Output Data Interface

Communication Ports 2 x RS232, 1 x USB, 2 x Bluetooth, 1 x internal radio

Standard Input/Output RTCM, RTCM V3.0, RTCA, CMR, CMR+, NTRIP, NMEA-0183 out, PPS out, Mark in

Data Rate 20 Hz


Appendix A Technical Specifications


Serial Electrical Format EIA/TIA-232-E

Data Links

Internal UHF 380-470 MHz (Tx/Rx) Selectable 10 mW to 1 W

Internal GSM/GPRS 850/1800 MHz or 900/1900 MHz band

External UHF Yes. Satel or Pacific Crest

Serial EIA/TIA-232-E Baud Rate

• COM1: 4800, 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 460800, 921600

• COM2: 4800, 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, with additional USB rates at 1 Mbps

Note: COM port baud rates are limited to the equipment you are using with the receiver. For example, the maximum rates quoted above may not be typically supported by some desktop PCs, which usually only support a maximum rate of 115200 bps.

Serial signals supported

TX, RX, RTS, CTS

Wireless interface Bluetooth v1.1

USB USB version v1.1

Input/Output Strobes

PPS Outputk A one-pulse-per-second time synchronization output. This is a normally high, active low pulse(1 ms ± 50 ns) where the falling edge is the reference.

Mark Inputk An input mark (negative pulse > 55 ns), time tags output log data to the time of the falling edge of the mark input pulse.

The electrical specifications of the strobe signals are as follows:

Output • Voltage: Standard TTL levels• Sink Current: 64 mA• Source Current: 15 mA

Input • Voltage: Standard TTL levels• Current: ≤ 5 mA




Classifications

FCC and CE Complies with the radiated and conducted emission limits for a Class B digital device, for both CISPR and Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

EC Complies with European Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS)

Vibration

Vibration profiles:• RTCA/DO-160D Section 8 (Curve C template)• MIL-STD-202F Test Condition I (Letter A)• ASAE EP455 Section 5.15.1The GSR2700 ISX can acquire and track satellites while undergoing vibration profiles as specified in the test standards listed above. It assumes thatC/No > 45 db-Hz and that the GSR2700 ISX is in high-dynamics mode.

a. Storage temperature range is recommended to maintain shelf life of internal batteries.b. Shock specifications based on receiver without cables attached.c. English, Spanish, Japanese, French, Chinese, Russian, Italian, Portuguese, Korean,

General Tones.d. Accuracy depends on the number of satellites used, obstructions, satellite geometry

(DOP), occupation time, multipath effects, atmospheric conditions, baseline length, survey procedures and data quality.

e. 95% confidence level.f. 95% confidence level.g. 95% confidence level.h. 1 sigma.i. RTK initialization time based on unobstructed observing conditions, 7 satellites and a

baseline length of less than 20km.j. Time accuracy does not include biases due to RF or antenna delay.k. See your local SOKKIA distributor for more information.


Appendix B


Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections

Complete the following steps to configure the data collector for Bluetooth communication with the GSR2700 ISX receiver:

1. Turn on your receiver.

2. Double-tap the <Bluetooth Devices> icon on the Allegro’s desktop, or select the <Bluetooth> icon in the system tray and select Advanced Features | Bluetooth Devices.

3. Select Tools | Device Discovery.

4. In the Bluetooth Device Discovery wizard, select Next>.

5. Select Any Bluetooth device and then select Next>.

6. The device will search for devices and display a list of the devices found. Select the GSR2700 ISX <serial number> check box and then select Next>.

Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections Appendix B


7. Select <Finish>. The Bluetooth Devices list screen will display.

Favourites

NOTE If you plan to use your data collector with more than one GSR2700 ISX receiver, you may want to skip setting it as a favourite. Otherwise, the device you set as your favourite will always be selected by default.

8. Select Tools | My Favorites.

9. In the COM Port tab, select the Use the favorite selected above option and then select the GSR2700 ISX <serial number> device from the drop-down list.

