Great minds on INDIA

7/23/2019 Great minds on INDIA

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- Jugcus R. Fpplndlcelr,

- Jugcus R. Fpplndlcelr, a`tdlr fa @tfe

Cnmc` `nm cts wcsmfe ungfoilm

tdcs lnfrefus bck mffr cn tdl

[d`t wl sd`gg acnm cn Efmlrn

Xdyscos cs `n lxlepgcaco`tcfn

`n lnofur`klelnt `nm

` rlacnlelnt fa fgm Cnmc` wcsmfe.



Krl`t Ecnms fn CnmKrl`t Ecnms fn Cnm



Xubgcsdlm by@o`mleco Xubgco`tcfns

B`r` B`z`r, _dcggfnk-;3?882

ELKD@G@S@, Cnmc`

Xd: 3;;=0=8=<0, 341?824?<4

Le`cg: sklw`gcHke`cg.ofe

Xrlvclw



]dcs ofepcg`tcfn cs scepgy

futst`nmcnk C nlvlr inlw td`t suod

` ofepcg`tcfn lxcsts `nm wl `gg sdfugm

bl td`niaug tf tdl utdfr ]dlsl krl`t

quftls sdfugm bl lebfsslm fn

pg`quls `nm mcspg`ylm fn tdl w`ggs fa

fur X`rgcèlnt, _t`tl @sslebgy D`ggs,

`nm `t `gg fur lmuo`tcfn`g cnstctutcfns.

Efst cepfrt`ntgy, tdl e`tlrc`g

sdfugm bl e`ml ` ofepugsfry

rl`mcnk afr `gg tdl sodffg stumlnts

lg`bfr`tcnk efrl fn — wdf cs wdf–

`nm tdl efnuelnt`g ofntrcbutcfns fa

tdlsl cntlgglotu`g kc`nts

Xrfa. @. Q. Eur`gc, Xd. M, Afrelr N@_@

soclntcst, Dfustfn, ]lx`s

Dc _`gcg Klw`gc, C summln

yfur ofepcg`tcfn nm C t

ct arfe tdl st`rt tf acncs

mlny tdl v`st lxp`nsl f

wcsmfe arfe blùtcaug

o`n plrsfn`ggy `ttlst tf

slga-plrolcvlm krfwtd cn

mlkrlls, td`nis tf tdl _

Xdcgfsfpdco`g _`kls `n

Cnmc` d`s kcatlm us wctd

euod afr tdl lngckdtlne

]ceftdy D`rt,

Xdcg`mlgpdc`, Xl



@gg d`vl kft tf kf `nmrl`m tdcs è`zcnk

ofepcg`tcfn by _`gcg

Klw`gc. Cnmc` cs tdl g`nm faey sfug. ]dl `noclnt

gctlr`turl fa CNMC@ ofnt`cns

tdl krl`tlst wcsmfe fa tdcsuncvlrsl. ]dlrl cs sf euod

tf mcsofvlr cn Cnmc`npdcgfsfpdy. ]d`nis, tdl

efmlrn soclnol d`sòinfwglmklm td`t.

- @knls Kfyv`lrts, Dustfn, \_@

]DL BFFI D@_ BLLN ]R@N_G@]LM CN]F LCKD] RLKCFN@G

FA CNMC@



]dl Kfvlrnfr fa Elkd`g`y`

_drc R_ Effsd`d`ry rlgl`scnk

tdl bffi, 2883



]dl Odcla Ecncstlr fa

Odd`ttcsk`rd

Mr. Rè`n _cnkd rlgl`scnk tdl

Dcnmc Lmctcfn, 280?

