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“GREEN BUILDINGS”A solution for the future…

Presented bySHAKTI BANIYA

1KT10CV047

A Seminar on

Under the guidance ofMr. MOHANA KUMARA P K

Assistant professorDept of Civil Engg.

SKIT, Bangalore

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1. Defintion of GREEN BUILDING2. What led us to Green Building ?3. Goals of Environmental Buildings4. Schematic of a typical Green

Building5. Waste & Toxic Reduction6. Energy efficiency7. IEQ Enhancement8. Economics of a green buildings9. Case study: The Dalles middle

school (oregon) 10. Conclusions

Overview:

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• A building which is like a kind of a tree that would purify air, accrue solar income, produce more energy than it consumes, create shade & shelter, enrich soil & change with seasons.

• It consist of following features: Minimal disturbance to landscapes and site condition

Use of Recycled and Environmental Friendly Building Materials

Use of Non-Toxic and recycled/recyclable Materials

Efficient use of Water and Water Recycling

Use of Energy Efficient and Eco-Friendly Equipment

Use of Renewable Energy

Quality of Indoor Air Quality for Human Safety and Comfort

Effective Controls and Building Management Systems

DEFINITIONS OF GREEN BUILDINGS

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Nokia - Mumbai

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Olympia Technology Park – Chennai:

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A building consumes :• 2/5th of World energy production (excluding the energy

required to harvest, manufacture & transport)• 1/6th of all water pumped out of natural flows• ¼th of all virgin wood harvested (excluding furniture)

Ecological Footprints (concept developed by William Rees)• We are consuming resources like we live on more than 2

planet Earth Factor 10 efficiency gain• If we are consuming the resources of 2 planets, then a Factor 2

reduction is needed just to get to 1 Earth consumption & further a Factor 10 to get sustainability & balance when development of the majority of the planet is considered.

Population growth Resource consumption Waste production

What lead us to GREEN BUILDING ?

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GOALS OF A GREEN BUILDING

• To satisfy motives of environmental, economic & social benefits

• Reduce environmental impact of new buildings

• If the building is to be built in accordance with the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system, it will be helpful to review the requirements of LEED as part of the green project goal setting session, begin targeting which elements of LEED are going to be pursued, and establish firm criteria for meeting those goals.

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Working principles

9 Figure:schematic representation of a green building (Source: http://bit.ly/1gd2Yvj)

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Figure : Building design concept(Source: http://nems.nih.gov/Sustainability/Pages/Sustainable-Design-Green-Buildings)

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WASTE AND TOXIC REDUCTION• Reduce waste of energy, water & materials• During construction phase : reduce amount of

materials going to landfills• Well-designed buildings : help reduce waste generated

by occupants by providing on-site solutions• Compost bins-to reduce matter going to landfills• Greywater-used for non-potable purposes &

irrigation• Biogas plants (biological waste, human waste)• Create carbon sinks

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY:• Include measures to reduce energy use

• To increase efficiency of the building envelope they may use high-efficiency windows & insulation in walls, ceilings & floors

• Passive solar building design is implemented

• Maximum daylighting(effective window placement) to be provided

• Solar water heating reduces energy loads

• On-site generation of renewable energy – solar energy, wind power, hydropower, biomass

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Indoor Environmental Quality, one of the five environmental categories

Addresses design & construction guidelines such as:1. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

Reduce VOC’s & other microbial contaminantsBuildings rely on HVAC systemsZero or low emission products improve IAQ

2. Thermal QualityPersonal temperature & airflow control over HVACsProperly deisgned building envelope

3. Lighting QualityCreating a high performance luminous environment

IEQ enhancement

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ECONOMICS OF GREEN BUILDINGS • Reduction in lighting energy requirements by at least 50

percent• Cut heating and cooling energy consumption by 60 percent• Reduced water consumption by up to 30 percent or more• Lower building operating expenses through reduced utility

and waste disposal costs• Lower on-going building maintenance costs, ranging from

salaries to supplies• Increase worker productivity by six to 16 percent• Higher property values and potentially lower lenders’ credit

risk• Higher building net income• New economic development opportunities

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Case Study- The Dalles Middle School (Oregon)

(Source: http://www.energy.state.or.us/school/thedalles.pdf

Problem: Poorly built middle school in a

landslide area In 1955, to meet the sudden

influx of students, temporary facilities were constructed with an expectant life of 20 years, but were used for 45 years

By 2000, the State Fire Marshall closed down the facility with the decision to build a new school

Figure:Dalles middle school(Source:www.energy.state.or.us)

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Building Design

Heating and cooling are a large part of the energy use of a school building

The high temperature ground water from the landslide area was used to provide both heating and cooling using geothermal principles

It is one of the first schools in the nation that is heated and cooled with the very ground water that caused the landslides

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Lighting

Daylighting & Skylighting- Incorporated lots of natural light to reduce the need for electric lighting and the associated increase in the air conditioning load

Energy efficient fluorescent T5s installed in classrooms

Figure:Lighting(source:www.energy.state)

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Natural Ventilation

Operable windows pull fresh air into one side of the classroom, while ventilation stacks pull the air out on the opposite side of the classroom

At extreme temperatures, automatic backup mechanical ventilation systems used

Figure:Natural ventilation(Source:www.enery.state)

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• Application of Concepts of Sustainability

• Use of paints and sealers with low or no-volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

• Reclaimed ground water to irrigate the ball fields.• Exterior lighting directed downward to reduce night light pollution• Mechanically zoned science classrooms to avoid exposure to

hazardous chemicals• Stained the concrete walls to blend with the colors of the natural

landscape• Use of ceiling tiles produced from 75 percent post-consumer recycled

waste

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• High performance school building emerged that will prevent pollution, save energy, natural resources and money

• 60 percent cost reduction in energy expected

• Students performed better with the skylights and windows that bring natural, non-glare light inside the classroom

• Improved Indoor Air Quality and occupant comfort due to no-VOC emissions from building materials

Outcomes

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CONCLUSIONS

• Reduction in operating energy

• Reduction in water costs

• Increased productivity of occupants

• Health and safety benefits

• A ecological footprint• There is a need to use our energy resources very efficiently by using sustainable buildings.Within 10 years when compared to conventional buildings we can reduce the electricity consumption by 85%& gas consumption by 93%.So these buildings are eco-friendly, we need to create awareness.

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REFERENCES• Kennedy J, M. Smith, & C. Wanek , (2002),“Building with earth bags”,

journal of the art of natural building, , pp. 149-153 • Tom Woolley and Sam Kimmins ,(2000),"Guide to building products and

their impact on the environment", published by NY Routledge • Lynne Elizabeth and Cassandra Adams,(2000),"Contemporary Natural

Building Methods , Alternative Construction System" , published by John Wiley and Sons

 • Joseph F. Kennedy ,(1999),“ the art of natural buildings", published by

Kingston, NM : NetWorks Productions• www.wikipedia.org• www.whygreenbuildings.com• www.authorstream.com• http://www.greenbuilding.com/knowledge-base/what-green-building-

science

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Any queries

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THANK YOU