Group 1 MH Final

8/7/2019 Group 1 MH Final

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Project Work By Group No-1

MFM -1 st Year Part Time -2 nd Semester1.Roll No-10012.Roll No-10093.Roll No-10174.Roll No-1025

MMM -1 st Year Part Time -2 nd Semester5.Roll No-10036.Roll No-10117.Roll No-1019



Project Work By Group No-1

Subject : Production ManagementTopic : Materials Handling

Professor -in- charge : Prof. Bawa



Introduction

In any industrial organization, production is aprocess by which ,raw materials and otherinputs are converted into finished products.

Production may be used synonymously withmanufacturing.

Manufacturing is the process of producingonly tangible goods.



Introduction

Materials Handling is the movement, storage,control and protection of materials, goods andproducts throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption anddisposal.

The focus is on the methods, mechanicalequipment, systems and related controls usedto achieve these functions.



Industrial Mezzanine Forklift Pallet Racks

Industrial Mezzanine, Forklift AndPallet Racks



Types Of Materials Handled

Many types of materials of various size ,shapes and specific features are used. viz., ±

Raw materials ± Purchased components ± Materials-in-process(i.e. semi-finished goods) ± Finished Goods ± Packaging materials maintenance and repair

supplies ± Scrap and waste

± Rejects or rework



D efinition Of Materials Handling

Materials handling is defined as the art andscience of moving, packaging and storing of substances in any form. It includes ± Creation of time and place utility. ± Movement and storage of materials at lowest

possible cost through the use of proper methods

and equipments.



D efinition Of Materials Handling

Materials handling may also be defined as

± Art and science of conveying, elevating,positioning, transporting, packaging and storing of materials.

± Lifting, shifting and placing of materials which

effect a saving in money , time and place.



Importance Of Materials Handling

Efficient materials handling is important tomanufacturing operations ± Materials sent by vendor has to be unloaded ± Moved through inspections ± To production operations ± Then to the stores and ± Finally to the shipping department



Importance Of Materials HandlingUnloadedMaterial

Inspection To productiondepartment

To shippingdepartment



Importance Of Materials Handling

Materials handling is a subset of Plant Layout.They enhances the effectiveness of eachother. ± A good Plant Layout enables an operation to use

the most efficient handling. ± Efficient operations of appropriate materials

handling method reduces costs and enablesmaximum capabilities to be derived fromproduction facility.



Objective Of Materials Handling

± Reduce number of materials handling . ± Reduce cost of materials handling equipment. ± Reduce the distances through which materials are

handled. ± Lower unit handling cost. ± Reduction in manufacturing cycle time through

faster movement of materials and reduce thedistance through which materials is moved.Thusreducing work-in-progress inventory costs.

C ontd«.



Objective Of Materials Handling

± Contribution towards a better control of the flowof materials.

± Improve working conditions and greater safety inmovements of materials.

± Contribute to better quality by avoiding damages. ± Increased storage capacity through better

utilization of storage areas. ± Higher productivity at lower manufacturing costs.



Materials Handling Principles

Principle Of PlanningAll Handling activities should be planned.

Systems PrinciplePlan a system integrating as many Handlingactivities as is possible and coordinating the fullscope of operations (receiving, storage, production,inspection packaging, warehousing, shipping, andtransportation).




Principle Of Materials FlowPlan an operation sequence and equipment

arrangement to optimize materials flow.

Principle Of SimplificationReduce, combine, or eliminate unnecessarymovements and /or equipment.




Principle Of GravityUtilize gravity to move materials whenever

practicable.

Principle Of Space UtilizationMake optimum utilization of building cube.




Principle Of SafetyProvide for safe handling methods and

equipment.

Principle Of Unit-sizeIncrease quantity, size, weight of load handled.




Principle Of MechanizationUse mechanized or automated handling

equipment when practicable.

Principle Of Equipment SelectionIn selecting Handling equipment, consider allaspects of the materials to be handled, the move

to be made, and the Method's to be utilized.



Materials Handling Costs

Materials handling costs arises from two sources ± The costs of owning and maintaining equipment. ± The cost of operating the system.

Every effort should be made to reduce materialshandling cost as

± They do not add value to a product. ± Product will not be worth more simply because it was

moved but it will cost more.