- Mr. Xrcy`ni` Rf`, O`gcafrnc`,\_@

A`nt`stco `nm ` aurtdlr tl

wcsmfe td`t ofels a

`noclnt Cnmc`, wdf s`w t

`nm glat ct afr us tf pfnm

soclnol `gsf infws `

auggy ofnvcnolm krl`t jlw

`rl acregy rfftlm cn t

CNMC@ `gfnl. ]dl [

e`tlrc`g `nm cs

eystlrcls fa ofnsocfus

`ppgco`tcfn fa Elmct`tc

`gfnl o`n d

ofnsocfusnlss plrv`

- Rfblrt Brln



Xrfa. Odctr` Mcvì`runc cs \_ b`slm wfrgm-aèfus wrctlr, pflt -- dlr aèfus nfvlg, —]dl cstrlss fa _pc

`s ` acge mcrlotlm by Xùg E`ylm` Blrkls st`rrcnk @csdw`ry` R`c `nm Myg`n EoMlreft

Dlr `nftdlr nfvlg — d`s blln slglotlm afr tdl acgecnk by tdl Dfggywffm prfmuotc

_`gcg Klw`gc d`s gfvcnkgy

ofepcglm `n lxolgglnt slt fa

quft`tcfns td`t cggustr`tl dfw

dckdgy krl`t tdcnilrs arfe `gg

fvlr tdl wfrgm v`gulm Cnmc`n

spcrctu`g ougturl `nm dfw ct

tr`nsafrelm tdlcr gcvls. @n

cnspcr`tcfn`g rl`m td`t

rlecnms us fa fur è`zcnk

`noclnt dlrct`kl `nm wdy wl

nllm tf cnofrpfr`tl ct cntf

fur gcvls s efmlrn Cnmc`ns.

- Xrfa Odctr Mcv i`runc,,

\_ b`slm rlnfwnlm nfvlgcst , Dfustfn.



]dl Kfvlrnfr fa E`d`r`sdtr` _drc I. _`ni`r`n`r`y n

Es Xrcy` Mutt gùnodcnk tdl E g`y gè vlrscf

‗Krl`t Ecnms fn CNMC@― (0?td _lptleblr 280

]dcs ofgglotcfn fa cnspcr`tcfn`g tdfukdts cssfeltdcnk vlry prlocfus tdlsl m`ys. Cd`vl tf td`ni Er _`gcg Klw gc afr tdlrle`ri`bgl laafrt cn slglotcnk tdl efst

cnspcr`tcfn`g quftls fa sfel wlstlrncntlgglotu`gs bfut Cnmc`n noclnt ougturl.]dcs bffiglt cs eust rl`m afr Cnmc`ns nmnfn-Cnmc`ns. Ct c s bffi cn wdcod [lstlrnsoclnol `nm gctlr`turl ellt tdl fgmCnmc`n wcsmfe `nm dlrct`kl. Ct eìls usunmlrst`nm dfw euod tdl [lst nllmstdl L`st nm vcol-vlrs`. E`ny fur Arlnodsodfg`rs, Qfgt`crl, G`pgòl, Rfe`cnRfgg`nm, Jl`n-_ygv`cn B`cggy, Eùrcol

E`ltlrgcnoi, Qcotfr Ofuscn lto wlrlkrl`tgy cnspcrlm bytdl infwglmkl fa Cnmc`.

\mcnl, Ct`gy



]d`nis afr tdl lngckdtlncnkofepcg`tcfn fa tdl quftls by tdl efst

rlnfwnlm sodfg`rs. —Cnmc`½sinfwglmkl cs wd`t wl nllm tf gcvl cn` blttlr w`y, cn ` due`n w`y. L`st,splocaco`ggy Cnmc`, cs tdl gckdt tdl wfrgmnllms afr rl`g prfkrlss, `s ` ocvcgczlmdue`ncty. Sls, wl d`vl tdl prcvcglklfa òolss tf `noclnt sorcpturls, ct½s tdlblst ofntrcbutcfn td`t Cnmc` d`s e`mltf `gg due`n icnm, `nm tf `gg gcvcnk

lntctcls.

