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Nat
iona
l Res
ourc
es
Inve
ntor
y G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n
Han
dboo
k of
Inst
ruct
ions
Uni
ted
Stat
es D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es C
onse
rvat
ion
Serv
ice
Janu
ary
2019
Nat
iona
l Res
ourc
es In
vent
ory
Han
dboo
k of
Inst
ruct
ions
fo
r G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n
Tab
le o
f Con
tent
s
Cha
pter
1
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-Si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
- Int
rodu
ctio
n C
hapt
er 2
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n C
hapt
er 3
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out
Cha
pter
4
Dat
a G
athe
rers
Cha
pter
5
Ow
ners
hip
Cha
pter
6
Land
Cov
er/U
se
Cha
pter
7
Land
scap
e an
d So
ils
Cha
pter
8
Ecol
ogic
al S
ite/F
orag
e Su
itabi
lity
Tran
sect
Info
rmat
ion
and
Use
Cha
pter
9
Line
Poi
nt In
terc
ept T
rans
ect f
or F
olia
r Cov
er C
ompo
sitio
n C
hapt
er 1
0 G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps
Cha
pter
11
Soil
Stab
ility
Tes
t C
hapt
er 1
2 Pl
ant H
eigh
t C
hapt
er 1
3 D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
k (D
WR
) Met
hod
(Opt
iona
l) C
hapt
er 1
4 Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y)
Cha
pter
15
Stan
ding
Bio
mas
s (Pa
stur
elan
d on
ly)
Cha
pter
16
Plan
t Cen
sus
Cha
pter
17
Res
ourc
e C
once
rns
Cha
pter
18
Con
serv
atio
n Pr
actic
es
Cha
pter
19
Dis
turb
ance
Indi
cato
rs
Cha
pter
20
Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(Ran
gela
nd o
nly)
Cha
pter
21
Past
ure
Con
ditio
n Sc
ore
(Pas
ture
onl
y)
Cha
pter
22
Sage
brus
h Sh
ape
(Ran
gela
nd O
nly)
N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n - I
ntro
duct
ion
| 1-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n -
Intr
oduc
tion
1.1
Ove
rvie
w
The
Nat
iona
l Res
ourc
es In
vent
ory
(NR
I) G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n be
gan
in 2
003
on
non-
Fede
ral r
ange
land
s and
con
tinue
s to
be a
vita
l com
pone
nt o
f the
con
tinuo
us in
vent
ory
proc
ess.
Follo
win
g se
vera
l yea
rs o
f pilo
t stu
dies
on
non-
Fede
ral p
astu
rela
nd, N
RI b
egan
co
nduc
ting
on-s
ite d
ata
colle
ctio
n on
bot
h ra
ngel
and
and
past
urel
and
in 2
013.
Mos
t dat
a co
llect
ion
prot
ocol
s use
the
sam
e te
chni
ques
for r
ange
land
and
pas
ture
land
.
The
NR
I on-
site
fram
ewor
k ha
s bee
n ex
tend
ed to
land
s man
aged
by
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f Int
erio
r B
urea
u of
Lan
d M
anag
emen
t (B
LM) b
egin
ning
in 2
011.
BLM
has
par
tner
ed w
ith N
RC
S in
im
plem
entin
g a
natio
nal a
ppro
ach
to m
onito
ring
rang
elan
d re
sour
ces b
y ex
pand
ing
NR
I on-
site
da
ta c
olle
ctio
n to
BLM
man
aged
land
s. N
RC
S le
ader
ship
on
graz
ing
land
s will
be
enha
nced
th
roug
h th
is a
dopt
ion
of N
RI p
roto
cols
on
BLM
man
aged
land
scap
es.
The
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-Si
te D
ata
Colle
ctio
n is
con
duct
ed c
oope
rativ
ely
with
the
Iow
a St
ate
Uni
vers
ity C
ente
r for
Sur
vey
Stat
istic
s and
Met
hodo
logy
(CSS
M).
The
NR
I is a
stat
istic
ally
ba
sed
sam
ple
of la
nd u
se, n
atur
al re
sour
ce c
ondi
tions
and
tren
ds o
n U
.S. n
on-F
eder
al la
nds.
It is
th
e m
ost c
ompr
ehen
sive
dat
abas
e of
its k
ind
ever
atte
mpt
ed a
nyw
here
in th
e w
orld
.
The
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es C
onse
rvat
ion
Serv
ice
(NR
CS)
is m
anda
ted
(thro
ugh
the
Rur
al
Dev
elop
men
t Act
of 1
972,
the
Soil
and
Wat
er R
esou
rces
Con
serv
atio
n A
ct o
f 197
7, a
nd o
ther
su
ppor
ting
legi
slat
ion)
to a
sses
s the
stat
us, c
ondi
tion,
and
tren
ds o
f soi
l, w
ater
, and
rela
ted
reso
urce
s on
the
Nat
ion’
s non
-Fed
eral
land
s. R
esou
rces
inve
ntor
y le
gisl
ativ
e au
thor
ities
, NR
CS
polic
y, a
nd re
spon
sibi
litie
s for
con
duct
ing
the
NR
I are
con
tain
ed in
NR
CS
Gen
eral
Man
ual 2
90,
Part
400.
The
NR
I pro
gram
serv
es a
s the
Fed
eral
Gov
ernm
ent’s
prin
cipl
e so
urce
of i
nfor
mat
ion
on n
atur
al
reso
urce
s in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es. T
he N
RI p
rovi
des a
nat
iona
lly c
onsi
sten
t dat
abas
e th
at a
llow
s for
re
sour
ces a
sses
smen
t. A
naly
ses o
f the
NR
I dat
abas
e ar
e us
eful
for p
ublic
pol
icy
cons
ider
atio
ns
beca
use
the
data
base
:
• ha
s a h
igh
degr
ee o
f rel
iabi
lity,
•
look
s at t
he n
atur
al re
sour
ces o
ver a
per
iod
of ti
me,
and
•
perm
its a
naly
ses a
t nat
iona
l, re
gion
al, a
nd su
b-re
gion
al le
vels
.
1.2
Back
grou
nd -
NR
I On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
ogra
m
The
NR
I pla
ys a
key
role
in d
evel
opm
ent o
f con
serv
atio
n po
licy
and
prog
ram
s for
the
Nat
ion.
It
serv
es to
edu
cate
the
publ
ic re
gard
ing
natu
ral r
esou
rce
issu
es a
nd p
rovi
des a
com
preh
ensi
ve,
natio
nally
con
sist
ent s
ourc
e of
dat
a fo
r res
earc
hers
in m
any
field
s. In
form
ed a
nd v
alid
dec
isio
ns
are
best
mad
e w
hen
base
d up
on sc
ient
ifica
lly d
eriv
ed d
ata.
The
NR
I has
bee
n de
velo
ped
to
supp
ly th
is ty
pe o
f inf
orm
atio
n. T
he N
RI d
atab
ase
is p
ower
ful,
cred
ible
, and
scie
ntifi
cally
de
sign
ed. N
RI g
razi
ng la
nd o
n-si
te d
ata
gath
erin
g ha
s int
rodu
ced
new
pro
toco
ls to
the
NR
I. Ty
pes o
f dat
a co
llect
ed a
bout
gra
zing
land
incl
ude:
N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n - I
ntro
duct
ion
| 1-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• La
nd c
over
/use
•
Land
scap
e an
d so
ils
• Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
s •
Past
urel
and
cond
ition
/Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
•
Plan
t Cen
sus
• D
istu
rban
ce in
dica
tors
•
Con
serv
atio
n pr
actic
es a
nd re
sour
ce c
once
rns
• Pl
ant c
ompo
sitio
n an
d pa
ttern
s •
Bio
mas
s/pr
oduc
tion,
cov
er, d
ensi
ty, a
nd h
eigh
t
1.3
Tre
ndin
g an
d M
onito
ring
- In
tegr
ity o
f the
NR
I In
201
2 N
RI b
egan
col
lect
ing
data
for r
ange
land
segm
ents
pre
viou
sly
inve
ntor
ied
to fu
rther
st
reng
then
the
data
base
and
supp
ort t
he c
ontin
uous
inve
ntor
y pr
oces
s. C
olle
cted
dat
a w
ill b
e us
ed
to a
ddre
ss g
razi
ng la
nds p
rogr
amm
atic
issu
es h
avin
g to
do
with
wat
er q
ualit
y an
d ca
rbon
se
ques
tratio
n. O
n-si
te d
ata
will
be
used
to e
valu
ate
trend
s in
natu
ral r
esou
rces
ove
r tim
e.
1.4
Surv
ey O
verv
iew
In
vent
ory
met
hodo
logy
is e
volv
ing
as p
art o
f an
ongo
ing
effo
rt to
bet
ter a
sses
s soi
l con
serv
atio
n,
natu
ral r
esou
rce
heal
th, a
nd o
ther
env
ironm
enta
l iss
ues.
The
cont
inuo
us in
vent
ory,
with
som
e da
ta c
olle
cted
eve
ry y
ear,
mak
es th
e N
RI a
flex
ible
inst
rum
ent f
or m
onito
ring
the
stat
us o
f nat
ural
re
sour
ces o
n a
cont
inuo
us b
asis
. The
pur
pose
of t
he C
ontin
uous
Res
ourc
e In
vent
ory
Proc
ess i
s to
prov
ide
up-to
-dat
e an
d re
leva
nt d
ata.
Cur
rent
initi
ativ
es o
f the
Con
tinuo
us R
esou
rce
Inve
ntor
y Pr
oces
s inc
lude
:
• C
olle
ctin
g da
ta u
sing
pho
to in
terp
reta
tion
for a
n an
nual
ly o
bser
ved
core
sam
ple
(42,
000
segm
ents
) and
a ro
tatin
g sa
mpl
e (3
1,00
0 se
gmen
ts) e
ach
year
. •
Col
lect
ing
data
usi
ng o
nsite
pro
toco
ls fo
r a sa
mpl
e of
app
roxi
mat
ely
3400
segm
ents
an
nual
ly.
• In
corp
orat
ing
new
reso
urce
ass
essm
ent t
ools
util
izin
g di
gita
l mat
eria
ls a
nd fu
rther
de
velo
ping
geo
spat
ial i
nven
tory
tech
niqu
es, m
onito
ring
tool
s, an
d da
ta c
olle
ctio
n pr
oced
ures
.
1.5
Gra
zing
Lan
d Sa
mpl
e D
ata
Col
lect
ion
Gra
zing
land
dat
a ar
e co
llect
ed fo
r up
to 2
poi
nts f
or e
ach
sam
ple
segm
ent.
For t
he ra
nge
or
past
ure
sam
ples
, gra
zing
land
dat
a ar
e co
llect
ed a
t poi
nts 1
and
2 w
hene
ver t
he L
and
Cov
er/U
se
(LC
U) i
s cla
ssifi
ed a
s gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
de
fined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
=22
01 S
crub
Shr
ub d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
) and
land
ow
ners
hip
is c
lass
ified
as n
on-F
eder
al (o
wne
rshi
p co
de N
F-N
on-
Fede
ral).
For
the
BLM
sam
ple,
gra
zing
land
dat
a ar
e co
llect
ed a
t poi
nts 1
and
2 w
hene
ver t
he
LCU
is c
lass
ified
as g
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
) or
scru
b sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) a
nd la
nd o
wne
rshi
p is
Fe
dera
l - B
LM m
anag
ed (o
wne
rshi
p co
de B
LM-F
eder
al B
LM m
anag
ed).
If ei
ther
poi
nt 1
or 2
do
es n
ot m
eet t
hese
crit
eria
, the
n gr
azin
g la
nd d
ata
are
colle
cted
from
poi
nt 3
whe
n th
e LC
U a
nd
owne
rshi
p co
nditi
ons f
or th
e sa
mpl
e ty
pe a
re m
et.
Spec
ific
met
hodo
logy
for i
dent
ifyin
g, d
ocum
entin
g, m
easu
ring,
and
reco
rdin
g gr
azin
g la
nd
reso
urce
con
ditio
ns is
pre
sent
ed in
cha
pter
s 4 to
22
of th
ese
inst
ruct
ions
.
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n | 2
-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
G
uide
lines
for
Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-Si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
2.1
Dat
a Q
ualit
y Q
ualit
y as
sura
nce
is a
n in
tegr
al p
art o
f the
NR
I pro
cess
. Qua
lity
is th
e fir
st re
spon
sibi
lity
of e
ach
stat
e re
sour
ce in
vent
ory
coor
dina
tor,
stat
e gr
assl
and/
rang
e m
anag
emen
t spe
cial
ist,
and
data
ga
ther
er. S
tate
NR
I lea
ders
and
stat
e gr
assla
nd/ra
nge
man
agem
ent s
peci
alis
ts m
ust d
evel
op a
nd
impl
emen
t a p
lan
for o
n-si
te d
ata
colle
ctio
n to
trac
k pr
ogre
ss a
nd p
rovi
de su
ppor
t to
data
ga
ther
ers.
All
pers
onne
l inv
olve
d w
ith th
e N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n ar
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r pr
omot
ing
the
scie
ntifi
c in
tegr
ity a
nd e
nsur
ing
the
qual
ity o
f gra
zing
land
on-
site
dat
a. A
ll da
ta
gath
erer
s mus
t tho
roug
hly
and
cons
iste
ntly
follo
w p
roto
cols
est
ablis
hed
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
hese
pr
otoc
ols a
re e
stab
lishe
d an
d de
scrib
ed in
this
NR
I Han
dboo
k of
Inst
ruct
ions
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n.
Key
com
pone
nts o
f the
qua
lity
assu
ranc
e pr
oces
s inc
lude
:
• W
orkl
oad
plan
ning
•
Trai
ning
and
Cal
ibra
tion
• U
sing
the
Com
pute
r Ass
iste
d Su
rvey
Inst
rum
ent (
CA
SI) d
ata
gath
erin
g so
ftwar
e •
Ass
urin
g th
at a
ll da
ta g
athe
rers
hav
e da
ta c
olle
ctio
n in
stru
ctio
ns a
nd k
now
how
to g
et
assi
stan
ce w
hen
need
ed w
ith in
terp
reta
tion
of in
stru
ctio
ns
• M
aint
aini
ng a
n op
en c
omm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
k be
twee
n le
ader
s and
dat
a ga
ther
ers a
nd th
e N
RI s
uppo
rt st
ruct
ure
incl
udin
g th
e N
RI H
elp
Des
k •
Spot
che
ckin
g da
ta g
athe
rer’
s wor
k th
roug
hout
dat
a co
llect
ion
2.2
Con
fiden
tialit
y Th
e N
atio
nal R
esou
rces
Inve
ntor
y pr
ogra
m is
bas
ed u
pon
scie
ntifi
c an
d rig
orou
s sam
ple
surv
ey
prot
ocol
s. Th
ese
prot
ocol
s inc
lude
mai
ntai
ning
and
pro
tect
ing
the
inte
grity
and
con
fiden
tialit
y of
th
e da
ta g
athe
ring
site
s. U
SDA
and
NR
CS
polic
y st
ates
that
: The
geo
grap
hic
loca
tions
of d
ata
gath
erin
g si
tes u
sed
for U
SDA
’s N
atio
nal R
esou
rces
Inve
ntor
y ar
e no
t pub
lic in
form
atio
n an
d ar
e to
be
used
onl
y fo
r pur
pose
s of o
ffic
ial N
RI d
ata
gath
erin
g ac
tiviti
es o
r for
such
pur
pose
s ap
prov
ed b
y th
e Se
cret
ary.
All
NR
I lea
ders
, ran
ge le
ader
s, an
d da
ta g
athe
rers
(NRC
S an
d co
ntra
ct) a
re re
quire
d to
sign
a
Con
fiden
tialit
y St
atem
ent p
rior t
o st
artin
g da
ta c
olle
ctio
n. N
RI d
ata
that
iden
tify
owne
rs,
oper
ator
s, da
ta c
olle
ctio
n sit
es, o
r unr
elea
sed
data
are
not
to b
e re
leas
ed to
the
publ
ic.
2.3
Acc
ess t
o Pr
ivat
e L
ands
to G
athe
r G
razi
ng L
and
Dat
a N
RC
S po
licy
and
a pa
rt of
our
agr
eem
ent w
ith C
onse
rvat
ion
Dis
trict
s req
uire
obt
aini
ng
land
owne
r/ope
rato
r per
mis
sion
bef
ore
goin
g on
priv
ate
prop
erty
. Acc
ess t
o pr
ivat
e la
nds i
s an
issu
e in
man
y ar
eas.
Stat
e N
RI a
nd ra
nge
lead
ers a
re to
wor
k w
ith lo
cal o
n-si
te o
ffic
e pe
rson
nel t
o ob
tain
ow
ners
hip
info
rmat
ion
for s
ampl
e si
tes a
nd to
est
ablis
h pr
oced
ures
for o
btai
ning
pe
rmis
sion
to v
isit
sam
ple
site
s to
colle
ct g
razi
ng la
nd d
ata.
The
doc
umen
ts in
App
endi
x C
wer
e de
velo
ped
to a
id in
obt
aini
ng a
nd d
ocum
entin
g la
ndow
ner p
erm
issi
on fo
r dat
a co
llect
ion.
The
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n | 2
-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
follo
win
g do
cum
ents
are
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e N
RI H
elp
Des
k an
d m
ay b
e m
odifi
ed to
add
ress
loca
l co
nditi
ons a
nd c
usto
ms:
• La
ndow
ner C
onta
ct G
uide
•
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-Si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
Acc
ess R
ecor
d
• Sa
mpl
e le
tter t
o La
ndow
ner/O
pera
tor/L
and
Use
r and
FA
Qs
Whi
le c
olle
ctin
g gr
azin
g la
nd d
ata
on p
rivat
e la
nds,
data
gat
here
rs a
re to
:
• W
ork
with
loca
l on-
site
off
ice
pers
onne
l to
assu
re p
erm
issi
on is
gra
nted
bef
ore
goin
g on
pr
ivat
e la
nd to
col
lect
dat
a.
• Sh
ow p
rope
r con
duct
rega
rdin
g ac
cess
to p
rivat
e pr
oper
ty.
• Ta
ke sp
ecia
l car
e to
not
disr
upt s
oils
, veg
etat
ion,
and
ani
mal
s. •
Min
imiz
e ac
tiviti
es th
at c
ould
lead
to sp
ecia
l tre
atm
ent o
f a si
te re
sulti
ng fr
om
owne
rs/o
pera
tors
kno
win
g th
at th
e sit
e is
par
t of a
n in
vent
ory.
2.4
Tra
inin
g Ev
ery
graz
ing
land
s ons
ite d
ata
colle
ctio
n m
ust b
e co
nduc
ted
by a
n au
thor
ized
tech
nica
l lea
der,
acco
mpa
nied
by
one
or m
ore
crew
mem
bers
. Eac
h of
the
colle
ctor
s mus
t be
auth
oriz
ed a
nnua
lly
befo
re c
olle
ctin
g da
ta. A
utho
rizat
ion
is b
ased
on
the
com
bina
tion
of tr
aini
ng a
nd e
xper
ienc
e as
in
dica
ted.
2.4.
1 C
rew
Mem
bers
A
cre
w m
embe
r for
a g
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
col
lect
ion
mus
t atte
nd o
ne o
f the
follo
win
g th
e sa
me
year
as t
he c
olle
ctio
n:
• G
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
trai
ning
con
duct
ed b
y th
e N
atio
nal E
mpl
oyee
Dev
elop
men
t Cen
ter
(NED
C)
• G
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
trai
ning
con
duct
ed lo
cally
by
a na
tiona
l gra
zing
land
s tra
iner
•
Gra
zing
land
s ons
ite tr
aini
ng c
ondu
cted
by
an a
utho
rized
tech
nica
l lea
der
The
curr
ent y
ear t
rain
ing
may
be
wai
ved
if th
e cr
ew m
embe
r was
als
o a
crew
mem
ber t
he
prev
ious
yea
r and
con
duct
ed d
ata
colle
ctio
ns a
t fiv
e or
mor
e po
ints
.
2.4.
2 T
echn
ical
Lea
der
The
tech
nica
l lea
der f
or a
ny g
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
col
lect
ion
mus
t:
• H
ave
been
pre
viou
sly
qual
ified
as a
cre
w m
embe
r and
act
ed a
s a c
rew
mem
ber f
or d
ata
colle
ctio
ns a
t fiv
e or
mor
e po
ints
, led
by
an a
utho
rized
tech
nica
l lea
der.
• H
ave
atte
nded
the
NED
C g
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
trai
ning
for t
he y
ear c
ondu
ctin
g co
llect
ion
as a
tech
nica
l lea
der.
The
curr
ent y
ear t
rain
ing
may
be
wai
ved
if th
e te
chni
cal l
eade
r was
als
o a
tech
nica
l lea
der t
he
prev
ious
yea
r and
act
ed a
s tec
hnic
al le
ader
for d
ata
colle
ctio
ns a
t fiv
e or
mor
e po
ints
.
2.4.
3 T
rain
ing
Rec
ords
Th
e St
ate
reso
urce
inve
ntor
y co
ordi
nato
r or e
quiv
alen
t lea
der o
f the
Sta
te o
nsite
col
lect
ions
mus
t m
aint
ain
train
ing
and
colle
ctio
n ex
perie
nce
reco
rds f
or a
ll N
RI g
razi
ng la
nds o
nsite
col
lect
ion
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n | 2
-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
pers
onne
l. Th
ose
train
ing
reco
rds w
ill b
e au
dite
d pe
riodi
cally
by
the
NR
I Pro
gram
ons
ite
colle
ctio
n na
tiona
l lea
der a
nd a
lso
used
ann
ually
to p
lan
for t
he N
EDC
nat
iona
l tra
inin
g.
2.5
Gra
zing
land
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n M
ater
ials
D
ata
colle
ctio
n w
ill b
e do
ne b
y te
ams o
f at l
east
two
gath
erer
s who
will
go
onsi
te to
obs
erve
, m
easu
re, a
nd re
cord
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
sam
ple
poin
t and
the
surr
ound
ing
area
. The
follo
win
g to
ols,
equi
pmen
t, an
d re
fere
nces
are
requ
ired
for e
ach
data
gat
herin
g te
am to
col
lect
NR
I gra
zing
la
nd d
ata:
Too
ls a
nd e
quip
men
t:
Fiel
d PC
with
cur
rent
ver
sion
of th
e N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
surv
ey so
ftwar
e in
stal
led
(See
NR
I G
razi
ng L
and
web
site
for m
ore
info
rmat
ion
on fi
eld
PCs a
nd th
e N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
surv
ey
softw
are:
http
s://g
razi
ngla
nd.c
ssm
.iast
ate.
edu)
.
• Pe
n, p
enci
l, an
d cl
ipbo
ard
for a
writ
ing
surf
ace
• C
amer
a fo
r mac
ro p
lot s
hots
•
Dry
-era
se b
oard
or b
lack
boar
d &
mar
kers
or c
halk
to u
se to
iden
tify
mac
ropl
ot in
pho
tos
• St
eel p
ins,
two
150-
foot
tape
s with
0.1
- fo
ot g
rada
tions
, and
a c
ompa
ss to
mar
k an
d or
ient
the
two
trans
ects
, NW
-SE
and
NE-
SW.
• C
linom
eter
(or A
bney
leve
l) fo
r slo
pe re
adin
g •
Com
pass
for s
lope
asp
ect o
rient
atio
n •
Soil
auge
r or s
harp
shoo
ter s
hove
l for
con
firm
ing
the
soil
map
uni
t com
pone
nt a
t m
acro
plot
poi
nt.
• W
ire fl
ag fo
r doi
ng th
e po
int i
nter
cept
met
hod
• Pa
stur
e st
ick,
surv
ey ro
d, o
r clin
omet
er fo
r hei
ght m
easu
rem
ents
• Q
uadr
at fr
ames
(1.9
2, 4
.8 o
r 9.6
sq ft
) for
clip
ping
fora
ge y
ield
sam
ples
and
doi
ng th
e dr
y-w
eigh
t-ran
k (D
WR
) met
hod
of e
stim
atin
g sp
ecie
s com
posi
tion
• G
rass
shea
rs, c
lippe
rs, a
nd lo
pper
s •
Pape
r sac
ks o
r cot
ton
bags
for s
peci
es c
ompo
sitio
n by
wei
ght a
nd st
andi
ng b
iom
ass
prot
ocol
s •
Pene
trom
eter
or s
teel
rod
for s
oil c
ompa
ctio
n de
tect
ion
(pas
ture
con
ditio
n)
• 50
- and
300
-gra
m fi
eld
scal
es w
ith p
inch
clip
(to
gras
p fo
rage
sam
ple)
gra
duat
ed in
gra
m
incr
emen
ts
• 10
X m
agni
fyin
g le
ns fo
r pla
nt id
entif
icat
ion
• V
eget
ativ
e gr
ass k
ey, a
nd w
eed
key.
•
5 to
6 su
rvey
stak
es to
tem
pora
rily
secu
re ta
pes o
nsite
•
Soil
stab
ility
test
kit
(see
Cha
pter
11)
•
Dei
oniz
ed w
ater
(any
non
carb
onat
ed b
ottle
d w
ater
exc
ept m
iner
al w
ater
(1 q
uart
per t
est)
• St
opw
atch
or c
hron
ogra
ph w
atch
(CA
SI a
lso
prov
ides
tim
er)
• Sm
all s
pray
bot
tle (a
tom
izer
or e
quiv
alen
t with
ver
y fin
e m
ist)
• D
ata
reco
rdin
g in
stru
men
t •
Com
pute
r Ass
iste
d Su
rvey
Inst
rum
ent (
CA
SI) o
r ele
ctro
nic
ques
tionn
aire
(see
app
endi
x A
) •
2 st
retc
h ta
pes (
25 ft
) or 1
1.75
foot
leng
th o
f stri
ng fo
r woo
dy p
lots
•
Smal
l bot
tle o
f 1N
or 1
M H
Cl f
or te
stin
g ef
ferv
esce
nce
clas
s (se
e C
hapt
er 7
) •
Met
al d
iam
eter
tape
(met
ric) w
ith m
illim
eter
gra
duat
ions
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n | 2
-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Oth
er su
gges
ted
item
s for
em
erge
ncie
s:
• Ex
tra b
atte
ries
• C
ell p
hone
Ref
eren
ces a
nd d
ocum
ents
:
• N
RI H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns fo
r Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-Si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
• M
aps o
f seg
men
t sam
ple
site
•
Plan
t gui
des a
nd a
ppro
pria
te fl
oras
•
Info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
segm
ent s
ampl
e si
te in
clud
ing:
o
Se
gmen
t and
poi
nt si
te m
ap o
n ae
rial i
mag
ery
back
grou
nd
o
Cou
nty
high
way
map
with
plo
tted
sam
ple
loca
tions
o
Q
uadr
angl
e co
mpi
latio
n m
ap
o
Soil
surv
ey a
tlas s
heet
, on-
site
shee
t, or
equ
ival
ent s
oil s
urve
y m
ap in
form
atio
n o
Ec
olog
ical
site
des
crip
tion
2.6
Tec
hnic
al A
ssis
tanc
e an
d H
elp
Tech
nica
l ass
ista
nce
and
help
are
ava
ilabl
e to
dat
a ga
ther
ers f
rom
inst
ruct
ions
, Web
site
s, e-
mai
l, te
leph
one,
and
voi
ce m
ail.
Sele
ctio
n of
the
appr
opria
te a
venu
e de
pend
s upo
n th
e ki
nd a
nd
urge
ncy
of a
ssis
tanc
e re
quire
d.
The
first
poi
nt o
f hel
p is
writ
ten
inst
ruct
ions
for g
razi
ng la
nd d
ata
colle
ctio
n. N
RI l
eade
rs a
re to
pr
ovid
e al
l dat
a ga
ther
ers w
ith th
e co
mpl
ete
NR
I Han
dboo
k of
Inst
ruct
ions
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a Co
llect
ion.
Inst
ruct
ions
are
pos
ted
at:
http
s://g
razi
ngla
nd.c
ssm
.iast
ate.
edu
If th
e qu
estio
n is
not
reso
lved
, con
tact
the
stat
e gr
azin
g la
nd/ra
nge
man
agem
ent s
peci
alis
t or s
tate
re
sour
ce in
vent
ory
coor
dina
tor.
This
pro
cedu
re is
mea
nt to
ens
ure
that
Sta
te N
RI a
nd g
razi
ng
land
/rang
e le
ader
s are
the
first
sour
ce o
f inf
orm
atio
n fo
r dat
a ga
ther
er q
uest
ions
. Lea
ders
will
re
solv
e th
e pr
oble
m o
r con
tact
the
NR
I Hel
p D
esk
to g
et a
ssis
tanc
e.
The
NR
I Hel
p D
esk
will
con
sult
with
app
ropr
iate
tech
nica
l sta
ff to
obt
ain
answ
ers t
o qu
estio
ns
and
prov
ide
resp
onse
s to
stat
e sp
ecia
lists
and
dat
a ga
ther
ers.
