Group2_Section D FinalDisaster Management through IT

8/11/2019 Group2_Section D FinalDisaster Management through IT

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Disaster Management

through IT

GROUP 2SECTION D

Archit Gupta 1301-029

Sumaiyah Ahmed 1301-227

Narasimha Malepati 1301-371

Mayank Bhardwaj 1301-539

Cecile Durot 13FRN-349


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Disaster Management

Disaster management- organisation and management ofresources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarianaspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, responseand recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters

-Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

Planning how torespond (warningsystems, evacuation

plans etc..)

Preparedness

Activities during adisaster (search andrescue operationsetc..)

ResponseActivities followinga disaster(temporary housing,

long term medicalcare etc..)

Recovery

Activities thatreduce the effectsof disaster (buildingcodes, publiceducation etc..)

Mitigation


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Geographical information

Systems (GIS)

Information systems that are capable of integrating, storing,editing, analysing, sharing, and displaying geographically-referenced information.

Preparedness

Helps in identification of resources and at risk areas

Helps in determining whether the road infrastructure

and communication systems can withstand the

effects of disaster

Response

Provides the user with information on exactlocation of emergency situation

Recovery

GIS provides a synopsis of the persons orinstitutions affected and what has beendamaged

Mitigation

GIS helps in representing areas of risk and thelevel of risk associated with a particularhazard, which can be a guide in decisionmaking

GIS & DM cycle


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Google Person Finder

Free service developed by Google engineers in the wake of 2010 Haitiearthquake

Allows NGOs, governments and individuals to contribute to the database which isavailable to everyone

Information dissemination using the embed option

Can be launched in various languages (for example, Google Person Finderapplication was launched in Hindi language during 2013 Uttarakhand floods)

In order to protect the privacy, data is removed after the purpose is achieved

Google also launched crisis maps which provides information about roads, reliefcamps and medical centres

IssuesLow Internet Penetration, availability of internet at the affected

location


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Overview of Google Person Finder


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Big Data in Disaster Management /Super Storm Sandy

Hashtags and words in Twitter feeds as well asInstagram photos related to Sandy

Evacuation rates in specific areas and other keywords

about resources, such as power, food, fuel and water.

Plotted out locations where supplies might be mostneeded

FEMA accessed more than 150,000 geo-tagged photosfrom Civil Air Patrol

Determine who was exposed and where there werestructural damages


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Better job of providing assistance to disaster survivorsfaster than ever done before

Big Data could help improve as a major part ofresponders preparation activities

Disaster simulations can at times suffer from a lack ofstatistical information

Over 20 million tweets posted during Hurricane Sandy

Only 3% of the worlds populationare active Twitterusers

Damage captured by this data is real damage
http://irevolution.net/2013/06/09/mapping-global-twitter-heartbeat/http://irevolution.net/2013/06/09/mapping-global-twitter-heartbeat/


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Decisions made by humanitarian professionalsduring disasters are not based on any kind ofempirical data

Challenges with Big Data:

Emergency managers need to extract right bits ofinformation at an early stage during a disaster.

Restrictions on the availability of public data on socialmedia sites


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Google Flu Trends Uses aggregated search data to estimate activity

in near real time

Flu related search increases in the flu season

Certain search terms are good indicators ofactual flue activity

Collaborated with CDC in US to create Google Flu

trends in the US

Data is produced by an automated formula frommillions of searches done on google over time


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Can never be used to identify individual users

Early detection of a disease outbreak enable publichealth officials and health professionals to betterrespond to seasonal epidemics and pandemics


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Looking at popularity of search queries :

identified query that matched with CDC data


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CDC indicated the same increase two weeks later


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Crowdsourcing / HaitiEarthquake

In the aftermath of Haiti earthquake, millions ofHaitians lacked food, water and shelter.

Aid workers lacked information about who neededhelp, and where

Cell towers up and running immediately following the

quake

Huge call volumes exceeded their capacity andresulted in service outages


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A text message hotlineMission 4636 supported by the U.S. Department of State

In the first month, Haitians sent more than 40,000texts to 4636.