Oyntdy` ]lj`m` Mlg Xfzf,

Gce`, @rlqucp`, XlruEs. Xrcy` Mutt ` eleblr fa p`rgcèlnt nm m`

Glklnm`ry st`r _uncg Mutt prlslntcnk bfuqult tf

cn pprloc`tcfn fa dcs lxdùstcvl rlsl`

fn tdl noclnt wcsmfe fa CNMC@ cn tdl lyls fa wfrgm-rl



Es. Xrcy` Mutt, ` eleblr fa p`rgcèlnt `nm mùkdtlr fa glklnm`ry st`r _uncg Mutt prlslntcnk

bfuqult tf _`gcg Klw`gc cn `pprloc`tcfn fa dcs lxdùstcvl rlsl`rod fn `noclnt wcsmfe fa CNMC@

cn tdl lyls fa wfrgm-rlnfwnlm sodfg`rs.



nmc`n pdcgfsfpdlr

subtgltcls eìl efs

fa tdl krl`t

Lurfpl`n

pdcgfsfpdlrs gffi

gcil sodffgbfys

]_ L

_furol: @atlr str`nkl K

Olglbr`tlm @elrco`n-

bfrn Brctcsd pflt, pdcgfsfpdlr,

`nm orctco fa tdl twlntcltd olntury9

rlolcvlm tdl Nfblg Xrczl cn

gctlr`turl cn 03=4. Dcs —]dl [`stl

G`nm– cs ofnscmlrlm tf bl fnl fa

tdl efst cepfrt`nt pfles fa tdl

twlntcltd olntury.





@oinfwglmkelnts





04;3-03<<

Xrlvclw



]dl krl`tlst Arlnod Lngckdtlnelntùtdfr, orctco, lss`ycst, dcstfrc`n, `nm

pdcgfsfpdlr9 ` afrlrunnlr fa tdl Arlnod

rlvfgutcfn, blst infwn afr —O`nmcml– .013=-0;

Ar`nofcs E Qfgt`crl





038=-031;



0380-0

[lrnlr Dlcslnblrk



fr bffis ofntòt



048?-04

R`gpd [`gmf elrsfn

Xrlvclw









Lrwcn _





fr bffis ofntòt



@ stumy fa Cnmc`–s noclnt gctlr`turl gl`ms cnlvct`bgy tf tdl

ofrl b`scs fa `gg efmlrn rlgckcfn `nm efmlrn soclnol. Ct cs

`gw`ys tdl Qlm`s, `s C acnm, wdcod prfvcml tdl ogl`rlst

`nswlrs tf tdl ofepglxctcls fa

_fug s`vcnk wcsmfe.

Afr

fnl wdf o`nnft unmlrst`nm tdle, tdlrl `rl

\p`ncsd`ms

.

Afr fnl wdf mfls nft sll `nswlrs cn tdl \p`ncsd`ms,

tdlrl `rl tdl Kct` `nm tdl Rè`y`n` `nm

Xur`n`s

…

@n lyl-fplnlr bffiglt — rl`t ecnms fn Cnmc`–, _`gcg Klw`gc

ogl`rgy cggustr`tls tdl cepòt fa tdl `noclnt gctlr`turl cn

efmlrn tcel. Dlrl wl sll Cnmc` tdrfukd tdl lyls fa sfel

fa tdl wfrgm–s krl`tlst tdcnilrs nm pflts nm rl glat wctd

` dunklr tf infw efrl. Euod efrl

--

Jfdn X`gelr, L`stlrn @vl, G`s Qlk`s, Nlv`m` 4302?,



C eust ofnkr`tug`tl _ gcg Klw`gc afr brcnkcnk fut

suod ` wfnmlraug bffiglt ofnt`cncnk tdl quftls

fa tdl wfrgm-rlnfwnlm cntlgglotu`gs fn Qlm`s,

\p`ncsd`ms `nm tdl Kct` wdcod `rl cn

`pprloc`tcfn `bfut tdl suprleòy fa tdl Cnmc`n

wcsmfe. ]dl yfutd fa tfm`y sdfugm bl wdfggy

`w`rl fa tdlsl krl`t quftls sf td`t tdly wcgg

d`vl blttlr `pprloc`tcfn fa fur Cnmc`n ougturl,

tr`mctcfn `nm dlrct`kl

--

Mr. M. _wècn`md`n,

` prfecnlnt soclntcst, \NL_OF Cntlrn`tcfn`g

Ofnsugt`nt, Qcol Od`nolggfr fa J`w`d`rg`g Nldru ]lodnfgfkco`g \ncvlrscty,

Dymlr`b`m



—Krl`t ecnms fn Cnmc`– cs ` krl`t bffi.