If th
e da
ta g
athe
rer n
eeds
imm
edia
te
assi
stan
ce a
nd th
eir l
eade
r can
not b
e re
ache
d, th
ey m
ay c
onta
ct:
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d H
elp
Des
k: (n
ri-gr
aze-
help
@ia
stat
e.ed
u) fo
r pro
toco
l/CA
SI is
sues
and
qu
estio
ns.
2.7
Stat
e L
eade
rs a
nd D
ata
Gat
here
rs R
espo
nsib
ilitie
s St
ate
NR
I and
gra
zing
land
man
agem
ent s
peci
alis
ts a
re re
spon
sibl
e fo
r:
• En
surin
g th
at a
ll da
ta g
athe
rers
are
trai
ned
and
unde
rsta
nd a
ll co
ncep
ts a
nd in
stru
ctio
ns in
th
is h
andb
ook
and
thos
e da
ta g
athe
rers
can
dem
onst
rate
pro
per a
pplic
atio
n of
thes
e in
stru
ctio
ns w
hen
colle
ctin
g gr
azin
g la
nd d
ata.
•
Prov
idin
g ea
ch d
ata
gath
erer
with
inst
ruct
ions
, anc
illar
y m
ater
ials
, and
refe
renc
es n
eede
d to
loca
te se
gmen
t sam
ple
site
s and
col
lect
dat
a.
G
uide
lines
for G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n | 2
-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Pr
ovid
ing
data
gat
here
rs e
quip
men
t to
colle
ct o
r mea
sure
gra
zing
land
reso
urce
co
nditi
ons.
• U
sing
the
mat
eria
ls a
nd se
rvic
es a
vaila
ble
from
the
NR
I Hel
p D
esk
to su
ppor
t tra
inin
g an
d da
ta c
olle
ctio
n ne
eds.
Indi
vidu
al d
ata
gath
erer
s are
resp
onsi
ble
for m
aste
ring
and
usin
g sk
ills r
equi
red
to c
olle
ct g
razi
ng
land
dat
a. E
ach
data
gat
here
r mus
t pos
sess
the
follo
win
g sk
ills,
know
ledg
e, a
nd a
bilit
ies t
o co
llect
da
ta: •
Und
erst
andi
ng a
nd a
pply
ing
the
NR
I sur
vey
prot
ocol
s and
inst
ruct
ions
. •
Usi
ng a
eria
l pho
togr
aphy
, map
s, se
gmen
t anc
illar
y m
ater
ials
to lo
cate
sam
ple
site
s. •
Ope
ratin
g th
e fie
ld c
ompu
ter w
ith C
ASI
to re
cord
and
com
mun
icat
e gr
azin
g la
nd d
ata.
•
Usi
ng th
e to
ols l
iste
d ab
ove
to m
easu
re a
nd o
btai
n gr
azin
g la
nd d
ata
acco
rdin
g to
surv
ey
prot
ocol
s. •
Com
mun
icat
ing
with
stat
e le
ader
s to
prov
ide
info
rmat
ion
and
ask
ques
tions
whe
n ne
eded
.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out
3.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Lo
catin
g th
e sa
mpl
e po
int f
ield
loca
tion
and
capt
urin
g th
e sm
aple
poi
nt fi
eld
posi
tion
• Es
tabl
ishi
ng th
e sa
mpl
e pl
ot a
nd tr
anse
cts
The
CA
SI sc
reen
als
o in
clud
es d
ata
entry
cel
ls fo
r Dat
a G
athe
rer,
Ow
ners
hip,
and
Lan
d C
over
/Use
.
3.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
3.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
3.7
Proc
edur
e fo
r Tak
ing
On-
Site
Ph
otog
raph
s to
clar
ify p
roce
dure
.
3.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
On-
site
dat
a w
ill b
e co
llect
ed a
t the
cer
tifie
d N
RI p
oint
loca
tion.
Cer
tifie
d lo
catio
ns a
re th
e ge
ogra
phic
coo
rdin
ate
syst
em d
escr
iptio
ns o
f NR
I sam
ple
poin
ts a
nd se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r pho
to-in
terp
rete
d N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n.
The
certi
fied
loca
tion
is u
niqu
e fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t. Th
e si
te m
ap re
pres
enta
tion
of th
e ce
rtifie
d po
int l
ocat
ions
shou
ld b
e co
nsid
ered
the
defin
itive
sour
ce. G
PS lo
catio
ns sh
ould
clo
sely
m
atch
this
map
repr
esen
tatio
n. In
inst
ance
s whe
re th
e G
PS a
ccur
acy
is p
oor o
r the
GPS
loca
tion
cont
radi
cts t
he si
te m
ap, m
ove
to th
e ce
rtifie
d lo
catio
n as
show
n on
the
segm
ent a
nd p
oint
site
m
ap. A
lway
s rev
iew
the
poin
t loc
atio
n ca
refu
lly b
efor
e be
ginn
ing
data
col
lect
ion.
3.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
3.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Po
int l
ocat
ion
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for a
ll sa
mpl
e po
ints
.
Plot
layo
ut w
ith tr
anse
cts,
GPS
loca
tion
reco
rdin
g, a
nd o
n-si
te p
hoto
grap
hs a
re c
ondu
cted
for
poin
ts w
hen
the
follo
win
g co
nditi
ons a
re m
et:
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
rang
e sa
mpl
e, p
lot l
ayou
t with
tran
sect
s, G
PS lo
catio
n re
cord
ing,
and
on
-site
pho
togr
aphs
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gr
assl
and
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, p
lot l
ayou
t with
tran
sect
s, G
PS lo
catio
n re
cord
ing,
an
d on
-site
pho
togr
aphs
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gr
assl
and
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
).
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, p
lot l
ayou
t with
tran
sect
s, G
PS lo
catio
n re
cord
ing,
and
on-
site
pho
togr
aphs
are
doc
umen
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se
of g
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
).
3.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ces a
re re
quire
d:
• A
ppen
dix
A -
CA
SI O
pera
tion,
Sec
tion
A.3
Nav
igat
ion
and
capt
urin
g po
sitio
n da
ta
• A
ppen
dix
B -
The
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
Rece
iver
, Fea
ture
s, Fu
nctio
ns, S
etup
and
Qua
lity
of P
ositi
on.
3.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Cap
turi
ng th
e Sa
mpl
e Po
int F
ield
Po
sitio
n
3.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s Se
gmen
t and
poi
nt si
te m
ap. A
ver
ified
spat
ial r
epre
sent
atio
n of
the
segm
ent b
ound
arie
s and
po
int l
ocat
ions
on
an o
rtho
phot
o ba
se. T
he o
ffic
ial N
RI sp
atia
l dat
a ba
se c
onta
inin
g ce
rtifie
d lo
catio
ns is
the
sour
ce fo
r thi
s map
. [N
RI-2
012]
Sam
ple
poin
t tar
get p
ositi
on. T
his r
efer
s to
the
pair
of c
oord
inat
es in
a g
loba
l coo
rdin
ate
syst
em
deriv
ed fr
om th
e of
ficia
l NR
I spa
tial d
ata
base
con
tain
ing
certi
fied
loca
tions
for t
he sa
mpl
e po
int.
[NR
I-12-
Ran
ge]
Cer
tifie
d lo
catio
ns. T
he g
eogr
aphi
c co
ordi
nate
syst
em d
escr
iptio
ns o
f NR
I sam
ple
poin
ts a
nd
segm
ents
that
acc
urat
ely
desc
ribe
the
loca
tion
of e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent i
n pr
ior p
hoto
-in
terp
rete
d N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is u
niqu
e fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t. [N
RI-2
012]
Sam
ple
poin
t fie
ld p
ositi
on. T
he lo
catio
n of
the
sam
ple
poin
t in
term
s of a
pai
r of c
oord
inat
es in
a
glob
al c
oord
inat
e sy
stem
. In
the
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d O
nsite
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n In
stru
ctio
ns, t
he
term
pos
ition
is re
serv
ed fo
r the
info
rmat
ion
or re
adin
g ob
tain
ed in
the
field
by
the
GPS
in
stru
men
t. Th
ese
coor
dina
tes s
houl
d m
atch
the
certi
fied
poin
t loc
atio
ns. [
NR
I-12-
Ran
ge]
3.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
Rev
iew
the
prov
ided
poi
nt lo
catio
n su
ppor
t inf
orm
atio
n fo
r eac
h se
gmen
t. Th
is in
clud
es:
• Si
te m
ap, t
he se
gmen
t and
poi
nt si
te m
ap (p
oint
loca
tions
mar
ked
on th
e pr
ovid
ed p
hoto
fo
r eac
h se
gmen
t) •
A c
ount
y le
vel m
ap sh
owin
g th
e ge
nera
l loc
atio
n of
the
segm
ent b
ound
ary
(aid
s in
plan
ning
nav
igat
ion
to th
e se
gmen
t).
3.5.
2.1
Fiel
d V
isit
Afte
r ow
ners
hip
is e
nter
ed, t
he d
ata
colle
ctor
will
be
aske
d if
the
sam
ple
poin
t was
vis
ited
in th
e fie
ld. B
oth
the
Ow
ners
hip
field
and
Fie
ld v
isit
field
s may
be
popu
late
d in
the
offic
e. B
oth
are
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
base
d on
pre
para
tions
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n (i.
e., d
eter
min
ing
the
land
owne
r, co
ntac
ting
the
land
ow
ner f
or p
erm
issi
on to
acc
ess
the
site
, det
erm
inat
ion
from
site
map
that
the
land
cov
er/u
se is
C
LEA
RLY
inel
igib
le).
It is
impo
rtant
to n
ote
that
the
land
co
ver u
se o
f mos
t poi
nts c
an o
nly
be d
eter
min
ed in
the
field
. N
AIP
imag
ery
used
for t
he b
ackg
roun
d of
the
site
map
s may
be
up
to 3
yea
rs o
ld. A
ctua
l lan
d co
ver/u
se o
f the
site
may
ha
ve c
hang
ed si
nce
the
NA
IP im
age
was
flow
n. F
or e
xam
ple,
cr
opla
nd m
ay b
e in
rota
tion
with
pas
ture
. A p
oint
that
is
show
n as
cro
plan
d on
the
NA
IP im
age
may
now
be
past
urel
and.
Alw
ays c
onfir
m la
nd c
over
/use
in th
e fie
ld w
hen
ther
e is
a p
ossi
bilit
y of
land
cov
er/u
se c
hang
e to
rang
elan
d or
pa
stur
elan
d.
If th
e an
swer
is N
o, a
cho
ice
list o
f rea
sons
is p
rese
nted
:
• N
o co
ntac
t with
land
ow
ner/
man
ager
- U
se th
is
whe
n th
e la
nd o
wne
r/man
ager
cou
ld n
ot b
e co
ntac
ted
for p
erm
issi
on to
acc
ess t
he si
te.
• D
enie
d ac
cess
by
land
ow
ner/
man
ager
- U
se th
is
whe
n th
e la
nd o
wne
r/man
ager
was
con
tact
ed, b
ut th
ey
refu
sed
to g
rant
per
mis
sion
to a
cces
s the
site
. •
Not
elig
ible
land
cov
er/u
se o
r ow
ners
hip
- Thi
s id
entif
ies s
ites t
hat a
re n
ot e
ligib
le fo
r dat
a co
llect
ion
beca
use
the
land
cov
er/u
se is
not
ra
ngel
and
or p
astu
rela
nd o
r the
ow
ners
hip
is in
corr
ect
for t
he su
rvey
. Alw
ays c
onfir
m la
nd c
over
/use
in th
e fie
ld w
hen
ther
e is
a p
ossi
bilit
y of
land
cov
er/u
se
chan
ge to
rang
elan
d or
pas
ture
land
. No
note
is
requ
ired
for t
his f
ield
sele
ctio
n.
• N
o ac
cess
to si
te -
An
exam
ple
is re
fusa
l by
a pr
ivat
e la
ndow
ner/m
anag
er to
cro
ss th
eir l
and
on th
e w
ay to
a
poin
t loc
ated
on
BLM
man
aged
land
. •
No
atte
mpt
for
othe
r re
ason
- C
hoos
e th
is se
lect
ion
whe
n no
ne o
f the
abo
ve fo
ur re
ason
s app
ly. C
hoos
ing
this
ans
wer
requ
ires t
he d
ata
colle
ctor
to d
ocum
ent a
n ex
plan
atio
n of
the
situ
atio
n in
a n
ote.
Rec
ord
the
Fiel
d V
isit
info
rmat
ion.
3.5.
2.2
Fiel
d Po
sitio
n
Use
the
Fiel
d Po
sitio
n fie
ld w
hen
navi
gatin
g to
the
sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n. F
or p
urpo
ses o
f thi
s ins
truct
ion,
nav
igat
ion
refe
rs to
the
proc
ess o
f int
erpr
etin
g in
form
atio
n to
trav
el to
the
loca
tion
of th
e N
RI s
ampl
e po
int.
Gen
eral
nav
igat
ion
cons
ider
atio
ns:
• It
is u
nnec
essa
ry to
phy
sica
lly n
avig
ate
to th
e po
int i
f it i
s obv
ious
the
poin
t is n
ot e
ligib
le
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
his m
ay re
sult
from
a c
hang
e in
ow
ners
hip
to a
n in
elig
ible
Figu
re 3
-2. T
ap th
e fie
ld
posi
tion
data
ent
ry c
ell t
o ac
cess
nav
igat
ion
prot
ocol
s. Fo
r nav
igat
ion,
mak
e yo
ur
sele
ctio
n ba
sed
on y
our
equi
pmen
t con
figur
atio
n.
Figu
re 3
-1. T
ap th
e fie
ld v
isit
data
ent
ry c
ell t
o re
cord
inte
nt
to v
isit
the
poin
t for
dat
a co
llect
ion
or to
pro
vide
the
reas
on a
fiel
d vi
sit w
ill n
ot b
e m
ade.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
owne
rshi
p or
an
obvi
ous c
onve
rsio
n to
an
inel
igib
le c
over
type
. The
se si
tuat
ions
requ
ire a
ne
gativ
e re
spon
se to
the
Fiel
d vi
sit f
ield
in st
ep 1
. •
In o
ther
cas
es, t
he p
oint
may
be
elig
ible
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n an
d a
site
vis
it is
atte
mpt
ed,
but o
ther
con
ditio
ns p
reve
nt d
ata
colle
ctio
n. S
elec
t one
of t
he re
ason
s (lis
ted
in th
e C
ASI
) an
d re
cord
a n
ote
to p
rovi
de m
ore
deta
il of
the
situ
atio
n:
o
Acc
ess d
enie
d/lo
cked
gat
es
o
Topo
grap
hy d
ange
rous
/impa
ssib
le
o
Flor
a/fa
una
dang
erou
s/im
pass
ible
o
O
ther
reas
on
• Th
e C
ASI
exp
ects
to o
btai
n co
mpl
ete
field
col
lect
ed
data
for t
wo
poin
ts p
er se
gmen
t whe
neve
r pos
sibl
e.
• Fo
r BLM
sam
ple
segm
ents
, poi
nts 1
and
2 w
ill
initi
ally
be
avai
labl
e fo
r the
on-
site
inve
ntor
y pr
otoc
ols.
If po
ints
1 o
r 2 a
re n
ot e
ligib
le fo
r dat
a co
llect
ion,
poi
nt 3
will
bec
ome
avai
labl
e fo
r dat
a co
llect
ion
in th
e C
ASI
. •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al sa
mpl
e, d
ata
may
be
colle
cted
for
up to
two
poin
ts p
er se
gmen
t bas
ed o
n pa
st o
n-si
te
data
col
lect
ion
hist
ory.
The
navi
gatio
n pr
oces
s can
be
done
in tw
o w
ays d
escr
ibed
as
optio
n 1
and
2 be
low
.
Opt
ion
1 (N
avig
atio
n w
ith G
PS):
Use
the
CA
SI a
nd
inte
grat
ed G
PS te
chno
logy
to n
avig
ate
to th
e Sa
mpl
e Po
int
Fiel
d Po
sitio
n. T
his u
ses t
he P
oint
Loc
atio
n di
spla
yed
at th
e to
p of
the
scre
en a
s tar
get c
oord
inat
es. T
his o
ptio
n sh
ould
w
ork
wel
l for
mos
t sam
ple
poin
ts in
this
surv
ey a
nd sh
ould
no
rmal
ly b
e th
e pr
efer
red
optio
n to
loca
te th
e sa
mpl
e po
int
loca
tion.
Th
e C
ASI
nav
igat
ion
proc
ess c
an n
ow b
e ac
com
plis
hed
via
one
of tw
o pr
otoc
ols l
iste
d be
low
:
• Pr
otoc
ol 1
(Gar
min
GPS
map
76)
: Thi
s pro
toco
l use
s the
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76 a
nd
prop
rieta
ry G
arm
in p
rogr
am la
ngua
ge to
com
mun
icat
e be
twee
n th
e G
arm
in a
nd th
e Tr
imbl
e R
econ
. Thi
s is t
he n
avig
atio
n m
etho
d us
ed in
all
prev
ious
ver
sion
s of t
he C
ASI
an
d is
des
igne
d sp
ecifi
cally
for t
he T
rimbl
e R
econ
and
the
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
com
bina
tion.
With
this
met
hod,
the
Gar
min
Map
76
scre
en a
nd k
ey c
ontro
ls a
re u
sed
for
navi
gatio
n.
• Pr
otoc
ol 2
(NM
EA
GPS
): T
his i
s a n
ew p
roto
col (
as o
f 201
0) a
nd u
ses t
he N
atio
nal
Mar
ine
Elec
troni
cs A
ssoc
iatio
n (N
MEA
) com
mun
icat
ion
lang
uage
to c
omm
unic
ate
NEM
A G
PS st
rings
to th
e Fi
eld
PC. T
he C
ASI
has
bee
n cu
stom
ized
to w
ork
with
the
built
-in G
PS d
evic
es in
clud
ed w
ith th
e Tr
imbl
e G
eo X
T an
d th
e 3D
Pro
XY
Z w
ith
min
imal
requ
ired
setu
p. W
ith th
is m
etho
d, th
e Fi
eld
PC sc
reen
is u
sed
to d
ispl
ay m
aps
and
cont
rol t
he n
avig
atio
n pr
oces
s. Th
is p
roto
col c
an a
lso
be u
sed
to c
onfig
ure
othe
r NM
EA c
ompa
tible
GPS
dev
ices
to
wor
k w
ith a
fiel
d PC
. To
do th
is, c
omm
unic
atio
n po
rt, b
aud
rate
and
cer
tain
NM
EA
Figu
re 3
-3. T
ap u
nabl
e to
re
ach
site
/col
lect
dat
a w
ithin
th
e fie
ld p
ositi
on d
ata
entry
fie
ld to
pro
vide
info
rmat
ion
abou
t a fa
iled
atte
mpt
to
reac
h a
sam
ple
site
or
com
plet
e fie
ld d
ata
colle
ctio
n fo
r a sa
mpl
e
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
strin
gs m
ust b
e sp
ecifi
ed b
etw
een
the
Fiel
d PC
and
GPS
uni
t. Fo
r ass
ista
nce
with
spec
ific
units
, ple
ase
cont
act t
he N
RI H
elp
Des
k.
Opt
ion
2 (N
avig
atio
n by
map
): In
the
even
t of h
eavy
can
opy
cove
r or o
ther
tech
nica
l diff
icul
ties
that
resu
lt in
poo
r GPS
per
form
ance
, dat
a ga
ther
ers m
ay u
se th
e se
gmen
t poi
nt a
nd si
te m
ap(s
) in
asso
ciat
ion
with
vis
ible
land
mar
ks a
nd o
ther
dis
tinct
feat
ures
on
the
land
to n
avig
ate
to th
e sa
mpl
e po
int l
ocat
ion
in th
e fie
ld. I
n th
is c
ase,
sele
ct N
o G
PS c
aptu
re (r
each
ed si
te) f
rom
the
disp
laye
d C
ASI
cho
ice
list.
Dat
a co
llect
ion
can
proc
eed
in th
is in
stan
ce.
3.5.
2.3
Nav
igat
ion
via
GPS
/CA
SI In
terf
ace
Prot
ocol
1: F
or G
arm
in G
PS M
ap 7
6 an
d T
rim
ble
Rec
on U
sers
The
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
cann
ot b
e co
mpl
etel
y se
tup
by th
e C
ASI
. It i
s im
pera
tive
the
Gar
min
76
be se
t to
the
corr
ect d
atum
--N
AD
83 a
nd th
at c
omm
unic
atio
n (I
nter
face
) is s
et to
Gar
min
. Fo
llow
thes
e st
eps t
o re
view
/cha
nge
the
setti
ngs o
n th
e G
arm
in p
rior t
o ho
okin
g up
to th
e R
econ
de
vice
.
Tab
le 3
-1. S
peci
al in
stru
ctio
ns fo
r Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
To
set d
atum
type
: NA
D83
T
o se
t the
Gar
min
Inte
rfac
e: G
arm
in
1.
Pres
s the
men
u bu
tton
to m
ove
to
the
mai
n m
enu.
2.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
hig
hlig
ht
setu
p.
3.
Pres
s the
ent
er b
utto
n. A
serie
s of
diff
eren
t tab
s will
be
disp
laye
d at
th
e to
p of
the
scre
en.
4.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
mov
e to
the
loca
tion
tab.
5.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
mov
e do
wn
to m
ap d
atum
(usu
ally
set t
o W
GS8
4).
6.
Pres
s the
ent
er b
utto
n an
d hi
ghlig
ht
NA
D83
from
the
pop
up li
st o
f da
tum
type
s.
7.
Pres
s the
ent
er b
utto
n ag
ain
to se
lect
N
AD
83.
8.
Pres
s the
men
u bu
tton
seve
ral t
imes
to
retu
rn to
the
navi
gatio
n m
ode.
1.
Pres
s the
men
u bu
tton
and
sele
ct se
tup.
2.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
hig
hlig
ht se
tup.
3.
Pres
s the
ent
er b
utto
n. A
serie
s of
diff
eren
t tab
s will
be
disp
laye
d at
the
top
of th
e G
arm
in76
scre
en.
4.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
mov
e to
the
inte
rfac
e ta
b.
5.
Use
the
rock
er b
utto
n to
mov
e to
the
seria
l dat
a fo
rmat
.
6.
Pres
s ent
er a
nd se
lect
Gar
min
.
7.
Pres
s the
men
u bu
tton
seve
ral t
imes
to
retu
rn to
nav
igat
ion
mod
e.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
1.
To u
se th
e G
arm
in G
PS M
ap 7
6 to
nav
igat
e to
the
sam
ple
poin
t, fo
llow
thes
e st
eps:
• C
heck
the
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76 to
mak
e su
re th
e in
terf
ace
and
datu
m se
tting
are
cor
rect
(see
Tab
le 3
-1)
• C
onne
ct th
e G
arm
in G
PS M
ap 7
6 an
d R
econ
usi
ng th
e su
pplie
d G
arm
in c
able
. The
nin
e pi
n se
rial c
able
at
tach
es to
the
botto
m o
f the
Rec
on u
nit.
• Ta
p th
e fie
ld p
ositi
on e
lem
ent a
nd se
lect
Nav
igat
e (G
arm
in G
PSm
ap 7
6) fr
om th
e po
p-up
men
u (F
igur
e 3-
4).
• Ta
p on
ope
n co
nnec
tion
to c
reat
e a
com
mun
icat
ion
sess
ion
with
the
Gar
min
. •
Tap
trans
fer t
arge
t to
mov
e th
e po
int t
arge
t coo
rdin
ates
to
the
Gar
min
as a
way
poi
nt. T
hey
will
be
labe
led
as
poin
t 1, p
oint
2 o
r poi
nt 3
. •
Use
the
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
to n
avig
ate
to th
e do
wnl
oade
d w
ay p
oint
as n
ear a
s pos
sibl
e. R
efer
to
appe
ndix
B fo
r mor
e in
form
atio
n on
ope
ratin
g th
e G
arm
in u
nit.
2.
Eval
uate
the
loca
tion.
The
site
map
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n sh
ould
be
cons
ider
ed th
e de
finiti
ve
sour
ce. G
PS lo
catio
ns sh
ould
clo
sely
mat
ch th
is m
ap
repr
esen
tatio
n. In
inst
ance
s whe
re th
e G
PS a
ccur
acy
is
poor
or t
he G
PS lo
catio
n co
ntra
dict
s the
site
map
, mov
e to
th
e ce
rtifie
d lo
catio
n as
show
n on
the
segm
ent a
nd p
oint
si
te m
ap.
3.
Cap
ture
the
sam
ple
poin
t fie
ld p
ositi
on b
y ta
ppin
g th
e ca
ptur
e lo
catio
n bu
tton
in th
e C
ASI
nav
igat
ion
win
dow
. Th
e co
ordi
nate
s will
be
retu
rned
to C
ASI
and
app
ear i
n th
e lo
ngitu
de a
nd la
titud
e da
ta e
ntry
cel
ls. N
ote:
The
ca
ptur
e is
inst
anta
neou
s as t
here
is n
o av
erag
ing.
4.
Mar
k th
e sa
mpl
e po
int l
ocat
ion
with
a fl
ag o
r oth
er
suita
ble
mar
ker.
For m
ore
info
rmat
ion
on u
sing
the
CA
SI/G
arm
in to
nav
igat
e an
d ca
ptur
e po
sitio
n in
form
atio
n, re
fer t
o A
ppen
dix
B, T
he
Gar
min
GPS
Map
76
Rece
iver
. Fea
ture
s, Fu
nctio
ns, S
etup
and
Q
ualit
y of
Pos
ition
.
Prot
ocol
2: N
ME
A G
PS- F
or T
rim
ble
Geo
XT
and
3D
Pro
XY
Z C
onfig
urat
ions
The
NEM
A G
PS p
roto
col u
ses t
he fo
llow
ing
NEM
A se
nten
ces t
o co
mm
unic
ate
loca
tion/
navi
gatio
n in
form
atio
n to
the
Fiel
d PC
.
Figu
re 3
-5. T
his n
avig
atio
n w
indo
w o
pens
up
afte
r na
viga
tion
is se
lect
ed fr
om
the
loca
tion
scre
en.
Figu
re 3
-4. S
elec
t nav
igat
e (G
arm
in G
PSm
ap 7
6) to
tra
nsfe
r coo
rdin
ates
to th
e G
arm
in G
PS M
ap 7
6 an
d be
gin
a na
viga
tion
proc
ess.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-7
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• G
PGG
A: P
rovi
des l
atitu
de, l
ongi
tude
, ele
vatio
n,
HD
OP
and
fix ty
pe
• G
PRM
C: P
rovi
des d
ate
and
stat
us
• G
PGSA
(opt
iona
l): P
rovi
des P
DO
P an
d V
DO
P
1.
To u
se th
e C
ASI
with
the
Trim
ble
GEO
XT,
3D
PRO
X
YZ
Fiel
d PC
/GPS
com
bina
tion
units
to n
avig
ate
to th
e sa
mpl
e po
int,
follo
w th
ese
step
s:
• Ta
p th
e fie
ld p
ositi
on e
lem
ent a
nd se
lect
Nav
igat
e (N
EM
A G
PS) f
rom
the
pop-
up m
enu
(Fig
ure
3-4)
. •
The
CA
SI n
avig
atio
n w
indo
w w
ill b
e di
spla
yed
(fig
ure
3-6)
. To
set u
p fo
r the
firs
t tim
e:
• Ta
p on
setti
ngs (
low
er le
ft ha
nd c
orne
r) a
nd se
lect
the
GPS
type
men
u op
tion
to sp
ecify
the
type
of G
PS y
ou
are
usin
g.
• Ta
p on
orie
ntat
ion
to c
hang
e th
e na
viga
tion
map
or
ient
atio
n fr
om ‘N
orth
Up’
to ‘C
ours
e U
p’.
• U
pon
com
plet
ion
of se
tup,
tap
ok a
nd th
e na
viga
tion
win
dow
will
re-a
ppea
r and
the
GPS
will
beg
in th
e na
viga
tion
proc
ess.
• N
ote:
It m
ay ta
ke a
few
min
utes
for t
he G
PS to
de
term
ine
a va
lid st
artin
g lo
catio
n. O
nce
a va
lid
posi
tion
has b
een
esta
blis
hed,
the
navi
gatio
n w
indo
w
will
dis
play
the
dist
ance
and
dire
ctio
n to
the
targ
et
coor
dina
tes.
•
The
Nav
igat
ion
win
dow
incl
udes
a n
umbe
r of
feat
ures
whi
ch a
ssis
t in
the
navi
gatio
n pr
oces
s whi
ch
are
deta
iled
in fi
gure
3-8
. •
Use
the
navi
gatio
n sc
reen
to n
avig
ate
as n
ear t
o th
e ta
rget
coo
rdin
ates
as p
ossi
ble.
2.
Eval
uate
the
loca
tion.
The
site
map
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n sh
ould
be
cons
ider
ed th
e de
finiti
ve
sour
ce. G
PS lo
catio
ns sh
ould
clo
sely
mat
ch th
is m
ap
repr
esen
tatio
n. In
inst
ance
s whe
re th
e G
PS a
ccur
acy
is
poor
or t
he G
PS lo
catio
n co
ntra
dict
s the
site
map
, mov
e to
the
certi
fied
loca
tion
as sh
own
on th
e se
gmen
t and
po
int s
ite m
ap.