10. Select <OK>.

Appendix B Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections


COM6

11. In the Bluetooth Devices list screen, select Device | My Bluetooth Device….

12. Select the COM Ports tab.

13. Ensure that the Bluetooth COM Port check box is selected.

TIP When you configure your instrument communication settings in your data collection software, ensure that you select COM6 as the port to connect to on the receiver.

14. Select <OK>. You return to the Device Manager list screen.

Receiver COM ports

15. To view ports available on the receiver that control the data collection or correction reception methods, select Device | Properties.

Allegro CX Bluetooth Connections Appendix B


16. Select the Services tab page in the Bluetooth Devices screen.

17. If you are going to use the receiver with the Allegro CX and SDR+, you will need to select “XCOM3” when you connect to the receiver. Please refer to the SDR+ User’s Guide for more information about configuring the receiver with SDR+ software.

If you are going to use the GSR2700 ISX to receive RTK corrections (from another Bluetooth-enabled device), you will need to select “XCOM2” as the receiver serial port when you establish communications.

TIP When you connect to the receiver, check the GSR2700 ISX wireless communication status indicators. If the Bluetooth connection was successfully established, the blue LED will be illuminated. For more details about the GSR2700 ISX wireless communication status indicators, see Section 3.3.3, Wireless communication status, page 31.

18. Close the Bluetooth Devices screen by selecting <X> in the upper right-hand corner.

Appendix C


Configuring Satel Radios

This appendix describes how to configure the Satel Satelline 3ASd or Epic radios to use as external radios with the GSR2700 ISX receiver.

C.1 About the 3ASd and Epic RadiosThe Satel Satelline 3ASd and Epic radios are very similar in operation. The 3ASD radio is capable of 1 watt output, which makes it ideal for rover applications. The Epic radio, which can be configured at 10 watt output, is usually used as a base radio to achieve longer-distance transmission.

Figure 15: Satel Radios

Both radios feature an LCD display and keypad buttons that you can use to easily change the units’ internal settings, including modifying the active frequencies.

Both radios provide a TNC connector on the top of the unit, to which an antenna can be directly connected. Both radios also provide an RS-232 serial port on the bottom of the unit, to use for communication with the receiver.

Epic radio3ASd radio

Configuring Satel Radios Appendix C


C.2 Radio CablesThe Epic and 3ASd radios connect to the GSR2700 ISX using a cable connection.

The Epic radio uses a “Y” cable with a LEMO connector and an SAE power connector at the receiver end. This allows you to power the radio from an external power source, so you don’t need to be concerned about draining the receiver’s internal batteries. However, you can also use the cable to draw power from the receiver’s COM2 port.

The 3ASd radio cable is very similar to the Epic radio cable, but instead of using a “Y” cable with an attached external SAE power connector, the device is completely powered from the receiver’s supply voltage.

NOTE See Section 6.3, Powering Peripheral Devices, page 50, for more information about using the receiver’s internal batteries to power an external radio.

Both cables use the same 15-pin connector to attach to the radio. The connector can be locked down to the radio with screws. The other end of the cable is a locking LEMO connector that is keyed to insert into the COM2 port only in a way that will not damage the pins.

NOTE For detailed information about connecting external radios, see Chapter 5, System Setup, page 37.

C.3 Setting the FrequencyTo set the radio’s frequency:

1. Turn on the radio.

2. Select Setup by pressing the Select button .

3. In the Setup main menu, select RF frequency (the first option) by pressing the Select button .

Appendix C Configuring Satel Radios


4. Select Change by pressing the Select button .

5. Press the Up or Down buttons to set the frequency to the desired values. To move to the next number, press the Select button .

6. Press the Select button to select Set.

7. Press the Cancel/Back button to exit Setup.

8. To save your changes, select “YES” by pressing the Select button .

C.4 Setting the Transmitter Output PowerTo set the radio’s transmitter output power:



3. On the Setup main menu, press the Down button to place the > cursor on Radio settings, then press the Selectbutton .

4. The > cursor is on TX level. Select Change by pressing the Select button .

5. Press Up or Down buttons to select the required TX level.

6. Select Set by pressing the Select button .

7. Press the Cancel/Back button to go back to the Setup main menu.



Configuring Satel Radios Appendix C


C.5 Turning On Error CorrectionYou can turn on error correction (also known as FEC or “forward error correction”) to improve the reliability of data transfer, particularly in unfavorable conditions.

