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„Cities need greensizes S, M, L and XLotherwise the human
ecosystem is incomplete.“
Gil Peñalosa, CEO „8-80 Cities“ quoted in
„Happy City“ by Charles Montgomery (2013)
© P
aul
McM
ulli
n
1.78 bnPeople have inhaled
polluted air over the pastdecade; this has led to
multiple diseases
12˚Chotter evening temperatures in urban areas with a population exceeding 1 million than in surrounding areas
6-10 dB(A)reductions are feasible in ambient noise levels
© A
rup
/ a
lexs
l/
John
Lar
son
BERLIN
Temperature difference fromcity to surrounding areas
2 C°
Air Quality Index Scale basedon US EPA Standard
34
© c
anad
asto
ck
Five Global Case Studies - Morphology
Air Pollution Conclusion
10-20%Local reduction in concentration of PM
Height to Width Ratio as well as orientation is key for reduction
Five Global Case Studies - Morphology
Acoustics Conclusion
10 dB(A)Sound level reduction from emergent traffic noise
Greater impact during
night when ambient noise
level is lower.
Greater impact with
increasing distance from
noise source
Only if the base of the
building is covered,
significant reductions can
be achieved
Five Global Case Studies - Morphology
Urban Heat Island Conclusion Building
8%Reduction of peak energyconsumption
Insulation
Windows
Internal Loads30-50%Stated in some studies
Five Global Case Studies - Morphology
Urban Heat Island City
City Grid
Solar Radiation
Height to Width Ratio
Percentage of green space
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Five Global Case Studies - Morphology
Urban Heat Island
1 4 3 10 11Potential change in air temperature due to green facades, correlates with H/W ratio (in °C)
Green Building Envelope
1. Urban agriculture2. Greenhouses3. Vertical farming4. Beehives and highways5. Wildlife corridors6. Integrated habitat creation7. Flood resilience8. Water storafge9. Sustainable urban drainage10. Bioremediation11. Green wall –top down12. Green wall13. Modular plant walls14. Seeded living walls15. Moss walls16. Tree facade17. Bioreactive facade18. Green roofs19. Wildlife roofs20. Wet roofs21. Urban forestry22. City gardens23. Photovoltaic roofs24. Energy generation
Significant improvement can only be made for:
• Fine dust absorption
• Reduction of heat island effect
• Noise pollution
• Improved strom water management
• Reduction of behavioural agression
• Stress reduction for inhabitants
….if we tackle the exisiting building fabric,
more importantly than building new buildings…..
Way forward…… by tackling existing city fabrics
Green Building Envelope
© A
rup
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anie
l Im
ade
/ Is
abel
Hei
nem
ann
Danke Für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!Rudi Scheuermann, Arup Fellow
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