3.
Cap
ture
the
sam
ple
poin
t fie
ld p
ositi
on b
y ta
ppin
g th
e ca
ptur
e op
tion
(low
er ri
ght h
and
porti
on o
f the
scre
en) i
n th
e C
ASI
nav
igat
ion
win
dow
. The
coo
rdin
ates
will
be
retu
rned
to C
ASI
and
app
ear i
n th
e lo
ngitu
de a
nd la
titud
e da
ta e
ntry
cel
ls. N
ote:
The
cap
ture
is in
stan
tane
ous a
s th
ere
is n
o av
erag
ing.
4.
Mar
k th
e sa
mpl
e po
int l
ocat
ion
with
a fl
ag o
r oth
er su
itabl
e m
arke
r.
Figu
re 3
-7. T
he
Hem
isph
ere,
Trim
ble
Geo
X
T an
d R
econ
/Gar
min
uni
ts
are
all p
re-c
onfig
ured
for
navi
gatio
n w
ith th
e C
ASI
.
Figu
re 3
-6. S
elec
t ‘se
ttin
gs’
from
the
Nav
igat
ion
win
dow
to sp
ecify
the
type
of
GPS
you
are
usi
ng w
ith
the
Fiel
d PC
or c
hang
e th
e sc
reen
orie
ntat
ion
from
no
rth to
cou
rse
up.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-8
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Poss
ible
Mes
sage
s St
oppe
d: In
dica
tes n
o co
mm
unic
atio
n ta
king
pla
ce
with
GPS
R
unni
ng: I
ndic
ates
com
mun
icat
ion
with
GPS
In
valid
: GPS
pos
ition
not
val
id fo
r nav
igat
ion
Goo
d: G
PS p
ositi
on a
dequ
ate
for n
avig
atio
n
Cou
rse:
Whi
le n
avig
atin
g, in
dica
tes t
he c
ours
e in
deg
rees
you
are
trav
elin
g Sp
eed:
Indi
cate
s you
r spe
ed w
hile
nav
igat
ing
Targ
et lo
catio
n is
mar
ked
by
an X
Dis
tanc
e an
d be
arin
g to
targ
et (N
ote:
C
ours
e up
nav
igat
ion
assu
mes
a
curre
nt c
ours
e/be
arin
g of
”0”
and
calc
ulat
es a
bea
ring
to th
e ta
rget
ac
cord
ingl
y).
Cur
rent
pos
ition
m
arke
d by
+
Zoom
Con
trol
Out
/In
Tex
t des
crip
tion:
Tex
t mes
sage
disp
laye
d to
as
sist
in n
avig
atio
n.
Rad
io B
utto
n Ch
oice
s D
op (d
ilutio
n of
pre
cisio
n): G
PS si
gnal
qua
lity
info
rmat
ion
L/L
: Disp
lays
latit
ude
and
long
itude
of t
arge
t and
cu
rrent
pos
ition
M
sg: D
ispla
ys st
atus
of N
EMA
strin
g re
triev
al to
na
viga
tion
proc
ess
Tur
n: In
dica
tes s
ugge
sted
turn
nee
ded
to st
ay o
n co
urse
in d
egre
es (-
180
to 1
80)
Figu
re 3
-8. W
hen
usin
g a
NEM
A G
PS, t
he fi
eld
PC
prov
ides
the
map
and
co
ntro
ls fo
r nav
igat
ion.
Figu
re 3
-9. T
appi
ng o
n ca
ptur
e,
pulls
up
a su
mm
ary
of th
e ca
ptur
ed c
oord
inat
e in
form
atio
n.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-9
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
3.6
Proc
edur
e fo
r Es
tabl
ishi
ng/D
ocum
entin
g th
e Sa
mpl
e Pl
ot a
nd
Tra
nsec
ts
3.6.
1 D
efin
ition
s O
n-si
te p
lot.
A c
ircul
ar a
rea
150
feet
in d
iam
eter
cen
tere
d ar
ound
the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t. Th
e pl
ot
incl
udes
two
trans
ects
150
feet
in le
ngth
that
inte
rsec
t at t
he N
RI s
ampl
e po
int.
Tran
sect
bea
rings
ar
e se
t on
a di
agon
al. [
NR
I-03-
Ran
ge] A
labe
led
plot
dia
gram
is sh
own
in fi
gure
3-8
.
Tra
nsec
t. A
cro
ss-s
ectio
n of
an
area
use
d as
a sa
mpl
e fo
r rec
ordi
ng, m
appi
ng, o
r stu
dyin
g ve
geta
tion
and
its u
se; m
ay b
e a
serie
s of p
lots
, a b
elt o
r stri
p, o
r mer
ely
a lin
e. In
the
graz
ing
land
on
-site
dat
a co
llect
ion,
two
150-
foot
tran
sect
line
s int
erse
ct a
t the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t. M
easu
rem
ents
are
take
n at
pre
dete
rmin
ed m
rks a
long
the
trans
ect l
ine.
The
tran
sect
arm
s are
or
ient
ed 4
5 de
gree
s in
both
dire
ctio
ns fr
om m
agne
tic n
orth
. Tra
nsec
t dis
tanc
es a
re re
cord
ed fr
om
the
NW
to S
E an
d N
E to
SW
from
a ta
pe st
retc
hed
alon
g th
e gr
ound
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
].
The
follo
win
g pr
otoc
ols u
tiliz
e th
e tra
nsec
t lin
e du
ring
sam
plin
g:
• Li
ne P
oint
Tra
nsec
ts fo
r Cov
er C
ompo
sitio
n •
Line
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
ts: B
asal
and
Can
opy
Gap
s •
Soil
Stab
ility
Tes
t •
Plan
t Hei
ght
• Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t •
Dry
Wei
ght R
ank
• St
andi
ng B
iom
ass
• Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e
3.6.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Plac
e al
l equ
ipm
ent o
utsi
de th
e 0.
4-ac
re p
lot a
rea.
M
inim
ize
foot
traf
fic a
s muc
h as
pos
sibl
e in
the
sam
ple
area
, esp
ecia
lly a
t the
segm
ent p
oint
(75-
ft in
ters
ectio
n on
ta
pe).
2.
Lay
out t
he tw
o 15
0-fo
ot tr
anse
cts t
hrou
gh th
e sa
mpl
e po
int.
The
mid
dle
of e
ach
trans
ect i
nter
sect
s at t
he sa
mpl
e po
int (
see
fig. 3
-10)
.
• T
rans
ect 1
- Fr
om th
e N
RI s
ampl
e po
int,
use
the
com
pass
to lo
cate
the
NE
star
ting
(0 o
n th
e ta
pe) p
oint
of
tran
sect
1 b
y ex
tend
ing
tape
at 4
5 degr
ees.
Whe
n th
e ta
pe is
ext
ende
d 75
feet
, sec
ure
NE
poin
t with
a
surv
eyor
stak
e. L
ocat
e th
e SW
end
poi
nt o
f tra
nsec
t 1
by e
xten
ding
tape
at 2
25 de
gree
s to a
tota
l len
gth
of
150
feet
. Sec
ure
the
SW tr
anse
ct 1
end
with
a su
rvey
st
ake.
•
Tra
nsec
t 2 -
From
the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t, us
e th
e co
mpa
ss to
loca
te th
e N
W st
artin
g (0
on
the
tape
) po
int o
f tra
nsec
t 2 b
y ex
tend
ing
tape
at 3
15 de
gree
s.
Whe
n th
e ta
pe is
ext
ende
d 75
feet
, sec
ure
NW
poi
nt
with
a su
rvey
or st
ake.
Loc
ate
the
SE e
nd p
oint
of t
rans
ect 2
by
exte
ndin
g ta
pe a
t 135
Figu
re 3
-10
On-
site
plo
t la
yout
des
ign
incl
udin
g th
e N
E/SW
tran
sect
and
the
NW
/SE
trans
ect w
hich
in
ters
ect a
t the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-1
0
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
degr
ees to
a to
tal l
engt
h of
150
feet
. Sec
ure
the
SE tr
anse
ct 2
end
with
a su
rvey
stak
e.
3.
Plac
e a
mar
king
flag
at t
he tr
anse
ct b
egin
ning
(0.0
ft),
mid
dle
(seg
men
t poi
nt, 7
5ft),
and
end
(1
50-ft
), re
spec
tivel
y.
Con
side
ratio
ns in
stre
tchi
ng ta
pes a
nd r
eadi
ng d
ata
• In
are
as w
ith sh
rubs
, the
tape
shou
ld p
ass b
elow
the
shru
b ca
nopi
es so
that
it re
sts o
n or
cl
ose
to th
e gr
ound
. •
If ne
eded
, use
add
ition
al su
rvey
or st
akes
at v
ario
us in
terv
als t
o se
cure
the
tape
clo
se to
th
e gr
ound
, esp
ecia
lly w
here
win
d is
a c
onsi
dera
tion.
•
Rea
d da
ta fr
om o
ne si
de o
f tap
e an
d al
way
s wal
k on
the
othe
r sid
e.
• D
o no
t est
imat
e va
lues
from
a d
ista
nce
as th
is c
an le
ad to
err
ors d
ue to
par
alla
x. B
e ca
refu
l not
to d
istu
rb v
eget
atio
n in
the
prod
uctio
n pl
ots.
• A
n im
agin
ary
circ
le se
rves
as a
plo
t bor
der a
nd fo
rms f
our q
uadr
ants
(nor
th, s
outh
, eas
t, an
d w
est)
(see
fig.
1) w
hich
mak
e up
the
mac
ropl
ot.
3.7
Proc
edur
e fo
r Ta
king
On-
Site
Pho
togr
aphs
3.7.
1 D
efin
ition
s N
one
3.7.
2 Pr
oced
ure
Use
a h
igh
reso
lutio
n di
gita
l cam
era
(at l
east
5 m
egap
ixel
cap
acity
) with
50
mm
equ
ival
ent l
ens
to p
hoto
grap
h th
e pl
ot a
ccor
ding
to th
e fo
llow
ing
proc
edur
es. B
oth
CLO
SE-U
P an
d D
ISTA
NT
phot
os a
re fr
amed
iden
tical
ly. D
o no
t zoo
m in
. Beg
in p
hoto
grap
hs a
t the
150
-ft m
rk (s
outh
end
) of
tran
sect
1. P
repa
re a
legi
ble
phot
o id
entif
icat
ion
card
(clip
boar
d si
ze o
r equ
ival
ent).
The
pho
to
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd m
ust h
ave
the
follo
win
g in
form
atio
n:
• St
ate,
Cou
nty
code
s •
Segm
ent n
umbe
r •
Segm
ent p
oint
num
ber (
1, 2
, or 3
) •
Tran
sect
Num
ber a
nd d
irect
ion
(e.g
., 1-
SW to
NE;
2-S
E to
NW
; 2-N
W to
SE;
1-N
E to
SW
) •
Dat
e •
Any
poi
nt o
f int
eres
t pho
to: e
.g. J
unip
er in
vasi
on (J
UV
I), n
oxio
us w
eed
(CIA
R4)
, gul
ly,
dist
urba
nce,
aes
thet
ic p
hoto
, pre
scrib
ed b
urni
ng, e
tc.
If ad
ditio
nal p
hoto
s are
take
n fo
r Eco
logi
cal S
ite o
r For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
dev
elop
men
t, le
ave
out a
ll th
e N
RI r
elat
ed c
odes
. Lis
t on
phot
o id
entif
icat
ion
card
: Eco
logi
cal S
ite o
r For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
num
ber a
nd si
te n
ame.
1.
Plac
e th
e ph
oto
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd o
ne to
two
feet
to th
e rig
ht o
r lef
t of t
he 1
50.0
ft m
ark
(Tra
nsec
t 1, S
W-N
E), s
tand
out
side
of t
he m
acro
plot
, in
line
with
the
tape
,10
ft fro
m th
e 15
0.0-
ft m
rk. S
igna
l dat
a co
llect
ion
crew
to e
xit t
he m
acro
plot
com
plet
ely.
Com
pose
ph
oto
from
a h
eigh
t of 1
.5 m
. The
clo
se-u
p ph
oto
is d
igita
lly fo
cuse
d at
the
150-
foot
mar
k (n
eare
st e
nd o
f the
tape
), th
en ti
lt th
e ca
mer
a up
war
d to
incl
ude
the
horiz
on w
ithin
the
fram
e w
ithou
t los
ing
the
clos
e-up
focu
s and
pho
to id
entif
icat
ion
card
at t
he n
ear e
nd o
f the
tape
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-1
1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
(Fig
ure
3-11
). K
eep
shut
ter b
utto
n pa
rtial
ly d
epre
ssed
till
the
horiz
on is
fram
ed, t
hen
com
plet
ely
depr
ess t
he sh
utte
r but
ton
parti
ally
dep
ress
ed ti
ll th
e ho
rizon
is fr
amed
, the
n co
mpl
etel
y de
pres
s the
shut
ter b
utto
n an
d ta
ke th
e ph
oto.
Rev
iew
the
digi
tal p
hoto
for
read
abili
ty o
f the
pho
to id
entif
icat
ion
card
. Not
e: th
e ph
oto
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd in
form
atio
n is
fo
r lat
er ta
ggin
g th
e ph
otos
in N
RI i
mag
es a
pplic
atio
n an
d w
ill b
e m
aske
d.
2.
From
the
sam
e lo
catio
n, th
e di
stan
t pho
to is
dig
itally
focu
sed
on th
e ho
rizon
or t
he 0
-foot
m
ark
(at t
he fa
r end
of t
he ta
pe).
Whi
le h
oldi
ng th
e sh
utte
r but
ton
parti
ally
dep
ress
ed, t
ilt th
e fr
ame
low
er so
that
bot
h th
e ho
rizon
and
nea
r end
of t
ape
and
phot
o id
entif
icat
ion
card
are
in
clud
ed w
ithin
the
fram
e. D
epre
ss sh
utte
r but
ton
and
take
the
phot
o. R
epea
t at e
ach
trans
ect
end/
begi
nnin
g. B
e su
re to
labe
l the
pho
to fi
le c
orre
ctly
. 3.
N
ow m
ove
to 1
50-ft
mrk
Tra
nsec
t 2, S
E-N
W(s
outh
end
). C
hang
e ph
oto
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd
info
rmat
ion.
Sta
nd b
ack
10 ft
from
edg
e of
mac
ropl
ot, f
ocus
on
150-
ft m
rk a
nd c
ard.
Tak
e ph
oto.
Foc
us o
n 75
-ft m
rk. T
ake
phot
o.
4.
Sign
al d
ata
colle
ctio
n cr
ew to
ent
er th
e pl
ot a
nd b
egin
dat
a co
llect
ion.
Beg
in w
alki
ng u
p Tr
anse
ct 2
tow
ard
the
NW
. Tak
e op
tiona
l pho
tos o
f spe
cial
site
cha
ract
eris
tics o
r ano
mal
ies
as o
bser
ved.
Lab
el p
hoto
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd if
topi
c w
ill n
ot b
e ob
viou
s lat
er w
hen
labe
ling
phot
ogra
ph fi
le.
5.
If th
e 75
ft m
ark
is o
bscu
red
from
vie
w a
t eith
er o
f the
150
.0-ft
mar
ks, l
abel
the
phot
o id
entif
icat
ion
card
mrk
=75
ft a
nd o
ther
app
ropr
iate
iden
tifyi
ng in
form
atio
n. T
ake
phot
o.
6.
The
third
set o
f 2 p
hoto
s will
be
take
n fr
om th
e 0
ft m
ark
at th
e en
d of
tran
sect
2 (N
W to
SE)
us
ing
the
sam
e pr
oced
ure.
Lab
el p
hoto
iden
tific
atio
n ca
rd. D
ata
colle
ctio
n cr
ew m
ay re
mai
n in
the
plot
sinc
e cl
ean
site
pho
tos w
ere
achi
eved
with
the
first
2 se
ts ta
ken
from
the
sout
h.
7.
Rep
eat p
roce
dure
for t
he fo
urth
set o
f 2 p
hoto
s tak
en fr
om th
e 0-
ft m
rk o
f Tra
nsec
t 1 (N
E to
SW
). 8.
N
ote
that
an
addi
tiona
l pho
to is
requ
ired
to d
ocum
ent t
he so
il pr
ofile
(see
Cha
pter
7).
Figu
re 3
-11.
Bot
h C
LOSE
-UP
and
DIS
TAN
CE
phot
os a
re fr
amed
iden
tical
ly. 1
. Clo
se-u
p ph
oto
is d
igita
lly fo
cuse
d at
the
150
foot
mar
k (n
ear e
nd o
f the
tape
). 2.
Dis
tanc
e ph
oto
is
digi
tally
focu
sed
on th
e ho
rizon
or t
he 0
foot
mar
k (a
t the
far e
nd o
f the
tape
). R
epea
t the
two
phot
os a
t eac
h tra
nsec
t end
/beg
inni
ng.
Po
int L
ocat
ion
and
Plot
/Tra
nsec
t Lay
out |
3-1
2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Opt
iona
l Pho
tos:
poi
nt o
f int
eres
t des
igna
tor:
Ecol
ogic
al S
ite/F
orag
e Su
itabi
lity
Gro
up b
ound
ary
chan
ge, n
oxio
us w
eed,
bur
n, b
rush
con
trol,
aest
hetic
s, gu
lly, r
ills,
wat
er a
nd w
ind
eros
ion,
pla
nt
dise
ase,
pro
duct
ion
plot
clo
se-u
ps, i
nvas
ive
spec
ies,
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
, see
ding
, wat
er
deve
lopm
ents
, fen
ce li
ne c
ontra
sts,
etc)
. Any
opt
iona
l pho
togr
aphs
shou
ld in
clud
e a
phot
o id
entif
icat
ion
card
and
a sh
ort w
ritte
n ex
plan
atio
n of
wha
t is o
n th
e ph
oto.
3.8
Proc
edur
e fo
r Su
bmitt
ing
Dig
ital O
n-Si
te P
hoto
grap
hs
3.8.
1 D
efin
ition
s N
one
3.8.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Cop
y di
gita
l pho
tos t
o yo
ur d
eskt
op c
ompu
ter.
2.
Ope
n th
e w
eb-b
ased
NR
I Gra
zing
Lan
d Im
ages
app
licat
ion
(fou
nd o
n th
e G
razi
ng L
and
web
site
or a
t http
s://w
ww
.nris
urve
y.or
g/gr
azin
glan
dIm
ages
) and
ent
er y
our u
sern
ame
and
pass
wor
d.
3.
Sele
ct th
e U
ploa
d Im
ages
link
and
ent
er th
e N
RI P
oint
ID a
nd su
rvey
yea
r for
the
imag
es
you
wan
t to
uplo
ad. W
hen
you
have
fille
d in
all
requ
ired
valu
es, a
n up
load
inte
rfac
e w
ill
appe
ar. C
lick
"Sel
ect F
iles,"
cho
ose
the
imag
e fil
es y
ou w
ould
like
to u
ploa
d, a
nd c
lick
"Upl
oad.
" The
imag
es fi
les w
ill b
e up
load
ed to
a te
mpo
rary
loca
tion
on th
e se
rver
, fro
m
whi
ch y
ou c
an ta
g th
em a
nd su
bmit
them
to th
e G
razi
ng L
ands
Imag
e D
atab
ase.
4.
Sele
ct th
e T
ag Im
ages
link
and
sele
ct th
e di
rect
ory
for t
he im
ages
that
you
upl
oade
d.
5.
Com
plet
e in
form
atio
n fo
r all
boxe
s sho
wn
in re
d as
inco
mpl
ete.
The
se fi
elds
incl
ude:
• Tr
anse
ct e
nd ("
NE"
, "N
W",
"SE"
, "SW
", o
r "O
T" fo
r oth
er)
• V
iew
("C
U"
for c
lose
-up,
"TV
" for
tele
view
, or "
OT"
for o
ther
) •
Phot
o Y
ear
• M
onth
pho
to w
as ta
ken
(2-d
igit
mon
th (0
1-12
))
• D
ay p
hoto
was
take
n (2
-dig
it da
y of
mon
th (0
1-31
))
6.
Use
the
tool
to m
ask
out a
ny id
entif
ying
labe
ls (e
.g.,
whi
te b
oard
info
rmat
ion,
any
segm
ent
and
poin
t inf
orm
atio
n bu
rned
into
the
digi
tal i
mag
e).
7.
Ente
r any
not
es to
des
crib
e fe
atur
es o
f int
eres
t on
the
phot
o.
8.
Subm
it th
e ph
oto
to th
e G
razi
ng L
ands
Imag
e D
atab
ase
by c
licki
ng th
e “S
ubm
it” b
utto
n.
9.
Sele
ct th
e V
iew
Tag
ged
Imag
es li
nk to
vie
w o
r edi
t sub
mitt
ed p
hoto
s.
D
ata
Gat
here
rs |
4-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
D
ata
Gat
here
rs
4.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers t
he c
olle
ctio
n of
info
rmat
ion
rela
ting
to:
• D
ata
gath
erer
(s) f
or th
e se
gmen
t
Dat
a ga
ther
er(s
) sha
res t
he C
ASI
scre
en w
ith P
oint
Loc
atio
n,
Ow
ners
hip,
and
Lan
d C
over
/Use
.
Info
rmat
ion
on se
gmen
t ID
and
segm
ent p
oint
are
pre
-po
pula
ted
for a
ll se
gmen
ts a
nd a
re n
on-e
dita
ble.
4.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
No
chan
ges h
ave
occu
rred
in d
ata
colle
ctio
n pr
oced
ures
for
this
cha
pter
.
4.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
Dat
a ga
ther
ers m
ust h
ave
rece
ived
trai
ning
in th
e co
llect
ion
of g
razi
ng la
nd in
form
atio
n, C
ASI
op
erat
ion,
and
GPS
nav
igat
ion
prio
r to
data
col
lect
ion.
All
data
gat
here
rs m
ust a
lso
sign
the
NR
I co
nfid
entia
lity
agre
emen
t.
4.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
4.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n D
ata
gath
erer
info
rmat
ion
is c
olle
cted
for a
ll se
gmen
ts.
4.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
No
spec
ific
mat
eria
ls a
re n
eede
d to
com
plet
e da
ta c
olle
ctor
info
rmat
ion.
4.5
Proc
edur
es fo
r Id
entif
ying
Dat
a G
athe
rer
Info
rmat
ion
4.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s D
ata
gath
erer
. The
per
son
resp
onsi
ble
for i
nter
pret
ing
data
for a
segm
ent a
nd e
nter
ing
data
into
th
e C
ompu
ter A
ssis
ted
Surv
ey In
stru
men
t (C
ASI
). [N
RI-2
001]
4.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Iden
tify
the
Prim
ary
gath
erer
and
Oth
er g
athe
rer(
s) in
form
atio
n fo
r the
segm
ent.
• Th
e Pr
imar
y ga
ther
er is
the
pers
on le
adin
g th
e on
-site
col
lect
ion
team
, and
Oth
er
gath
erer
(s) a
re th
ose
that
ass
ist w
ith c
olle
ctio
n an
d re
cord
ing
of d
ata.
•
Dat
a ga
ther
ers m
ust h
ave
rece
ived
trai
ning
in ra
ngel
and
data
col
lect
ion,
CA
SI o
pera
tion,
an
d G
PS n
avig
atio
n.
2.
Ente
r Prim
ary
gath
erer
and
Oth
er g
athe
rer(
s) in
form
atio
n.
D
ata
Gat
here
rs |
4-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Se
lect
the
Prim
ary
gath
erer
scre
en a
nd e
nter
the
team
lead
er’s
nam
e, fi
rst n
ame
first
fo
llow
ed b
y la
st n
ame
(i.e.
, Jam
es Jo
hnso
n). O
nce
a na
me
is e
nter
ed in
the
CA
SI, i
t will
be
dis
play
ed a
nd m
ay b
e se
lect
ed fo
r sub
sequ
ent s
egm
ent d
ata
entry
. •
Ente
r oth
er g
athe
rer(
s) th
at a
ssis
t with
dat
a co
llect
ion
and
data
ent
ry in
the
sam
e m
anne
r as
abo
ve.
O
wne
rshi
p | 5
-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
O
wne
rshi
p
5.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• O
wne
rshi
p
The
CA
SI sc
reen
als
o in
clud
es d
ata
entry
cel
ls fo
r Poi
nt L
ocat
ion
and
Land
Cov
er/U
se.
5.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
No
chan
ges i
n th
is p
roto
col.
5.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
Ow
ners
hip
info
rmat
ion
is a
lway
s col
lect
ed a
t the
cer
tifie
d po
int l
ocat
ion.
Cer
tifie
d lo
catio
ns a
re
the
geog
raph
ic c
oord
inat
e sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
segm
ents
that
acc
urat
ely
desc
ribe
the
loca
tion
of e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent i
n pr
ior p
hoto
-inte
rpre
ted
NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion.
Th
e ce
rtifie
d lo
catio
n is
uni
que
for e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent.
The
site
map
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
certi
fied
poin
t loc
atio
ns sh
ould
be
cons
ider
ed th
e de
finiti
ve so
urce
.
5.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
5.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n O
wne
rshi
p w
ill b
e de
term
ined
for e
very
sam
ple
poin
t.
5.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
O
wne
rshi
p | 5
-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
, the
follo
win
g m
ater
ials
may
be
usef
ul in
co
llect
ing
data
for t
his c
hapt
er:
• Lo
cal t
ax a
nd la
nd o
ffic
e re
cord
s. •
Map
s pub
lishe
d by
Fed
eral
and
Sta
te a
genc
ies.
• C
omm
erci
al m
aps a
nd c
ount
y pl
at b
ooks
. •
NR
CS
and
FSA
off
ice
reco
rds.
• To
pogr
aphi
c qu
adra
ngle
map
s or D
igita
l Ras
ter G
raph
ics (
DR
G).
• G
eosp
atia
l dat
a la
yers
con
tain
ing
owne
rshi
p in
form
atio
n.
5.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Ow
ners
hip
5.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
. The
geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion.
The
cer
tifie
d lo
catio
n is
uni
que
for e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent.
[NR
I-201
2]
Ow
ners
hip.
For
the
non-
Fede
ral r
ange
and
pas
ture
sam
ples
, the
two
owne
rshi
p ca
tego
ries a
re:
• N
F - N
on-F
eder
al -
Non
-Fed
eral
ow
ners
hip
incl
udes
land
ow
ned
priv
atel
y, o
r by
mun
icip
al, c
ount
y, st
ate,
or I
ndia
n tri
bal a
nd tr
ust l
ands
. •
Fed
- Fed
eral
- A
land
ow
ners
hip
cate
gory
des
igna
ting
land
that
is o
wne
d by
the
Fede
ral
Gov
ernm
ent.
It do
es n
ot in
clud
e, fo
r exa
mpl
e, tr
ust l
ands
adm
inis
tere
d by
the
Bur
eau
of
Indi
an A
ffai
rs (B
IA) o
r the
Ten
ness
ee V
alle
y au
thor
ity (T
VA
). [N
RI-9
2]
For t
he B
LM sa
mpl
e, th
e tw
o ow
ners
hip
cate
gorie
s are
:
• B
LM
- Fe
dera
l BLM
man
aged
- A
Fed
eral
land
ow
ners
hip
subc
ateg
ory
desi
gnat
ing
land
that
is a
dmin
iste
red
by th
e D
epar
tmen
t of I
nter
ior B
urea
u of
Lan
d M
anag
emen
t (B
LM).
• O
th -
Oth
er -
A la
nd o
wne
rshi
p ca
tego
ry d
esig
natin
g la
nd th
at is
not
adm
inis
tere
d by
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f Int
erio
r Bur
eau
of L
and
Man
agem
ent (
BLM
).
5.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Det
erm
ine
corr
ect s
ampl
e po
int l
ocat
ion
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n.
• Th
e co
rrec
t loc
atio
n is
the
certi
fied
poin
t loc
atio
n. O
n-si
te d
ata
colle
ctio
n in
form
atio
n w
ill b
e ga
ther
ed a
t the
cer
tifie
d po
int l
ocat
ion.
2.
Det
erm
ine
owne
rshi
p fo
r the
sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n.
• Th
e on
site
det
erm
inat
ion
of o
wne
rshi
p m
ust b
e ac
cura
te a
nd sh
ould
be
supp
lem
ente
d by
cu
rren
t, au
thor
itativ
e, a
nd a
pplic
able
sour
ces.
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
rang
e an
d pa
stur
e sa
mpl
es, t
he tw
o ow
ners
hip
cate
gorie
s are
: o
N
F - N
on-F
eder
al -
Non
-Fed
eral
ow
ners
hip
incl
udes
land
ow
ned
priv
atel
y, o
r by
mun
icip
al, c
ount
y, st
ate,
or I
ndia
n tri
bal a
nd tr
ust l
ands
. o
Fe
d - F
eder
al -
A la
nd o
wne
rshi
p ca
tego
ry d
esig
natin
g la
nd th
at is
ow
ned
by th
e Fe
dera
l Gov
ernm
ent.
