Group 7 – The Halogens

F

Cl

Br

I

At

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Properties of the Halogens

F

Cl

Br

I

At

Colour

Green

Orange

Grey/black

State

Gas

Liquid

Solid

Yellow

Black Solid

Gas

INC

RE

AS

ING

MO

LE

CU

LA

R S

IZE

INC

RE

AS

ING

MO

LE

CU

LA

R S

IZE

INC

RE

AS

ING

DE

NS

ITY

INC

RE

AS

ING

DE

NS

ITY

DE

CR

EA

SIN

G R

EA

CT

IVIT

YD

EC

RE

AS

ING

RE

AC

TIV

ITY

Uses of the Halogens

Fluorine

IodineBromine

Chlorine

Toothpaste

Water treatment

Extraction of Aluminium

Non stick coatings

Enrichment of Uranium

Water disinfection

Hydrochloric acid

Plastics

Bleaches

Photographic film

Tear gas

Flame retardants

Pharmaceuticals

Disinfectant

Halogen lamps

X ray diagnosis

Salt additive

Thyroid treatment

Cancer treatment

Reactions of the Halogens (1)

All of the halogens will react with Alkali metals to produce ionic compounds

ALKALI METAL + HALOGEN METAL HALIDE

Sodium + Chlorine Sodium Chloride

2Na + Cl2 2NaCl

Complete these equations

Lithium + Bromine

Potassium + Iodine

Lithium Bromide

Potassium Iodide

Follow the pattern to write the balanced chemical equations

Reactions of the Halogens (2)

All of the halogens will react with Hydrogen to produce gasas

HYDROGEN + HALOGEN HYDROGEN HALIDE

Hydrogen + Chlorine Hydrogen Chloride

H2 + Cl2 2HCl

Complete these equations

Hydrogen + Bromine

Hydrogen + Iodine

Hydrogen Bromide

Hydrogen Iodide

Follow the pattern to write the balanced chemical equations

Reactions of the Halogens (3)

All of the halogens will react with water to produce 2 acids

WATER + HALOGEN ACID 1 + ACID 2

Water + Chlorine Hydrochloric + Hydrochlorus

Acid Acid

H2O + Cl2 HCl + HOCl

This also happens with Bromine and Iodine and the acids

formed are much stronger!