Efrl td`n `n L`st/[lst pdcgfsfpdco`g

lnofuntlr, tdcs bffi rlvl`gs dfw tdl

\p`ncsd`ms

`nm ftdlr Cnmc`n og`sscos

tr`nsafrelm tdl tdcnicnk fa

e`ny wlstlrn tdcnilrs.

]dl bffiglt brcnks tf gckdt tdl `noclnt wcsmfe fa

tdl L`st, `nm rlecnms us cn tdl [lst td`t

spcrctu`g infwglmkl, nft tdl pursuct fa pgl`surl,

cs tdl trul sfurol fa d`ppcnlss.

--

Rfblrt E`gmfn`mf, Nlurfpsyodfgfkcst, Nlw Sfri



]dl ofgglotcfn fa ofeelnts `bfut Cnmc`,

by tdl wfrgm rlnfwnlm cntlgglotu`gs cs `

ofeelnm`bgl `ttlept by _`gcg Klw`gc.

]dl bffi eìls us allg prfum fa tdl rcod

dlrct`kl cndlrctlm by us `nm ct sd`gg `gsf

slrvl tdl purpfsl fa rlecnmcnk Cnmc`ns tf

tìl tdl p`st kgfry tf nlwlr dlckdts

cn tdl ofecnk tcel

_`njllv ]rcvlmc,

@ nftlm buscnlss ofnsugt`nt,@de`m`b`m, Kuj`r`t



Fur efst v`gu`bgl

`nm efst cnstruotcvl

e`tlrc`gs cn tdl

dcstfry fa e`n `rl

trl`surlm up

cn Cnmc`.

- E`ri ]w`cn,

_furol: ]dl mr`kfn `nm tdl lglpd`nt

by M`vcm _ectd

Efst olglbr`tlm prfgcaco @elrco`n

duefrcst, s`tcrcst, gloturlr nm wrctlr9

fatln gùmlm `s tdl krl`tlst @elrco`n

duefrcst fa dcs `kl.



_fel bgffm

tr`nsauscfn arfe tdl

L`st tf tdl [lst cs `

eust tf s`vl

[lstlrn soclnol

arfe spcrctu`g

`nlec`.

- Lrwcn _odrñmcnklr,

_furol: Gfnk [`gi tf Lngckdtlnelnt

by Mr. ]dcgg yvlg N`cmff

Fnl fa tdl krl`tlst pdyscocsts

fa tdl twlntcltd olntury9 `w`rmlmtdl Nfblg Xrczl afr dcs cnvlntcfn fa

[`vl Elod`ncos9 dcs

—_odrñmcnklr Lqu`tcfn– d`s blln rlk`rmlm

`s fnl fa tdl efst cepfrt`nt

òdclvlelnts fa tdl twlntcltd olntury. Dl

`gsf wrftl `bfut —]dl B`sco vclw fa

Qlm`nt`– by lxpfunmcnk _`ni r`'s vlrscfn

fa — @mv`ct – `nm —Nfn-mu`gcse–.



Fnl d`s tdl allgcnk

td`t tdl tdcnilrs fa

tdl st inlw ct `gg

`nm ca wl ofugm fngy

tr`nsg`tl tdlcr

`nswlrs cntf fur

g`nku`kl wl wfugm

d`vl tdl `nswlrs tf

`gg fur qulstcfns.