It do
es n
ot in
clud
e, fo
r exa
mpl
e, tr
ust l
ands
adm
inis
tere
d by
the
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Aff
airs
(BIA
) or t
he T
enne
ssee
Val
ley
auth
ority
(TV
A).
O
wne
rshi
p | 5
-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
[NR
I-92]
o
N
ote:
If th
ere
is a
cha
nge
in o
r out
of F
eder
al o
wne
rshi
p, a
not
e is
alw
ays
requ
ired.
•
For t
he B
LM sa
mpl
e, th
e tw
o ow
ners
hip
cate
gorie
s are
: o
B
LM
- Fe
dera
l BLM
man
aged
- A
Fed
eral
land
ow
ners
hip
subc
ateg
ory
desi
gnat
ing
land
that
is a
dmin
iste
red
by th
e D
epar
tmen
t of I
nter
ior B
urea
u of
La
nd M
anag
emen
t (B
LM).
o
Oth
- O
ther
- A
land
ow
ners
hip
cate
gory
des
igna
ting
land
that
is n
ot
adm
inis
tere
d by
the
Dep
artm
ent o
f Int
erio
r Bur
eau
of L
and
Man
agem
ent (
BLM
). o
N
ote:
If th
ere
is a
cha
nge
in o
r out
of F
eder
al o
wne
rshi
p, a
not
e is
alw
ays
requ
ired.
3.
Ente
r the
Ow
ners
hip
cate
gory
und
er c
urre
nt su
rvey
yea
r for
the
sam
ple
poin
t.
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
L
and
Cov
er/U
se
6.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• La
nd c
over
/use
Land
cov
er/u
se sh
ares
the
CA
SI sc
reen
with
Poi
nt L
ocat
ion,
D
ata
Gat
here
r, an
d O
wne
rshi
p.
6.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
Land
cov
er/u
se c
odes
are
upd
ated
to b
e co
nsis
tent
with
the
larg
er N
RI.
The
form
er 2
50 R
ange
land
cod
e is
equ
ival
ent t
o 20
01 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed
as ra
nge.
The
form
er 2
11 -
213
Past
ure
and
Nat
ive
Past
ure
code
s are
equ
ival
ent t
o 20
00 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
or
2200
Scr
ub S
hrub
not
def
ined
as r
ange
. Sel
ectio
n of
the
new
land
cov
er/u
se c
odes
with
in th
e C
ASI
will
ena
ble
data
col
lect
ion
for t
he c
orre
spon
ding
rang
e or
pas
ture
pro
toco
ls. O
ther
cod
es
are
liste
d in
sect
ion
6.5.
2 Ta
ble
1.
Old
Cod
es
New
Cod
es
250
Ran
gela
nd
2001
- Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge
2201
- Scr
ub S
hrub
def
ined
as r
ange
211
- 213
Pas
ture
land
20
00 -
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge
2200
- Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
6.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
Gra
zing
Lan
d O
n-si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
info
rmat
ion
shal
l alw
ays b
e ga
ther
ed a
t as t
he c
ertif
ied
poin
t loc
atio
n. C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
are
the
geog
raph
ic c
oord
inat
e sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI
sam
ple
poin
ts a
nd se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r pho
to-in
terp
rete
d N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is u
niqu
e fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd
segm
ent.
The
site
map
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
certi
fied
poin
t loc
atio
ns sh
ould
be
cons
ider
ed th
e de
finiti
ve so
urce
.
6.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
6.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
Ente
r the
land
cov
er/u
se fo
r eac
h po
int.
6.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
mat
eria
ls m
ay
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
be u
sefu
l in
colle
ctin
g da
ta fo
r thi
s cha
pter
:
• Si
te m
aps
• N
RC
S an
d FS
A o
ffic
e re
cord
s •
Dig
ital O
rthop
hoto
Qua
ds (D
OQ
) •
Dig
ital R
aste
r Gra
phic
s (D
RG
)
6.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Land
Cov
er/U
se
6.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
. The
geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion.
The
cer
tifie
d lo
catio
n is
uni
que
for e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent.
[NR
I 201
2]
Lan
d C
over
/use
. A te
rm th
at in
clud
es c
ateg
orie
s of l
and
cove
r and
cat
egor
ies o
f lan
d us
e. L
and
cove
r is t
he v
eget
atio
n or
oth
er k
ind
of m
ater
ial t
hat c
over
s the
land
surf
ace.
Lan
d us
e is
the
purp
ose
of h
uman
act
ivity
on
the
land
; it i
s usu
ally
, but
not
alw
ays,
rela
ted
to la
nd c
over
. The
N
RI u
ses t
he te
rm "
land
cov
er/u
se"
to id
entif
y th
e ca
tego
ries t
hat a
ccou
nt fo
r all
the
surf
ace
area
in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es [B
S-19
82, N
RI-9
2]
Gra
ssla
nd. A
n ar
ea th
at h
as a
t lea
st 5
0% a
eria
l cov
erag
e of
gra
sses
, gra
ss-li
ke p
lant
s and
/or
forb
s. W
hen
view
ed fr
om a
ver
tical
dire
ctio
n th
ere
mus
t be
less
than
30%
can
opy
cove
r of w
oody
pl
ants
that
gro
w to
a h
eigh
t of l
ess t
han
4 m
eter
s at m
atur
ity a
nd le
ss th
an 2
5 %
can
opy
cove
r of
leav
es a
nd b
ranc
hes o
f tre
es th
at g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f 4 m
eter
s or t
alle
r at m
atur
ity. T
he to
tal a
rea
cove
rage
of s
hrub
s and
tree
s mus
t be
less
than
50
%. T
he m
inim
um a
rea
for
clas
sific
atio
n of
gr
assl
and
is 1
acr
e, a
nd th
e ar
ea m
ust b
e at
leas
t 100
feet
wid
e. [N
RI-2
005]
Gra
ssla
nd is
furth
er c
lass
ified
as e
ither
“ra
ngel
and”
or “
not r
ange
land
.”
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
on w
hich
the
vege
tatio
n is
pr
edom
inat
ely
gras
ses,
gras
s-lik
e pl
ants
, and
/or f
orbs
and
def
ined
as r
ange
land
. Inc
lude
s lan
ds re
-ve
geta
ted
natu
rally
or a
rtific
ially
whe
n ro
utin
e m
anag
emen
t of t
hat v
eget
atio
n is
acc
ompl
ishe
d m
ainl
y th
roug
h m
anip
ulat
ion
of g
razi
ng. [
NR
I-200
5]
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
on w
hich
the
vege
tatio
n is
do
min
ated
by
gras
ses,
gras
s-lik
e pl
ants
, and
/or f
orbs
not
def
ined
as r
ange
land
use
d pr
imar
ily fo
r th
e pr
oduc
tion
of in
trodu
ced
or d
omes
ticat
ed n
ativ
e fo
rage
pla
nts f
or li
vest
ock
graz
ing,
ero
sion
co
ntro
l, w
ildlif
e ha
bita
t, or
recr
eatio
n ar
eas.
Cul
tura
l pra
ctic
es m
ay in
clud
e pe
riodi
c til
lage
, fe
rtiliz
atio
n, m
owin
g w
eed
cont
rol a
nd ir
rigat
ion.
Thi
s cat
egor
y do
es n
ot in
clud
e in
tens
ely
man
aged
turf
gras
s are
as a
roun
d ho
mes
and
bus
ines
ses.
[NR
I-200
5]
Scru
b sh
rub
clas
sific
atio
n cr
iteri
a. S
crub
shru
b: S
crub
shru
b ar
eas m
ust h
ave
at le
ast 3
0%
cano
py c
over
of w
oody
pla
nts t
hat g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f les
s tha
n 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
and
less
than
25
% c
anop
y co
ver o
f tre
es th
at g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f mor
e th
an 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
. The
m
inim
um a
rea
for
clas
sific
atio
n of
scru
b sh
rub
land
ran
gela
nd is
1 a
cre,
and
the
area
mus
t be
at l
east
100
feet
wid
e. [N
RI-
2005
]
Scru
b sh
rub
is fu
rther
cla
ssifi
ed a
s eith
er “
rang
elan
d” o
r “no
t ran
gela
nd.”
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Scru
b sh
rub,
def
ined
as R
ange
land
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y w
ith si
gnifi
cant
num
bers
of
woo
dy p
lant
s tha
t gro
w to
a h
eigh
t of l
ess t
han
4 m
eter
s at m
atur
ity d
efin
ed a
s ran
gela
nd. [
NR
I-20
05]
Scru
b sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
with
sign
ifica
nt n
umbe
rs o
f w
oody
pla
nts t
hat g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f les
s tha
n 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
not
def
ined
as r
ange
land
and
us
ed fo
r liv
esto
ck g
razi
ng, e
rosi
on c
ontro
l, w
ildlif
e ha
bita
t, or
recr
eatio
n ar
eas.
This
cat
egor
y m
ay in
clud
e ab
ando
ned
crop
land
. [N
RI-2
005]
Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
land
on
whi
ch th
e cl
imax
or p
oten
tial p
lant
co
ver i
s com
pose
d pr
inci
pally
of n
ativ
e gr
asse
s, gr
ass-
like
plan
ts, f
orbs
or s
hrub
s sui
tabl
e fo
r gr
azin
g an
d br
owsi
ng, a
nd in
trodu
ced
fora
ge sp
ecie
s tha
t are
man
aged
like
rang
elan
d. T
his w
ould
in
clud
e ar
eas w
here
intro
duce
d ha
rdy
and
pers
iste
nt g
rass
es, s
uch
as c
rest
ed w
heat
gras
s, ar
e pl
ante
d an
d pr
actic
es, s
uch
as d
efer
red
graz
ing,
bur
ning
, cha
inin
g, a
nd ro
tatio
nal g
razi
ng, a
re
used
with
littl
e or
no
chem
ical
s or f
ertil
izer
bei
ng a
pplie
d. G
rass
land
, sav
anna
s, m
any
wet
land
s, so
me
dese
rts, a
nd tu
ndra
are
con
side
red
to b
e ra
ngel
and.
Cer
tain
low
forb
and
shru
b co
mm
uniti
es, s
uch
as m
esqu
ite, c
hapa
rral
, mou
ntai
n sh
rub,
and
pin
yon-
juni
per,
are
also
incl
uded
as
rang
elan
d. [N
RI-9
7]
Past
urel
and.
The
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
of la
nd m
anag
ed p
rimar
ily fo
r the
pro
duct
ion
of
intro
duce
d fo
rage
pla
nts f
or li
vest
ock
graz
ing.
Pas
ture
land
cov
er m
ay c
onsi
st o
f a si
ngle
spec
ies
in a
pur
e st
and,
a g
rass
mix
ture
, or a
gra
ss-le
gum
e m
ixtu
re. M
anag
emen
t usu
ally
con
sist
s of
cultu
ral t
reat
men
ts: f
ertil
izat
ion,
wee
d co
ntro
l, re
seed
ing,
or r
enov
atio
n, a
nd c
ontro
l of g
razi
ng.
For t
he N
RI,
past
urel
and
incl
udes
land
that
has
a v
eget
ativ
e co
ver o
f gra
sses
, leg
umes
, and
/or
forb
s, re
gard
less
of w
heth
er it
is b
eing
gra
zed
by li
vest
ock.
[NR
I-92]
Not
e: D
efin
ition
s for
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
orie
s and
spec
ific
land
cov
er/u
se ty
pes a
re in
an
abrid
ged
glos
sary
of "
NR
I Lan
d C
over
/Use
Ter
ms"
in S
ectio
n 6.
6, S
uppo
rt M
ater
ials
, of t
his
chap
ter.
6.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Iden
tify
the
land
cov
er/u
se fo
r the
are
a w
here
the
sam
ple
poin
t is l
ocat
ed.
• LC
U d
eter
min
atio
ns a
re m
ade
for t
he a
rea
in w
hich
the
sam
ple
poin
t is l
ocat
ed. A
t a
min
imum
, the
are
a m
ust b
e an
acr
e in
size
and
gre
ater
than
100
’ wid
e.
• G
razi
ng la
nd O
n-Si
te D
ata
Col
lect
ion
LCU
info
rmat
ion
will
alw
ays b
e ga
ther
ed a
t the
ce
rtifie
d po
int l
ocat
ion.
2.
Ente
r LC
U in
form
atio
n in
the
CA
SI fo
r the
cur
rent
surv
ey y
ear.
• D
efin
ition
s for
mos
t LC
U c
ateg
orie
s are
in th
e ab
ridge
d gl
ossa
ry o
f NR
I Lan
d C
over
/Use
Te
rms i
n Se
ctio
n 6.
6 - S
uppo
rt M
ater
ials
.
3.
Ente
r the
LC
U so
urce
:
• Fi
eld
- Dir
ect f
ield
obs
erva
tion
- Sel
ect t
his c
hoic
e if
you
wer
e ab
le to
obs
erve
the
land
co
ver/u
se in
the
field
. Inc
lude
d ar
e si
tuat
ions
whe
re y
ou w
ere
able
to d
irect
ly o
bser
ve th
e la
nd c
over
/use
, eve
n if
you
coul
d no
t acc
ess t
he si
te. F
or e
xam
ple,
a la
nd o
wne
r/man
ager
m
ay n
ot h
ave
prov
ided
acc
ess t
o th
e si
te, b
ut y
ou c
lose
eno
ugh
to se
e th
e sa
mpl
e lo
catio
n,
whe
re th
e lo
catio
n w
as v
erifi
ed b
y co
mpa
rison
to th
e si
te m
ap, a
nd y
ou w
ere
able
to
obse
rve
the
land
cov
er/u
se o
f tha
t loc
atio
n.
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
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Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Si
te m
ap -
Ther
e ar
e si
tuat
ions
whe
re th
e si
te m
ap w
ith a
NA
IP im
age
back
grou
nd m
ay
be u
sed
to d
eter
min
e la
nd c
over
/use
of p
oint
s with
in th
e sa
mpl
e se
gmen
t. Th
ese
incl
ude
case
s whe
re:
• N
o fie
ld v
isit
can
be m
ade
(e.g
., th
e la
nd o
wne
r/man
ager
den
ies a
cces
s)
• Pr
escr
eeni
ng o
f site
map
s is u
sed
to d
eter
min
e th
e la
nd c
over
/use
def
inite
ly n
ot e
ligib
le
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n (e
.g.,
a sa
mpl
e po
int i
s loc
ated
in a
wat
erbo
dy)
• O
ther
map
/ im
age
- Use
this
sele
ctio
n to
pro
vide
det
ails
abo
ut th
e m
ap (o
ther
than
the
site
map
) or i
mag
e w
as u
sed
to d
eter
min
e la
nd c
over
/use
whe
n no
site
vis
it co
uld
be
mad
e.
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Lan
d C
over
/Use
D
escr
iptio
n Lan
d C
over
/Use
D
escr
iptio
n 1
Hor
t: Fr
uit
410
Oth
er fa
rmla
nd: C
RP
land
2
Hor
t: N
ut
611
B
arre
n La
nd: S
alt f
lats
3 H
ort:
Vin
eyar
d 6
12
Bar
ren
Land
: Bar
e ex
pose
d ro
ck
4 H
ort:
Bru
sh fr
uit
613
B
arre
n La
nd: S
trip
min
es, g
rave
l pits
, bor
row
pits
5
Hor
t: B
errie
s 6
14
Bar
ren
Land
: Bea
ches
6
Hor
t: O
ther
6
15
Bar
ren
Land
: San
d du
nes
7 N
urse
ries
616
B
arre
n La
nd: M
ixed
bar
ren
land
s 11
R
ow C
rop:
Cor
n 6
17
Bar
ren
Land
: Mud
flat
s, sa
lt ev
apor
ator
pon
ds
12
Row
Cro
p: S
orgh
um
618
B
arre
n La
nd: R
iver
was
h 13
R
ow C
rop:
Soy
bean
s 6
19
Bar
ren
Land
: Oil
was
tela
nd
14
Row
Cro
p: C
otto
n 6
20
Bar
ren
Land
: Oth
er b
arre
n la
nd
15
Row
Cro
p: P
eanu
ts
630
O
ther
rura
l lan
d: P
erm
anen
t sno
w-ic
e 16
R
ow C
rop:
Tob
acco
6
40
Oth
er ru
ral l
and:
Mar
shla
nd
17
Row
Cro
p: S
ugar
bee
ts
641
W
et h
erba
ceou
s Tun
dra
18
Row
Cro
p: P
otat
oes
650
A
ll ot
her l
and
19
Row
Cro
p: O
ther
veg
/truc
k cr
ops
652
N
ot v
eget
ated
con
stru
ctio
n si
te
20
Row
Cro
p: A
ll ot
her r
ow c
rops
7
10
Elig
ible
Are
a 21
R
ow C
rop:
Sun
flow
er
745
R
esid
ence
s and
rela
ted
stru
ctur
es a
nd fe
atur
es
111
Clo
se G
row
n: W
heat
7
46
Agr
icul
tura
l rel
ated
stru
ctur
es a
nd fe
atur
es
112
Clo
se G
row
n: O
ats
815
Tr
ansp
orta
tion:
Pub
lic ro
ads,
4 la
nes o
r gre
ater
11
3 C
lose
Gro
wn:
Ric
e 8
25
Tran
spor
tatio
n: A
ll ot
her p
ublic
pav
ed ro
ads
114
Clo
se G
row
n: B
arle
y 8
45
Tran
spor
tatio
n: A
ll ot
her p
ublic
non
-pav
ed ro
ads
116
Clo
se G
row
n: A
ll ot
her c
lose
gro
wn
860
Tr
ansp
orta
tion:
Rai
lroad
14
4 H
ayla
nd
870
Tr
ansp
orta
tion:
Oth
er ro
ads
170
Oth
er C
ropl
and:
Sum
mer
fallo
w
901
W
ater
body
2-4
0 ac
res
171
Oth
er C
ropl
and:
Aqu
acul
ture
9
02
Wat
erbo
dy le
ss th
an 2
acr
es
180
Oth
er C
ropl
and:
Oth
er-s
et a
side
etc
. 9
13
Pere
nnia
l Stre
am ≥
1/8
mile
wid
e (6
60 ft
) 20
01
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
gela
nd
914
G
laci
al b
ar &
rive
r com
plex
≥1/
8 m
i wid
e (6
60 ft
) 20
00
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
gela
nd
915
Pe
renn
ial s
tream
less
than
1/8
mile
wid
e (6
60 ft
) 22
01
Scru
b sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
gela
nd
916
G
laci
al b
ar &
rive
r com
plex
less
than
1/8
mi w
ide
2200
Sc
rub
shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
land
9
21
Wat
erbo
dy: ≥
40 a
c La
ke
340
Fore
stla
nd
922
W
ater
body
: ≥40
ac
Res
ervo
ir 40
2 C
omm
. fee
dlot
s and
feed
ing
faci
litie
s 9
23
Wat
erbo
dy: ≥
40 a
c B
ay o
r gul
f 40
4 X
mas
tree
s, ag
ro-fo
rest
ry
924
W
ater
body
: ≥40
ac
Estu
ary
405
Mis
cella
neou
s oth
er fa
rmla
nd
937
O
pen
Oce
an
Tab
le 6
-1. L
and
Cov
er/U
se C
odes
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
6.6
Supp
ortin
g M
ater
ials
NR
I Lan
d C
over
/Use
Ter
ms -
Abr
idge
d G
loss
ary
Def
initi
ons
All
othe
r la
nd. A
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
used
to c
lass
ify ru
ral l
and
that
doe
s not
mee
t the
sp
ecifi
catio
ns fo
r any
of t
he o
ther
spec
ific
cove
r/use
cat
egor
ies.
[NR
I-92]
Aqu
acul
ture
in a
cro
p ro
tatio
n. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
aqu
acul
ture
in ro
tatio
n w
ith c
rop
prod
uctio
n. In
clud
es ro
tatio
ns su
ch a
s cra
yfis
h fa
rmin
g af
ter r
ice
prod
uctio
n, so
ybea
ns
rota
ted
afte
r cat
fish
(pla
nted
in d
rain
ed c
atfis
h po
nds)
. [N
RI-9
2]
Bar
ren
land
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y us
ed to
cla
ssify
land
s with
lim
ited
capa
city
to su
ppor
t lif
e an
d ha
ving
less
than
5 p
erce
nt v
eget
ativ
e co
ver.
Veg
etat
ion,
if p
rese
nt, i
s wid
ely
spac
ed.
[NR
I-87]
• Ty
pica
lly, t
he su
rfac
e of
bar
ren
land
is sa
nd, r
ock,
exp
osed
subs
oil,
or sa
lt-af
fect
ed so
ils.
Subc
ateg
orie
s inc
lude
salt
flats
; san
d du
nes;
mud
flat
s; b
each
es; b
are
expo
sed
rock
; qu
arrie
s, st
rip m
ines
, gra
vel p
its, a
nd b
orro
w p
its; r
iver
was
h; o
il w
aste
land
; mix
ed b
arre
n la
nds;
and
oth
er b
arre
n la
nd. [
NR
I-92]
Bay
. A re
cess
in th
e sh
ore
or a
n in
let o
f a se
a be
twee
n tw
o ca
pes o
r hea
dlan
ds, n
ot so
larg
e as
a
gulf,
but
larg
er th
an a
cov
e. [U
SAC
E-19
84]
Bea
ch. A
bar
ren
land
cat
egor
y. In
clud
es th
e ar
ea a
djac
ent t
o th
e sh
ore
of a
n oc
ean,
sea,
larg
e riv
er, o
r lak
e th
at is
was
hed
by th
e tid
e or
wav
es. [
NR
I-92]
Ber
ries
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y un
der h
ortic
ultu
ral c
ropl
and.
Incl
udes
cra
nber
ries (
grow
n in
bo
gs) a
nd st
raw
berr
ies.
[NR
I-92]
Bor
row
pit.
A u
se c
ateg
ory
unde
r the
land
cov
er c
ateg
ory
of b
arre
n. [N
RI-9
2]
Bus
h fr
uit.
A u
se c
ateg
ory
unde
r the
land
cov
er c
ateg
ory
horti
cultu
ral c
ropl
and.
[NR
I-92]
Cer
tifie
d lo
catio
ns. T
he g
eogr
aphi
c co
ordi
nate
syst
em d
escr
iptio
ns o
f NR
I sam
ple
poin
ts a
nd
segm
ents
that
acc
urat
ely
desc
ribe
the
loca
tion
of e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent i
n pr
ior N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is u
niqu
e fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t. [N
RI 2
012]
Clo
se g
row
n cr
ops.
Cro
ps th
at a
re g
ener
ally
dril
l-see
ded
or b
road
cast
, suc
h as
whe
at, o
ats,
rice,
ba
rley,
and
flax
. [B
S-19
82]
Con
serv
atio
n R
eser
ve P
rogr
am L
and
(CR
P). A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
land
un
der a
CR
P co
ntra
ct. [
NR
I-97]
Cro
plan
d. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
are
as u
sed
for t
he p
rodu
ctio
n of
ada
pted
cro
ps
for h
arve
st. T
wo
subc
ateg
orie
s of c
ropl
and
are
reco
gniz
ed: c
ultiv
ated
and
non
culti
vate
d.
Cul
tivat
ed la
nd c
ompr
ises
land
in ro
w c
rops
or c
lose
-gro
wn
crop
s and
als
o ot
her c
ultiv
ated
cr
opla
nd, f
or e
xam
ple,
hay
land
or p
astu
rela
nd th
at is
in a
rota
tion
with
row
or c
lose
-gro
wn
crop
s. N
oncu
ltiva
ted
crop
land
incl
udes
per
man
ent h
ayla
nd a
nd h
ortic
ultu
ral c
ropl
and.
[NR
I-97]
Dam
s, sp
illw
ays a
nd le
vees
. Dam
s, sp
illw
ays,
and
leve
es th
at a
re h
ard-
surf
aced
(not
ear
then
) are
co
nsid
ered
elig
ible
are
as. H
owev
er, s
ome
earth
en st
ruct
ures
are
con
side
red
elig
ible
are
as to
o.
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
7
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Incl
ude
all e
arth
en d
ams a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith la
rge
wat
erbo
dies
(40
acre
s or g
reat
er) a
nd la
rge
stre
ams
(660
feet
or g
reat
er in
wid
th) a
s elig
ible
are
as. A
lso
incl
ude
othe
r dam
s gre
ater
than
300
feet
in
leng
th a
s elig
ible
are
as. H
owev
er, n
ever
incl
ude
earth
en d
ams a
s elig
ible
are
as w
hen
the
wat
erbo
dy is
less
than
40
acre
s. Th
at p
art o
f an
earth
en le
vee
that
bor
ders
an
elig
ible
are
a is
co
nsid
ered
par
t of t
he e
ligib
le a
rea.
Ear
then
leve
es, n
ot c
lass
ified
as e
ligib
le a
reas
, cov
ered
by
publ
ic ro
ads a
re c
lass
ified
as t
rans
porta
tion.
All
othe
r lev
ees t
hat a
re e
arth
en a
re g
iven
land
co
ver/u
se o
f the
veg
etat
ion
cove
ring
the
leve
e. [N
RI-0
7]
Elig
ible
are
as. A
reas
that
incl
ude
airp
orts
; apa
rtmen
t bui
ldin
gs, r
ow h
ouse
s, an
d ad
jace
nt p
arki
ng
area
s; c
emet
erie
s; d
ams,
spill
way
s, an
d le
vees
(for
furth
er d
irect
ion
on e
arth
en le
vees
see
“dam
s, sp
illw
ays,
and
leve
es”)
; ga
s sta
tions
; gol
f cou
rses
; ins
titut
iona
l site
s; in
dust
rial/c
omm
erci
al si
tes;
pa
rkin
g fa
cilit
ies;
pla
ygro
und
area
s and
par
ks; p
ublic
adm
inis
tratio
n si
tes;
sani
tary
land
fills
; and
se
wag
e tre
atm
ent p
lant
s. [N
RI-0
5]
Est
uary
. A p
eren
nial
tida
lly in
fluen
ced
body
of w
ater
exi
stin
g w
here
a ri
ver m
eets
the
sea.
Oce
an
wat
er is
at l
east
occ
asio
nally
dilu
ted
by fr
eshw
ater
. [N
RI-9
7]
Fallo
w. C
ropl
and
whi
ch h
as b
een
left
idle
, eith
er ti
lled
or u
ntill
ed, d
urin
g th
e w
hole
or g
reat
er
porti
on o
f the
gro
win
g se
ason
. [SC
SA]
Fore
st la
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
is a
t lea
st 1
0 pe
rcen
t sto
cked
by
sing
le-s
tem
med
w
oody
spec
ies o
f any
size
that
will
be
at le
ast 4
met
ers (
13 fe
et) t
all a
t mat
urity
. Als
o in
clud
ed is
la
nd b
earin
g ev
iden
ce o
f nat
ural
rege
nera
tion
of tr
ee c
over
(cut
over
fore
st o
r aba
ndon
ed
farm
land
) and
not
cur
rent
ly d
evel
oped
for n
on-fo
rest
use
. Ten
per
cent
stoc
ked,
whe
n vi
ewed
fr
om a
ver
tical
dire
ctio
n is
a c
anop
y co
ver o
f lea
ves a
nd b
ranc
hes o
f 25
perc
ent o
r gre
ater
. The
m
inim
um a
rea
for c
lass
ifica
tion
of fo
rest
land
is 1
acr
e, a
nd th
e ar
ea m
ust b
e at
leas
t 100
feet
w
ide.
[NR
I-92]
Gra
ssla
nd. A
n ar
ea th
at h
as a
t lea
st 5
0% a
eria
l cov
erag
e of
gra
sses
, gra
ss-li
ke p
lant
s and
/or
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
8
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
forb
s. W
hen
view
ed fr
om a
ver
tical
dire
ctio
n th
ere
mus
t be
less
than
30%
can
opy
cove
r of w
oody
pl
ants
that
gro
w to
a h
eigh
t of l
ess t
han
4 m
eter
s at m
atur
ity a
nd le
ss th
an 2
5 %
can
opy
cove
r of
leav
es a
nd b
ranc
hes o
f tre
es th
at g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f 4 m
eter
s or t
alle
r at m
atur
ity. T
he to
tal a
rea
cove
rage
of s
hrub
s and
tree
s mus
t be
less
than
50
%. T
he m
inim
um a
rea
for
clas
sific
atio
n of
gr
assl
and
is 1
acr
e, a
nd th
e ar
ea m
ust b
e at
leas
t 100
feet
wid
e. [N
RI-2
005]
Gra
ssla
nd is
furth
er c
lass
ified
as e
ither
“ra
ngel
and”
or “
not r
ange
land
.”
