Group Seek & Find

• P. 360 – 362 • Make & Fill in your

chart of Resources (strengths) of the North & South

• Make & Fill in your chart of the Strategies of the North & South

Northern Resources (Strengths)

Southern Resources (Strengths)

Northern Strategies

Southern Strategies

1. Preparing for War1. Preparing for War

Northern Northern (Resources) (Resources) StrengthsStrengths

Southern Southern (Resources) (Resources)

StrengthsStrengths

Rating the North & the Rating the North & the SouthSouth

Rating the North & the Rating the North & the SouthSouth

Northern StrengthsNorthern Strengths • Existing army and Existing army and

navy navy • Large population Large population

could provide more could provide more soldiers and workerssoldiers and workers

• More factories to More factories to produce suppliesproduce supplies

Southern StrengthsSouthern Strengths• Experienced military Experienced military

commanders (best commanders (best generals)generals)

• Fighting for a strong Fighting for a strong belief in self-belief in self-government and their government and their way of life way of life

• Needed only to Needed only to defend territory, not to defend territory, not to attack attack

Northern StrategiesNorthern Strategies

Southern StrategiesSouthern Strategies

Northern StrategiesNorthern Strategies

• Use blockade to Use blockade to prevent south from prevent south from tradingtrading

• Gain control of the Gain control of the Mississippi River Mississippi River (Anaconda Plan)(Anaconda Plan)

• Capture Confederate Capture Confederate capital of Richmond, capital of Richmond, VirginiaVirginia

Southern StrategiesSouthern Strategies• Prepare and wait, Prepare and wait,

hoping union will not hoping union will not pursue warpursue war

• Push back Union Push back Union attacks until attacks until Northerners lose the Northerners lose the will to fightwill to fight

• Gain support of Gain support of European countriesEuropean countries

Statistics Refresh: Who had the advantage?

Anaconda Plan

• Surround the south, and cut off it’s supplies ( a huge siege)

• The Anaconda Plan

THE ANACONDA PLANTHE ANACONDA PLAN

• Union General Winfield Scott developed the first major Union strategy in the Civil War, the Anaconda Plan. Under the Anaconda Plan, the Union planned to blockade ports in the South while taking control of the land around the Mississippi river, effectively cutting off the South’s supply and distribution lines.

1.) Outline the Mississippi River in blue2.) Make red dots on the ports that were to be blockage/captured 3.) Make a purple dot on the Confederate capitol4.) Shade the area that was to be contained by the Anaconda Plan

QuestionsQuestions• What waterways and ports did Scott propose

blocking?

• What was the ultimate goal of Scott’s Anaconda Plan?

• In what way might Scott’s Anaconda Plan have led to the quick defeat of the Confederacy?

• What is meant by the metaphor of the ‘anaconda’?

Waterways - Atlantic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico as well Waterways - Atlantic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico as well as the Mississippi River; Forts Jackson and Saint Philipas the Mississippi River; Forts Jackson and Saint Philip

Gain control of the Mississippi in order to cut the South’s Gain control of the Mississippi in order to cut the South’s supply lines and distribution linessupply lines and distribution lines

A successful execution of the Anaconda Plan would have A successful execution of the Anaconda Plan would have left the South w/o the resources necessary to continue left the South w/o the resources necessary to continue fightingfighting

Constricting the South, much like an anaconda constricts Constricting the South, much like an anaconda constricts its prey, until its life lines, or supplies, are cut offits prey, until its life lines, or supplies, are cut off

2.) Modern War

A war in which advancements in technology increase casualty rates

Weapon Explanation

1.)

2.)

3.)

4.)

5.)

6.)

7.)

Modern Warfare

Colt Revolver: fires 6 times without reloading

Modern WarfareRepeating Rifle: fires 7 times without

reloading & more accurate

Modern Warfare

Rapid fire gun fires 65 times per minute

Modern Warfare

Gatling Gun machine gun… 600 rounds per minute

Modern WarfareBullets with rifling

(grooves) :More accurate, cause more damage

Gangrene Infection Gangrene Infection from war wound from war wound

Surgical Instruments Surgical Instruments

Red Cross Nurses Red Cross Nurses

Modern Warfare

Shell hollow casing filled with black powder – fuse to ignite

Modern Warfare

Ironclad Ship Iron plates cover wooden ship… bullet proof!