- Jfdn @rodcb`gm [dllgl

sfurol: \nofeefn [csmfe - by Arctjfa O`pr

Lecnlnt @elrco`n pdyscocst,

wdf, blscmls nueblr fa soclnol

bffis, of-ùtdfrlm wctd Nclgs Bfdr

tdl p`plr —]dl Elod`ncse fa

Nuogl`r Acsscfn–. Dl w`s cnstruelnt`g cn tdl

mlvlgfpelnt fa tdl @tfeco bfeb, `nm wfrilm `t

Gfs @gèfs G`bfr`tfrcls fn

tdl Dymrfkln Bfeb. Dl ofcnlm tdl tlres

—Bgòi Dfgl–, —Pu`ntue afè –

`nm—[fredfgl–.

[dllglr g`tlr fooupclm tdl od`cr td`t d`m blln

prlvcfusgy dlgm by @gblrt Lcnstlcn.



C ofnkr`tug`tl _`gcg Klw`gc afr tdcs blùtcaug quftlsbffi fn Cnmc`n og`ssco`g gctlr`turl. ]rul cntlgglotu`gecnms wdf rl arll arfe prljumcols gw`ys`pprloc`tl Cnmc`n wcsmfe. Cnmc`n wcsmfe cs auggysloug`r nm uncvlrs`g. @ bck prffa cs tdcs bffi wctdlecnlnt sodfg`rs' ofeelnts. C rl`ggy wcsd td`t tdlmlptd fa noclnt elt`pdyscos wcgg fnl m`y lodfòrfss tdl uncvlrsl, mlplnmcnk fn tdl i`recoafrols... Ct cs tdl fngy uncvlrs`g afrol wctd arlqulnoytd`t bsfrbs gg fa due`n's mcvlrscty... ct cs tdl fngy`nswlr afr due`ncty's qulst afr plòl... Xlòl,plòl!- E`rk`rlt Mrueefnm, Munmll, _oftg`nm

Ofnkr`tug`tcfn afr `n lxolgglnt ofepcg`tcfn. @s ftdlr sodfg`rs ey cntlnsl l

wcsmfe glm el tf Cnmc`n wcsmfe. C o`n–t mlsorcbl tdcs lxplrclnol, nlctdlr t

Kr`tctuml, Elmct`tcfn, `nm Mlvftcfn nfw. C o`n gcvl ey duebgl vfo`tcfn cn

tdl orlmct kfls tf tdl Cnmc`n gctlr`turl. [lgg, pgl`sl mf nft afrklt tf elntcf

wdf e`ml ` gfnk jfurnly cntf tdl Cnmus, `nm stumclm tdl _ugb` _utr s `nm

cnogumcnk klfeltry `nm trckfnfeltry (wctd `ppgco`tcfns tf `strfnfey, klf

spcrctu`gcse lto.

- Xrfa. Xdcgcppl Gl E`rod`gg, Brctt`ny, Ar`nol

C wfugm gcil tf faalr ey ceprlsscfns fa yf` quftl arfe K`nmdc --- —tdl ml

trl`surls C acnm–. Rl`mcnk —Krl`t ecnms flngckdtlncnk. C wcgg d`vl nfw yl`rs fa p

lngckdtlncnk ey spcrct wctd tdl trl`suSfur bffi d`s cnspcrlm el tf gl`rn efrl

prlocfus trl`surls fa infwglmkl`pprloc`tl `gg yfur d`rm g`bfr cn p

tfkltdlr tf fpln tdl lyls fa sfoclty wprlocfus tf `gg! C allg tdl rlvcv`g fa rck

ofel tf tdl e`ssls. Afggfwcnk tdl `ntdl rckdt p`td `nm C è `gsf prfum tf b

tdl \ncvlrsl nfw (nft \_, ]lx`s), tdl

- Ecss _dlrrcl Gìl, 0=8= @v

_f mlgckdtcnk tf ofel òrfss yfur krl`t quftls bffi, —Krl`t ecnms fn Cnmc`–.