TIP If you turn on error correction for one radio, you must also turn it on for all other units you want to communicate with. If you do not, the radios will not be able to communicate.

NOTE POINT, Inc. recommends that you always enable error corrections on your radio(s).

To turn on the radio’s error correction:



3. On the Setup main menu, press the Down button to place the > cursor on Additional, then press the Select button .

4. The > cursor is on Error corr. Select Change by pressing the Select button . This toggles the setting between “ON” and “OFF”.

5. When “ON” is displayed, press the Cancel/Back button to go back to the Setup main menu.



C.6 Using a Radio as a RepeaterA repeater is a radio that is configured to receive data (RX) on a given frequency and then send the same data out (TX) on the same frequency. This achieves much longer ranges for the RTK baseline as a whole.

Appendix C Configuring Satel Radios


Sample scenario:

You are using an RTK base station with a Satel Epic 10 watt radio. You are able to get a 7 km baseline to your rover, which is using a Satel 3ASd 1 watt radio.

To achieve a longer range, configure a third Satel radio as a repeater at a remote location near your 7 km mark. The repeater will rebroadcast the data and can extend your baseline to approximately 10 km or more.

NOTE This repeater setup does not need to be connected to a receiver. The only additional accessories you will require are a power source (12V battery), a “Y” cable, and a tripod (or some type of mounting system).

To configure the radio as a repeater:



3. On the Setup main menu, press the Down button to place the > cursor on Additional, then press the Select button .

4. Press the Down button to place the > cursor on Repeater.

5. Select Change by pressing the Select button . This toggles the setting between “ON” and “OFF”.

6. When “ON” is displayed, press the Cancel/Back button to go back to the Setup main menu.



Appendix D


Installing the USB Driver

Installing the GSR2700 ISX USB driver allows USB communication and high speed download of data files from your GSR2700 ISX receiver to your PC.

D.1 Downloading the USB DriverTo download the USB driver:

1. Go to the POINT website at www.point-inc.com and select Support.

2. Click GSR2700 ISX, then click the link to the current USB driver.

3. Click the link for the .zip file to start the file download.

4. Once you’ve downloaded the .zip file, extract its contents to a folder you can easily find later.

D.2 Installing the DriverThe steps for installing the driver differ depending on your operating system. If your operating system is Windows XP, see Section D.2.1, Windows XP driver installation, page 76. If your operating system is Windows 2000, see Section D.2.2, Windows 2000 driver installation, page 77.

NOTE If an existing USB driver is already present, you must first remove the older version using the Configure USB Virtual Serial Ports utility. To open the utility, select Start | Program Files | Sokkia. In the Configure USB Serial Ports screen, click <Uninstall>, then confirm the action to remove the currently installed driver.

http://www.point-inc.ca

Appendix D Installing the USB Driver


D.2.1 Windows XP driver installation

To install the driver on Windows XP:

1. Connect the USB port of the receiver to a USB port on the PC.

2. Turn on the receiver.

3. The Found New Hardware wizard asks if you want to connect to Windows Update to look for software updates. Select No, not this time and click <Next>.

NOTE On some computers, there may be a long delay (up to 30 minutes).

4. Select Install from a list or specific location (Advanced) and click <Next>.

5. Clear the Search removable media check box.

6. Select the Include this location in the search check box.

7. Click <Browse>, and locate and select the folder containing the extracted driver installation files (see Section D.1, Downloading the USB Driver, page 75).

8. Click <Next>.

NOTE Depending on your PC’s Driver Signing Policy, Windows might refuse to install this driver or might display a warning. For more information, see Section D.4, Windows Driver Signing, page 79.

9. Click <Finish> to complete the driver installation.

10. After installing the USB driver, Windows will detect each of the receiver’s three virtual COM Ports (USB1, USB2, and USB3) and will begin to initialize them. As each port is detected, the Found New Hardware wizard will start.