Gra
ssla
nd D
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
on w
hich
the
vege
tatio
n is
pr
edom
inat
ely
gras
ses,
gras
s-lik
e pl
ants
, and
/or f
orbs
and
def
ined
as r
ange
land
. Inc
lude
s lan
ds re
-ve
geta
ted
natu
rally
or a
rtific
ially
whe
n ro
utin
e m
anag
emen
t of t
hat v
eget
atio
n is
acc
ompl
ishe
d m
ainl
y th
roug
h m
anip
ulat
ion
of g
razi
ng. [
NR
I-200
5]
Gra
ssla
nd N
ot D
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
on w
hich
the
vege
tatio
n is
do
min
ated
by
gras
ses,
gras
s-lik
e pl
ants
, and
/or f
orbs
not
def
ined
as r
ange
land
use
d pr
imar
ily fo
r th
e pr
oduc
tion
of in
trodu
ced
or d
omes
ticat
ed n
ativ
e fo
rage
pla
nts f
or li
vest
ock
graz
ing,
ero
sion
co
ntro
l, w
ildlif
e ha
bita
t, or
recr
eatio
n ar
eas.
Cul
tura
l pra
ctic
es m
ay in
clud
e pe
riodi
c til
lage
, fe
rtiliz
atio
n, m
owin
g w
eed
cont
rol,
and
irrig
atio
n. T
his c
ateg
ory
does
not
incl
ude
inte
nsel
y m
anag
ed tu
rfgr
ass a
reas
aro
und
hom
es a
nd b
usin
esse
s. [N
RI-2
005]
Gra
vel p
it. A
bar
ren
land
- la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y. A
n ar
ea fr
om w
hich
gra
vel i
s ext
ract
ed.
[NR
I-92]
Gul
f. A
rela
tivel
y la
rge
porti
on o
f sea
, par
tially
enc
lose
d by
land
. [A
SCE-
Nom
encl
atur
e of
H
ydra
ulic
s]
Hay
land
. A su
bcat
egor
y of
cro
plan
d m
anag
ed fo
r the
pro
duct
ion
of fo
rage
cro
ps th
at a
re
mac
hine
har
vest
ed. T
hese
cro
ps m
ay b
e gr
asse
s, le
gum
es, o
r a c
ombi
natio
n. H
ayla
nd a
lso
incl
udes
land
in se
t-asi
de o
r oth
er sh
ort-t
erm
agr
icul
tura
l pro
gram
s. [N
RI-9
2]
Hor
ticul
tura
l cro
plan
d. A
subc
ateg
ory
of c
ropl
and
used
for g
row
ing
frui
t, nu
t, be
rry,
vin
eyar
d,
and
othe
r bus
h fr
uit a
nd si
mila
r cro
ps. C
omm
erci
al fl
ower
ope
ratio
ns in
clud
ing
bulb
and
seed
pr
oduc
tion,
orn
amen
tal c
uttin
g, a
nd sa
les a
re in
clud
ed. [
NR
I-92]
Lak
e. A
nat
ural
inla
nd b
ody
of w
ater
, fre
sh o
r sal
t, of
40
acre
s or l
arge
r occ
upyi
ng a
bas
in o
r ho
llow
on
the
Earth
’s su
rfac
e, a
nd w
hich
may
or m
ay n
ot h
ave
a cu
rren
t or s
ingl
e di
rect
ion
of
flow
. [N
RI-9
7]
Leg
ume-
gras
s. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
unde
r hay
land
, and
is c
ompo
sed
of a
mix
ture
of
legu
mes
and
gra
sses
. [N
RI-9
2]
Mar
shla
nd. A
subc
ateg
ory
of th
e la
nd c
over
/use
Oth
er R
ural
Lan
d de
scrib
ed a
s a n
on-fo
rest
ed
area
of l
and
parti
ally
or i
nter
mitt
ently
cov
ered
with
wat
er c
hara
cter
ized
by
the
pres
ence
of
mon
ocot
yled
ons,
such
as s
edge
s and
rush
es. T
hese
are
as a
re u
sual
ly in
a w
etla
nd c
lass
and
are
not
pl
aced
in a
noth
er N
RI l
and
cove
r/use
cat
egor
y, su
ch a
s ran
gela
nd o
r pas
ture
land
. [N
RI-9
2]
Mud
flat
. A la
nd/c
over
use
subc
ateg
ory
unde
r bar
ren
land
. A m
ud a
rea
with
less
than
5 p
erce
nt
vege
tativ
e co
ver.
[NR
I-92]
Nur
seri
es. 0
07 N
urse
ry p
rodu
ctio
n ar
eas
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
9
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Nut
. A c
ateg
ory
unde
r the
land
cov
er/u
se d
ata
elem
ent o
f cro
plan
d, h
ortic
ultu
ral c
rops
. [N
RI-9
2]
Oil
was
tela
nd. A
cat
egor
y un
der t
he la
nd c
over
cat
egor
y of
bar
ren
land
. [N
RI-9
2]
Oth
er c
ropl
and
not p
lant
ed. A
cat
egor
y un
der t
he la
nd c
over
cat
egor
y of
Oth
er la
nd. I
t may
in
clud
e cr
opla
nd in
USD
A se
t-asi
de o
r sim
ilar s
hort-
term
pro
gram
s. [N
RI-9
2]
Oth
er la
nd in
farm
s. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
land
use
d fo
r fie
ld w
indb
reak
s, co
mm
erci
al fe
edlo
ts, g
reen
hous
es, n
urse
ries,
poul
try fa
cilit
ies,
and
airp
lane
land
ing
strip
s tha
t are
no
t ass
ocia
ted
with
farm
stea
ds. T
hese
are
as a
re n
ot c
lass
ified
as p
art o
f cro
plan
d, p
astu
rela
nd,
rang
elan
d, fo
rest
land
, bar
ren
land
, far
mst
eads
and
ranc
h he
adqu
arte
rs, o
r rur
al tr
ansp
orta
tion.
[N
RI-9
2]
Oth
er r
ural
land
. A la
nd c
over
/use
hea
ding
und
er w
hich
are
the
cate
gorie
s of p
erm
anen
t sno
w
and
ice
field
s, an
d m
arsh
land
. [N
RI-9
2]
Past
urel
and.
The
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
of la
nd m
anag
ed p
rimar
ily fo
r the
pro
duct
ion
of
intro
duce
d fo
rage
pla
nts f
or li
vest
ock
graz
ing.
Pas
ture
land
cov
er m
ay c
onsi
st o
f a si
ngle
spec
ies
in a
pur
e st
and,
a g
rass
mix
ture
, or a
gra
ss-le
gum
e m
ixtu
re. M
anag
emen
t usu
ally
con
sist
s of
cultu
ral t
reat
men
ts: f
ertil
izat
ion,
wee
d co
ntro
l, re
seed
ing,
or r
enov
atio
n, a
nd c
ontro
l of g
razi
ng.
For t
he N
RI,
past
urel
and
incl
udes
land
that
has
a v
eget
ativ
e co
ver o
f gra
sses
, leg
umes
, and
/or
forb
s, re
gard
less
of w
heth
er it
is b
eing
gra
zed
by li
vest
ock.
[NR
I-92]
Pere
nnia
l str
eam
. A st
ream
or r
each
of a
stre
am th
at n
orm
ally
flow
s con
tinuo
usly
thro
ugho
ut th
e ye
ar. [
NSS
H-9
6] A
nat
ural
or a
rtific
ial w
ater
cour
se, w
hich
con
tinuo
usly
con
tain
s wat
er a
nd
norm
ally
flow
s. [N
RI-9
7]
Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
that
incl
udes
land
on
whi
ch th
e cl
imax
or p
oten
tial p
lant
co
ver i
s com
pose
d pr
inci
pally
of n
ativ
e gr
asse
s, gr
ass-
like
plan
ts, f
orbs
or s
hrub
s sui
tabl
e fo
r gr
azin
g an
d br
owsi
ng, a
nd in
trodu
ced
fora
ge sp
ecie
s tha
t are
man
aged
like
rang
elan
d. T
his w
ould
in
clud
e ar
eas w
here
intro
duce
d ha
rdy
and
pers
iste
nt g
rass
es, s
uch
as c
rest
ed w
heat
gras
s, ar
e pl
ante
d an
d pr
actic
es, s
uch
as d
efer
red
graz
ing,
bur
ning
, cha
inin
g, a
nd ro
tatio
nal g
razi
ng, a
re
used
with
littl
e or
no
chem
ical
s or f
ertil
izer
bei
ng a
pplie
d. G
rass
land
, sav
anna
s, m
any
wet
land
s, so
me
dese
rts, a
nd tu
ndra
are
con
side
red
to b
e ra
ngel
and.
Cer
tain
low
forb
and
shru
b co
mm
uniti
es, s
uch
as m
esqu
ite, c
hapa
rral
, mou
ntai
n sh
rub,
and
pin
yon-
juni
per,
are
also
incl
uded
as
rang
elan
d. [N
RI-9
7]
Res
ervo
ir. A
pon
d, la
ke, b
asin
, or o
ther
spac
e, c
reat
ed in
who
le o
r in
part
by th
e bu
ildin
g of
en
gine
erin
g st
ruct
ures
, tha
t is u
sed
for t
he st
orag
e, re
gula
tion,
and
con
trol o
f wat
er. [
NR
I-97]
Riv
er w
ash.
A la
nd c
over
/use
subc
ateg
ory
unde
r bar
ren
land
. Bar
ren
allu
vial
are
a, u
sual
ly
cour
se-te
xtur
ed, e
xpos
ed a
long
stre
ams a
t low
wat
er a
nd su
bjec
t to
shift
ing
durin
g no
rmal
hig
h w
ater
. [N
RI-2
000]
Row
cro
ps. A
subs
et o
f the
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
Cro
plan
d (s
ubca
tego
ry, c
ultiv
ated
) co
mpr
isin
g la
nd in
row
cro
ps, s
uch
as c
orn,
soyb
eans
, pea
nuts
, pot
atoe
s, so
rghu
m, s
ugar
bee
ts,
sunf
low
ers,
toba
cco,
veg
etab
les,
and
cotto
n. [N
RI-9
7]
Rur
al tr
ansp
orta
tion
land
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y w
hich
con
sist
s of a
ll hi
ghw
ays,
road
s, ra
ilroa
ds, a
nd a
ssoc
iate
d rig
hts-
of-w
ay o
utsi
de u
rban
and
bui
lt-up
are
as. A
lso
incl
udes
priv
ate
La
nd C
over
/Use
| 6-
10
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
road
s to
farm
or r
anch
hea
dqua
rters
, log
ging
road
s, an
d ot
her p
rivat
e ro
ads (
field
lane
s are
not
in
clud
ed).
[NR
I-92]
Sand
dun
es. A
land
/cov
er u
se su
bcat
egor
y un
der b
arre
n la
nd. A
sand
are
a w
ith le
ss th
an 5
pe
rcen
t veg
etat
ive
cove
r. A
n ac
cum
ulat
ion
of lo
ose
sand
hea
ped
by th
e w
ind,
com
mon
ly fo
und
alon
g lo
w-ly
ing
seas
hore
s abo
ve h
igh-
tide
leve
l, m
ore
rare
ly o
n th
e bo
rder
of l
arge
lake
s or r
iver
va
lleys
, as w
ell a
s in
vario
us d
eser
t reg
ions
, whe
re th
ere
is a
bund
ant d
ry su
rfac
e sa
nd d
urin
g so
me
part
of th
e ye
ar. (
Glo
ssar
y of
Geo
logy
, Am
eric
an G
eolo
gica
l Ins
titut
e). [
NR
I-92]
Scru
b sh
rub
clas
sific
atio
n cr
iteri
a. S
crub
shru
b: S
crub
shru
b ar
eas m
ust h
ave
at le
ast 3
0%
cano
py c
over
of w
oody
pla
nts t
hat g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f les
s tha
n 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
and
less
than
25
% c
anop
y co
ver o
f tre
es th
at g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f mor
e th
an 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
. The
m
inim
um a
rea
for
clas
sific
atio
n of
scru
b sh
rub
land
ran
gela
nd is
1 a
cre,
and
the
area
mus
t be
at l
east
100
feet
wid
e. [N
RI-
2005
]
Scru
b sh
rub
is fu
rther
cla
ssifi
ed a
s eith
er “
rang
elan
d” o
r “no
t ran
gela
nd.”
Scru
b sh
rub,
def
ined
as R
ange
land
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y w
ith si
gnifi
cant
num
bers
of
woo
dy p
lant
s tha
t gro
w to
a h
eigh
t of l
ess t
han
4 m
eter
s at m
atur
ity d
efin
ed a
s ran
gela
nd. [
NR
I-20
05]
Scru
b sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s Ran
gela
nd. A
land
cov
er/u
se c
ateg
ory
with
sign
ifica
nt n
umbe
rs o
f w
oody
pla
nts t
hat g
row
to a
hei
ght o
f les
s tha
n 4
met
ers a
t mat
urity
not
def
ined
as r
ange
land
and
us
ed fo
r liv
esto
ck g
razi
ng, e
rosi
on c
ontro
l, w
ildlif
e ha
bita
t, or
recr
eatio
n ar
eas.
This
cat
egor
y m
ay in
clud
e ab
ando
ned
crop
land
. [N
RI-2
005]
Urb
an a
nd b
uilt-
up a
reas
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y co
nsis
ting
of re
side
ntia
l, in
dust
rial,
com
mer
cial
, and
inst
itutio
nal l
and;
con
stru
ctio
n si
tes;
pub
lic a
dmin
istra
tive
site
s; ra
ilroa
d ya
rds;
ce
met
erie
s; a
irpor
ts; g
olf c
ours
es; s
anita
ry la
ndfil
ls; s
ewag
e tre
atm
ent p
lant
s; w
ater
con
trol
stru
ctur
es a
nd sp
illw
ays;
oth
er la
nd u
sed
for s
uch
purp
oses
; sm
all p
arks
(les
s tha
n 10
acr
es)
with
in u
rban
and
bui
lt-up
are
as; a
nd h
ighw
ays,
railr
oads
, and
oth
er tr
ansp
orta
tion
faci
litie
s if t
hey
are
surr
ound
ed b
y ur
ban
area
s. A
lso
incl
uded
are
trac
ts o
f les
s tha
n 10
acr
es th
at d
o no
t mee
t the
ab
ove
defin
ition
, but
are
com
plet
ely
surr
ound
ed b
y ur
ban
and
built
-up
land
. Tw
o si
ze c
ateg
orie
s ar
e re
cogn
ized
in th
e N
RI:
area
s 0.2
5 to
10
acre
s, an
d ar
eas o
f at l
east
10
acre
s. [N
RI-9
2]
Wat
er a
reas
. A la
nd c
over
/use
cat
egor
y th
at c
ompr
isin
g w
ater
bodi
es a
nd st
ream
s tha
t are
pe
rman
ent o
pen
wat
er. [
NRI
-97]
Wat
erbo
dy. A
type
of (
perm
anen
t ope
n) w
ater
are
a th
at in
clud
es p
onds
, lak
es, r
eser
voirs
, bay
s, gu
lfs, a
nd e
stua
ries.
Ther
e ar
e th
ree
size
cat
egor
ies:
less
than
2 a
cres
, 2 to
40
acre
s, an
d at
leas
t 40
acre
s. [N
RI-1
997]
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
L
ands
cape
and
Soi
ls
7.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• D
ate
of F
ield
Vis
it •
NA
SIS
SSA
ID
• N
ASI
S M
USY
M
• So
il co
mpo
nent
nam
e an
d so
il co
mpo
nent
ID
• V
ertic
al S
lope
Sha
pe
• H
oriz
onta
l Slo
pe S
hape
•
Slop
e pe
rcen
t •
Slop
e le
ngth
•
Slop
e as
pect
7.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
7.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
7.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
On-
site
dat
a co
llect
ion
info
rmat
ion
will
be
gath
ered
at t
he c
ertif
ied
poin
t loc
atio
n. C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
are
the
geog
raph
ic c
oord
inat
e sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
segm
ents
th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r pho
to-in
terp
rete
d N
RI
data
col
lect
ion.
The
cer
tifie
d lo
catio
n is
uni
que
for e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent.
The
site
map
re
pres
enta
tion
of th
e ce
rtifie
d po
int l
ocat
ions
shou
ld b
e co
nsid
ered
the
defin
itive
sour
ce.
It is
impo
rtant
that
the
corre
ct a
nd a
ctua
l soi
l map
uni
t and
soil
com
pone
nt n
ames
and
ID’s
be
iden
tifie
d at
the
poin
t. If
desi
gnat
ions
hav
e ch
ange
d, u
pdat
ed, o
r are
diff
eren
t fro
m p
ast
dete
rmin
atio
ns (i
.e.,
on si
te id
entif
icat
ion
or so
il su
rvey
repo
rts),
mak
e an
ent
ry in
to th
e no
tes
sect
ion
of th
e C
ASI
.
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
7.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
7.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
land
scap
e an
d so
il da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, la
ndsc
ape
and
soil
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e la
ndsc
ape
and
soil
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
7.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
m
ater
ials
are
requ
ired:
• Th
e O
ffic
ial C
opy
of th
e la
test
pub
lishe
d so
il su
rvey
repo
rt or
set o
f map
s gen
erat
ed fr
om
digi
tal d
ata
with
app
ropr
iate
attr
ibut
e da
ta re
fere
nced
in S
ectio
n II,
Fie
ld O
ffic
e Te
chni
cal G
uide
. •
Off
icia
l map
uni
t leg
end
in N
ASI
S
7.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Dat
e of
Fie
ld V
isit
7.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s N
one
7.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1. E
nter
the
date
the
poin
t was
vis
ited
in th
e fie
ld. T
his i
nfor
mat
ion
will
be
used
to d
eter
min
e cl
imat
ic c
ondi
tions
for t
he d
ate
of th
e fie
ld v
isit.
• If
the
data
logg
er sy
stem
dat
e is
set c
orre
ctly
, the
cor
rect
dat
e w
ill b
e di
spla
yed
in th
e ca
lend
ar p
ull-d
own
win
dow
. •
If th
e da
ta lo
gger
syst
em d
ate
is n
ot se
t cor
rect
ly, a
djus
t the
dat
e to
refle
ct th
e cu
rren
t dat
e us
ing
the
cale
ndar
adj
ustm
ents
. •
To a
djus
t the
syst
em d
ate
on th
e da
ta lo
gger
, go
to S
tart/
Setti
ngs/
Syst
em/C
lock
7.6
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Soil
Com
pone
nt N
ame
and
Soil
Com
pone
nt ID
#
7.6.
1 D
efin
ition
s C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
. The
geo
grap
hic
coor
dina
te sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t in
prio
r NR
I dat
a
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is u
niqu
e fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t. [N
RI-2
012]
Soil
surv
ey. T
he sy
stem
atic
exa
min
atio
n, d
escr
iptio
n, c
lass
ifica
tion,
and
map
ping
of s
oils
in a
n ar
ea. T
he U
SDA
-NR
CS
Soil
Surv
ey P
rogr
am p
rodu
ces S
oil S
urve
y R
epor
ts, w
hich
gen
eral
ly
cons
ist o
f fou
r prin
cipa
l par
ts: (
1) m
aps,
(2) a
map
lege
nd, (
3) a
des
crip
tion
of so
ils in
the
surv
ey
area
, and
(4) a
use
and
man
agem
ent r
epor
t. Th
e su
rvey
are
a co
mm
only
is a
sing
le c
ount
y bu
t may
co
mpr
ise
parts
of c
ount
ies,
phys
iogr
aphi
c re
gion
s, or
oth
er m
anag
emen
t are
as. [
NR
I-97]
Nat
iona
l Soi
l Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
(NA
SIS)
. The
Nat
iona
l Soi
l Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
inte
grat
es
soil
surv
ey in
form
atio
n, o
pera
tions
, and
man
agem
ent.
It di
vide
s soi
l sur
vey
data
into
four
maj
or
cate
gorie
s: 1
) map
uni
t rec
ords
, 2) g
eogr
aphi
c ar
ea re
cord
s, 3)
poi
nt c
hara
cter
istic
s, an
d 4)
st
anda
rds,
crite
ria, a
nd g
uide
lines
. The
syst
em a
lso
incl
udes
anc
illar
y to
ols,
func
tions
, and
reco
rds
to a
ssur
e th
e se
curit
y, in
tegr
ity, a
nd u
tility
of t
he so
il su
rvey
dat
a. [N
SSH
]
Soil
Surv
ey A
rea
ID (S
SAID
). A
con
cate
natio
n of
Sta
te a
lpha
FIP
S co
de a
nd th
e So
il Su
rvey
A
rea
ID (S
SAID
) num
ber.
Exam
ple:
CO
017
[NA
SIS]
Map
uni
t sym
bol (
MU
SYM
). Th
e sy
mbo
l use
d to
uni
quel
y id
entif
y th
e so
il m
ap u
nit i
n th
e so
il su
rvey
. [N
ASI
S].
Soil
map
uni
t. A
col
lect
ion
of so
il ar
eas o
r mis
cella
neou
s are
as d
elin
eate
d in
a so
il su
rvey
(c
ombi
ned
indi
vidu
al d
elin
eatio
ns th
at a
re id
entif
ied
by a
uni
que
sym
bol i
n a
surv
ey a
rea
repr
esen
t one
soil
map
uni
t). [N
SSH
]
Soil
com
pone
nt n
ame.
Sep
arat
e in
divi
dual
soils
with
indi
vidu
al p
rope
rties
gro
uped
toge
ther
for
sim
plic
ity’s
sake
whe
n ch
arac
teriz
ing
the
map
uni
t. [N
SSH
]
Soil
com
pone
nt ID
#. A
uni
que
iden
tific
atio
n nu
mbe
r tha
t lin
ks a
soil
com
pone
nt to
its N
ASI
S in
terp
reta
tion
data
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
7.6.
2 Pr
oced
ure
The
CA
SI w
ill d
ispl
ay th
e SS
AID
(soi
l sur
vey
area
sym
bol)
and
map
uni
t sym
bol (
MU
SYM
) as
non-
edita
ble
field
s. Th
ese
sym
bols
will
com
e fr
om th
e SS
UR
GO
GIS
link
whe
re a
vaila
ble,
not
fr
om th
e hi
stor
ic N
RI e
ntrie
s. M
ost S
SAID
s are
est
ablis
hed
even
if th
e M
USY
M is
not
. If o
ne o
r bo
th o
f the
se a
re m
issi
ng, t
he fi
eld(
s) w
ill b
e sh
own
as b
lank
in th
e C
ASI
.
Any
soils
com
pone
nt ID
and
nam
e re
cord
ed d
urin
g an
ear
lier N
RI g
razi
ng la
nd o
n-si
te su
rvey
w
ill b
e di
spla
yed
in th
e C
ASI
His
toric
al S
oil C
ompo
nent
Nam
e an
d ID
fiel
d fo
r ver
ifica
tion
purp
oses
.
Det
erm
ine/
verif
y th
e so
il co
mpo
nent
nea
r the
poi
nt w
here
the
two
trans
ects
inte
rsec
t (75
-ft m
rk).
1.
For e
ach
sam
ple
poin
t, di
g a
smal
l hol
e (1
-2 sh
ovel
wid
ths i
n di
amet
er) t
o a
dept
h of
at l
east
20
inch
es u
nles
s the
soil
is sh
allo
w (t
hen
dig
to so
il de
pth)
. Cut
a c
lean
face
on
one
side
, be
ing
care
ful t
o av
oid
dist
urbi
ng th
e so
il su
rfac
e at
the
top
of th
is o
ne si
de o
f the
pit.
Do
not
step
eve
n a
sing
le ti
me
on th
at p
rese
rved
side
of t
he p
it. If
dis
turb
ed, s
impl
y sh
ave
off t
he
face
of t
he p
rofil
e ba
ck to
the
poin
t of n
o di
stur
banc
e.
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ndsc
ape
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ary
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ng L
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ctio
n H
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ook
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stru
ctio
ns
2.
Posi
tion
a ta
pe m
easu
re a
long
the
prof
ile d
epth
, w
ith th
e ze
ro-m
ark
of th
e ta
pe a
t the
top
of th
e pr
ofile
(i.e
., th
e so
il su
rfac
e). T
ake
a ve
rtica
l ph
otog
raph
of t
he p
rofil
e fa
ce (F
igur
e 7-
1). H
old
the
cam
era
as lo
w a
s pos
sibl
e in
ord
er to
cap
ture
al
l of o
ne si
de o
f the
pit,
in fo
cus f
rom
surf
ace
to
botto
m. I
deal
ly, t
he e
ntire
face
is c
ompl
etel
y in
the
sun
or sh
ade,
and
the
entir
e fa
ce is
cap
ture
d in
one
ph
oto.
If n
eces
sary
, tak
e tw
o ph
otos
, one
with
and
w
ithou
t fla
sh. I
f you
are
una
ble
to g
et a
cle
ar
pict
ure
of th
e so
il pi
t or i
f you
take
a so
il co
re, l
ay
the
soil
horiz
ons o
ut in
ord
er a
nd ta
ke a
pho
to.
(See
Cha
pter
3 fo
r add
ition
al re
quire
d on
-site
ph
otos
.)
3.
Con
duct
soil
eval
uatio
n (h
and
soil
text
ure,
and
ot
her s
oil a
nd to
pogr
aphi
c (e
.g. s
lope
) pro
perti
es).
4.
Sele
ct th
e so
il co
mpo
nent
nam
e an
d ID
. The
CA
SI
will
pro
vide
a d
rop-
dow
n ch
oice
list
.
• Th
e ch
oice
list
is b
ased
on
soil
com
pone
nts
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e SS
AID
and
MU
SYM
. •
If th
e so
il co
mpo
nent
iden
tifie
d at
the
site
is
not i
n th
e C
ASI
cho
ice
list,
sele
ct “
Oth
er”.
5.
For a
ll sa
mpl
e po
ints
, rec
ord
for e
ach
min
eral
soil
horiz
on to
at l
east
20
inch
es:
• D
epth
in in
ches
from
the
soil
surf
ace
• Te
xtur
e, a
s det
erm
ined
by
hand
(Fig
ures
7-3
an
d 7-
4, T
able
7-1
) •
Soil
text
ure
mod
ifier
or t
he e
stim
ated
%-ro
ck
frag
men
t con
tent
by
volu
me
(Tab
le 7
-2)
• Ef
ferv
esce
nce
clas
s usi
ng 1
N o
r 1M
HCl
(T
able
7-3
) •
Any
unu
sual
feat
ures
, suc
h as
redo
xim
orph
ic
feat
ures
(mot
tles)
, CaC
O3 (
calic
he) n
odul
es,
conc
retio
ns, e
tc.
6.
Bas
ed o
n th
e da
ta c
olle
ctio
n te
am k
now
ledg
e of
th
e lo
cal s
oils
, sel
ect a
con
fiden
ce ra
ting
for t
he
soil
com
pone
nt d
eter
min
atio
n fr
om th
e pr
ovid
ed
choi
ce li
st.
Figu
re 7
-1. E
xam
ple
of so
il pi
t with
ta
pe m
easu
re p
ositi
oned
to ta
ke a
ph
oto.
Figu
re 7
-2. R
emov
ing
sam
ples
by
horiz
on fr
om so
il pi
t allo
ws t
he d
ata
colle
ctor
to e
asily
des
crib
e th
e te
xtur
e an
d ef
ferv
esce
nce
for e
ach
horiz
on.
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ctio
n H
andb
ook
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stru
ctio
ns
Figu
re 7
-3. G
uide
1 to d
eter
min
ing
soil
text
ure
by fe
el.
1 Mod
ified
from
S.J.
Thi
en. 1
979.
A fl
ow d
iagr
am fo
r tea
chin
g te
xtur
e by
feel
ana
lysi
s. Jo
urna
l of A
gron
omic
Edu
catio
n. 8
:54-
55.
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ctio
n H
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ook
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stru
ctio
ns
Figu
re 7
-4. T
extu
re tr
iang
le sh
owin
g th
e pr
opor
tion
of sa
nd, s
ilt, a
nd c
lay.
Tab
le 7
-1. S
oil T
extu
re C
odes
bas
ed o
n te
xtur
e cl
ass (
reco
rd th
e C
ode
in th
e C
ASI
).