The messages were in Haitian Creole

Aid workers designated to respond spoke English.

Crowdsourcing provided an answer: to allowhundreds of thousands of Haitians living outsidethe country to translate texts to english in realtime, and f or free, via a public website.


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Haitian Diaspora living abroad came ahead forthe help

Mission 4636 cost less than $500,000 to design,build and deploy

At a fraction of the cost of most relief budgets,crowdsourcing can solve coordination problemson the ground

Governments and aid agencies should make it acentral part of future disaster response efforts


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Disaster ManagementCloudComputing

A shared model : recovery infrastructure is split amongmultiple organizations

Cost-effective

Traditional restoration solutions : complex, requirespecialized IT skills and huge expenses

Traditional restoration solutions are thus impractical forsmall and mid-sized businesses

Cloud-based disaster recovery solutions are also easilyscalable


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Allow organizations to expand or contract recoverycapabilities on demand

Organizations dont have to pay for services theydont need.

Provide remote access tools: eliminate the need forphysical transfers of tapes, saves transfer cost

Do not require hardware purchases or in-housespecialized recovery knowledge

Give small and medium-sized businesses theopportunity to adopt the type of robust continuity anddisaster recovery

Same type of recovery times, recovery points andsecurity levels as large enterprises.


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Emerging Technologies forDisaster Management


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Google Glass

Future of emergency : real-time, hands-free and high-tech

HUD display : view maps,blueprints, surveillance videofeeds, and other informationon the display.

Voice commands


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Viewing of a street map of homes and businesseshit with power outages, and downed wires andtrees as a result of a blizzard or ice storms

Disarming bomb with help of live streaming video

Fire-fighters can use real-time blueprints whileoperating

Disadvantage : it doesn't work well in a loudenvironment

T i


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eTriage Triagedeciding the order of

treatment of patients; Not easyfor rescue parties to find the

patients

eTriageAdvanced electronictriage system for sensing physicalcondition of injured persons

eTriage helps in tracking

dynamic changes in patientscondition

Different views of the rescuescene are provided usingwireless communication serviceplatform

Overview of eTriage

Wide Areaview

DetailedAreaView


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Google Loon

Project developed by Google with a mission of providing

internet access to rural and remote areas

Uses high altitude balloons placed in the stratosphere to create

an aerial wireless network

These blimps can be used to provide internet connectivity in

disaster affected areas

Can be used to capture aerial imagery to assess the damage

caused by disaster


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IT based Researches to enhanceDisaster Management


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Digital Ubiquitous MobileBroadband OLSR (DUMBO)

Emergency network platform developed in the wake of 2004Tsunami disaster

Designed to provide multimedia communication among fieldteam members and with a distant command headquarter

The system comprises Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) andsatellite IP network

Deployed with multimedia

sensor and face recogn-

ition applications


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WISECOM Project

WISECOMWireless Infrastructure over Satellite forEmergency COMmunications

Ongoing project created by the German Aerospace

Centre

Aims to develop a complete telecommunication systemthat can be rapidly deployed after a disaster

Intends to restore local GSM infrastructures and providewireless data access using satellite communication

Location based services for locating victims and rescueteams


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WISECOM Project

Wireless local accesspoints to provide networkaccess

Wi-Fi hotspots aredeployed around the

vehicles to providecoverage up to 1km

Wi-Fi hotspots are in turnconnected to the satelliteaccess point

All the required equipmentcan be rapidly transportedto disaster site in a normalcar


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Conclusion

Most of the disasters destroy communication infrastructure

and disconnects the affected area

Very important to restore the communication with outside

world at the earliest possible

IT can help in knowing the situation at the disaster area in

real time (Google Glass)

Recovery can be done very faster with the help of IT


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THANK YOU

Documents

Group2_Section D FinalDisaster Management through IT