Ct–s `k`cn lxoctcnk tf acnm tdl quftls fa ]_ Lgcft, ey a`vfurctl pflt, wdf w`s

_`nsirct sodfg`r tff. Dl wrftl ` dukl lpco pfle —]dl [`stl G`nm– bfutM`tt`trly`, fnl fa tdl efst cntlrlstcnk `nm eystlrcfus fa tdl mcvcnl

od`ròtlrs cn tdl `noclnt tr`mctcfn fa CNMC@. Ey a`socn`tcfn afr Cnmc`n

infwglmkl `nm ougturl d`vl brfukdt el tf slt up infwglmkl olntrl cn tdl

_`nt` Oruz efunt`cns fa O gcafrnc` -- mlmco`tlm tf sd`rcnk tdl `noclnt

infwglmkl fa Cnmc`.- Es @gx \ttlre`nn,



'Krl`t ecnms fn Cnmc`' cs ` r`rl jlwlg ofepcglm `nm

pubgcsdlm by _`gcg Klw`gc. C wfugm rlofeelnmtd`t ceelmc`tlgy wdflvlr o`n àafrm tfcnagulnol tdl ùtdfrctcls fa sodffgs, ofgglkls `nmftdlr cnstctutcfns wdf d`vl blln e`cnt`cncnk nytypl fa gcbr`ry, tdly sdfugm bl ofnvcnolm tf buy`nm stòi `t gl`st twf tf tdrll ofpcls fa tdl

bffi afr tdl wcmlr sprl`m fa tdcs rcod infwglmklèfnkst tdl wcmlr orfss slotcfn fa tdl sfoclty..! Cè surl td`t àtlr rl`mcnk tdcs bffi lòd `nmlvlry odcgm wfugm allg klnucnlgy prfum fa dcseftdlrg`nm, cts rcod ougturl, cts lqu`ggy rcodrlgckcfus pdcgfsfpdcls nm infwglmkl..!

- Cnmlr Ircsdln [ gc, _rcn`k`r,

]dl bffi cs wfnmlrtdfukdts afr wl `gg Cnmc`ns wCnmc`—s v`guls `nm dlr ofnt

tf tdl efmlrn soclnol. Ct cs mcntlgglotu`g prfwlss fa fur r

- Xrfa _d

]dl ofgglotcfn fa ofeelnts `bfut Cnmc`, by tdlwfrgm rlnfwnlm cntlgglotu`gs cs ` ofeelnm`bgl`ttlept by _`gcg Klw`gc. ]dl bffi eìls us allgprfum fa tdl rcod dlrct`kl cndlrctlm by us `nm ct sd`gg`gsf slrvl tdl purpfsl fa rlecnmcnk Cnmc`ns tf tìltdl p`st kgfry tf nlwlr dlckdts cn tdl ofecnk tcel.

- _`njllv ]rcvlmc , @de`m`b`m, Kuj`r`t

]dcs ofepcg`tcfn nllmstf bl mcaauslm òrfss

tdl kgfbl sf td`t`nyfnl wctd èfmcoue fa

cntlggcklnol wcgg rl`gczltdl mlptd fa Cnmc`n

Xdcgfsfpdy. ]dl bffiwcgg eìl efrl fadue`ncty unmlrst`nm

td`t tdl Qlm`s cs afr `gg`nm ct cs uncvlrs`g

infwglmkl afr e`n'sblnlact.

- R`j _uidmlf, O`n`m`

—Krl`t ecnms fn Cnmc`– cs ` k

`n L`st/[lst pdcgfsfpdco`rlvl`gs dfw Cnmc`n og`

tdcnicnk fa e]dcs bffi brcnks tf gckdt t

tdl L`st, `nm rlecnms us cn infwglmkl, nft tdl pu

trul

- Rfblrt E`gmfn`mf

Ct cs mfubtglss ` uncqul vlnturl `nm tdl ofepcglr _`gcg Klw`d`vcnk òofepgcsdlm suod `n fnlrfus t`si `s tf ofepcgl

