GROWTH OF MOBILE COMMUNICATION

PRESENTED BY: RISHIKESH PRASAD

REGN. NO.:0501222070

HISTORY OF MOBILE PHONES

Mobile rigs – A two way radio system.It was not portable. They were permanently installed in vehicles.

During 1940s, Motorola developed a walkie-talkie. This battery powered "Handie-Talkie" (HT) was about the size of a man's forearm.

SCR 536 MOTOROLA WALKIE-TALKIE

GENERATIONS OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

• First generation (1G).

• Second generation (2G).

• Third generation (3G).

COMMON AIR INTERFACE

COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL

SPECIFIES:» HOW MOBILE SUBSCRIBERS AND BASE

STATIONS COMMUNICATE OVER RADIO FREQUENCIES.

» DEFINES CONTROL CHANNEL SIGNALLING METHOD.

THEREAFTER

SIGNALLING & SYNCHRONISING DATA DISCARDED AT THE BASE STATION.

THE REMAINING VOICE TRAFFIC PASSED TO THE MSC.

PSTN

COVERAGE AREA IS CALLED LATA(LOCAL ACCESS & TRANSPORT AREA).

SURROUNDING LATAs CONNECTED BY LEC(LOCAL EXCHANGE CARRIER).

LEC IS LOCAL CONNECTION PROVIDER.LONG DISTANCE CONNECTION

PROVIDED BY IXCs(INTER EXCHANGE CARRIER).

PSTN

LIMITATIONS OF WIRELESS NETWORKING

COMPLEX, NOT STATIC AS PSTN.

REQUIRES COMMON AIR INTERFACE.

ONLY ABLE TO HANDLE 0.1-0.2 MILLION CALLS SIMULTANEOUSLY, WHEREAS, CENTRAL OFFICE(CO) ,I MILLION.

MERGINGPSTN TRANSFORMED INTO TWO

PARALLEL N/Ws:– ONE DEDICATED TO CALL SIGNALING TRAFFIC.– THE OTHER TO USER TRAFFIC.– THIS TECHNIQUE IS CALLED COMMON CHANNEL

SIGNALLING.

IN TODAYS CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS:

– VOICE TRAFFIC CARRIED ON THE PSTN.– SIGNAL INFORMATION ON SEPARATE SIGNAL

CHANNEL.

FIRST GENERATION (1G)

The first commercial launch of cellular telecoms was launched by NET in Tokyo Japan in 1979.

First generation wireless technology (1G) was the original analog.

One such standard is NMT used in nordic countries, eastern Europe and Russia.

FEATURES

BASED ON ANALOG TECHNOLOGY.

FREQUENCY MODULATION.

SINGLE BASE STATION TO COMMUNICATE WITH A SINGLE PORTABLE TERMINAL.

CONT…

LOW RATE DATA TRANSMISSION B/W BASE STATION & MOBILE USER.

SPEECH SIGNALS DIGITIZED USING A STANDARD TDM FORMAT FOR TRANSMISSION B/W MSCs & THE PSTN.

HOW THE SYSTEM WORKED?

MANUAL REGN. IN NEW MARKET.

IN THE EARLY 1990s,• US CELLULAR CARRIER IMPLEMENTED THE

NETWORK PROTOCOL STANDARD IS-41 FOR AUTOMATIC REGN.

• THIS IS CALLED INTER-OPERATOR ROAMING.

IS-41

RELIES ON FEATURE CALLED AUTONOMOUS REGN.:

• MOBILE NOTIFIES A SERVING MSC OF ITS PRESENCE & LOCATION.

• MOBILE REPORTS ITS MIN(MOBILE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER) & ESN(ELECTRONIC SERIAL NO.).

• MSC VALIDATES AND UPDATES.

SECOND GENERATION (2G)

It was evolved in the year 1991 on the GSM standard in Finland.

It was digital in nature.

Introduction of data services in 2G .

GSM TELEPHONE

FEATURES INTRODUCTION OF NEW N/W

ARCHITECTURES.

REDUCED COMPUTATIONAL BURDEN OF MSCs.

GSM INTRODUCED THE CONCEPT OF BSC(BASE STATION CONTROLLER, INSERTED B/W BASE STATIONs & MSCs).

WHAT’S NEW IN 2G?

THE ARCHITECTURAL CHANGE ALLOWED CARRIERS TO USE DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS FOR MSC & BSC COMPONENTS.

2G SYSTEM USE DIGITAL VOICE CODING & DIGITAL MODULATION.

CONT…

PAGING, FACSIMILE & HIGH DATA RATE N/W ACCESS.

HANDOFF PROCESS IS MOBILE CONTROLLED AND IS KNOWN AS MAHO(MOBILE ASSISTED HANDOFF).

EX: DECT

ADVANTAGES OF 2G

Digital systems were accepted by consumers for several reasons

o Digitally encrypted.o Great sound quality and less noise.o Digital data services like SMS AND E-

MAIL.o Low power emission.

MARCHING TOWARDS 3G2 G networks were built mainly for

voice and slow transmission. In 2.5 G services like GPRS and HSCSD

came to surface. In GPRS services data transfer rate is

slow.These factors pushed the technology

towards 3G.

MUCH AWAITED THIRD GENERATION (3G)

Cellular mobile telecommunications networks are being upgraded to use 3G technologies from 1999 to 2010. Japan was the first country to introduce 3G nationally, and in Japan the transition to 3G was largely completed in 2006. Korea then adopted 3G Networks soon after and the transition was made as early as 2004.

CONT…

3G SYSTEM USE B-ISDN(BROADBAND INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL N/W).

SERVES BOTH STATIC & VEHICULAR USERS TRAVELLING AT HIGH SPEED.

TERMS USED:• 3G PCS(PERSONAL COMM. SYSTEM).• 3G PCN(PERSONAL COMM. N/W).

FEATURES OF 3G TECHNOLOGY

3G networks enable network operators to offer users a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral efficiency.

wireless voice telephony. Video call. Mobile broadband . EDGE.

3G

A 3G COMPATIBLE PHONE

GROWTH OF MOBILE COMMUNICATION IN INDIA

• India is now the 4th largest market for mobile phones.

• At the present growth rate of nearly 6 million mobiles per month.

• In comparison while tele density in China is 58 percent of the population, the tele density in India is only 18 percent.

• The rural penetration in both countries is around 4 percent.

CONT…

• The era of mobile broadband has commenced, but for remote and rural areas wireless as access network technology for broadband is the main technology.

3G LAUNCHED IN ORISSA!!!!!!!!

26TH MARCH’09, BSNL ROLLED OUT 3G SERVICES IN ORISSA.

SERVICES AVAILABLE IN BHUBANESWAR AND PURI.

BSNL TO COVER ALL 30 DISTT. AND DEVELOPING TOWNS BY THE END OF JUNE/JULY.

FUTURE PROSPECTSIS there anything beyond

3G?• Fourth-Generation, is a term used to

describe the next complete evolution in wireless communications.

• The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012-2015 time scale.

• It will be fully IP based integrated system.

OBJECTIVE AND APPROACH OF 4G

4G will be capable of providing between 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s speeds both indoors and outdoors, with premium quality and high security.

wireless broadband access.HDTV.Video chat . mobile Tv.

CONCLUSION

• THE VISION WITH ACUTE ACUMEN WILL BRING COCKSURE MOBILE REVOLUTION.

THANK YOU