Installing the USB Driver Appendix D


11. Complete the following steps for each port:

• The wizard asks if you want to connect to Windows Update to look for software updates. Select No, not this time and click <Next>.

• Select Install the software automatically (Recommended) and click <Next>, then click <Finish>.

12. Restart your computer.

D.2.2 Windows 2000 driver installation

To install the driver on Windows 2000:

1. Connect the USB port of the receiver to a USB port on the PC, then turn on the receiver.

2. The Found New Hardware wizard starts. Click <Next>.

3. Select Search for a suitable driver for my device and click <Next>.

4. Select Specify a location and click <Next>.

5. Click <Browse>, and locate and select the folder containing the extracted driver installation files (see Section D.1, Downloading the USB Driver, page 75).

6. Confirm that the driver found is ngpsusb.inf, then click <Next>.

NOTE Depending on your PC’s Driver Signing Policy, Windows might refuse to install this driver or might display a warning. For more information, see Section D.4, Windows Driver Signing, page 79.

7. Click <Finish> to complete the driver installation.

8. Restart your computer.

The new COM ports corresponding to the receiver's USB1, USB2, and USB3 ports will be numbered sequentially following the existing ports in the PC, and are ready to use with any application that communicates with the receiver's serial COM ports.

Appendix D Installing the USB Driver


D.3 Configuring USB COM PortsAt any time after you have installed the USB drivers, you may view the properties of each USB virtual COM port using the Configure USB Virtual Serial Ports utility.

To open the utility, select Start | Program Files | Sokkia.

To change the COM port number assignment, click <Configure…>. In the Configure Ports dialog box, modify the number of each USB virtual port, then click <OK>.

NOTE COM port numbers are linked to the USB port on the PC, which allows you to switch receivers without a new COM port being assigned by Windows. However, if you connect the receiver to a different USB port, Windows will detect the receiver on that USB port, and it will assign three new COM port numbers.

Installing the USB Driver Appendix D


D.4 Windows Driver SigningThese drivers have not been certified by Microsoft’s Windows Hardware Quality Lab (WHQL). Depending on how your administrator has configured your computer, Windows 2000 or XP will do one of the following:

• Ignore device drivers that are not digitally signed.

• Display a warning when the operating system detects device drivers that are not digitally signed (this is the default).

• Prevent you from installing device drivers without digital signatures.

Because the USB drivers are not digitally signed, the computer’s policy must be either “Ignore” or “Warn” in order for you to install the drivers.

To change the Driver Signing Policy:

1. In the Windows Control Panel, double-click System.

2. Select the Hardware tab.

3. Click <Driver Signing>.

4. In the Driver Signing dialog box, select either Ignore or Warn as the action for Windows to take for unsigned driver software.

5. Click <OK> to accept the new policy.

6. Click <OK> to close the System Properties dialog box.

7. Disconnect the receiver USB cable, reconnect it, then follow the installation instructions in Section D.2, Installing the Driver, page 75.


Glossary

AAmbiguity—The unknown integer number of cycles of the reconstructed carrier phase. The carrier phase ambiguity is inherent in an unbroken set of measurements from a single satellite pass at a single receiver. Also known as integer ambiguity and integer bias.

Antenna—The antenna is the component of a GNSS system that collects the analog signal from the GNSS satellite and sends this signal to the GNSS receiver for processing.

BBase station—In differential positioning, a base station is the end of the baseline that is assumed known and its position fixed. It is the GNSS receiver, which is acting as the stationary reference. It has a known position and transmits messages for the rover receiver, which uses the information to calculate its position. Sometimes referred to as a reference station.

Bluetooth—Wireless personal area network (PAN) standard that permits data connections between electronic devices such as desktop computers, wireless phones, electronic organizers, and printers in the 2.4 GHz range. Bluetooth depends on mobile devices being equipped with a chip for sending and receiving information.

CC/A Code—The Coarse Acquisition (or Clear Access) code modulated onto the GPS L1 signal.