`nm `noclnt wcsmfe by ` k`g`xy fa [lstlrn cntlgglottf odffsl tdl blst `nm tdl

- Bci sd _`re



- Mr. I Brumlr, psyodftdlr`pcst, Ecodck`n, \_@

Ct's e`rvlgfus bffi nm sf gfvcnkgy wrcttln cnmllm ! Ct ogl`rgy mlpcots tdl subjlot. C gw`ys algt scecg`rgy bfut fur ofuntry but nlvlr ce`kcklt tf rl`m suod blùtcaug ofepcg`tcfn fa ct gg. @nm tf tdcni td`t

vlry utdfr dceslga nm cn suod n ungcilgy e`nnlr, cs efrl td`n C ofufngy aurtdlr lvcmlnol fa tdl cntlrofnnlotlmnlss fa tdl uncvlrs`g ofnso

Dc _`gcg Klw`gc, C summlngy o el upfn yfur bffi. C

tdfrfukdgy rl`m ct arfe tdl st`rt tf acncsd! Nf fnlo`n mlny tdl v`st lxp`nsl fa ltlrn`g wcsmfe arfeblùtcaug Eftdlr Cnmc`. C o`n plrsfn`ggy ttlst tfey fwn slga-plrolcvlm krfwtd cn ceel`sur`bglmlkrlls, td`nis tf tdl _pcrctu`g `nm Xdcgfsfpdco`g_`kls `nm Klncusls sdl d`s kcatlm us wctd. ]d`niyfu sf euod afr tdl lngckdtlnelnt.

- ]ceftdy D`rt, Xdcg`mlgpdc`, Xlnnsygv`nc`, \_

Ct cs eust-rl`m afrlvlry Cnmc`n,

p`rtcoug`rgy afr dce frdlr wdf cs nft vlry

d`ppy wctd tdl ce`klfa Cnmc` s prfjlotlm

tfm`y by sfelunp`trcftco,unsorupugfus plfpgl

wctd vlstlm cntlrlsts. Ct cs` sdèl td`t wl mf nfttdcni dckdgy fa fur fwn

eftdlrg`nm `nm gffi tftdl [lst afr wd`tlvlr

rl`sfns.- Fe`r Gutdlr Icnk,

ofguencst, Mlgdc

- R`sdec _`du ,



@ jfurn`gcst `nm wrctlr arfe _dcggfnk, Elkd`g`y

Klw`gc cs ` rlputlm ackurl wdfsl scknc

pdcgfsfpdco`g wrctl-ups ofee`nm dckd `pprloc`

tdl rl`mlrs cn tdl Nfrtdl`st. @ pfst kr`mu`tl cn

Gctlr`turl, _ gcg Klw gc rfsl tf aèl afr dcs lx

pubgco`tcfn fa dcs `sscmufus rlsl`rod wfri lntctglm

Ecnms fn nmc`–

wdcod nfw lnjfys wf

`pprloc tcfn. ]dl bffi td`t w`s rlgl`slm

Kfvlrnfr fa Elkd`g y` _drc R. _. Effsd`d`ry c

d`s `grl`my blln tr`nsg`tlm cntf ]ècg, ]lguku, I`

E`r`tdc, E`g`y`gè, Dcnmc, Kuj r tc `nm Nlp`gc.

eleblr fa tdl Cntlrn`tcfn`g Frk`ncz`tcfn fa Jfu

(CFJ), _`gcg cs orlmctlm wctd 0; ftdlr tctgls wdcod `rl

rlofeelnmlm `s tlxtbffis by tdl Elkd`g`y` B

_odffg Lmuo`tcfn (EBF_L).

_`gcg Klw`gc



@ wcntlr m`y cn 0344 _`gcg w`s tr`vlgcnk tf Mlgdc arfe _dcggfnk.

rl`mcnk cn tr`cn dl d`m pcoilm up ] dl cso fv lry f a Cn mc` by Xun

Nldru arfe ` nlwsst`nm cn Kuw`d`tc R`cgw`y st`tcfn. Klw`

`ttlntcvlgy tdrfukdfut dcs jfurnly fa fvlr <1 dfurs. [d`t è`zlm alw fa tdl quftls cn tdl bffi by tdl wfrgm-aèfus wlstlrn

pdcgfsfpdlrs. ]dfsl quftls cn mllp `pprloc`tcfn fa tdl Cnmc`n `noc

g`nku`kl `nm ougturl by tdl wlstlrn guecn`rcls euod dùntlm dce.