Tex
ture
Cla
ss o
r Su
bcla
ss
Cod
e T
extu
re C
lass
or
Subc
lass
C
ode
Coa
rse
sand
co
s V
ery
Fine
San
dy L
oam
vf
sl
Sand
s
Loam
l
Fine
San
d fs
Si
lt Lo
am
sil
Ver
y Fi
ne S
and
vfs
Silt
si
l Lo
amy
Coa
rse
Sand
lc
os
Sand
y C
lay
Loam
sc
l Lo
amy
Sand
ls
C
lay
Loam
cl
Lo
amy
Fine
San
d lfs
Si
lty C
lay
Loam
si
cl
Loam
y V
ery
Fine
San
d lv
fs
Sand
y C
lay
sc
C
oars
e Sa
ndy
Loam
co
sl
Silty
Cla
y
sic
Sa
ndy
Loam
sl
C
lay
c
Fine
San
dy L
oam
fs
l
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ctio
n H
andb
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stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 7
-2. T
extu
re M
odifi
er C
odes
(rec
ord
the
Cod
e, n
ot th
e ro
ck fr
agm
ent n
ame,
in th
e C
ASI
). RO
CK
FR
AG
ME
NT
S:
Size
& Q
uant
ity 1
Cod
e C
rite
ria:
Per
cent
(By
Vol
ume)
of T
otal
R
ock
Frag
men
ts a
nd D
omin
ated
By
1
RO
CK
FR
AG
ME
NTS
(> 2
mm
; ≥ S
tron
gly
Cem
ente
d)
Gra
velly
G
R
≥ 1
5% b
ut <
35%
gra
vel
Fin
e G
rave
lly
GR
F
≥15
% b
ut <
35%
fine
gra
vel
Med
ium
Gra
velly
G
RM
≥
15%
but
< 3
5% m
ed. g
rave
l C
oars
e G
rave
lly
GR
C
≥ 1
5% b
ut <
35%
coa
rse
grav
el
Ver
y G
rave
lly
GR
V
≥ 3
5% b
ut <
60%
gra
vel
Ext
rem
ely
Gra
velly
G
RX
≥
60%
but
< 9
0% g
rave
l C
obbl
y
CB
≥
15%
but
< 3
5% c
obbl
es
Ver
y C
obbl
y
CB
V
≥ 3
5% b
ut <
60%
cob
bles
E
xtre
mel
y C
obbl
y
CB
X
≥ 6
0% b
ut <
90%
cob
bles
S
tony
S
T
≥ 1
5% b
ut <
35%
ston
es
Ver
y St
ony
S
TV
≥ 3
5% b
ut <
60%
ston
es
Ext
rem
ely
Ston
y
STX
≥
60%
but
< 9
0% st
ones
B
ould
ery
B
Y
≥ 1
5% b
ut <
35%
bou
lder
s V
ery
Bou
lder
y
BY
V
≥ 3
5% b
ut <
60%
bou
lder
s E
xtre
mel
y B
ould
ery
B
YX
≥
60%
but
< 9
0% b
ould
ers
Cha
nner
y
CN
≥
15%
but
< 3
5% c
hann
ers
Ver
y C
hann
ery
C
NV
≥
35%
but
< 6
0% c
hann
ers
Ext
rem
ely
Cha
nner
y
CN
X
≥ 6
0% b
ut <
90%
cha
nner
s F
lagg
y
FL
≥
15%
but
< 3
5% fl
agst
ones
V
ery
Flag
gy
FLV
≥
35%
but
< 6
0% fl
agst
ones
E
xtre
mel
y Fl
aggy
F
LX
≥ 6
0% b
ut <
90%
flag
ston
es
PAR
AR
OC
K F
RA
GM
EN
TS (>
2 m
m; <
Str
ongl
y C
emen
ted)
2, 3
Par
abou
lder
y
PB
Y
(sam
e cr
iteria
as b
ould
ery)
V
ery
Para
boul
dery
P
BY
V
(sam
e cr
iteria
as v
ery
boul
dery
) E
xtr.
Para
boul
dery
P
BY
X
(sam
e cr
iteria
as e
xt. b
ould
ery)
e
tc.
etc
. (s
ame
crite
ria a
s non
-par
a)
1 The
“Q
uant
ity”
mod
ifier
(e.g
., ve
ry) i
s bas
ed o
n th
e to
tal r
ock
fragm
ent c
onte
nt. T
he “
Size
” m
odifi
er (e
.g.,
cobb
ly) i
s ind
epen
dent
ly b
ased
on
the
larg
est,
dom
inan
t fra
gmen
t siz
e. F
or a
mix
ture
of s
izes
(e.g
., gr
avel
and
st
ones
), a
smal
ler s
ize–
clas
s is n
amed
onl
y if
its q
uant
ity (%
) suf
ficie
ntly
exc
eeds
that
of a
larg
er si
ze–c
lass
. For
fie
ld te
xtur
e de
term
inat
ion,
a sm
alle
r siz
e-cl
ass m
ust e
xcee
d 2
times
the
quan
tity
(vol
. %) o
f a la
rger
size
cla
ss
befo
re it
is n
amed
(e.g
., 30
% g
rave
l and
14%
ston
es =
ver
y gr
avel
ly, b
ut 2
0% g
rave
l and
14%
ston
es =
ston
y).
For m
ore
expl
icit
nam
ing
crite
ria se
e N
SSH
-Par
t 618
, Exh
ibit
618.
11(S
oil S
urve
y St
aff,
2001
b).
2 Use
“Pa
ra”
pref
ix if
the
rock
frag
men
ts ar
e so
ft (i.
e., m
eet c
riter
ia fo
r “pa
ra”)
. [R
uptu
re R
esist
ance
- C
emen
tatio
n C
lass
is <
Stro
ngly
Cem
ente
d, a
nd d
o no
t sla
ke (s
lake
test
: ≈3c
m (1
inch
) dia
m. b
lock
, air
drie
d,
then
subm
erge
d in
wat
er fo
r ≥ 1
hou
r; co
llaps
e / d
isagg
rega
tion
= “s
laki
ng”)
.] 3 F
or “
Para
” co
des,
add
“P”
to “
Size
” an
d “Q
uant
ity”
code
term
s. Pr
eced
es n
oun
code
s and
follo
ws q
uant
ity
adje
ctiv
es, e
.g.,
para
grav
elly
= P
GR
; ver
y pa
ragr
avel
ly =
VPG
R.
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ns
7.7
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Ver
tical
Slo
pe S
hape
7.7.
1 D
efin
ition
s V
ertic
al sl
ope
shap
e. S
hape
of t
he sl
ope
perp
endi
cula
r to
the
cont
our.
[FB
D&
SS]
7.7.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
D
eter
min
e ve
rtica
l slo
pe sh
ape
of a
line
that
runs
thro
ugh
the
poin
t. C
ateg
orie
s are
:
• co
ncav
e •
conv
ex
• lin
ear
2.
Ente
r ver
tical
slop
e sh
ape
in th
e C
ASI
for t
he c
urre
nt su
rvey
yea
r.
7.8
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Hor
izon
tal S
lope
Sha
pe
7.8.
1 D
efin
ition
s H
oriz
onta
l slo
pe sh
ape.
Sha
pe o
f the
slop
e al
ong
the
horiz
onta
l con
tour
. [FB
D&
SS]
7.8.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
D
eter
min
e ho
rizon
tal s
lope
shap
e of
a li
ne th
at ru
ns th
roug
h th
e po
int.
Cat
egor
ies a
re:
• co
ncav
e •
conv
ex
• lin
ear
2.
Ente
r hor
izon
tal s
lope
shap
e in
the
CA
SI fo
r the
cur
rent
surv
ey y
ear.
Tab
le 7
-3. E
ffer
vesc
ence
cla
sses
1 use
d to
des
crib
e th
e en
tire
soil
mat
rix u
sing
1 M
HC
l.
Add
1 to
2 d
rops
of 1
M H
Cl t
o so
il, o
bser
ve th
e in
itial
reac
tion,
and
wai
t abo
ut 2
min
utes
be
fore
ass
essi
ng th
e fin
al e
xten
t of e
fferv
esce
nce
and
assi
gnin
g th
e ap
prop
riat
e ef
ferv
esce
nce
clas
s.
Cod
e E
ffer
vesc
ence
Cla
ss
Cri
teri
a N
E N
onef
ferv
esce
nt
No
bubb
les d
etec
ted
VS
Ver
y sl
ight
ly e
ffer
vesc
ent
Few
bub
bles
seen
SL
Sl
ight
ly e
ffer
vesc
ent
Bub
bles
read
ily se
en
ST
Stro
ngly
eff
erve
scen
t B
ubbl
es fo
rm lo
w fo
am
VE
Vio
lent
ly e
ffer
vesc
ent
Thic
k fo
am fo
rms q
uick
ly
1 Soil
Surv
ey T
echn
ical
Not
e 5,
Ass
essi
ng C
arbo
nate
s in
the
Fiel
d w
ith a
Dilu
te H
ydro
chlo
ric
Aci
d (H
Cl) S
olut
ion
(http
s://w
ww
.nrc
s.usd
a.go
v/w
ps/p
orta
l/nrc
s/de
tail/
soils
/ref/?
cid=
nrcs
142p
2_05
3572
).
Not
e: T
his t
echn
ical
refe
renc
e al
so d
escr
ibes
the
proc
ess f
or p
repa
ring
1 M
HC
l.
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
9
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
7.9
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Slop
e Pe
rcen
t
7.9.
1 D
efin
ition
s Sl
ope
grad
ient
. The
ang
le o
f the
gro
und
surf
ace
(in p
erce
nt) t
hrou
gh th
e si
te a
nd in
the
dire
ctio
n th
at o
verla
nd w
ater
wou
ld fl
ow. [
FBD
&SS
]
7.9.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Det
erm
ine
the
slop
e pe
rcen
t in
the
dire
ctio
n th
at o
verla
nd w
ater
wou
ld fl
ow th
roug
h th
e sa
mpl
e po
int.
The
grad
ient
mea
sure
men
t is o
bser
ved
with
in th
e sl
ope
shap
e th
at fl
ows
thro
ugh
the
poin
t and
incl
udes
all
inte
nsiti
es o
f slo
pe w
ithin
that
shap
e.
• Sl
ope
is re
cord
ed to
the
near
est w
hole
num
ber f
or sl
opes
of 1
per
cent
or g
reat
er.
• Sl
opes
less
than
1 p
erce
nt a
re re
cord
ed to
the
near
est 0
.1 p
erce
nt.
• A
zer
o is
not
reco
rded
unl
ess t
he sl
ope
is la
ser l
evel
ed to
less
than
0.0
5 pe
rcen
t.
2.
Ente
r Slo
pe p
erce
nt in
the
CA
SI fr
om th
e pr
ovid
ed c
hoic
e lis
t.
7.10
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Slop
e L
engt
h So
il lo
ss a
nd e
rosi
on g
ener
ally
incr
ease
s as s
lope
leng
th in
crea
ses.
As t
he sl
ope
leng
th in
crea
ses,
ther
e is
mor
e ac
cum
ulat
ion
of su
rfac
e ru
noff
, whi
ch re
sults
in in
crea
sed
soil
deta
chm
ent a
nd
trans
port.
Slop
e le
ngth
shou
ld b
e de
term
ined
in th
e fie
ld b
y m
easu
ring
the
dist
ance
in fe
et. S
lope
leng
th c
an
be so
mew
hat s
ubje
ctiv
e an
d di
ffic
ult t
o de
term
ine
whe
re v
eget
atio
n ob
scur
es th
e vi
ew, a
nd w
here
to
pogr
aphy
may
be
unev
en w
ith n
umer
ous h
umm
ocks
or m
ound
s. Su
rfac
e ru
noff
will
gen
eral
ly
conc
entra
te in
dis
tanc
es le
ss th
an 5
00 ft
, alth
ough
gre
ater
slop
e le
ngth
s are
pos
sibl
e, b
ut le
ss
com
mon
. Top
ogra
phic
map
s sho
uld
not b
e us
ed to
det
erm
ine
slop
e le
ngth
bec
ause
mos
t map
s do
not h
ave
enou
gh d
etai
l and
the
dist
ance
will
not
be
accu
rate
.
7.10
.1 D
efin
ition
s Sl
ope
Len
gth.
The
dis
tanc
e fr
om th
e po
int o
f orig
in o
f ove
rland
flow
to th
e po
int w
here
eith
er
the
slop
e gr
adie
nt d
ecre
ases
eno
ugh
that
soil
depo
sitio
n be
gins
or t
he ru
noff
wat
er e
nter
s a w
ell-
defin
ed c
hann
el th
at m
ay b
e pa
rt of
a d
rain
age
netw
ork
or c
onst
ruct
ed c
hann
el. F
or N
RI,
leng
th
of th
e sl
ope
is ta
ken
thro
ugh
the
sam
ple
poin
t.
7.10
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
D
eter
min
e th
e sl
ope
leng
th.
• Sl
ope
leng
th is
mea
sure
d in
feet
thro
ugh
the
sam
ple
poin
t (th
e 75
ft c
ente
r mar
k of
the
mac
ro p
lot).
•
The
star
ting
and
endi
ng p
oint
s for
mea
surin
g sl
ope
leng
th m
ay b
e in
an
adjo
inin
g fie
ld o
r ou
tsid
e th
e PS
U b
ound
ary.
2.
Ente
r the
slop
e le
ngth
to th
e ne
ares
t foo
t.
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
10
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Len
gth
of S
lope
Det
erm
inat
ion
Exa
mpl
e
Mac
ropl
ot =
150
ft le
ngth
.
Tra
nsec
t Sl
ope
Len
gth
(ft)
1 37
0 2
204
3 23
1 4
289
Not
e: T
he m
acro
plot
circ
les a
re p
lace
d in
the
diag
ram
for e
xam
ple
purp
oses
. The
clo
se p
roxi
mity
of
the
mac
ropl
ots i
n th
is e
xam
ple
wou
ld n
ot o
ccur
in re
ality
.
7.11
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Slop
e A
spec
t
7.11
.1 D
efin
ition
s Sl
ope
aspe
ct. T
he d
irect
ion
tow
ard
whi
ch a
slop
e fa
ces w
ith re
spec
t to
the
com
pass
.
7.11
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
D
eter
min
e th
e sl
ope
aspe
ct a
s a d
irect
ion
tow
ard
whi
ch th
e pr
edom
inan
t slo
pe
2.
Ente
r Slo
pe a
spec
t (ca
rdin
al d
irect
ion)
from
the
CA
SI c
hoic
e lis
t sho
wn
belo
w:
• N
•
NE
• E
• SE
•
S •
SW
La
ndsc
ape
and
Soils
| 7-
11
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• W
•
NW
•
NA
- N
ot a
pplic
able
- fla
t
7.12
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls N
one
Iden
tifie
d
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
E
colo
gica
l Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y T
rans
ect
Info
rmat
ion
and
Use
8.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• H
isto
ric M
ajor
Lan
d R
esou
rce
Are
a (M
LRA
) •
1992
Eco
logi
cal S
ite (d
ispl
ayed
if ra
ngel
and
hist
oric
ally
) •
Ecol
ogic
al S
ite (E
S) o
r For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
(F
SG) I
dent
ifica
tion
• A
ppar
ent R
ange
land
Tre
nd (r
ange
land
onl
y)
• U
se Q
uest
ions
o
G
razi
ng
o
Hay
ing
8.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
8.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es
in C
hapt
er 6
.
8.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
is p
roto
col s
hall
be u
sed
to c
hara
cter
ize
ecol
ogic
al si
tes f
or ra
ngel
and
and
fora
ge
suita
bilit
y gr
oups
for p
astu
rela
nd. T
he n
amin
g co
nven
tion
and
othe
r bac
kgro
und
info
rmat
ion
on E
SD/F
SG’s
are
dis
cuss
ed in
det
ail i
n th
e N
RC
S N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pa
stur
e H
andb
ook.
•
The
appa
rent
rang
elan
d tre
nd q
uest
ion
appl
ies o
nly
to ra
ngel
and
poin
ts; i
t will
be
gray
ed
out i
f the
poi
nt is
not
cla
ssifi
ed a
s ran
gela
nd.
• R
ange
land
and
pas
ture
land
on-
site
dat
a m
ust a
lway
s be
gath
ered
at t
he c
ertif
ied
poin
t lo
catio
ns a
s dep
icte
d on
the
site
map
s. •
Ecol
ogic
al si
te/fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oup
info
rmat
ion
is d
eter
min
ed fo
r the
sam
ple
area
w
here
the
sam
ple
poin
t fal
ls, r
egar
dles
s of t
he p
rese
nce
of o
ther
eco
logi
cal s
ites/
Fora
ge
Suita
bilit
y gr
oups
in th
e pl
ot a
rea.
•
If th
e ar
ea re
pres
ente
d by
the
poin
t has
val
ue fo
r doc
umen
ting
an e
colo
gica
l site
or f
orag
e su
itabi
lity
grou
p th
e U
se p
lot f
or E
SD/F
SG o
ptio
n sh
ould
be
used
for d
ata
colle
ctio
n.
• Fo
r ran
gela
nd, i
f mor
e th
an o
ne e
colo
gica
l site
is id
entif
ied
alon
g a
trans
ect,
use
the
ecol
ogic
al si
te a
t the
poi
nt fo
r ran
gela
nd h
ealth
and
sim
ilarit
y in
dex
calc
ulat
ions
. •
For p
astu
rela
nd, i
f mor
e th
an o
ne fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oup
is id
entif
ied
alon
g a
trans
ect,
use
the
fora
ge su
itabi
lity
grou
p at
the
poin
t for
pas
ture
con
ditio
n sc
ore
ratin
gs.
8.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
8.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
eco
logi
cal s
ite o
r for
age
suita
bilit
y da
ta a
re
docu
men
ted
for n
on-F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
=
2201
Scr
ub S
hrub
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
eco
logi
cal s
ite o
r for
age
suita
bilit
y da
ta a
re
docu
men
ted
for n
on-F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
=
2201
Scr
ub S
hrub
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, e
colo
gica
l site
or f
orag
e su
itabi
lity
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for
BLM
-man
aged
Fed
eral
poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
20
01 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
).
8.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
mat
eria
ls m
ay
be u
sefu
l in
colle
ctin
g da
ta fo
r thi
s cha
pter
:
• N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k
• R
espe
ctiv
e St
ate
List
of E
colo
gica
l Site
s/fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oups
and
Num
bers
8.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
1992
Eco
logi
cal S
ite a
nd H
isto
rica
l M
ajor
Lan
d R
esou
rce
Are
a (M
LR
A)
8.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s E
colo
gica
l site
. A k
ind
of la
nd w
ith sp
ecifi
c ph
ysic
al c
hara
cter
istic
s whi
ch d
iffer
s fro
m o
ther
ki
nds o
f lan
d in
its a
bilit
y to
pro
duce
dis
tinct
ive
kind
s and
am
ount
s of v
eget
atio
n in
resp
onse
to
man
agem
ent.
[SR
M]
Fora
ge su
itabi
lity
grou
p. S
oils
with
sim
ilar s
peci
es a
dapt
atio
n, p
rodu
ctio
n po
tent
ial,
and
man
agem
ent n
eeds
. A p
lann
ing
tool
for s
peci
es se
lect
ion,
pra
ctic
e se
lect
ion,
man
agem
ent
optio
ns, f
orag
e pr
oduc
tion
leve
ls, a
nd re
com
men
ded
initi
al st
ocki
ng ra
tes.
8.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
The
1992
eco
logi
cal s
ite n
ame
and
MLR
A w
ill a
ppea
r as t
he se
gmen
t/poi
nt is
load
ed a
nd w
ill
appe
ar a
t top
of t
he sc
reen
. The
se v
alue
s are
pro
vide
d fo
r inf
orm
atio
n pu
rpos
es a
nd a
re n
ot
edita
ble.
Not
e: T
he h
isto
rical
info
rmat
ion
may
not
agr
ee w
ith th
e cu
rren
t inv
ento
ry d
eter
min
atio
n fo
r M
LRA
and
eco
logi
cal s
ite n
umbe
r ide
ntifi
ed in
Sec
tion
8.6
belo
w.
8.6
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Eco
logi
cal S
ite/F
orag
e Su
itabi
lity
Gro
up C
over
age,
Num
ber
and
Nam
e
8.6.
1 D
efin
ition
s E
colo
gica
l site
/fora
ge su
itabi
lity
grou
p nu
mbe
r. A
10-
char
acte
r num
ber i
dent
ifyin
g th
e ec
olog
ical
site
/fora
ge su
itabi
lity
grou
p. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
Eco
logi
cal s
ite/fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oup
cove
rage
. The
dis
tanc
e in
feet
alo
ng e
ach
trans
ect t
hat
can
be id
entif
ied
as a
dis
tinct
eco
logi
cal s
ite/fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oup.
If n
eces
sary
, the
two
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
trans
ects
can
be
subd
ivid
ed in
to a
tota
l of 6
uni
que
zone
s and
labe
led
acco
rdin
gly.
Maj
or L
and
Res
ourc
e A
reas
(ML
RA
). G
eogr
aphi
cally
ass
ocia
ted
land
reso
urce
uni
ts. L
and
reso
urce
uni
ts a
re g
eogr
aphi
c ar
eas,
usua
lly se
vera
l tho
usan
d ac
res i
n ex
tent
, and
are
ch
arac
teriz
ed b
y a
parti
cula
r pat
tern
of s
oils
, clim
ate,
wat
er re
sour
ce, a
nd la
nd u
ses.
[NSS
H]
8.6.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Ente
r tra
nsec
t ID
and
cov
erag
e of
ESD
/FSG
s alo
ng e
ach
trans
ect f
or th
e pl
ot.
• If
the
sam
e ES
D/F
SG e
xists
for a
ll po
rtion
s of b
oth
trans
ects
ent
er ‘a
ll’ fo
r cov
erag
e. N
o ad
ditio
nal
cove
rage
dat
a ar
e re
quire
d.
• If
mor
e th
an o
ne E
SD/F
SG is
evi
dent
alo
ng e
ither
tra
nsec
t, en
ter t
he tr
anse
ct ID
(NE/
SW o
r NW
/SE)
and
th
e co
vera
ge in
feet
cov
ered
by
each
spec
ific
ESD
/FSG
. A to
tal o
f 6 d
iffer
ent s
egm
ents
can
be
iden
tifie
d (3
on
scre
en I
and
3 on
scre
en II
). U
se th
e sc
reen
II b
utto
n to
cre
ate
addi
tiona
l col
umns
as n
eede
d to
cha
ract
eriz
e th
e pl
ot.
• N
ote:
Whe
n m
ore
than
one
ESD
/FSG
is id
entif
ied
on
eith
er tr
anse
ct, t
he c
over
age
in fe
et fo
r eac
h ec
olog
ical
si
te m
ust b
e en
tere
d fo
r eac
h tra
nsec
t (N
E/SW
and
N
W/S
E). R
efer
to F
igur
e 8-
1.
2.
Inel
igib
le c
over
type
s may
inte
rsec
t the
tran
sect
line
s. If
this
occ
urs,
use
the
cove
rage
feat
ure
to d
isqu
alify
por
tions
of
the
trans
ect f
rom
cer
tain
dat
a co
llect
ion
prot
ocol
s. Th
e ‘s
tate
’ dro
p do
wn
men
u in
clud
es th
e fo
llow
ing
addi
tiona
l ca
tego
ries:
• W
ater
(XW
) •
Roa
d (X
R)
• In
acce
ssib
le (p
hysi
cal b
arrie
r to
data
col
lect
ion
exis
t) (X
I) •
Not
Elig
ible
-wro
ng c
over
(XN
)
3.
In so
me
case
s, an
app
ropr
iate
ESD
/FSG
may
not
hav
e be
en d
evel
oped
or d
ocum
ente
d. If
this
oc
curs
, sel
ect ‘
No
Eco
Site
/FSG
est
ablis
hed
(XE)
from
the
Stat
e co
vera
ge m
enu.
4.
Ente
r the
ES/
FSG
s num
ber i
n th
e C
ASI
for e
ach
iden
tifie
d tra
nsec
t ext
ent.
• Se
lect
the
appr
opria
te S
tate
, MLR
A, a
nd L
RU
. •
Ente
r eco
logi
cal s
ite n
umbe
r. Si
te n
umbe
r is:
o
2 di
git s
tate
cod
e; e
.g.,
NM
o
M
LRA
- 3
digi
ts p
lus l
ette
r cod
e; e
.g.,
0488
o
La
nd re
sour
ce u
nit l
ette
r plu
s 3 d
igits
; e.g
., Y
001
• If
the
site
ID is
not
on
the
choi
ce li
st, e
nter
a n
ew c
ode
and
nam
e by
sele
ctin
g ‘e
nter
new
co
de’ f
rom
the
pull
dow
n m
enu.
5.
The
Ecol
ogic
al si
te n
ame
appe
ars a
s the
eco
logi
cal s
ite n
umbe
r is s
elec
ted.
Spec
ial n
ote
for
Fora
ge S
uita
bilit
y G
roup
ID a
nd n
ame:
No
FSG
site
IDs o
r nam
es a
re
Figu
re 8
-1. T
his i
s an
exam
ple
of a
com
plet
ed
ecol
ogic
al si
te id
entif
icat
ion
scre
en. T
he N
E/SW
tran
sect
w
as sp
lit a
t mrk
100
into
a
diff
eren
t eco
logi
cal s
ite.
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
incl
uded
in th
e C
ASI
as p
art o
f a c
hoic
e lis
t. Th
ese
will
be
adde
d as
they
bec
ome
avai
labl
e.
8.7
Use
of D
ata
Que
stio
n, N
RI o
r E
colo
gica
l Site
Des
crip
tion
(ESD
)/For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
(FSG
))
8.7.
1 D
efin
ition
s N
one
8.7.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
Det
erm
ine
if th
e pl
ot is
suita
ble
for u
se in
dev
elop
ing
or fu
rther
doc
umen
ting
stat
e ec
olog
ical
si
te d
escr
iptio
ns/F
orag
e Su
itabi
lity
Gro
ups.
Not
e: S
tate
Ran
gela
nd M
anag
emen
t/Gra
ssla
nd sp
ecia
lists
shou
ld p
rovi
de g
ener
al g
uide
lines
on
answ
erin
g th
is q
uest
ion.
• En
ter a
‘Y, Y
es’ t
o us
e th
e pl
ot fo
r doc
umen
ting
ESD
/FSG
des
crip
tions
and
NR
I. •
Ente
r a “
N. N
o” to
use
the
plot
for o
nly
NR
I.
This
que
stio
n co
ntro
ls th
e nu
mbe
r of s
ub p
lots
for t
he fo
llow
ing
prot
ocol
s:
• So
il St
abili
ty
• Li
ne In
terc
ept T
rans
ects
for B
asal
and
Can
opy
Cov
er
• Pl
ant H
eigh
t •
Spec
ies C
ompo
sitio
n B
y W
eigh
t
8.8
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
App
aren
t Ran
gela
nd T
rend
8.8.
1 D
efin
ition
s R
ange
land
tren
d. T
he d
irect
ion
of c
hang
e in
an
exis
ting
plan
t com
mun
ity re
lativ
e to
the
hist
oric
cl
imax
pla
nt c
omm
unity
for t
he e
colo
gica
l site
. [N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k G
loss
ary,
Se
ptem
ber 1
997]
App
aren
t ran
gela
nd tr
end.
A p
oint
in ti
me
dete
rmin
atio
n of
the
dire
ctio
n of
cha
nge
in a
n ex
istin
g pl
ant c
omm
unity
rela
tive
to th
e hi
stor
ic c
limax
pla
nt c
omm
unity
. [N
RPH
]
8.8.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
App
aren
t Ran
gela
nd T
rend
is o
nly
appl
icab
le o
n ra
ngel
ands
that
hav
e ec
olog
ical
site
de
scrip
tions
iden
tifyi
ng th
e hi
stor
ic c
limax
pla
nt c
omm
unity
.
2.
Det
erm
ine
the
appa
rent
rang
elan
d tre
nd o
f the
are
a su
rrou
ndin
g th
e sa
mpl
e po
int.
3.
Ente
r inf
orm
atio
n in
the
CASI
for t
he c
urre
nt su
rvey
yea
r. C
ateg
orie
s are
:
• To
war
d - T
owar
d H
isto
ric C
limax
Pla
nt C
omm
unity
(HC
PC)
• N
otap
p - T
rend
not
app
aren
t •
Aw
ay -
Aw
ay fr
om H
CPC
•
NA
- A
nnua
l ran
gela
nd/n
o ES
D
8.9
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Pres
ence
or
Abs
ence
of
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
graz
ing/
hayi
ng a
ctiv
ity
8.9.
1 D
efin
ition
s M
acro
plot
. A c
ircul
ar a
rea
150
feet
in d
iam
eter
cen
tere
d ar
ound
the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t. Th
e pl
ot
incl
udes
two
trans
ects
150
feet
in le
ngth
that
inte
rsec
t at t
he N
RI s
ampl
e po
int.
Tran
sect
bea
rings
ar
e se
t on
a di
agon
al fr
om n
orth
east
(NE)
to so
uthw
est (
SW) a
nd n
orth
wes
t (N
W) t
o so
uthe
ast
(SE)
. A la
bele
d pl
ot d
iagr
am is
show
n in
Fig
ure
10-1
.
Con
serv
atio
n m
anag
emen
t uni
t (C
MU
): F
or p
urpo
ses o
f thi
s pro
toco
l, th
e CM
U sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
equ
ival
ent t
o th
e fie
ld (f
ence
d or
del
inea
ted
by o
ther
mea
ns) w
here
the
NR
I poi
nt
resi
des.
If no
fiel
d bo
unda
ry e
xist
s, us
e a
dist
ance
of 1
,000
ft a
s a b
ound
ary.
Do
not c
ross
pub
lic
road
s, ra
ilroa
ds, o
r obv
ious
ow
ners
hip
boun
darie
s with
in th
e 1,
000
ft di
stan
ce.
8.9.
2 Pr
oced
ure
1.