Carrier phase—The phase of either the L1 or L2 carrier of a GPS signal, measured by a receiver while locked onto the signal (also known as integrated Doppler).

Circular Error Probable (CEP)—The radius of a circle, centered at your true location, that contains 50% of the individual position measurements made.

Glossary


DDGPS—Differential GPS. A technique to improve GNSS accuracy. It primarily uses pseudorange errors at a known location to improve the measurements made by other GNSS receivers within the same general geographic area.

DOP—Dilution of Precision. The geometry of the visible satellites is an important factor in achieving high quality results. The geometry changes with time due to the relative motion of the satellites. An accuracy measure for the geometry is the DOP factor.

Datum—A model of the Earth used for geodetic calculations.

EElevation mask angle—An adjustable feature in GNSS receivers that specifies a satellite must be at least a specified number of degrees above the horizon before the receiver uses the signals from that satellite. Satellites at low elevation angles (five degrees or less) have lower signal strengths and are prone to loss of lock and multipath.

Ellipsoid—A smooth mathematical surface that represents the Earth’s shape and closely approximates the geoid. It is used as a reference surface for geodetic surveys.

Ellipsoidal height—The height above a defined ellipsoid, approximating the surface of the Earth.

Ephemeris—A set of satellite orbit parameters used by a GNSS receiver to calculate precise GNSS satellite positions and velocities. The ephemeris is used in the determination of the position solution and is updated periodically. Available as “broadcast ephemeris” or as post-processed “precise ephemeris”.

Glossary


GGLONASS—(GLObal NAvigation Satellite System-GLObalnaya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema) A satellite-based radio navigation system launched in 1982 and run by the Russian Ministry of Defense. Similar to the global positioning system (GPS) in the U.S., GLONASS permits 3D positioning anywhere on earth; however, typically it is used as an augmentation alongside the GPS system. The current GLONASS constellation includes less than 20 satellites, each traveling in a circular orbit, 19,140 kilometers above the Earth, in three circular planes. The satellites are positioned so that four are observable nearly 100 percent of the time from any point on Earth.

GNSS—Global Navigation Satellite Systems. The collective of current and proposed satellite navigation systems, including GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo.

GPRS—General Packet Radio Service. Technology that allows mobile phones to be used for sending and receiving data over an Internet Protocol (IP) based network.

GPS—Global Positioning System. A radio navigation system owned and operated by the United States Department of Defense consisting of 24 GPS satellites in orbit at 20,200 km (10,600 miles) above the earth. GPS signals are freely accessible for civil applications allowing land, sea, and airborne users to determine their exact location, velocity, and time 24 hours a day, in all weather conditions, anywhere in the world. The satellites are spaced in six orbital planes so that from any point on earth, four satellites will be above the horizon allowing any GPS receiver to "triangulates" its own position by getting bearings from three of the four satellites. The result is provided in the form of a geographic position - longitude and latitude - with varying accuracies depending on the GPS positioning mode.

GPS Time—The time system upon which GPS is based. GPS time is an atomic time system and is related to International Atomic Time in the following manner: International Atomic Time (IAT) = GPS + 19.000 sec. The IAT and Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) are closely related. The difference is that UTC contains leap seconds to adjust for changes in the Earth’s rotation. See UTC.

Glossary


GSM—Global System for Mobile Communications. A digital cellular phone technology based on TDMA. First introduced in 1991, the GSM standard has been deployed at three different frequency bands: 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz. GSM uses narrowband TDMA, which allows eight simultaneous calls on the same radio frequency.

IInteger ambiguity/bias—See Ambiguity.

Integrated Doppler—See Carrier phase.

Ionosphere—The layers of ionized air in the atmosphere extending from 70 kilometers to 700 kilometers and higher. Depending on frequency, the ionosphere can either block radio signals completely or change the propagation speed. GPS/GNSS signals penetrate the ionosphere but are delayed. This delay induces error in the GPS/GNSS measurements that can result in poor survey results. Most GPS/GNSS receivers and processing software model the ionosphere to minimize its affects. Also, the effects of ionosphere can be nearly eliminated by using dual frequency receivers which can calculate the delay due to ionosphere.

