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Green Growth Uptake in Asia-Pacific Region
Rae Kwon Chung, Director, Environment and Development Division, UNESCAP
Green Growth is one of the strategies to achieve sustainable development that focuses on greening conventional economic systems and developing a green economy, where economic prosperity can go hand-in-hand with ecological sustainability
GREEN GROWTH CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
4
Astana Green Bridge Initiative and Green Bridge Partnership Programme from MCED 6 to Rio+20
Astana, Kazakhstan
ESCAP, Bang 2010
5
Astana Green Bridge Initiative and Green Bridge Partnership Programme from MCED 6 to Rio+20
ECE, Geneva Astana, Kazakhstan
ESCAP, Bang 2010
2011
6
Astana Green Bridge Initiative and Green Bridge Partnership Programme from MCED 6 to Rio+20
RIO+20, Brazil
ECE, Geneva Astana, Kazakhstan
ESCAP, Bang 2010 2012
2011
ESCAP supports GBPP
Capacity Building Support
LCGGRM On-Line E-Learning
Facility on LCGG
Collection of best practices and their analysis; Development and implementation of pilot projects;
Establishing enabling conditions for Programme implementation
Political Support: ESCAP Commission Sessions 67/3, 69/9
Establish a sustainable partnership to implement priorities of “green growth”
Engaging Sub-Regional Office for North and Central Asia, Asia and the Pacific Center for
Technology Transfer
Green Bridge Partnership Programme will help to implement long-term and large-scale projects to
counteract environmental degradation
Republic of Korea
India
Vietnam’s Green Growth Strategy Objectives
Targets
Organization
Driving objective: Achieve low carbon economy and enrich natural capital Goals? - To restructure the economy according to green economy model
-To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
-To Improve living standards, creating an environment friendly lifestyle.
Targets for 2020 -Reduce GHG emissions by 8-10% (c. to 2010) -Reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 1-1.5% per year -Reduce GHG emissions from energy activities by 10% -20% (c. BAS).
Targets for 2030 -Reduce annual GHG emissions by 1.5-2 % -Reduce GHG in energy activities by 20-30% (c. to BAS)
Targets for 2050 -Reduce GHG emissions by 1.5-2% per year.
Key institutions: -National Committee Climate Change -Inter-ministerial Coordinating Board headed by Deputy Prime Minister with Minister of Planning and Investment as Vice Head. - Ministries and agencies: Planning and Investment, Finance, Natural Resources and Environment, ministerial agencies, and people’s committees of provinces and centrally managed cities.
Sectoral objectives: -Cleaner production: “clean industrialization strategy” to ensure efficient use of natural resources, and enhance investment in natural capital. -Cleaner consumption: increase city waste water collection and treatment systems, public transportation and cities with green urban standards.
Schedule: -Pilot phase from 2011-2020: public communication and information , policy mechanisms, key pilot project identification and priority programs:
-Expansion phase 2021-2030 (restructure the pillars of the economy to more sustainable ones, increase environmental audits)
- Adaptation phase 2031-2050 (determine the way forward based on progression).
Implementation Means: how? -Through effective public communication (labeling) and information (data systems and management tools).
- Take action on waste reduction through promotion of 3R policy, generate green jobs, encourage sustainable infrastructure and urbanization, and strive for resource mobilization for technology.
-Improve effectiveness and efficiency of energy use and use of renewable energy sources in industry and transportation sectors.
Priority Programs for 2011-2015: -Policy framework for Green Industries -Policy framework for green agriculture and rural development -Policy framework for green urban areas -Policy framework for green tax, fiscal policies including subsidies -Policy framework to support the development of green technologies
National Policy Frameworks Cambodia: Cambodia adopted the National Green
Growth Roadmap in 2010; National Green Growth Council under the PPM in 2013;
Mongolia: The Mongolian Parliament approved the Green Development Policy in June 2014;
Indonesia: President Joko Widodo will continue subsidy reforms and invest in social policies and green SMEs;
Fiji: adopted a Green Growth Framework; Vanuatu:
Green Banking Initiatives – Asia Pacific Region
> China Development Bank - Sustainable Development Strategy: By the end of 2013, the balance of China Development Bank loans to green projects had reached 1.191 trillion yuan, amounting to saving 65.8 million tons of standard coal and reducing 174.47 million tons of CO2 emissions.
