ASEM Inclusive Eco-Innovation Programme

ASEIC-GGGI Cambodia Project in 2012

GREENING LOCAL COMMUNITIES THROUGH APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

SPECIAL FOCUS: ECO-INNOVATION IN ACTION - FINDING UNTAPPED ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES WITH SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS AND SOLAR COOKERS

LEAD AUTHORS/EDITORS

Seong Uk Hong, Ph.D (Professor, Hanbat National University)

Juhern Kim (Programme Manager, ASEIC)

Steve Gosselin (solar energy consultant)

CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

Bora Yoon (Assistant Programme Officer, ASEIC)

Helen Lee (Program Manager, GGGI)

RESEARCH ASSISTANTS

Eunhea Cho (KAIST), Eunhee Chang (Appropriate Technology Future Forum)

CORE TEAM

Jong-kon Park (SBC), Juhern Kim (ASEIC), Bora Yoon (ASEIC), Seong Uk Hong (Hanbat National University),

Daekyu Kim (Energy Farm), Gi-dae Kim (ISAC), Mangab Kim (NPIC)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Sang Hoon Lee (SMBA), Bonghwan Yang(SMBA), Sang Hun Lee (SMBA), Tae Jun Na (SMBA), Jong-kon

Park (SBC), Taesung Lee (SBC), Hakhoon Ahn (SBC), Sean Kim (ASEIC), Myung-kyoon Lee (GGGI), Ok-ju

Jeong (GGGI), Taeyong Jung (ADB), Juseob Lee (GGGI), Jeongtae Kim (MYSC), Daekyu Kim (Energy Farm),

Gi-dae Kim (ISAC), Jung Min Han (Goel), Mangab Kim (NPIC), Jolanda Zwetsloot (PICOSOL), Suyon Yu

(SBC), Eugene Jung (Jesuit Refugee Service Asia Pacific), Jeongeun Yi (ASEIC), Chiden Balmes (GGGI), Julie

Sohn (KOICA), Juseon Lee(ASEIC), Daye Kim (The Korea Times), Hyunae Ahn (SBC), Ki-young Jeon (SBC),

Ryoolsung Kim (SBC), Hido Lee (KTC Cable Cambodia), Khong Sam Nuon (MOE, Cambodia), Eva

Travilla(EME), Veasna Bun(World Bank), Bou Saroeun(World Bank),

PUBLISHERS

ASEM SMEs Eco-Innovation Center (ASEIC), Small and Medium Business Administration(SMBA), Small

and Medium Business Corporation (SBC), Hanbat National University

ISBN: 978-89-90003-86-7 03330

DISCLAIMER

The views expressed in this publication are purely those of the authors and should not in any

circumstances be interpreted as representing the views or official position of the wider set of reviewers

and contributors.

Cover photo: Daye Kim (The Korea Times)

Photographs: ASEIC, GGGI, ISAC, Kamworks, NRG Solutions

ASEM SMEs Eco Innovation Center (ASEIC)

The ASEM SMEs Eco-Innovation Center (ASEIC) aims to promote eco-innovation for small and medium-

sized enterprises (SMEs) in Asia and Europe. Its establishment was endorsed by the leaders of ASEM

member countries at the 8th ASEM Summit in Brussels, Belgium. ASEIC seeks to serve as an

international platform where growing environmental regulations and eco-innovation practices are

shared and new opportunities are created. ASEIC is currently funded by the Small and Medium Business

Administration (SMBA) of the Republic of Korea and its office is located in Seoul.

Copyright 2012 ASEM SMEs Eco-Innovation Center (ASEIC) 9F Business Office, 917-6 Mok-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea All rights reserved

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................ 5

FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................................... 9

TERMS ....................................................................................................................................................... 12

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 14

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 17

A Country Profile ............................................................................................................................................ 17

B Takeo Province Profile ................................................................................................................................. 20

C Background of Appropriate Technology ................................................................................................... 20

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................................................... 23

A Project Description ...................................................................................................................................... 23

B Project Components .................................................................................................................................... 24

1 Takeo Appropriate Technology Center........................................................................................................... 24

2 Solar Home Systems ....................................................................................................................................... 26

3 Grain Drying Facilities ..................................................................................................................................... 28

4 Solar Cookers .................................................................................................................................................. 32

SPECIAL FOCUS ........................................................................................................................................ 33

A Solar Home Systems .................................................................................................................................... 33

1 Market Analysis .............................................................................................................................................. 33

1.1 Cambodian Context ............................................................................................................................... 34

1.1.1 Government Rural Electrification Plans ........................................................................................... 34

1.1.2 Non-Government Electricity and Solar Energy Situation ................................................................ 36

1.2 Target market ........................................................................................................................................ 38

1.2.1 Demographics .................................................................................................................................. 38

1.2.2 Geographical Considerations........................................................................................................... 38

1.3 Market Players ....................................................................................................................................... 40

1.3.1 Solar Product Manufacturers .......................................................................................................... 40

1.3.2 Solar Home System Resellers .......................................................................................................... 41

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1.3.3 International Players ....................................................................................................................... 41

1.3.4 Government .................................................................................................................................... 41

1.3.5 NGOs ................................................................................................................................................ 41

2 Sales and Distribution ..................................................................................................................................... 43

2.1 Marketing, Awareness, and Demonstration .......................................................................................... 43

2.1.1 SHS Product ..................................................................................................................................... 43

2.1.2 SHS Place ......................................................................................................................................... 43

2.1.3 SHS Price .......................................................................................................................................... 44

2.1.4 SHS Promotion ................................................................................................................................. 44

2.2 Financing SHS ......................................................................................................................................... 44

2.2.1 Government Financing Programs .................................................................................................... 45

2.2.2 Microfinance Partner....................................................................................................................... 45

2.2.3 Self-financing Sales .......................................................................................................................... 46

2.2.4 Direct cash-sales .............................................................................................................................. 46

2.3 Distribution Options .............................................................................................................................. 47

2.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Service Consideratio