LL1—The 1575.42 MHz GPS carrier frequency, which contains the coarse acquisition (C/A) code, as well as encrypted P-code and navigation messages used by commercial GPS receivers.

L2—A secondary GPS carrier (at 1227.60 MHz) that presently contains only the encrypted P-code. A C/A code will be available on the L2 frequency in the future.

L-Band—The range of radio frequencies that includes the GPS L1 and L2 carrier frequencies and the OmniSTAR satellite signals.

MMask angle—See Elevation mask angle.

Glossary


Multipath—The reception of a satellite signal both along a direct path and along one or more reflected paths. Reflecting surfaces near the GNSS antenna cause this type of reflected signal. The resulting signal results in an incorrect measurement and thus errors in position estimates.

NNMEA—National Marine Electronics Association, an organization that created industry standard ASCII log types used by many receivers.

OOccupation time—A period of continuous data of sufficient quality for post-processing.

PP-Code (Precise or Protected)—The protected or precise code used on both LI and L2 GPS frequencies.

Phase Center—The phase center of a GNSS antenna is the physical location on the antenna where the raw GNSS signals are observed. This is the physical location where the computed position will be determined.

Pseudorange—The calculated range from the GNSS receiver to the satellite. It is determined by taking the difference between the measured satellite transmit time and the receiver time of measurement, and multiplying it by the speed of light.

RRMS—Root-Mean Square. A statistical measure of the scatter of computed positions about a “best fit” position solution.

RTCA—Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics. An organization that developed and defined a message format for differential positioning.

Glossary


RTCM—Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services. An organization that developed and defined the SC-104 message format for differential positioning.

RTK—Real-time Kinematic. A type of differential positioning based on observations of carrier phase.

Raw data—GPS data which has not been processed or differentially corrected.

Reference station—See Base station.

Rover receiver—The GNSS receiver that moves from site to site during an RTK survey. The receiver does not know its position and needs to receive measurements from a base station to calculate differential GNSS positions at each point.

SSBAS—Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS): Networks of ground relay stations set up around the world and geostatic satellites designed to receive satellite navigation signals and transmit corrected time and distance measurements to other satellite networks like GPS and GLONASS.

SIM card—Subscriber Identify Module card. A small printed circuit board that must be inserted in any GSM-based mobile phone when signing on as a subscriber. It contains subscriber details, security information, and memory for a personal directory of numbers. The SIM card also stores data that identifies the caller to the network service provider.

TTNC—A threaded version of the Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC) connector.

TTFF—Time-To-First-Fix. The actual time required by a GNSS receiver to achieve a single point position solution. This specification varies with the operating state of the receiver, the length of time since the last position fix, the location of the last fix, and the specific receiver design.

Glossary


UUSB—Universal Serial Bus. An external peripheral interface standard for communication that supports data transfer rates of up to 480 Mbps.

UTC—Universal Time Coordinated. The time as maintained by the U.S. Naval Observatory. Due to variations in the Earth's rotation, the UTC is sometimes adjusted by an integer second. The accumulation of these adjustments compared to GPS time, which runs continuously, caused a 13 second offset between GPS time and UTC at the start of 1999. However, after accounting for leap seconds and using adjustments contained in the navigation message, GPS time can be related to UTC to within 20 nanoseconds or better.

WWGS84—The World Geodetic System 1984 is a geocentric coordinate system designed to fit the shape of the Earth. It is often used as a reference on a worldwide basis, while other coordinate systems are used locally to provide a better fit to the Earth in a local region.


