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Green Initiative on Rail Coaches – A case study
of Northern Railway
1. Solar Powered BG Coach
2. LED Lights in existing Rail Coaches
3. External feed during maintenance of EOG trains
4. Adopting Head on Generation (HOG) system – Feeding EOG train from Locomotive
Some Green Initiatives Taken in Recent Past
Use of Solar Energy to Power Rail Coaches
N.Rly for the 1st time experimented feeding of lighting load on Narrow Gauge rail coaches of KLK-SML & Kangra Valley sections by Solar PV cells in 2012
The cost of Electrical energy in SG/EOG systems is above Rs 15-20 per unit
Solar PV based electric energy on the top of coaches can reduce to power Rail Coaches with benefit of green energy
Narrow Gauge Rake with Solar PV cells on the top
After getting success on NG coaches One BG GS coach was provided with Solar PV units for technology demonstration.
Unit details: Area available on the coach = 40 m2 12 Panels of 300Wp each = 3.6kWp Area covered by 12 panels = 24 m2
Area left uncovered = 16 m2
Each Module has 72 cells (0.416V) Solar Panel System voltage = 120 V Rating of Charge Controller = 110V, 30A (Voltage
range 90-135VDC) Total weight of system @ 22 Kgs/module = 264 Kgs
The system uses existing coach battery of 120Ah, 110V
During Winters:
Generation period = 7 Hrs (10.00 to 17.00 Hrs)
Average generation is about 6.5 Amps
Maximum current generated = 13.5 A
Average Power generated = 5.1 kWh
Power req. with 12 hrs working/day in winters with LED lights = 3.17 kWh
Trial run results of December, 2014
Generation period = 12 Hrs (06.00 to 18.00 Hrs)
Power generated = 11.4 kWh Total power requirement/day in summers with
12 hrs working = 13.5 kWh Enhanced Capacity of the system covering
full roof area = 9 kWp Generation with full roof covered = 19 kWhp This can meet requirement of Non AC coach
with over 15 Hrs coach working
Likely Generation in Summers
Designing the system to take care of wind pressure upto a speed of 120kmph
Giving aerodynamic shape to the complete assembly
Matching the channel of the panel with the coach body channels
Taking extra precaution by strengthening & welding the bolts & channel together
Ensure no water leaks from the bolt fixing points
Challenges faced in system installation
Keeping height of panel within SOD Reducing coach electric load by
providing LED lights & BLDC fans Fixing of Charge Controller inside the
coach above Rotary Junction Box Providing facility of connection with the
adjoining coach
Challenges faced in system installation
A system can be adopted wherein the solar PV module coach can work independently without alternator & having TC with the adjoining coach
This will greatly increase the coach availability as line failures on account of Alternator/Belt will reduce
Higher capacity PV cells can be explored to enhance generation capacity
PV cells may be of laminated type and provided as part of roof only
Modules may be provided on the side & End walls of the coach to enhance the capacity by 30%
Higher capacity VRLA battery bank be used
Future ahead
1. Cost of provision of solar panel = 6.0 Lacs/coach
2. Saving with solar panels/coach/annum = Rs 1.27 Lacs
• Av. Generation by solar energy for the complete year = 9.55 Units/Day
• Saving with solar panel per annum = 3486 Units
• Saving of revenue @ 15.88/Unit = Rs 55,358.00/Annum
• Saving due to low maintenance = Rs72,000.00/Annum
• Effective saving per year = Rs 1,27,358.00/Annum
3. ROR is about 5 years
Financial viability of system with complete roof covered with PV modules
LED Light retrofit in existing Rail Coaches
Existing coaches are provided with FL tubes of 18/20W or 2 CFLs each of 11W
N.Rly developed specification for retro-fitment with LED lights of 9W replacing existing 18W FL
Lux level improved by more then 40% Passenger Feedback is excellent Improved lights giving better aesthetic &
feeling of safety Colour temp. 6000-7000k (White Light) Colour rendering index ˃ 70 Protections for Short Circuit & current limiting The ROR in non AC/LHB coach is about 2 yrs
Use of Energy efficient LED lights in TL coaches
Improvement in Lux level with LED lights in TL coaches – Train no. 12472/71
Location
With LED lights With Tube Lights
Lumen Lumen
Cabin 1 87 46
Cabin 4 85 44
Cabin 8 88 47
Provision of 750V External supply during maintenance for EOG trains
This provides an average saving of 240Ltrs HSD/rake Average saving of DG set running ≃ 4-5 Hrs/day/rake Average annual saving per rake ≃ Rs 25 Lacs Used existing system/equipment (50/60 kVA Trs.) Provided at NDLS, NZM, DEE, ANVT, ASR & JAT
depots
HOG Scheme Running of 12005/06 NDLS-KLK Shatabdi
Express on HOG scheme started from 21.2.2011
Second STB, 12045/’46 CDG-NDLS started on 16.05.2014
Approximate fuel saving – 1500 Ltrs per trip @ Rs 75000.00 per trip
Thanks for remaining interactive
Schematic diagram
300Wp 300Wp
300Wp 300Wp
300Wp 300Wp
300Wp 300Wp
300Wp 300Wp
300Wp 300Wp
JUNCTION BOX
EXISTING BATTERY BANK,110V, 120Ah CHARGE CONTROLLER, 110V, 30A
LOAD
Solar Module
Charge ControllerShifted Rotary Junction Box
Coach with Solar panel
without alternator
Normal Coach with 4.5 kW alternator
Coach with Solar panel without
alternator
Normal Coach with 4.5 kW alternator
Saving due to maintenance in solar coach
For a rake of 20 coaches Minimum 2 skilled & 2 unskilled staff
are deputed for underframe Minimum staff/day/coach = 0.1 skilled
& 0.1 unskilled Staff expenditure/coach/month =
0.1 x 35000 + 0.1 x 25000 = 3500 + 2500 = 6000.00
Staff expenditure/coach/year = 12 x 6000 = 72000.00