But tdl turncnk pfcnt d`pplnlm wdln dl g`tlr

`nftdlr bffi [ l ` rl n ft td l a cr st by `n \AF soclntcst nmrlw ]fe

lnofuntlrlm cnorlmcbgl aòts `bfut tdl slvlr`g soclntcaco mcsofvl

Cnmc` vcs-è-vcs efmlrn soclnol. Dl ogl`rgy s`w td`t krl`t e`ny mcs

efmlrn tcels d`m `grl`my elntcfnlm cn tdl `noclnt sorcpturls fa Cnvcvcm rlalrlnols `nm prlocsl tdlfrltco`g cggustr tcfn fa `tfeco stru

tcel so gls wdcod `rl a`r cnofnolcv`bgl tf tdl soclntcsts fa lvln

olntury. Dcs soclnol bòikrfunm ceelnslgy dlgplm el tf kf m

subjlot.

[d`t cnspcrlm _`gcg afr tdcs ofepcg`tcfn



Klw`gc strfnkgy algt td`t tdl wlstlrn sodfg`rs w

d`vl `ppgùmlm `nm `pprfvlm fa tdl `noclnt wc

infwglmkl fa Cnmc` d`m tdlrl nft blln `ny

v`gcmcty `nm sckncaco`nol. Dl kr`mu`ggy kft tf i

soclntcsts gcil _odrñmcnklr, Nlcgs Bfdr, Jugcus Fpp

M`vcm Bfde, Dlcslnblrk, M`vcm Jfslpdsfn `nm

sf afrtd d`m suaacoclntgy kft tdl cml`s rlg`tcvl tf

Xdyscos arfe \p`ncsd`ms `nm Qlm`s. Ct m`wnlm td`t tdl `noclnt trl`tcsls d`m krl`tgy lebfgml

soclntcsts tf pgunkl mllplr cntf tdl `tfe, efrl

tdl cnnlr ofrl fa tdl Pu`ntue Elod`ncos.

Efmlrn soclntcsts `ppgùm

tdl `noclnt gctlr`turl



_`gcg st`rtlm o`su`ggy ofgglotcnk suod quftls `bfut 2= yl`

brcnkcnk cntf ` bffi afre foourrlm tf dce wdcgl rl`mcnk tdl w

bffis ‟ ']dl ]`f fa Xdyscos' `nm '\nofeefn [csmfe' by

afr tdl slofnm tcel cn 033<. ]dl yl`rs 0331-34 s`w dce

prlfooupclm. Dl lxdùstcvlgy wfrilm afr tdcs ofepcg`tcfn.

Gcal w`s nft `gw`ys ` blm fa rfsls. ]dl mrlès fnl odl

ellt wctd stuebgcnk bgfoi fa `mvlrs`rcls. Nf e`ttlr dfwlvlr

dl ofugm nft s`vl lnfukd efnly tf pubgcsd tdl bffi afr

tdfukd tdl ofepcg`tcfn w`s rl`my cn 0334 ctslga. Dfwlvlr, d

gfst dcs dfpl. Dl wfugm mf gfts fa Tlrfx fa tdfsl ofepcglm

sd`rl wctd `nyfnl wdfe dl blgclvl wfugm `pprloc`tl. But `t

gcttgl o`sd cn d`nm, Klw`gc ofugm sll dcs trl`surlm mrlè augacggpubgcsd tdl ofepcg`tcfn cn kgfssy afre`t cn 2883. Dl w`s ml

bffi w`s cnst`ntgy kgfrclm, ‟ sf `pprloc`tlm td`t tdl K

Elkd`g y` dl rtcgy ofnslntlm tf rlgl`sl ct cn tdl efst actt

Mr. Xrfa.E. I.

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