Index

Aair transport caution, 7Allegro CX, Bluetooth

connections, 66–69antennas

GNSS, 16internal radio, 12, 17wireless communication, 10

audible annunciator, 34–36authorization codes, 29

Bbase

external radio, 70setup, 42–46system components, 4

batteriesbattery life gauge, 23–24component overview, 14external, 49internal, 48–49, 52internal run times, 14low condition, 35power output, 13, 50

Bluetooth. See wireless communica-tion

button, power. See power button

Ccables, 13–14, 71cautions for use, 6charging internal batteries, 23, 49,

52collecting data, 53–59color coding, 13COM ports, 13, 30communication

ports, 13, 30–32

status indicators, 30–32wireless. See wireless communi-

cationcomponents, 3–5, 9–18Config Tool, 8, 17, 34, 55Configuration Manager, 8, 54, 57configurations, 53–57connecting through wireless, 32consumption, power, 50covers for ports, 11current, maximum, 7customer support, 8

Ddata

collecting, 53–59defining for collection, 54–57file naming, 57loss of, 51storage, 53, 58transfer collected, 53transferring, 38See also files

deleting files, 22display panel

features, 20–36icons, 19overview, 19–20

documentation, 6, 8downloading data, 38drivers, USB, 75–79

Eenclosure, overview of, 9epoch recorded, 36erasing the memory, 22error conditions, 28error correction, external radios, 73external battery, 49

Index


external radiosconfiguring, 70–74setup, 45

Ffactory reset, 22, 59features summary, 2field setup, 39files

deleting, 22naming conventions, 57See also data

firmware, 29formats, logs, 3frequency, external radio, 71

Ggauges

about, 23battery life, 23–24memory, 25–26occupation timer, 26–27satellite tracking, 24–25

GSM/GPRS radio, 17

Hhandheld data collection, 53height measurement point, 16

Iicons

display panel, 19port labels, 11

indicators, status. See status indica-tors

insufficient power, 51internal radios

about, 17antenna, 12, 17cautions for use, 6status indicators, 32–33

interruptions, logging, 48

Llanguage, selecting, 34LEDs. See gauges; status indicatorslog formats, 3logging

interruptions, 48memory capacity, 58rates, 3

Mmaximum current, 7memory, internal

about, 15erasing, 22full or low conditions, 35gauge, 25–26

messages. See audible annunciatormodes of operation, 2mounting socket, 7, 10

Nnaming conventions, files, 57

Ooccupation timer gauge, 26–27office setup, 38operation

display panel, 19–36modes, 2overview, 37

optional components, 5output power, 13, 50overview, 1

Pperipheral devices, powering, 13, 50phase center offset, 10ports

antenna, 12, 17

Index


color coding, 13communication, 13, 30–32covers for, 11icons, 11overview, 11–12power, 13status indicators, 30–31

post-processing data, 38power

consumption, 50failure, 51input, 7, 13, 15, 49output, 13, 50

power buttonabout, 20, 48functions, 20–22

power port, 13POWERUP Configuration

Manager, 8, 54, 57POWERUP configurations, 54–57

Rradios, external

configuring, 70–74setup, 45

radios, internalabout, 17antenna, 12, 17cautions for use, 6status indicators, 32–33

rates, logging, 3receiver health indicator, 21, 28–30re-establishing wireless

connection, 32repeater radio, 73resetting the receiver, 22, 59rover

external radio, 70setup, 39–41system components, 4

SSatel radios, configuring, 70–74

satellite tracking gauge, 24–25schedules, 54setup

about, 37office, 38RTK base, 42–46RTK rover, 39–41static base, 46

SIM card, 17socket, mounting, 7, 10sounds. See audible annunciatorspecifications, technical, 60startup sequence, 21static precautions, 7static setup, 46status indicators

about, 28communication ports, 30–31internal radio, 32–33receiver health, 28–30wireless communication, 31–32

storage of data, 53, 58support, technical, 8system components, 3–5, 9–18system setup. See setup

Ttape measure anchor point, 16technical specifications, 60technical support, 8transferring

collected data to PC, 53data cable setup, 38POWERUP configurations, 57

transmitter output, external radio, 72

troubleshooting, 28–30

UUHF radio, 17usage cautions, 6USB communication, 13, 38, 75–79

Index


Vvoice messages. See audible annun-

ciatorvolume, setting, 34

Wwarning conditions, 28wireless communication

about, 1, 17antenna, 10COM activity connection, 32configuring, 66–69connection established or

lost, 35–36re-establishing a connection, 32status indicators, 31–32

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Documents

GSR 2700 ISX - Operations Manual