3. Union Leadersa. _____________ = Head

general of Union forces

i. Strategy = _____________… fight to the last man standing

• Characterized by high casualty rates

• Side with more resources wins

Ulysses S Grant

War of Attrition

b. _________________ = general of Union forces

i. Strategy = ______________________________ … burn anything that might be useful to the enemy

ii. Infamous for _________________ : captured Atlanta and burned everything as troops marched to Savannah

William T. Sherman

Scorched Earth Policy

Sherman’s March

4. Confederate Leadersa. _______________ =

President of Confederacyb. ______________________ =

head general of Confederate forces

i. Opposed to secessionii. turned down Lincoln’s

offer to lead Union forcesiii. strategy = _______________

* do not need to win… just need to tire out North

“There are few, I believe, in this enlightened age, who will not acknowledge that slavery as an institution is a moral and political evil.” – Robert E. Lee

Jefferson Davis

Robert E. Lee

Defensive War

Is it not strange that the descendants of those Is it not strange that the descendants of those Pilgrim Fathers who crossed the Atlantic to Pilgrim Fathers who crossed the Atlantic to preserve their own freedom have always proved preserve their own freedom have always proved the most intolerant of the spiritual liberty of the most intolerant of the spiritual liberty of others?others?

c. __________________ = Confederate General

i. Strategy: uses cavalry to outflank enemy and attack supply line

ii. Accidentally shot and killed by his own troops

"Give General Jackson my affectionate regards, and say to him: he has lost his left arm but I my right." – Robert E. Lee

Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson

Songs of the Civil WarSongs of the Civil War

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord; He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are

stored; He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword; His truth is marching on.Glory, glory, hallelujah! His truth is marching on.

Listen

Full version of Battle Hymn of the Republic by Julia Ward Howe

Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the LordHe is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored,He has loosed the fateful lightening of His terrible swift sword

Chorus: His truth is marching on. Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah! His truth is marching on

I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling camps They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps

Chorus

I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnish`d rows of steel, "As ye deal with my contemners, So with you my grace shall deal;" Let the Hero, born of woman, crush the serpent with his heel

Chorus

He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call retreat He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment-seat Oh, be swift, my soul, to answer Him! be jubilant, my feet!

Chorus

In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea, With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me: As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free,

Chorus

John Brown’s Song• Old John Brown’s body lies moldering in the grave,

While weep the sons of bondage whom he ventured all to save; But tho he lost his life while struggling for the slave,His soul is marching on.

• John Brown was a hero, undaunted, true and brave,And Kansas knows his valor when he fought her rights to save; Now, tho the grass grows green above his grave,His soul is marching on.

• He captured Harper’s Ferry, with his nineteen men so few,And frightened "Old Virginny" till she trembled thru and thru;They hung him for a traitor, themselves the traitor crew,But his soul is marching on.

• John Brown was John the Baptist of the Christ we are to see,Christ who of the bondmen shall the Liberator be,And soon thruout the Sunny South the slaves shall all be free,For his soul is marching on.

• The conflict that he heralded he looks from heaven to view,On the army of the Union with its flag red, white and blue.And heaven shall ring with anthems o’er the deed they mean to do, For his soul is marching on.

• Ye soldiers of Freedom, then strike, while strike ye may,The death blow of oppression in a better time and way,For the dawn of old John Brown has brightened into day,And his soul is marching on.

Oh, I wish I was in the land of cotton, Cinnamon seed and sandy bottom, Look away, look away, look away Dixie Land.In Dixie Land, where I was born in, Early on one frosty mornin’Look away, look away, look away Dixie LandI wish I was in Dixie, Hooray! Hooray!To live and die in DixieAway, away, away down south in DixieAway, away, away down south in Dixie

DixieDixie

Listen

Full Version of Dixie O, I wish I was in the land of cottonOld times there are not forgottenLook away! Look away! Look away! Dixie Land.

In Dixie Land where I was born inEarly on one frosty mornin'Look away! Look away! Look away! Dixie Land.

Chorus:O, I wish I was in Dixie!Hooray! Hooray!In Dixie Land I'll take my standTo live and die in DixieAway, away,Away down south in Dixie!

Old Missus marry Will, the weaver,William was a gay deceiverLook away! Look away!Look away! Dixie Land.

But when he put his arm around herHe smiled as fierce as a forty pounderLook away! Look away!Look away! Dixie Land.

Chorus

His face was sharp as a butcher's cleaverBut that did not seem to grieve herLook away! Look away!Look away! Dixie Land.Old Missus acted the foolish partAnd died for a man that broke her heartLook away! Look away!Look away! Dixie Land.

Chorus

Questions:1. Why do you think poet Julia Ward Howe

changed the lyrics to “John Brown’s Body” to “The Battle Hymn of the Republic”?

2. Analyze Lyrics: Why do you think Union soldiers found “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” so inspiring?

3. Draw Inferences: Why might Lincoln have asked for “Dixie” to be played when the war ended?