LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

"Motors, Power, and Data Loggers”

Greg Jourdan-Wenatchee Valley College

Melanie Danuser -NEEC and BOC Tuesday, May 8, 2018

3 Sessions

Session 1 - 8:30 -9:25 a.m. - Motors

Session 2 - 9:30 -10:25 a.m. - Power

Session 3 - 10:30 -11:25 a.m. –Ghost Loads & Data Loggers

LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

Session 3 Topics and Activities

Ghost Loads & Data Loggers

This hands-on discussion will cover how to use portable watt meters and data loggers to estimate costs of ghost/plug loads in your offices and buildings. Includes: 10 minutes introduction to hands-on activity and use of plug load logger (demonstrate programming of plug load logger)

LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

Session 3 Topics and Activities

Ghost Loads & Data Loggers This hands-on discussion will cover how to use portable watt meters and data loggers to estimate costs of ghost/plug loads in your offices and buildings. (4 work stations)

7 minutes max at each workstation to complete worksheet for each station (40 minutes total) Turn on equipment and Measure volts, amps, watts, power factor using the plug load logger Calculate energy consumption per hour Estimate annual operating hours Calculate energy consumption per year Determine annual operating cost at $0.10/kWh Rotate to next station and repeat 4 times

LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

Session 3 Topics and Activities

Ghost Loads & Data Loggers This hands-on discussion will cover how to use portable watt meters and data loggers to estimate costs of ghost/plug loads in your offices and buildings. (4 work stations)

10 minute report out Which plug load has the highest watts? Highest energy use? Most amps? Lowest and highest power factor? Opportunities for savings?

LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

Explain the energy use impacts of plug loads in commercial buildings

Identify options for measuring plug load energy use

Understand energy saving strategies for plug loads

Describe resources available to help you measure and manage plug loads

Hands on Experiments with Data Loggers

Learning Objectives

Plug Load Energy Use

and Using Data Loggers

To Track Usage

Plug Loads Defined

• Typical office equipment but also includes appliances, chargers, task lighting, portable heaters, vending machines, holiday displays, etc.

Everything that plugs into a receptacle

Comparing the Building Load Energy to Plug Load Use

Source: Energy Information Administration

Plug Load Energy Use

Plug load energy use for

computers and office

equipment is increasing. In

office buildings that have

improved the efficiency of

lights, heating and cooling, it

can represent as much as 50%

of the total electricity use.

Sources:

US – Energy Information Agency

CA – CEUS

2012 offices – NBI Measured Data

Plug Load Policy ? • What equipment is

allowed?

• Enforcement – Who is responsible?

• New equipment energy use

• Laptops? (Bring your own device)

• Surge protection?

Benchmarking Plug Loads

“You can’t manage what you don’t measure”

• The foundation of sound and sustainable energy management

Monitor Btu (more control) vs. Monitor $ (less control)

Plug Load Inventory • Use power plans to organize the walkthrough

• Use a data collection form

• Have employees complete form for their office

• Interns?

Case Study – Stanford University • 86% of campus inventoried • Ten buildings consume 30% of total campus

plug load consumption • Largest “energy hogs” were servers, lab

freezers, and space heaters • Plug loads are 22% of total campus

electricity use • Inventory informed new building electrical

infrastructure and cooling system sizing

Measuring Plug Loads

• Develop a metering plan • Electric panel vs. receptacle vs.

equipment load • What equipment cannot be

turned off for metering • Prioritize equipment types for

metering • Health and safety issues • Shutdown procedures • Reconfiguration requirements

on start-up

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

How Energy is calculated and How Much does that Heater

under the Desk Cost? Portable Electric Heater Power = 1500 Watts or 1.5 kW Daily Energy = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh/day Weekly Energy = 12 kWh/day x 5 days = 60 kWh/Week Monthly Energy = 60 kWh x 4 weeks x .06/kWh= $14.40/Month Total Annual Energy = $14.40 x 12 Months = $172.80/year Energy Costs for 10 Electric Heaters = $1,728.00/year Energy Costs for 100 Electric Heaters = $17,280.00/year

Simple Measurement

• Watts, Amps, Volts, Kilowatt Hours, Power Factor

• Relatively low cost ($25 to $125) • Built-in surge protection • Cumulative energy use • No time stamp (no logging

capability)

