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Green Recovery And Reconstruction: Training Toolkit For Humanitarian Aid
Livelihoods
Session 1: Livelihoods, Disasters and Ecosystems
2Mod 8 Ses 1
Introductions
Tell us your name Which agency you work with Your current job responsibility Name one source of livelihoods that nobody
before you has already mentioned
3Mod 8 Ses 1
Ground Rules
Mobiles silent
Be punctual
Stay on topic
Succinct -be brief
One conversation
at a time
Active listening
Other?
4Mod 8 Ses 1
Green Recovery and Reconstruction Toolkit
Developed by WWF and the American Red Cross
Based on a 5-year partnership formed after the 2004 tsunami between WWF, AmCross and partners in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Maldives
Designed for use globally after natural disasters and conflict
Mod 7 Ses 1
5Mod 8 Ses 1
10 Program ModulesGreen Guide to:
1. Opportunities for Green Recovery and Reconstruction: An Introduction
2. Project Design, Monitoring and Evaluation
3. Environmental Impact Assessment Tools and Techniques
4. Strategic Site Selection and Development
5. Materials and the Supply Chain
6. Construction
7. Water and Sanitation
8. Livelihoods
9. Disaster Risk Reduction
10.Organizational Operations
Mod 7 Ses 1
6Mod 8 Ses 1
GRRT Principles
“Do no harm” to people and communities recovering from disaster by addressing environmental sustainability
Recognize that addressing the environment has multiple benefits
Take ownership Build back safer Be solution-oriented Emphasize the use of local knowledge
Mod 7 Ses 1
7Mod 8 Ses 1
Training Purpose
“Green Livelihoods Recovery”
Enhance your ability to assess and design environmentally
friendly sustainable livelihoods projects in post-disaster
situations
8Mod 8 Ses 1
Workshop Agenda
Sessions Livelihoods, disasters and ecosystems Break Ecosystems and livelihoods recovery Lunch Sustainable livelihood project design exercise
Any questions?
10Mod 8 Ses 1
Capabilities &
Assets &
Activities
... required to make a living
What factors influence people’s livelihoods options?
What are livelihoods?
afghanistan.usaid.gov/Images/Photo.61
11Mod 8 Ses 1
What is an ecosystem?
a dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro-organism communities and their non-living
environment interacting as a functional unit.
12Mod 8 Ses 1
The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework
PoliciesInstitutio
nsProcesses
Vulnerability
ContextShocks
SeasonalityTrends
Changes
influenceLivelihoodStrategies
LivelihoodOutcomes
Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop
H
N
FP
SAffected
Assets
13Mod 8 Ses 1
The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework
PoliciesInstitutio
nsProcesses
Vulnerability
ContextShocks
SeasonalityTrends
Changes
influenceLivelihoodStrategies
LivelihoodOutcomes
Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop
H
N
FP
SAffected
Assets
14Mod 8 Ses 1
Livelihood Asset Pentagon
Human assets
Natural assets
Financial assets
Physical assets
Social assets
15Mod 8 Ses 1
The amount and quality of labor
Human Assets
USAID Photo Gallery guatemala_spacing_h.jpg
• Education
• Family size
• Vocational skills
• Ability to work
• Health
• Others?
IFAD Photo by Lou Dematteis
16Mod 8 Ses 1
Natural AssetsNatural Assets
(… think of natural resources)
USAID Photo Gallery, CARE madagascar_land2_h.jpg
• Land
• Soil/water quality
• Access to water/ irrigation
• Fishing
• Ecosystem
• Biodiversity
• Others?
17Mod 8 Ses 1
(… think about access to money)
• Credits
• Markets
• Remittances
• Savings
• Cash or cash equivalents
• Others?
USAID photo gallery SS_CAR_MICROFINANCE_04-09-07.jpg
Financial AssetsFinancial Assets
18Mod 8 Ses 1
Physical Assets
Physical Possessions
• Shelter
• Household items
• Productive assets
• Livestock
• Tools
• Others?
Usaid Photo Gallery PACT sudan_return_h.jpg
19Mod 8 Ses 1
Social AssetsSocial Assets
(… think of family ties
and social networks)
• Family ties
• Social safety nets
• Communal labor
• Intra-ethnic support
• Others?www.undp.org.my
20Mod 8 Ses 1
So … Human capital• labour capacity• no education• limited skills
Natural capital• landless• access to natural resources (forests)
Financial capital• low wages• no access to credit
Physical capital• poor water supply• poor housing• poor communications
Social capital• low social status• strong links with family & friends• traditions of reciprocal exchange
Landlessagricultural household
=extremely reduced asset pentagon
Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop
Financial Capital
Social Capital
Physical Capital
Human Capital
Natural Capital
21Mod 8 Ses 1 21
(www.fao.org/docrep)(www.fao.org/docrep)
Asset Pentagons Differ for Different Groups
Family labour
Draught power
Tractor
21
22Mod 8 Ses 1
Group Discussion (15 minutes)
1. What are the potential impacts of natural disasters and conflicts on natural assets (and on ecosystems)?
2. How does using up (or preserving) natural assets (or ecosystems) increase (or reduce) people’s vulnerability to disaster shocks?
3. How do the SL framework and the asset pentagon help or hurt project managers interested in promoting ecological or environmentally friendly livelihoods projects?
Provide 1-2 specific examples for your assigned question.
You have 10 minutes to discuss your question.
23Mod 8 Ses 1
Group OneWhat are the potential impacts of natural disasters and conflicts on natural assets
(and on ecosystems)?
24Mod 8 Ses 1
Vulnerability
ContextShocks
Trends
“Vulnerability” Context
Based on model presented at IFAD SL Workshop
H
N
FP
S
Pre-disasterPost-disaster
• Disaster shocks can significantly alter the shape of the asset pentagon (and therefore people’s livelihood strategies)
• Decreased assets increases future vulnerability
Severe storms and flooding
25Mod 8 Ses 1
Group Two
How does using up (or preserving) natural assets
(or ecosystems) increase (or reduce) people’s
vulnerability to disaster shocks?
26Mod 8 Ses 1
Disaster, Livelihood, Ecosystem Links
e.g. Mangroves in Bangladesh
Asian mangrove. Credit: UNESCO
www.faa.gov
27Mod 8 Ses 1
Group Three
How do the SL framework and the asset
pentagon help or hurt project managers
interested in promoting ecological or
environmentally friendly livelihoods projects?
28Mod 8 Ses 1
In Summary Livelihood recovery involves more than jobs; must also address
factors leading to vulnerability Unsustainable livelihood practices Damage to ecosystems on which livelihood depends Limited and non-diversified asset pentagon Lack of knowledge or capacities for alternatives
Sustainable livelihoods resilient in the face of external shocks not dependent upon external support or external support is
sustainable long-term productivity of natural resources do not undermine livelihoods of others