Materials Handling Costs

Three fundamental ways of minimizing thecosts ± Eliminating the handling itself. ± Mechanizing , largely by conveyors & power driven

trucks making the necessary handling moreefficient.

± To have a record maintained for handling costs.



Organization For Materials Handling

Materials handling requires a carefullyplanned organized structure.

Emphasis depends upon the amount of handling required.A separate department must be developed tostudy procedures & devise better materialshandling techniques.Materials handling should be centralized.



Unit Load Concept

A unit load is a number of items , or bulkmaterials , so arranged that the mass can bepicked up and moved as a single object.

In grouping materials into units , manycompanies use skids or pallets so thatmechanical trucks can be employed to lift andmove the unit thus saving time ,cost and floorspace.



Factors Affecting The Selection Of Materials Handling Equipment

Production Problem Factors ± Volume of production ± Class of Materials handled ± The layout of plant and building facilities




Equipment Factors

± Adaptability ± Flexibility ± Load capacity ± Power ± Speed

± Space requirement ± Supervision

requirements ± Ease of maintenance

± Environment ± Cost




Human factors

± Capabilities of available manpower ± Safety of personnel



Types Of Materials Handling Systems

1.Equipment Oriented Systemsa) Overhead systemsb) Conveyor systemsc) Tractor-transfer systemsd) Fork-lift truck and pallet truck systemse) Industrial truck systemsf) Underground systems



a) Overhead Systems b) Conveyor Systems c) Tractor-transfer Systems

d) Fork-lift & pallet truckSystems

e) Industrial truck Systems f) Underground Systems

Equipment O riented Systems




2. Materials Oriented Systemsa) Unit handling systemsb) Bulk handling systems

c) Liquid handling systems

3. Method Oriented Systemsa) Manual systems

b) Mechanized or automated systemsc) Job-shop handling systemsd) Mass-production handling systems




4. Function Oriented Systemsa) Transportation systemsb) Conveying systemsc) Transferring systemsd) Elevating systems



Selection And D esigning Of HandlingSystems

Identification of appropriate systemsReview of design criteria and objectives of thehandling systemsCollection of data regarding flow pattern andflow requirementsIdentification of activity relationship between

departmentsD etermination of space requirements andestablishments of materials flow pattern



Selection And D esigning Of HandlingSystems

Analysis of materials and buildingcharacteristics

Preliminary selection of basic handling systemand generation of alternative systemsEvaluation of alternatives

Selection of best suited alternatives systemProcurement of the equipment andinstallation of the system



Types Of Materials HandlingEquipment

Conveyers -These are gravity powered devices,commonly used for moving loads from onepoint to another over fixed paths ± Belt conveyor ± Chain conveyor ± Roller conveyor

± Pneumatic conveyor




Cranes , Elevators and Hoists ± Overhead devices used for moving varying

loads between points within an area, fixedby supporting and binding rails ± Primarily used when the materials must be

lifted prior to being moved from one pointto another




Industrial trucksUsed for moving mixed or uniform loads

intermittently over variable paths .Examples ± Fork-lift truck ± Pallet trucks ± Tractors with trailers ± Power trolleys




Auxiliary equipmentsThese devices or attachments used withhandling equipment to make their use more

effective and versatile.Examples ± Ramps ± Positioners ± Pallets ± Containers ± Turn tables




Miscellaneous handling equipmentsExamples ±

Pipelines ± Automatic transfer devices ± Automated guided vehicle(AGV)systems ± Industrial robots



Summary

Materials handling Systems is one of the basiccomponents of any manufacturing system.

Materials handling requires systematicrecording, critical review and overseeing of allrelated activities to eliminate as manyunnecessary movements as possible.



Summary

The main objectives of materials handling areto prevent damage and improve productivity.

Generally, materials handling is considered animportant activity along all the links of thesupply chain, which include production,distribution, storage and retail. Minimizing thecomplexity of handling operations canincrease productivity and cut costs.



References

Books referredProduction And Operations Management

ByK. AswathappaK. Shridhara Bhat

Materials Handling EquipmentsByN. Rudenko

Various Internet Sites referred



Thank You

&All The Best

Documents

Group 1 MH Final