Data Loggers • Time stamp with

kwh use data • Able to store and

download data to computer for analysis

• Easy to deploy for one week intervals

• Use 30 second intervals to measure parasitic losses (idling)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUA1NfHbcEk

Submetering

• Receptacle circuits or panels

• Able to store and download data to computer for analysis

• Ability to interface with Building Automation System

• Licensed electrician required for install

Energy Saving Strategies

5 Steps For Managing Plug Loads

1. REVIEW. Inventory your equipment and focus on the devices that use the most energy

2. REMOVE. Eliminate or unplug unnecessary devices 3. REPLACE. Purchase the most energy efficient

devices for the job 4. REDUCE. Turn it off or power it down when not in

use 5. RETRAIN. Engage staff. Make sure they understand

why, when, and how to power down

Plug Load Energy Savings Opportunities

Source: NBI Plug Load Best Practices Guide

Power Management

Source: NBI Plug Load Best Practices Guide

• Enable aggressive power management settings

• Stay on top of your settings

• Activate sleep settings across a network of computers

• Consolidate/centralize printing, fax, copying services

Advanced Plug Strips/Timers

• Occupancy sensing

• Plug strips with integral timer • Smart strip with programmable scheduling

and metering • Timers for food service equipment • Switched receptacles • Vending miser for vending machines

Web Based and BAS/DDC Controls Metering & Control

Occupant Behavior

Remember: Buildings don’t use energy, people do

• Keep office staff well informed • Offer training on new devices • Communicate why managing plug loads is important • Consider friendly competitions that reward reductions in

energy use • Encourage staff to get into the habit of thinking about energy • Implement an “energy minute” at staff meetings to discuss

energy use • Check with staff frequently to find out if everything is working-if not, determine why and work to find a better strategy

Case Study: 4th & Madison

#1 #2 #3 #4

1 computer 1 computer 1 computer 1 computer

2 monitors 1 monitor 1 monitor 1 monitor

2 printers 1 printer 1 printer 1 printer

1 radio charger 1 radio charger 1 radio charger 1 radio charger

1 cell phone charger

1 cell phone charger

1 cell phone charger

1 cell phone charger

1 clock radio 1 AM/FM/CD radio

4 maintenance co-workers volunteer to be test subjects

Inventory of equipment taken:

"Business as

Usual"

"with smart

strip"

Annual

Energy

Savings

Test Subject Annual kWh Annual kWh % Reduction (kWh)

#1 1014.60 648.72 36.06% 365.88

#2 928.20 430.44 53.63% 497.76

#3 762.12 445.32 41.57% 316.80

#4 680.40 390.48 42.61% 289.92

total 3385.32 1914.96 43.43% 1470.36

The data

Initial Cost: 4 x $75.18 each = $300.72

Operations & Maintenance Cost = 0

Annual Energy Savings = 1470.36 kWh/yr

Simple Payback Period = 2.79 years

*Assumes a 10-year useful life, however, a typical lifecycle could be much longer

Financial Assessment - Seattle

State $ / kWh AES ($) SPP (yrs)

Alabama $0.1041 153 1.97

Hawaii $0.2631 387 0.78

Illinois $0.0846 124 2.43

New York $0.1683 247 1.22

Texas $0.0933 137 2.20

Environmental Impact

in Other Parts of the Country

AES = Annual Energy Savings SPP = Simple Payback Period

Time for … Hand’s On

Turn on equipment and Measure volts, amps, watts,

power factor using the plug load logger

Calculate energy consumption per hour

Estimate annual operating hours

Calculate energy consumption per year

Determine annual operating cost at $0.10/kWh

Rotate to next station and repeat 4 times

time for … Q&A

LEARN. LEAD. SUSTAIN

Washington State

•Smart Buildings Center -

http://www.smartbuildingsce

nter.org/tool-library/

Use the Tool Lending Library

| THE ESSENTIAL CREDENTIAL

IMPROVE YOUR FACILITY & CAREER

• DEMAND REDUCTION

• LIGHTING

• ENERGY MANAGEMENT

• BUILDING SCOPING

• O&M STRATEGIES

• INDOOR AIR QUALITY