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reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

uhammad Firdaus Omar 0629005hahifulazmi Adnan 0721499ntroduction to History and Civilization

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Late archaic period (550 - 500 BCE ) toLate archaic period (550 - 500 BCE ) toClassical Greek (430 400 BCE)Classical Greek (430 400 BCE)

The temple was the most common andThe temple was the most common andbest-known form of Greek publicbest-known form of Greek publicarchitecture.architecture.

Served as storage places for the treasuryServed as storage places for the treasuryand goldsand golds

Attributed to the Gods (Athena, Apollo,Attributed to the Gods (Athena, Apollo,

Artemis)Artemis)

Many building are not survived the war [byMany building are not survived the war [bythe Persian and the Turks]the Persian and the Turks]

In tro d u ctio n

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DoricDoric

MasculineMasculine

HellenicHellenicCultureCulture

UnflutedUnfluted

ShaftsShafts

IonicIonic

FeminineFeminine

IonianIonian Fluted ShaftsFluted Shafts

Roman pillar : bluntRoman pillar : blunt

Greek pillar : sharpGreek pillar : sharp

In tro d u ctio n

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Temple of Athena, TheParthenon

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What is it?What is it? A temple of the Greek goddess Athena,A temple of the Greek goddess Athena,

whom the people of Athens consideredwhom the people of Athens consideredtheir protector.their protector.

Symbol of Ancient Greece and of Athenian.Symbol of Ancient Greece and of Athenian. Built in 447 BCE and was completed inBuilt in 447 BCE and was completed in

432 BCE.432 BCE.

Like most Greek temples, the ParthenonLike most Greek temples, the Parthenon

was used as a treasury storage.was used as a treasury storage.

The Parthenon was converted into aThe Parthenon was converted into aChristian church. After the OttomanChristian church. After the Ottoman

Turk conquest, it was turned into aTurk conquest, it was turned into amosque, now it is in restoration.mosque, now it is in restoration.

,emple of Athena TheParthenon

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Athens, GreeceAthens, Greece Diameter - 69.5 by 30.9 m (228 byDiameter - 69.5 by 30.9 m (228 by

101 ft)101 ft)

Collumns of 10.4 m X 1.9mCollumns of 10.4 m X 1.9m Architect by Iktinos, KallikratesArchitect by Iktinos, Kallikrates

Sculptor by PhidiasSculptor by Phidias

,emple of Athena TheParthenon

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Temple of OlympianZeus

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What is it?What is it? Dedicated to Zeus, king of theDedicated to Zeus, king of the

Olympian gods.Olympian gods.

House of the statue of ZeusHouse of the statue of Zeus Construction began in the 6thConstruction began in the 6th

century BCE not completed untilcentury BCE not completed until

the reign of the Roman Emperorthe reign of the Roman EmperorHadrian in the 2nd century CE.Hadrian in the 2nd century CE.

Being pillaged in a barbarian invasionBeing pillaged in a barbarian invasion

in the 3rd century CE.in the 3rd century CE.

e m p le o f O lym p ia n Z e u s

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Located at south-east of theLocated at south-east of theAcropolis and south of the center ofAcropolis and south of the center of

Athens.Athens.

Platform measuring 41 m by 108 mPlatform measuring 41 m by 108 m

feetfeet

Architect by Libon of ElisArchitect by Libon of Elis

Sculptor by PhidiasSculptor by Phidias

e m p le o f O lym p ia n Z e u s

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Temple of Apollo, Delphi

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What is it?What is it? Was named the "Temple ofWas named the "Temple of

Alcmeonidae" in tribute to theAlcmeonidae" in tribute to the

noble Athenian familynoble Athenian family Built around the 7th c. BCE.Built around the 7th c. BCE.

Architects by Trophonios andArchitects by Trophonios and

AgamedesAgamedes This temple was destroyed in 373This temple was destroyed in 373

BCE by an earthquake and wasBCE by an earthquake and was

rebuilt for the third time in 330rebuilt for the third time in 330

,e m p le o f A p o llo D e lp h i

reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

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Was the most famous Oracle in theWas the most famous Oracle in theancient world called Phythiaancient world called Phythia

If Croesus should cross the HalysIf Croesus should cross the Halys

river, a great empire would fallriver, a great empire would fall Located in south-western MountLocated in south-western Mount

Parnassus in the valley of Phocis.Parnassus in the valley of Phocis.

Trophonios and AgamedesTrophonios and Agamedes

Spintharos, Xenodoros, AgathonSpintharos, Xenodoros, Agathon

,e m p le o f A p o llo D e lp h i

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Temple of Poseidon,Sounio

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What is it?What is it? God of the seaGod of the sea

Important for a maritime country likeImportant for a maritime country like

Greece, Poseidon was consideredGreece, Poseidon was consideredsecond only to Zeussecond only to Zeus

Making animal sacrifice, or leavingMaking animal sacrifice, or leaving

gifts.gifts. At a height of almost 60 mAt a height of almost 60 m

reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

,emple of PoseidonSounio

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On the edge of the Aegean SeaOn the edge of the Aegean Sea Cape Sounion, located 69 km SouthCape Sounion, located 69 km South

East of AthensEast of Athens

Built by IktinosBuilt by Iktinos 700 BCE (Original) destroy in Greco700 BCE (Original) destroy in Greco

Persian WarPersian War

440 BC rebuilt by Pericles440 BC rebuilt by Pericles

reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

,emple of PoseidonSounio

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reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

Apollo

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reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

Athena

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reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

Zeus

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reek Civilizationncient Greek Architecture

Poseidon