> Republic of Korea Ministry of Environment - Green Credit System: Since inception of the scheme in 2011, more than 7 million credit cards have been issued. It is estimated that the Green Credit System has resulted in an emissions reduction 1.6 million tonnes of CO2.
> Development Bank of Japan – Eco-Rating and Low-Interest Loans for Environmental Innovation: Between 2004 and 2010, 200 companies qualified for low-interest loans through this scheme, including manufacturers, chemical engineering companies and machinery makers.
> Central Bank of the Republic of Indonesia - Environmental Regulations and Green Banking and Lending: The Central Bank and 120 commercial banks within the country have invested USD 397.8 billion in green finance projects. The five sectors which have received the largest percentage of investments are: Hydro (26.08%), Geothermal (25.72%), Environmentally Efficient Machineries (19.64%), Organic Cultivation (19.48%) and Eco-Label Products (4.58%).
> Bangladesh Bank – National Policy Guidelines for Green Banking: A review of corporate social responsibility initiatives in 2011 found that 172 banks had incorporated green banking initiatives in their own practises and client businesses.
Green Growth Capacity Development Programme since 2005
Since 2005; about 1500 policy makers from 59 countries in Asia-Pacific, WA, N&L America, Africa, Europe;
ESCAP, AIT, KOICA, SINGG and UK High Commission; 4 Green Growth on-site ToT seminars in 2012: Thailand, Malaysia, the
Philippines, Vietnam, and 5 in 2013: Brunei, Laos PDR, Myanmar, Mongolia and Kazakhstan
10 regional policy dialogues; 10 National and 14 Regional Training of Trainers Seminars; 6 Leadership
Workshops; Pilot applications in Kazakhstan, Cambodia, Samoa, Fiji (2008-2010); National partners; On-line e-Learning Facility and national e-Learning nodes
Emphasizes policies, tools, and techniques tailored to region
Builds individual and organizational capabilities
Application of Green Growth policies and tools in socio-economic policy planning
Green Growth Capacity Development Support
Low Carbon Green Growth Roadmap
Publication
Green Growth on-line e-Learning Facility / Portal
Policy Dialogues, Leadership
Programme, Training of Trainers
ESCAP Low Carbon Green Growth Roadmap
The Roadmap five main tracks: • Improving the quality of growth
and maximizing net growth
• Changing the invisible structure of the economy: Closing the gap between economic and ecological efficiencies
Changing the visible structure of the economy: Planning and designing eco-efficient Infrastructure Turning green into a business opportunity Formulating and implementing low carbon development strategies
63 fact sheets and 51 case studies and 8 policy papers
Low Carbon Green Growth Roadmap (5 modules) Fundamentals of Green Growth (4 modules) Liveable Cities (2 modules) Sustaining Growth (2 modules)
Green Growth online e-learning facility Core courses
National e-Learning Nodes
University of Malaya, Center for Poverty and Development Studies (UM, CPDS) - Malaysia
Center for Capacity Building at the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) - Pakistan
The Sustainability Platform (TSP) - India
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DEN - Philippines
University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD) - Brunei
Green Economy and Green Growth Myanmar Association - Myanmar
Vietnam-Korea Centre for Environmental Research and Training (VKCET) - Vietnam
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) – Laos PDR
Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)– Thailand
National Green Growth Secretariat - Cambodia
Coalition for Green Economy and Development G-Global - Kazakhstan
The on-line e-learning facility was launched on 14 November 2011, while on-site training began 17 September 2012
To date: 14 on-site training sessions and 22 on-line e-learning sessions 1,309 participants representing 91 UN member States 1,013 participants (77%) represent 37 ESCAP member States
167 157
100 92
55 47 44 43 40 34 30 24 21 19 18 16 14 14 12 10 9 8 8 7 7 6 5 5 5 4 4 3 2 1 1 1 1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Figure 1. Numbers of participants from 37 ESCAP member countries, starting on 14 November 2011.