For e
ach
of th
e lis
ted
use
char
acte
ristic
s, ra
te fo
r deg
ree
of p
rese
nce
or a
bsen
ce a
t co
nser
vatio
n m
anag
emen
t uni
t lev
el
• U
se c
hara
cter
istic
s and
ratin
g de
scrip
tions
are
incl
uded
in T
able
8-1
. •
Cod
es a
nd sh
ort r
atin
g st
atem
ents
are
list
ed in
the
CA
SI c
hoic
e lis
t for
eac
h ra
ted
char
acte
ristic
2.
Ente
r the
app
ropr
iate
resp
onse
in th
e C
ASI
for t
he C
MU
.
8.10
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls N
one
iden
tifie
d.
Ec
olog
ical
Site
/For
age
Suita
bilit
y Tr
anse
ct In
form
atio
n an
d U
se |
8-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 8
-1. S
ite c
hara
cter
istic
ratin
g fa
ctor
s for
gra
zing
use
.
Cod
e C
ateg
ory
Nam
e D
escr
iptio
n G
RA
ZED
1 C
urre
ntly
Gra
zed
Ligh
t (<
30%
har
vest
)
Som
e ev
iden
ce o
f lig
ht g
razi
ng b
y do
mes
tic li
vest
ock.
Th
e fie
ld is
fenc
ed, v
eget
atio
n an
d ex
istin
g st
ocki
ng
rate
are
ligh
t. A
reas
of u
neat
en fo
rage
is c
omm
on.
Gra
zing
and
util
izat
ion
of p
lant
s may
be
patc
hy. H
eigh
t of
all
prin
cipl
e fo
rage
pla
nts e
xcee
d m
inim
um g
razi
ng
heig
hts.
2 C
urre
ntly
Gra
zed
Mod
erat
e (3
0-50
%
harv
est)
Min
imum
gra
zing
stub
ble
heig
hts a
re b
eing
obs
erve
d by
the
graz
ing
man
ager
and
live
stoc
k m
oved
to a
noth
er
past
ure,
or g
razi
ng is
allo
wed
to o
ccur
at w
ill b
ut th
ere
rem
ain
area
s of g
rass
that
is o
nly
parti
ally
eat
en o
r av
oide
d al
toge
ther
inte
rmix
ed w
ith a
reas
gra
zed
freq
uent
ly a
nd a
t low
stub
ble
heig
hts.
Are
as o
f une
aten
or
littl
e us
ed ta
ll gr
ass c
over
less
than
50
perc
ent o
f the
pa
stur
e ar
ea.
3 C
urre
ntly
Gra
zed
Hea
vy
(gre
ater
than
50%
ha
rves
t)
Gra
zing
of a
ll bu
t the
mos
t unp
alat
able
spec
ies h
as
occu
rred
to lo
wes
t stu
bble
hei
ght p
ossi
ble
for t
he
lives
tock
type
. Som
e re
ject
ion
of u
rine
or d
ung
patc
h ar
eas.
May
be
som
e re
ject
ion
of h
eavi
ly m
anur
ed a
reas
ar
ound
wat
er tr
ough
s, sh
ade
trees
, or h
ay fe
edin
g ar
eas.
4
No
evid
ence
of c
urre
nt
grow
ing
seas
on g
razi
ng
-Con
serv
atio
n pr
ogra
m
limita
tion
Con
serv
atio
n pr
ogra
m d
oes n
ot a
llow
gra
zing
by
dom
estic
live
stoc
k.
5 N
o ev
iden
ce o
f cur
rent
gr
owin
g se
ason
gra
zing
-N
o/po
or fe
nce
Ther
e is
no
fenc
e or
the
cond
ition
of t
he fe
nce
will
not
co
ntai
n do
mes
tic li
vest
ock.
6 N
o ev
iden
ce o
f cur
rent
gr
owin
g se
ason
gra
zing
-U
rban
/odd
are
a
The
area
is e
ither
urb
an/b
uilt-
up o
r not
an
odd
area
that
is
not
suita
ble
for g
razi
ng d
omes
tic li
vest
ock.
7
No
evid
ence
of c
urre
nt
grow
ing
seas
on g
razi
ng
-Phy
sica
l/env
ironm
enta
l co
nstra
ints
Phys
ical
or e
nviro
nmen
tal c
onst
rain
ts p
reve
nt g
razi
ng
by d
omes
tic li
vest
ock.
8 N
o ev
iden
ce o
f cur
rent
gr
owin
g se
ason
gra
zing
-P
ollu
tion
effe
cts
Pollu
tion
effe
cts p
reve
nt th
is a
rea
from
bei
ng g
raze
d by
do
mes
tic li
vest
ock.
9 N
o ev
iden
ce o
f cur
rent
gr
owin
g se
ason
gra
zing
-C
ould
be
graz
ed
The
area
is su
itabl
e fo
r gra
zing
, but
has
not
bee
n gr
azed
in th
e pa
st y
ear.
HAY
ED
N
N
o Th
ere
is n
o ev
iden
ce o
f hay
ing
durin
g th
e la
st y
ear
Y
Yes
Y
es, h
ay h
as b
een
harv
este
d du
ring
the
last
yea
r
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
L
ine
Poin
t Int
erce
pt T
rans
ect f
or F
olia
r C
over
C
ompo
sitio
n
9.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Fo
liar c
anop
y an
d ba
sal c
over
9.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
9.4.
1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es
in C
hapt
er 6
.
9.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
is p
roto
col m
easu
res p
lant
folia
r can
opy
cove
r us
ing
the
poin
t int
erce
pt m
etho
d. T
he p
in w
ill b
e ve
rtica
lly p
lace
d pe
rpen
dicu
lar t
o th
e tra
nsec
t tap
e at
3-
foot
inte
rval
s. •
Use
a w
ire su
rvey
ing
flag
to d
eter
min
e th
e po
int l
ocat
ion
for v
eget
atio
n of
low
stat
ure.
•
Use
a su
rvey
ing
pole
or o
ther
suita
ble
rod
for t
alle
r veg
etat
ion,
such
as s
hrub
s and
tree
s. •
This
pro
toco
l allo
ws e
ntry
of u
p to
six
cano
py a
nd o
ne b
asal
cov
er la
yers
. At l
east
one
en
try m
ust b
e m
ade
for e
ach
of th
ese
two
data
cat
egor
ies a
t eac
h de
sign
ated
Mrk
(3-ft
in
terv
als)
alo
ng th
e tra
nsec
t. A
n op
tiona
l bed
rock
/wat
er (B
R/W
) lay
er is
use
d to
di
stin
guis
h no
n-so
il co
nditi
ons.
• Th
is p
roto
col r
equi
res e
nter
ing
data
ont
o a
very
smal
l scr
een
row
. Som
e pr
actic
e w
ith th
e st
ylus
is re
com
men
ded.
9.4
Prel
imin
ary
Step
s
9.4.
1 C
ondi
tion
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
line
poi
nt in
terc
ept d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
2201
Scr
ub S
hrub
def
ined
as
rang
e or
220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, li
ne p
oint
inte
rcep
t dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he B
LM ra
nge
sam
ple,
line
poi
nt in
terc
ept d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
9.4.
2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
reso
urce
s are
requ
ired:
• Fo
rage
Sui
tabi
lity
Gro
ups/
Ecol
ogic
al S
ite D
escr
iptio
ns
• Pl
ant i
dent
ifica
tion
refe
renc
es (f
lora
s) fo
r you
r sta
te o
r reg
ion.
9.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Lin
e Po
int T
rans
ect m
easu
rem
ent o
f C
anop
y an
d B
asal
Cov
er
9.5.
1 D
efin
ition
s T
rans
ect.
A c
ross
-sec
tion
of a
n ar
ea u
sed
as a
sam
ple
for r
ecor
ding
, map
ping
or s
tudy
ing
vege
tatio
n an
d its
use
; may
be
a se
ries o
f plo
ts, a
bel
t or s
trip,
or m
erel
y a
line.
In th
e ra
ngel
and
field
dat
a co
llect
ion,
two
150
foot
tran
sect
line
s int
erse
ct a
t the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t. M
easu
rem
ents
ar
e ta
ken
at p
re-d
eter
min
ed m
rks a
long
the
trans
ect l
ine.
The
tran
sect
arm
s are
orie
nted
45
degr
ees i
n bo
th d
irect
ions
from
mag
netic
nor
th. T
rans
ect d
ista
nces
are
reco
rded
from
the
NE
to
SW a
nd N
W to
SE
from
a ta
pe st
retc
hed
alon
g th
e gr
ound
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
• Li
ne p
oint
tran
sect
s are
use
ful f
or m
easu
ring
plan
t fol
iar c
anop
y an
d ba
sal c
over
. Dat
a fr
om p
oint
tran
sect
s can
be
used
to c
alcu
late
pla
nt sp
ecie
s com
posi
tion
and
dete
rmin
e ch
ange
s in
tota
l veg
etat
ion
cove
r (ae
rial a
nd b
asal
).
Bas
al c
over
. The
cro
ss se
ctio
nal a
rea
of th
e st
em o
r ste
ms (
see
figur
e 1)
of a
pla
nt o
r of a
ll pl
ants
in a
stan
d. H
erba
ceou
s and
woo
dy p
lant
s ar
e m
easu
red
at th
e gr
ound
leve
l. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
Can
opy
(NR
I): L
ivin
g or
dea
d pl
ant m
ater
ial (
herb
aceo
us o
r woo
dy)
atta
ched
to a
root
ed p
lant
.
Plan
t Litt
er (N
RI)
: Pla
nt m
ater
ial (
herb
aceo
us o
r woo
dy) t
hat i
s not
at
tach
ed to
a ro
oted
pla
nt.
Her
bace
ous L
itter
(NR
I): H
erba
ceou
s litt
er is
def
ined
as d
etac
hed
stem
s, ro
ots,
leav
es, h
ay b
ales
, and
dun
g.
Woo
dy L
itter
(NR
I): W
oody
litte
r is d
efin
ed a
s det
ache
d w
oody
or
succ
ulen
t litt
er th
at is
gre
ater
than
¼ in
ch in
dia
met
er.
Non
-Veg
etat
ive
Litt
er (N
RI)
: Non
-veg
etat
ive
litte
r is l
itter
that
is n
ot p
lant
-bas
ed li
tter (
e.g.
, pl
astic
, met
al, d
ecom
posi
ng a
nim
al m
atte
r).
Can
opy
cove
r (N
RI)
. The
per
cent
age
of g
roun
d co
vere
d by
a v
ertic
al p
roje
ctio
n of
the
folia
r ca
nopy
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
9.5.
2 Pr
oced
ure
Use
the
follo
win
g cr
iteria
for i
dent
ifyin
g pl
ant s
peci
es:
• O
ptio
n I.
Iden
tify
plan
t gen
us a
nd sp
ecie
s. If
the
genu
s and
spec
ies o
f the
pla
nt c
anno
t be
dete
rmin
ed, i
t is r
ecom
men
ded
that
the
plan
t be
colle
cted
and
iden
tifie
d la
ter o
r by
anot
her p
lant
spec
ialis
t. •
Opt
ion
II. I
dent
ify g
enus
—on
ly if
eff
orts
to d
eter
min
e th
e sp
ecie
s can
not b
e m
ade
Figu
re 9
-1. D
iagr
am
of p
lant
show
ing
basa
l cov
er.
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
beca
use
of la
ck o
f mat
urity
, dam
age
to th
e pl
ant,
or im
mat
ure
phen
olog
ical
stag
e. If
you
ca
n, tr
y to
reco
nstru
ct th
e id
entit
y of
the
spec
ies b
y ev
ery
avai
labl
e m
eans
. •
Opt
ion
III.
If G
enus
/Spe
cies
or G
enus
can
not b
e de
term
ined
, ope
n th
e Po
int I
nter
cept
sc
reen
or t
he N
ames
scre
en. T
ouch
the
Unk
now
n bu
tton
near
the
top.
Sel
ect C
reat
e N
…
butto
n. P
ick
an a
ccur
ate
func
tiona
l gro
up a
nd e
nter
a d
escr
iptio
n. T
he li
st o
f unk
now
n pl
ants
aut
omat
ical
ly re
fres
hes f
or e
ach
new
poi
nt.
1.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1).
The
CA
SI w
ill d
efau
lt to
this
tra
nsec
t at M
rk 0
.
• Th
e lin
e sh
ould
be
stra
ight
, tau
t and
pla
ced
as c
lose
to th
e gr
ound
as p
ossi
ble.
Slid
e ta
pe
unde
r pla
nt b
ranc
hes t
o av
oid
dist
urbi
ng th
e st
ruct
ure.
For
add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
the
plot
and
tran
sect
, ref
er to
Cha
pter
3, S
ectio
n 3.
6, P
roce
dure
for E
stab
lishi
ng/D
ocum
entin
g th
e Sa
mpl
e Pl
ot a
nd T
rans
ects
. •
Alw
ays s
tand
on
the
sout
h si
de o
f the
tran
sect
s to
avoi
d di
stur
bing
the
mea
sure
men
t are
a.
2.
The
wire
pin
flag
is th
e st
anda
rd to
ol fo
r tra
inin
g, c
alib
ratio
n, a
nd p
erfo
rmin
g th
e lin
e po
int
inte
rcep
t pro
toco
l. D
eter
min
e th
e pl
ant s
peci
es (c
anop
y co
ver)
inte
rcep
ted
by a
ver
tical
line
at
Mrk
0.0
(the
reaf
ter e
very
3.0
ft; 0
.0, 3
.0, 6
.0, .
.., 1
50.0
) up
to 6
can
opy
spec
ies m
ay b
e id
entif
ied
for e
ach
Mrk
to a
ccom
mod
ate
mul
tiple
laye
rs o
f veg
etat
ion.
• U
se a
surv
ey ro
d or
oth
er su
itabl
e de
vice
to d
eter
min
e al
l ove
r-the
-hea
d ca
nopy
cov
er
trans
ect i
nter
cept
ion.
For
mos
t her
bace
ous v
eget
atio
n, a
surv
ey fl
ag w
orks
to d
eter
min
e pl
ant s
peci
es in
terc
epts
. Tw
o pe
ople
are
requ
ired
to a
ccur
atel
y an
d sa
fely
use
lase
r de
vise
s. •
The
surv
ey fl
ag o
r rod
shou
ld a
lway
s be
plac
ed 9
0 de
gree
s ver
tical
whe
n de
term
inin
g ca
nopy
inte
rcep
ts.
• D
o no
t rec
ord
mul
tiple
can
opy
hits
of t
he sa
me
spec
ies.
Rec
ord
only
the
uppe
rmos
t hit
in
the
CA
SI. (
A sp
ecie
s cod
e ca
n be
reco
rded
twic
e fo
r a p
oint
onl
y if
it oc
curs
as b
oth
a ca
nopy
and
bas
al in
terc
ept.)
3.
Rec
ord
in c
olum
n 1
the
plan
t spe
cies
cod
e of
livi
ng o
r dea
d ro
oted
can
opy
inte
rcep
ted
by th
e pi
n. If
no
leaf
or s
tem
can
opy
is in
terc
epte
d, re
cord
Non
e an
d B
asal
Non
e. R
efer
to ta
ble
9-1
for
mor
e in
form
atio
n on
dat
a en
try
choi
ces b
y co
lum
n in
the
CA
SI.
• Th
e pl
ant s
elec
tion
win
dow
(low
er p
art o
f the
scre
en) a
cces
ses t
he C
ASI
pla
nt d
atab
ase
and
ente
rs th
e ac
cept
ed p
lant
sym
bol f
or th
e se
lect
ed sp
ecie
s. Fo
r add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
use
of t
his d
atab
ase,
refe
r to
App
endi
x A
, Sec
tion
A.4
, Usi
ng th
e Pl
ant D
atab
ase.
•
Can
opy
laye
rs 2
-6 c
an a
lso
be li
tter (
herb
aceo
us, w
oody
, arti
ficia
l or o
rgan
ic (d
ung)
. H
erba
ceou
s litt
er o
r woo
dy li
tter a
re n
onro
oted
pla
nts o
r det
ache
d pl
ant p
arts
.
4.
Rec
ord
the
basa
l cov
er in
terc
ept i
n th
e B
asal
col
umn.
Bas
al h
its m
ay in
clud
e:
• Pl
ant s
ymbo
l = a
ny p
lant
spec
ies (
livin
g or
dea
d)
• LC
= li
chen
cru
st o
n th
e so
il (li
chen
cru
st o
n ro
ck is
reco
rded
as R
F)
• M
= m
oss
• R
F =
rock
frag
men
ts (m
ust b
e gr
eate
r tha
n ¼
inch
in d
iam
eter
, if s
mal
ler c
lass
ify a
s soi
l).
• N
one
= so
il th
at is
vis
ibly
unp
rote
cted
by
any
of th
e ab
ove
5.
The
BR
/W c
olum
n (r
ight
mos
t col
umn
in th
e C
ASI
dat
a en
try sc
reen
) is a
n op
tiona
l col
umn
used
to d
istin
guis
h th
e ba
sal h
it fr
om so
il. U
se th
is c
olum
n to
furth
er c
hara
cter
ize
a co
nditi
on
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
at th
e M
rk a
s:
• B
R =
bed
rock
•
W =
wat
er
6.
Rep
eat t
he p
roce
dure
for e
ach
of th
e 50
Mrk
s alo
ng tr
anse
ct 1
(NE-
SW) a
nd fo
r the
50
Mrk
s al
ong
trans
ect 2
(NW
-SE)
Tab
le 9
-1. A
list
of c
olum
ns th
at c
an b
e po
pula
ted
as p
art o
f thi
s pro
toco
l alo
ng w
ith a
list
of
lega
l cho
ices
pre
sent
ed fo
r eac
h co
lum
n.
CA
SI
colu
mn
ID
Leg
al c
hoic
es
Sour
ce/c
hoic
e N
ote
1 N
one
(no
cano
py)
- In
dica
tes n
o ca
nopy
Pl
ant s
ymbo
l Fr
om p
lant
dat
a ba
se
Plan
t can
opy
Unk
now
n pl
ant
Ass
ign
code
by
user
2-6*
Plan
t Sym
bol
From
pla
nt d
ata
base
Pl
ant c
anop
y U
nkno
wn
Plan
t A
ssig
n co
de b
y us
er
Litte
r H
L - H
erba
ceou
s litt
er
Litte
r can
not b
e en
tere
d ab
ove
the
first
pla
nt
cano
py, t
his w
ill p
rodu
ce
an e
rror
in th
e C
ASI
.
WL
- Woo
dy li
tter
NL
- Non
-veg
etat
ive
litte
r
Bas
al
Non
e -
Indi
cate
s bar
e so
il Pl
ant S
ymbo
l Fr
om p
lant
dat
a ba
se
Indi
cate
s pin
hits
a p
lant
ba
se
Unk
now
n Pl
ant
Ass
ign
code
by
user
Lich
en/M
oss/
Roc
k LC
- Li
chen
cru
st R
ecor
d if
over
soil,
but
no
t if o
n be
droc
k M
- M
oss
RF
- Roc
k Fr
agm
ent >
¼ in
ch
BR
/W*
BR
- B
edro
ck
- Li
thom
orph
ic
W -
Wat
er
- Pe
rman
ent w
ater
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
9.6
Supp
ortin
g M
ater
ials
9.6.
1 E
xam
ple
1 A
t tra
nsec
t dis
tanc
e 0.
0 (M
k 0)
, fie
ld b
lack
berr
y (R
ubus
arv
ensi
s;
RU
AR
5) w
as in
terc
epte
d by
the
verti
cal p
in tw
ice
(see
fig.
9-3)
. M
ultip
le c
anop
y hi
ts o
f fie
ld
blac
kber
ry a
re c
onsi
dere
d as
one
ca
nopy
hit.
Ken
tuck
y bl
uegr
ass
(Poa
pra
tens
is; P
OPR
) was
id
entif
ied
as b
oth
cano
py a
nd b
asal
hi
ts. B
ecau
se c
anop
y ha
s no
min
imum
hei
ght,
reco
rd a
can
opy
hit a
bove
any
pla
nt b
asal
hit
even
w
hen
no a
ppar
ent p
in c
onta
ct is
m
ade
with
a le
af o
r ste
m.
Figu
re 9
-2. D
ata
entry
scre
en
exam
ple
for t
he li
ne p
oint
inte
rcep
t pr
otoc
ol. E
xpla
natio
n fo
r prim
ary
scre
en b
utto
n an
d m
enus
are
in
clud
ed a
nd h
ighl
ight
ed in
red
dash
ed li
nes.
Lay
er se
lect
ion
butto
ns
But
tons
1-6
can
opy
laye
r B
asal
B
R/W
(Bed
rock
or W
ater
)
Plan
t sym
bol q
uick
se
lect
ion
win
dow
. Pa
ge: T
o se
e m
ore.
N
ames
: To
see
long
nam
es.
Sear
ch: T
o ge
t a p
lant
not
on
the
sele
ctio
n lis
t.
Cur
rent
mrk
and
laye
r in
form
atio
n M
rk =
6
Laye
r = 1
Pl
ant=
POA
Err
or/w
arni
ng in
dica
tor
Pink
col
or in
dica
tes m
issin
g da
ta o
r erro
r- m
rk sp
ecifi
c
Cho
ice
lists
but
tons
A
vaila
bilit
y ba
sed
on la
yer
cano
py la
yer u
nder
se
lect
ion.
Cle
ar b
utto
n C
lear
s the
val
ue d
ispla
yed
with
the
curre
nt m
rk a
nd
laye
r.
Figu
re 9
-3. S
imul
ated
vie
w o
f can
opy
at M
rk 0
Li
ne P
oint
Inte
rcep
t Tra
nsec
t for
Fol
iar C
over
Com
posi
tion
| 9-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
9.6.
2 E
xam
ple
2 A
t tra
nsec
t dis
tanc
e 0
feet
(Mk
0), F
ield
bl
ackb
erry
is e
nter
ed in
col
umn
1.
Ken
tuck
y bl
uegr
ass i
s ent
ered
in b
oth
cano
py (c
olum
n 2)
and
the
basa
l col
umn
(Exa
mpl
e 1,
fig.
9-3)
.
At t
rans
ect d
ista
nce
3 fe
et (M
k 3)
, Fie
ld
blac
kber
ry (R
ubus
arv
ensi
s; R
UA
R5)
was
in
terc
epte
d tw
ice
by th
e ve
rtica
l pin
, an
nual
ragw
eed
(Am
bros
ia
arte
mis
iifol
ia;L
) was
inte
rcep
ted
twic
e,
and
liche
n cr
ust o
n th
e so
il su
rfac
e w
as
inte
rcep
ted
at th
e so
il su
rfac
e. T
he li
chen
cr
ust i
s in
cont
act w
ith m
iner
al so
il, n
ot
rock
or e
xpos
ed c
onso
lidat
ed b
edro
ck (f
ig.
9-4)
.
At t
rans
ect d
ista
nce
6 fe
et (M
k 6)
, no
plan
t can
opy
was
hit
but h
erba
ceou
s litt
er
was
touc
hed
befo
re h
ittin
g so
il (n
o fig
ure
show
n).
9.7
Ref
eren
ces
• B
onha
m, C
.D. 1
989.
Mea
sure
men
ts fo
r ter
rest
rial v
eget
atio
n. Jo
hn W
iley
and
Sons
, New
Y
ork.
•
Coo
k, C
.W.,
and
J. St
ubbe
ndie
ck (e
ds.).
198
6. R
ange
rese
arch
: bas
ic p
robl
ems a
nd
tech
niqu
es.
Soci
ety
for R
ange
Man
agem
ent,
Den
ver,
Col
orad
o.
• El
zing
a, C
.L.,
D.W
. Sal
zer,
and
J.W. W
illou
ghby
. 200
0. M
easu
ring
and
mon
itorin
g pl
ant
popu
latio
ns. B
LM T
ech.
Ref
. 173
0-1;
BLM
/RS/
ST-9
8/00
5+17
30. D
enve
r, C
olor
ado.
Figu
re 9
-4. S
imul
ated
vie
w o
f can
opy
at M
rk 3
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps |
10-
1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps
10.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• B
asal
gap
s (co
llect
ed o
nly
for E
SD/F
SG d
ocum
enta
tion)
•
All
folia
r and
per
enni
al c
anop
y ga
ps
Can
opy
gap
entry
for p
eren
nial
can
opy
gaps
info
rmat
ion
is e
nter
ed fi
rst.
If th
ere
are
all-f
olia
r ca
nopy
gap
s and
they
are
diff
eren
t tha
n th
e pe
renn
ial c
anop
y ga
ps, t
he d
ata
colle
ctor
sele
cts Y
- ye
s to
the
two
ques
tions
and
reco
rds t
hose
gap
s. Th
e CA
SI sc
reen
allo
ws f
or e
ntry
of b
asal
gap
da
ta if
the
ESD
/FSG
opt
ion
is se
lect
ed.
10.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• C
larif
y th
at a
ll pl
ant s
peci
es sh
ould
be
cons
ider
ed w
hen
reco
rdin
g al
l fol
iar g
aps.
•
Cla
rify
that
bie
nnia
ls sh
ould
be
treat
ed a
s per
enni
als w
hen
reco
rdin
g pe
renn
ial g
aps.
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
10.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
10.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
is p
roto
col m
easu
res c
anop
y an
d ba
sal g
aps (
ESD
/FSG
opt
ion
only
) 1.0
foot
or l
arge
r in
leng
th.
• Tr
eat b
ienn
ials
as p
eren
nial
s whe
n re
cord
ing
pere
nnia
l gap
s. •
Con
side
r all
plan
t spe
cies
whe
n re
cord
ing
all f
olia
r gap
s.
NR
I Opt
ion
ESD
/FSG
Opt
ion
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps |
10-
2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• A
lway
s use
a p
in o
r fla
g an
d lo
ok st
raig
ht d
own
to d
eter
min
e w
here
a g
ap b
egin
s or e
nds.
• D
o no
t con
side
r gap
s or v
eget
atio
n th
at o
ccur
off
the
tape
mea
sure
men
t edg
e. A
ssum
e th
ere
is a
wal
l at t
he e
nds o
f the
tape
. •
Alw
ays s
tand
on
the
sout
h si
de o
f the
tran
sect
to a
void
dis
turb
ing
the
mea
sure
men
t are
a.
10.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
10.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
gap
inte
rcep
t dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
gap
inte
rcep
t dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, g
ap in
terc
ept d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
00-1
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
-1 S
crub
Shr
ub d
efin
ed a
s ra
nge)
.
10.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
No
anci
llary
reso
urce
s oth
er th
an th
ose
liste
d in
cha
pter
2 a
re n
eede
d fo
r thi
s cha
pter
.
10.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Basa
l Gap
s with
Lin
e In
terc
ept
(ESD
/FSG
Opt
ion
Onl
y)
10.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s Pl
ant b
ase.
Any
pla
nt st
em o
r cro
wn
(livi
ng o
r dea
d, p
eren
nial
or a
nnua
l) em
ergi
ng fr
om th
e so
il su
rfac
e al
ong
the
edge
of t
he tr
anse
ct li
ne (m
inim
um d
iam
eter
= 1
mm
). [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
Bas
al g
ap. F
or p
urpo
ses o
f thi
s pro
toco
l, an
are
a gr
eate
r tha
n or
equ
al to
1.0
foot
in le
ngth
that
is
abse
nt o
f any
pla
nt b
ases
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
10.5
.2 B
asal
Gap
Pro
cedu
re
1.
Exam
ine
trans
ect 1
(NE-
SW) c
aref
ully
for b
asal
gap
s (ga
ps a
long
the
trans
ect e
dge
grea
ter
than
1.0
foot
).
2.
If th
ere
are
no g
aps,
answ
er th
e C
ASI
que
stio
n "A
re th
ere
any
basa
l gap
s?" N
o. If
ther
e ar
e ga
ps, a
nsw
er Y
es a
nd m
ove
on to
step
3.
3.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1) a
nd re
cord
the
begi
nnin
g an
d en
d of
eac
h ga
p gr
eate
r tha
n 1.
0 fo
ot. W
alk
on th
e so
uth
side
of t
he tr
anse
ct a
nd re
cord
the
gaps
inte
rsec
ting
the
north
side
of t
he ta
pe.
• Pl
ant b
ases
may
be
live
or d
ead.
•
Do
not c
onsi
der g
aps t
hat o
ccur
off
the
edge
of t
he ta
pe o
r bey
ond
the
tape
end
s.
4.
Rec
ord
valu
es in
the
CA
SI to
the
near
est 0
.1 fo
ot.
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps |
10-
3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• G
aps l
ess t
han
1.0
foot
(see
def
initi
ons)
shou
ld b
e ig
nore
d. If
ent
ered
they
will
be
cons
ider
ed a
war
ning
(yel
low
col
or) b
y th
e C
ASI
, but
nee
d no
t be
dele
ted.
5.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for t
rans
ect 2
(NW
-SE)
.