Participant overview
Figure 2: Number of participants from 10 ASEAN countries.
167 157
92
55 47 43 40
21 14 5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
5% 11%
10%
49%
2%
9%
7%
4% 1% 2% East and North East Asia
North and Central Asia
South and South West Asia
South East Asia
Pacific
Middle East
Africa
Europe
South America
North America
Figure 3: Regional spread of participants.
• ASEAN member States: 641 participants have enrolled (the on-site or on-line training) • 49 % of Total participants and 63% of the total ESCAP member State participants
• 23% originate from non-ESCAP member States across Europe, Africa, South/North
America, and the Middle East
Sub-Region Participants (persons)
Total Female % Male %
South East Asia (SEA)
335 52% 307 48% 642
South and South West Asia (SSWA)
38 30% 90 70% 128
Pacific (P) 7 33% 14 67% 21
East and North-East Asia (ENEA)
38 54% 33 46% 71
North and Central Asia (NCA)
75 52% 68 48% 143
Others 1 * 16 53% 14 47% 30
Others 2 ** 87 32% 187 68% 274
Grand Total 596 46% 713 54% 1,309
* ESCAP Member states but not involved in Sub-regional classification ** Not ESCAP Member states
46% 54%
Total
Female
Male
Region-Gender Breakdown • 596 female participants(46%) 713 Male Participants (54%) • South East Asia (SEA) represents the largest participant sub-region (49%)
Table 1: Participant by sub-region, by total and gender, 2011 to 2014.
Country Case No. Country Case No. Country Case No.
ASEAN 1 Japan 1 Pakistan 4 Australia 2 Jordan 1 Palestine 1 Bangladesh 1 Kazakhstan 4 Singapore 1 Bhutan 1 Korea 1 South Africa 1 Brunei Darussalam 2 Kyrgyzstan 1 South Korea 1 Bulgaria 2 Lao PDR 2 Sri Lanka 1 Cambodia 6 Latvia 1 Sweden 2 China 3 Lebanon 2 Syria 1 ECOWAS 1 Malaysia 8 Thailand 13 Egypt 1 Mexico 1 The Philippines 8 Ethiopia 1 Myanmar 4 Timor Leste 1 Italy 1 Nepal 4 USA 1 India 10 Oman 2 Vietnam 30 Iraq 1 Total 130 [Case studies by country or regional organization examined]
[Map of case study origins]
Collection of Case Studies on Green Growth Applications in Asia and the Pacific • 130 Case studies from 40 Countries
Community-Based Projects
CAMBODIA PILOT: PRO-POOR GREEN BUSINESS MODEL ON RENEWABLE ENERGY (SOLAR)
Two floating villages Kompong Prohot and Anlong Ta Ur in Battambong Province
Renewable Energy for Community Development Low technology transfer from Vietnam and Thailand to Samoa
WASTEWATER IMPROVEMENT IN THAILAND: THE LAEM PHAK BIA PROJECT
The process of the treatment plant is as follows: o Collecting wastewater from nearby communities in the province into the pumping station area o The pollution treatment process begins after the water is pumped from the station into an 18-
kilometre pipeline to Laem Phak Bia where the wastewater treatment system and the garbage collection system are utilized simultaneously
One of the most well known projects on wastewater improvement in Thailand
BIOGAS SUPPORT PROGRAM (BSP) IN NEPAL – AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
BSP has become a successful and beneficial effort for Nepal toward the implementation of Green Growth
o BSP provides targeted subsidies to low income households based on successful installation and sustainable use of biogas plants
o During the last 20 years of the project’s implementation, over 260,000 biogas installations have been established in over 2800 VDCs throughout all 75 districts of Nepal
The program was co-founded by the Nepalese government and the Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) in 1992, and is the first program in Nepal to operate under the Clean Development Mechanism
principles
Thank you for your attention and good training