10.6
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Can
opy
Gap
s with
Lin
e In
terc
ept
10.6
.1 D
efin
ition
s C
anop
y. F
or p
urpo
ses o
f thi
s met
hod,
can
opy
occu
rs a
ny ti
me
50 p
erce
nt o
f any
0.1
ft ta
pe e
dge
inte
rcep
ts li
ve o
r dea
d pe
renn
ial o
r ann
ual p
lant
mat
eria
l bas
ed o
n a
verti
cal p
roje
ctio
n fr
om
cano
py to
gro
und.
[NR
I-03-
Ran
ge]
Can
opy
gap.
For
pur
pose
s of t
his p
roto
col,
an a
rea
1.0
foot
or g
reat
er in
wid
th a
bsen
t of a
ny
plan
t can
opy
alon
g th
e ta
pe e
dge.
[NR
I-03-
Ran
ge]
10.6
.2 P
eren
nial
Gap
Pro
cedu
re
1.
Exam
ine
trans
ect 1
(NE-
SW) c
aref
ully
for p
eren
nial
can
opy
gaps
(gap
s in
cano
py o
f bie
nnia
l an
d pe
renn
ial s
peci
es a
long
the
trans
ect e
dge
grea
ter t
han
1.0
foot
).
2.
If th
ere
are
no g
aps,
answ
er th
e C
ASI
que
stio
n "A
re th
ere
any
pere
nnia
l can
opy
gaps
?" N
o. If
th
ere
are
gaps
, ans
wer
Yes
and
mov
e on
to st
ep 3
.
3.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1) a
nd re
cord
the
begi
nnin
g an
d en
d of
eac
h ca
nopy
gap
gre
ater
than
1.0
foot
.
• Pl
ant m
ater
ial m
ay b
e liv
ing
or a
ttach
ed d
ead.
•
Do
not c
onsi
der g
aps t
hat o
ccur
off
the
edge
of t
he ta
pe o
r bey
ond
the
tape
end
s. •
Excl
ude
all a
nnua
ls a
s a g
ap d
isru
pter
. •
Trea
t bie
nnia
ls a
s per
enni
als w
hen
reco
rdin
g pe
renn
ial g
aps.
4.
Rec
ord
valu
es in
the
CA
SI to
the
near
est 0
.1 fo
ot.
• G
aps l
ess t
han
1.0
foot
(see
def
initi
ons)
shou
ld b
e ig
nore
d. If
ent
ered
they
will
be
cons
ider
ed a
war
ning
(yel
low
col
or) b
y th
e C
ASI
, but
nee
d no
t be
dele
ted.
5.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for t
rans
ect 2
(NW
-SE)
.
10.6
.3 A
ll-Fo
liar
Gap
Pro
cedu
re
1.
Exam
ine
trans
ect 1
(NE-
SW) c
aref
ully
for a
ll-fo
liar g
aps (
gaps
in c
anop
y of
all
plan
t spe
cies
al
ong
the
trans
ect e
dge
grea
ter t
han
1.0
foot
).
2.
If th
ere
are
no a
ll-fo
liar c
anop
y ga
ps, a
nsw
er th
e C
ASI
que
stio
n "A
re th
ere
any
cano
py
gaps
?" N
o. If
ther
e ar
e ga
ps, a
nsw
er Y
es a
nd m
ove
on to
step
3.
3.
If th
e al
l-fol
iar c
anop
y ga
ps a
re th
e sa
me
as th
e pe
renn
ial g
aps,
answ
er th
e qu
estio
n “A
re th
e al
l-fol
iar c
anop
y ga
ps d
iffer
ent t
han
the
pere
nnia
l can
opy
gaps
?” N
o. If
at l
east
one
all-
folia
r ca
nopy
gap
is d
iffer
ent t
han
the
pere
nnia
l can
opy
gaps
, ans
wer
Yes
and
mov
e on
to st
ep 4
.
4.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1) a
nd re
cord
the
begi
nnin
g an
d en
d of
eac
h al
l-fol
iar c
anop
y ga
p gr
eate
r tha
n 1.
0 fo
ot.
• Pl
ant m
ater
ial m
ay b
e liv
ing
or a
ttach
ed d
ead.
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps |
10-
4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• D
o no
t con
side
r gap
s tha
t occ
ur o
ff th
e ed
ge o
f the
tape
or b
eyon
d th
e ta
pe e
nds.
• In
clud
e an
y pl
ant s
peci
es a
s a g
ap d
isru
pter
. •
Use
the
arro
w n
ext t
o pe
renn
ial g
aps o
f the
sam
e si
ze a
s the
all-
folia
r gap
s to
copy
them
to
the
all-f
olia
r gap
col
umn.
5.
Rec
ord
valu
es in
the
CA
SI to
the
near
est 0
.1 fo
ot.
6.
Gap
s les
s tha
n 1.
0 fo
ot (s
ee d
efin
ition
s) sh
ould
be
igno
red.
If e
nter
ed th
ey w
ill b
e co
nsid
ered
a
war
ning
(yel
low
col
or) b
y th
e C
ASI
, but
nee
d no
t be
dele
ted.
7.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for t
rans
ect 2
(NW
-SE)
.
10.7
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
10.7
.1 B
asal
gap
exa
mpl
e A
par
tial t
rans
ect i
s dep
icte
d in
figu
re 1
0-1.
In th
is 4
.0-fo
ot tr
anse
ct se
gmen
t, th
e m
easu
rem
ent
(rig
ht e
dge)
of t
he ta
pe e
ncou
nter
s a n
umbe
r of g
aps.
The
dark
are
as la
bele
d w
ith le
tters
sy
mbo
lize
the
plan
t bas
e ar
eas.
Dat
a en
try fo
r thi
s par
tial t
rans
ect s
egm
ent i
s sho
wn
in fi
gure
10-
2. T
wo
basa
l gap
s (la
bele
d in
the
figur
e) a
re g
reat
er th
an 1
.0 fo
ot in
leng
th. P
lant
s A, C
, D, a
nd F
are
all
cons
ider
ed b
asal
hits
. Pl
ants
B a
nd E
are
out
side
the
trans
ect l
ine
and
shou
ld n
ot b
e co
unte
d. A
ll ot
her g
aps a
re le
ss th
an
1.0
foot
in le
ngth
and
shou
ld n
ot b
e co
unte
d.
10.7
.2 C
anop
y ga
p ex
ampl
e
Figu
re 1
0-1.
Ove
rhea
d vi
ew o
f a
trans
ect s
egm
ent i
llust
ratin
g on
ly
plan
t bas
es.
Figu
re 1
0-2.
Dat
a en
try fo
r tra
nsec
t 1 (N
E–SW
). Tw
o ba
sal
gaps
wer
e gr
eate
r tha
n 1.
0 fo
ot.
Dat
a en
tere
d to
the
near
est 0
.1
foot
.
G
ap In
terc
ept:
Bas
al a
nd C
anop
y G
aps |
10-
5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
A p
artia
l tra
nsec
t is d
epic
ted
in fi
gure
10-
3. In
this
exa
mpl
e, th
e pl
ant b
ase
(dar
k ar
ea) i
s dep
icte
d w
ith th
e ae
rial p
lant
can
opy
(circ
le a
roun
d da
rk a
rea)
. Sev
eral
gap
s are
app
aren
t. O
bser
vatio
ns a
re
mad
e on
the
right
edg
e of
the
tape
.
Dat
a en
try fo
r thi
s par
tial t
rans
ect s
egm
ent i
s sho
wn
in fi
gure
10-
4. T
wo
cano
py g
aps a
re
dete
cted
, but
onl
y on
e is
larg
er th
an 1
.0 fo
ot in
leng
th a
nd e
nter
ed in
the
CA
SI. T
he c
anop
y of
pl
ants
A, D
, and
F a
ll im
pact
the
edge
of t
he tr
anse
ct. T
he p
lant
can
opy
for p
lant
s B, C
, and
E a
re
outs
ide
of th
e ar
ea o
f con
sider
atio
n an
d sh
ould
be
igno
red.
The
righ
t han
d po
rtion
of t
he C
ASI
sc
reen
illu
stra
tes t
he e
ntry
of d
ata
for t
his c
anop
y ga
p.
Figu
re 1
0-3.
Ove
rhea
d vi
ew
of a
tran
sect
segm
ent
illus
tratin
g pl
ant b
ases
and
as
soci
ated
per
enni
al p
lant
ca
nopy
.
Figu
re 1
0-4.
Initi
al e
ntry
for t
his
pere
nnia
l pla
nt c
anop
y ga
p.
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
11-
1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
So
il St
abili
ty T
est
11.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to
• So
il Su
rfac
e St
abili
ty
11.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
11.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
11.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
is p
roce
dure
will
requ
ire so
me
prac
tice
to b
ecom
e pr
ofic
ient
. •
Wal
k on
the
sout
h si
de o
f the
tran
sect
line
to a
void
dis
turb
ing
vege
tatio
n an
d so
il pa
rticl
es.
• A
cqui
re su
rfac
e so
il sa
mpl
es a
t lea
st tw
o in
ches
aw
ay fr
om th
e tra
nsec
t lin
e to
avo
id
dist
urbi
ng d
ata
colle
ctio
n po
ints
. •
Can
opy
cove
r for
soil
aggr
egat
e st
abili
ty to
exc
lude
ann
ual p
lant
s and
incl
ude
only
bi
enni
al p
lant
s, pe
renn
ial p
lant
s, sh
rubs
and
tree
s.
ESD
/FSG
Opt
ion
NR
I Opt
ion
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
11-
2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
11.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
11.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
soil
aggr
egat
e st
abili
ty d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
; and
opt
iona
lly fo
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge.
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
soil
aggr
egat
e st
abili
ty d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
; and
opt
iona
lly fo
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge.
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, so
il ag
greg
ate
stab
ility
dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r BLM
- m
anag
ed F
eder
al p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
.
11.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
The
follo
win
g re
sour
ces m
ay b
e us
eful
in c
olle
ctin
g da
ta fo
r thi
s cha
pter
:
• H
erric
k, J.
E., W
.G. W
hitfo
rd, A
.G. d
e So
yza,
J.W
. Van
Zee
, K.M
. Hav
stad
, C.A
. Se
ybol
d, a
nd M
. Wal
ton.
200
1. S
oil a
ggre
gate
stab
ility
kit
for f
ield
-bas
ed so
il qu
ality
and
ra
ngel
and
heal
th e
valu
atio
ns. C
aten
a 44
:27-
35. (
onlin
e at
the
Mon
itorin
g &
Ass
essm
ent
link
at: h
ttps:
//jor
nada
.nm
su.e
du/m
onit-
asse
ss)
• H
erric
k, J.
E., J
.W. V
anZe
e, K
.M. H
avst
ad, a
nd W
.G. W
hitfo
rd. 2
004.
Mon
itorin
g m
anua
l fo
r gra
ssla
nd, s
hrub
land
and
sava
nna
ecos
yste
ms.
Vol
. I: Q
uick
Sta
rt. D
raft.
USD
A-A
RS
Jorn
ada
Expe
rimen
tal R
ange
, Las
Cru
ces,
New
Mex
ico.
(onl
ine
at th
e M
onito
ring
&
Ass
essm
ent l
ink
at: h
ttps:
//jor
nada
.nm
su.e
du/m
onit-
asse
ss)
11.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Soil
Stab
ility
11
.5.1
Equ
ipm
ent
• So
il st
abili
ty te
st k
it (p
rovi
ded)
•
Dei
oniz
ed w
ater
(any
non
carb
onat
ed b
ottle
d w
ater
exc
ept m
iner
al w
ater
(1 q
uart
per t
est)
• St
opw
atch
or c
hron
ogra
ph w
atch
(CA
SI a
lso
prov
ides
tim
er)
• Sm
all s
pray
bot
tle (a
tom
izer
or e
quiv
alen
t with
ver
y fin
e m
ist)
11.5
.2 D
efin
ition
s
Soil
aggr
egat
e st
abili
ty. S
oils
var
y in
the
degr
ee to
whi
ch th
ey a
re v
ulne
rabl
e to
ext
erna
lly
impo
sed
dest
ruct
ive
forc
es. A
ggre
gate
stab
ility
is a
mea
sure
of t
his v
ulne
rabi
lity.
For
exa
mpl
e,
soil
stru
ctur
e m
ay b
egin
to d
eter
iora
te v
isib
ly a
nd ra
pidl
y as
the
soil
surf
ace
is su
bjec
ted
to
dest
ruct
ive
forc
es su
ch a
s rep
eate
d tra
ffic
, mac
hine
ry, c
ultiv
atio
n, h
oof i
mpa
ct, a
nd w
ater
and
w
ind
eros
ion.
[NR
I-03-
Ran
ge]
Soil
Stab
ility
Tes
t. Th
is te
st p
rovi
des i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t the
inte
grity
of s
oil a
ggre
gate
s, so
il st
ruct
ural
dev
elop
men
t, an
d er
osio
n re
sist
ance
. The
test
mea
sure
s the
stab
ility
of t
he so
il w
hen
expo
sed
to ra
pid
wet
ting.
Soi
l agg
rega
te st
abili
ty is
aff
ecte
d by
text
ure
(soi
l par
ticle
size
) and
bi
otic
and
min
eral
con
stitu
ents
that
may
be
pres
ent.
[NR
I-03-
Ran
ge]
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
11-
3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
11.5
.3 P
roce
dure
1.
St
art a
t the
zer
o (0
.0) e
nd o
f the
NE-
SW tr
anse
ct (t
rans
ect 1
). Se
lect
smal
l sur
face
sam
ples
fr
om th
e se
lect
ed tr
anse
ct m
rks.
The
num
ber o
f sam
ples
will
var
y de
pend
ing
upon
whe
ther
yo
u se
lect
ed th
e N
RI o
r eco
logi
cal s
ite d
ata
colle
ctio
n op
tion.
N
ote:
If th
e po
int c
an b
e us
ed fo
r ESD
doc
umen
tatio
n, th
e C
ASI
will
pro
vide
18
sub-
plot
s for
so
il st
abili
ty a
t tra
nsec
t mrk
s 15,
30,
45,
60,
75,
90,
105
, 120
, and
135
on
each
tran
sect
. If t
he
NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion
optio
n is
sele
cted
(see
Cha
pter
8 fo
r mor
e in
form
atio
n), o
nly
9 su
bplo
ts
(5 fr
om th
e N
E/SW
tran
sect
and
4 fr
om th
e N
W/S
E tra
nsec
t will
be
sam
pled
.
• A
lway
s sam
ple
at le
ast 2
inch
es fr
om a
ny
vege
tatio
n m
easu
rem
ent l
ine.
•
As a
rule
of t
hum
b, o
btai
n sa
mpl
es o
ne
stab
ility
box
leng
th a
way
from
the
trans
ect
line.
•
If a
surf
ace
root
mat
, mos
s, du
ff o
r wat
er (o
n th
e so
il su
rfac
e) is
pre
sent
, the
pro
cedu
re n
eed
not b
e co
mpl
eted
. Sel
ect r
oot m
at w
ith o
r w
ithou
t can
opy
from
the
CASI
cho
ice
list a
nd
mov
e to
the
next
mar
k.
• A
lway
s wal
k on
the
sout
h si
de o
f the
tran
sect
ta
pe a
nd o
btai
n sa
mpl
e fr
om th
e un
dist
urbe
d ar
ea a
long
the
trans
ect l
ine.
2.
Rec
ord
the
pres
ence
or a
bsen
ce o
f can
opy
for t
he
sam
ple
in th
e C
ASI
scre
en in
the
corr
espo
ndin
g en
try c
ell.
• C
anop
y is
reco
rded
as p
rese
nt if
ther
e is
at
leas
t 50
perc
ent c
anop
y ov
er th
e sa
mpl
e.
• C
anop
y co
ver f
or so
il ag
greg
ate
stab
ility
to
excl
ude
annu
al p
lant
s and
incl
ude
only
bi
enni
al p
lant
s, pe
renn
ial p
lant
s, sh
rubs
and
tre
es.
3.
Exca
vate
a sm
all t
renc
h 1/
2 in
ch d
eep
in fr
ont o
f th
e ar
ea to
be
sam
pled
(fig
. 11-
1).
4.
Use
the
spat
ula
to li
ft a
surfa
ce fr
agm
ent (
soil
ped)
from
the
trenc
h (f
ig. 1
1-2)
. The
size
shou
ld
be 1
/4 in
ch (6
-8 m
m) i
n di
amet
er a
nd n
o m
ore
than
1/8
inch
(2-3
mm
) thi
ck. D
o no
t sha
tter t
he
soil
frag
men
t dur
ing
sam
plin
g. It
may
wor
k be
st
to li
ft ou
t a la
rger
frag
men
t and
car
eful
ly b
reak
it
dow
n to
the
desi
red
size
.
• If
the
sam
ple
mrk
was
dis
turb
ed b
y pr
evio
us
mea
sure
men
ts o
r is c
over
ed b
y ro
ck (>
1/4
inch
dia
met
er),
wat
er, o
r em
bedd
ed li
tter (
i.e.,
rem
oval
of l
itter
dis
turb
s soi
l sur
face
and
/or
leav
es a
n in
dent
atio
n in
the
soil’
s sur
face
), ra
ndom
ly se
lect
ano
ther
poi
nt b
y m
ovin
g 1/
2
Figu
re 1
1-1.
Exc
avat
e a
smal
l tre
nch.
Figu
re 1
1-2.
Col
lect
surf
ace
sam
ple.
Figu
re 1
1-3.
Pla
ce sa
mpl
e in
the
siev
e.
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
11-
4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
foot
dow
n th
e lin
e. R
epea
t unt
il yo
u re
ach
an a
ppro
pria
te sa
mpl
ing
poin
t. A
ll sa
mpl
es
mus
t be
at le
ast 5
ft a
part.
Spec
ial c
ircum
stan
ces:
• L
iche
n on
soil:
sam
ple
and
test
the
liche
n (it
is o
ften
a st
abili
ty c
lass
6).
• M
oss o
n so
il: C
ode
as a
root
mat
in th
e C
ASI
, mov
e to
the
next
soil
stab
ility
mrk
. •
Duf
f on
soil:
Cod
e as
a ro
ot m
at in
the
CA
SI. D
uff i
s the
laye
r jus
t bel
ow li
tter.
It co
nsis
ts o
f dec
ompo
sing
leav
es a
nd o
ther
org
anic
mat
eria
l. Th
ere
shou
ld b
e N
O
reco
gniz
able
pla
nt p
arts
. The
duf
f lay
er is
usu
ally
dar
k de
com
pose
d or
gani
c m
atte
r. Th
e bo
ttom
of t
he d
uff l
ayer
is th
e po
int w
here
min
eral
soil
(A h
oriz
on) b
egin
s. •
Plan
t bas
e: re
mov
e a
sam
ple
from
insi
de th
e pl
ant b
ase
or a
s clo
se a
s pos
sibl
e to
the
edge
of t
he p
lant
bas
e.
• W
ater
: As p
art o
f a w
etla
nd si
te, c
ode
as a
root
mat
in th
e C
ASI
.
Not
e: If
the
sam
ple
is to
o w
eakl
y st
ruct
ured
(fal
ls th
roug
h si
eve)
, mis
t it l
ight
ly w
ith w
ater
usi
ng
an a
tom
izer
or e
quiv
alen
t, an
d th
en ta
ke th
e sa
mpl
e. If
this
pro
cedu
re fa
ils to
pro
duce
an
adeq
uate
sa
mpl
e, ra
te th
e sa
mpl
e a
1 (s
ee st
ep 9
- ra
tings
).
5.
Gen
tly p
lace
the
sam
ple
in a
dry
siev
e (f
ig. 1
1-3)
and
pla
ce in
the
dry
box
begi
nnin
g in
the
top
left
corn
er.
6.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for e
ach
of th
e se
lect
ed m
rks o
n bo
th tr
anse
cts (
1 an
d 2)
pla
cing
sam
ples
top
to b
otto
m a
nd
left
to ri
ght.
This
resu
lts in
9 sa
mpl
es p
lace
d in
the
dry
box
as sh
own
in fi
gure
11-
4 (1
8 if
used
for e
colo
gica
l site
do
cum
enta
tion)
.
• Th
e sa
mpl
es m
ust b
e dr
y be
fore
pro
ceed
ing
with
the
test
. If n
ot d
ry, a
llow
the
sam
ples
to a
ir dr
y w
ith th
e lid
off
the
colle
ctio
n bo
x.
• D
o no
t lea
ve th
e lid
clo
sed
on th
e sa
mpl
es fo
r mor
e th
an 1
min
ute
on h
ot/s
unny
day
s. Ex
cess
ive
heat
can
sign
ifica
ntly
incr
ease
hum
idity
in
the
sam
ple
box,
whi
ch w
ill a
ffec
t the
stab
ility
test
.
7.
Fill
the
wat
er b
ox w
ith d
eion
ized
or d
istil
led
wat
er
(fig
. 11-
5).
• Fi
ll ea
ch c
ompa
rtmen
t to
the
top.
•
The
wat
er sh
ould
be
appr
oxim
atel
y th
e sa
me
tem
pera
ture
as t
he so
il (n
o m
elte
d sn
ow).
• If
the
sam
ple
is h
ydro
phob
ic (f
loat
s on
the
wat
er su
rfac
e) p
ush
it un
der t
he w
ater
unt
il it
no lo
nger
floa
ts o
n to
p.
8.
Test
the
sam
ples
follo
win
g th
e se
quen
ce li
sted
be
low
:
• Lo
wer
the
first
siev
e in
to th
e up
per l
eft c
ell
(oth
er b
ox, s
ame
cell
as it
cam
e fr
om)
• It
shou
ld ta
ke 1
seco
nd fr
om th
e tim
e th
e sc
reen
touc
hes t
he w
ater
unt
il it
rest
s on
the
botto
m.
Figu
re 1
1-4.
Sam
ple
orde
r in
dry
and
wet
box
.
Figu
re 1
1-5.
Com
plet
e te
st ki
t with
w
ater
and
sam
ples
.
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
11-
5
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ary
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razi
ng L
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• St
art t
he st
opw
atch
or C
ASI
tim
er w
hen
the
first
sam
ple
touc
hes t
he w
ater
. •
Follo
w th
e se
quen
ce o
f im
mer
sion
s, ad
ding
one
sam
ple
ever
y 15
seco
nds,
top
to b
otto
m,
left
to ri
ght (
see
fig. 1
1-4)
. •
Obs
erve
the
sam
ples
for 5
min
utes
(300
seco
nds)
. •
Stab
ility
ratin
g co
des 0
-3 a
re re
serv
ed fo
r sam
ples
that
show
loss
of s
truct
ural
inte
grity
pr
ior t
o 30
0 se
cond
s (se
e ra
ting
desc
riptio
n).
• A
fter e
xact
ly 5
min
utes
, rai
se th
e ba
sket
com
plet
ely
out o
f the
wat
er a
nd th
en lo
wer
it
near
ly to
the
botto
m (d
o no
t allo
w it
to b
ump
the
botto
m).
Rep
eat t
his i
mm
ersi
on fi
ve
times
. Car
eful
ly n
ote
the
cond
ition
of t
he so
il sa
mpl
es a
nd u
se th
e ta
ble
belo
w to
rate
th
em. D
o th
is e
ven
if yo
u al
read
y ra
ted
the
sam
ple
1, 2
, or
3. (Y
ou a
re a
llow
ed to
ch
ange
you
r ra
ting
base
d on
the
siev
ing.
) It s
houl
d ta
ke a
bout
1 se
cond
for t
he b
aske
t to
cle
ar th
e su
rfac
e of
the
wat
er a
nd 1
seco
nd to
low
er it
to th
e bo
ttom
(tot
al 1
0 se
cond
s to
siev
e).
9.
Rec
ord
the
soil
stab
ility
ratin
g in
form
atio
n in
the
CA
SI e
ntry
scre
en.
• Th
e te
st k
it is
set u
p w
ith th
ree
row
s of s
ix c
olum
ns (y
ou o
nly
need
to u
se 3
col
umns
if
poin
t is n
ot fo
r eco
logi
cal s
ite d
ocum
enta
tion)
. Car
e sh
ould
be
take
n to
ent
er th
e ra
tings
in
the
right
ord
er.
• R
ate
the
sam
ple
base
d on
the
amou
nt o
f soi
l rem
aini
ng a
nd c
all o
ut st
abili
ty c
lass
to th
e in
divi
dual
reco
rdin
g da
ta in
the
CA
SI. D
o no
t inc
lude
sand
and
gra
vel p
artic
les t
hat
cann
ot p
ass t
hrou
gh th
e si
eve.
CA
SI sc
reen
cho
ices
:
1 =
50%
of s
truct
ural
inte
grity
lost
, (m
elts
) with
in 5
seco
nds o
f im
mer
sion
in w
ater
OR
soil
too
unst
able
to sa
mpl
e (f
alls
thro
ugh
the
siev
e) A
ND
less
than
10%
rem
ains
afte
r 5 d
ippi
ng c
ycle
s
2 =
50%
of s
truct
ural
inte
grity
lost
, (m
elts
) 5-3
0 se
cond
s afte
r im
mer
sion
AN
D le
ss th
an 1
0%
rem
ains
afte
r 5 d
ippi
ng c
ycle
s
3 =
50%
of s
truct
ural
inte
grity
lost
, (m
elts
) 30-
300
seco
nds a
fter i
mm
ersi
on O
R <
10%
rem
ains
on
the
siev
e af
ter 5
dip
ping
cyc
les.
4 =
10-2
5% o
f orig
inal
soil
mat
eria
l rem
ains
on
the
siev
e af
ter 5
dip
ping
cyc
les
5 =
25-7
5% o
f orig
inal
soil
mat
eria
l rem
ains
on
the
siev
e af
ter 5
dip
ping
cyc
les
6 =
75-1
00%
of o
rigin
al so
il m
ater
ial r
emai
ns o
n th
e sie
ve a
fter 5
dip
ping
cyc
les
So
il St
abili
ty T
est |
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ctio
n H
andb
ook
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stru
ctio
ns
11.6
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls Th
e fo
llow
ing
exam
ple
phot
os il
lust
ratin
g st
abili
ty c
lass
ratin
gs sh
ow th
e ke
y st
eps o
f tes
ting
soil
sam
ples
for f
our s
tabi
lity
ratin
gs. S
ome
of th
e fr
agm
ents
show
n in
thes
e sa
mpl
es m
ay a
ppea
r la
rge.
The
y ar
e fo
r illu
stra
tion
only
. Be
sure
to fo
llow
the
frag
men
t siz
e gu
idel
ines
(1/4
inch
di
amet
er a
nd n
o m
ore
than
1/8
inch
thic
k).
Sequ
ence
for
stab
ility
cla
ss =
1
Orig
inal
sam
ple
Afte
r 5 se
cond
s A
fter 5
min
utes
A
fter 5
dip
s
Sequ
ence
for
stab
ility
cla
ss =
4
Orig
inal
sam
ple
Afte
r 5 se
cond
s A
fter 5
min
utes
A
fter 5
dip
s
Sequ
ence
for
stab
ility
cla
ss =
5
Orig
inal
sam
ple
Afte
r 5 se
cond
s A
fter 5
min
utes
A
fter 5
dip
s
Sequ
ence
for
stab
ility
cla
ss =
6
Orig
inal
sam
ple
Afte
r 5 se
cond
s A
fter 5
min
utes
A
fter 5
dip
s
Pl
ant H
eigh
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a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
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stru
ctio
ns
Pl
ant H
eigh
t
12.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Pl
ant h
eigh
t
12.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
12.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
12.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
On-
site
dat
a co
llect
ion
info
rmat
ion
will
be
gath
ered
at t
he
certi
fied
poin
t loc
atio
ns. C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
are
the
geog
raph
ic
coor
dina
te sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
se
gmen
ts th
at a
ccur
atel
y de
scrib
e th
e lo
catio
n of
eac
h po
int a
nd
segm
ent i
n pr
ior N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is
uniq
ue fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t.
Iden
tify
plan
t spe
cies
; ent
er p
lant
spec
ies c
ode
into
CA
SI, t
hen
mea
sure
hei
ght a
ccor
ding
to
heig
ht c
riter
ia.
• D
ata
entry
is o
nly
requ
ired
whe
n pl
ants
are
pre
sent
at o
ne o
f the
14
loca
tions
des
igna
ted
in th
e “P
roce
dure
s” se
ctio
n.
• C
hang
ing
trans
ects
can
be
slow
on
this
scre
en, b
e pa
tient
.
12.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
12.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
pla
nt h
eigh
t dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e or
220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, p
lant
hei
ght d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for n
on-F
eder
al
poin
ts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e or
220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he B
LM ra
nge
sam
ple,
pla
nt h
eigh
t dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r BLM
-man
aged
Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed
as ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
).
12.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
Non
e re
quire
d.
12.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Plan
t Hei
ght
Pl
ant H
eigh
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2-2
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olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
12.5
.1 E
quip
men
t •
Surv
ey ro
d or
oth
er su
itabl
e pa
stur
e he
ight
mea
surin
g st
ick
with
gra
duat
ions
in 0
.5 in
ches
an
d fe
et.
• C
linom
eter
12.5
.2 D
efin
ition
s T
rans
ect.
A c
ross
-sec
tion
of a
n ar
ea u
sed
as a
sam
ple
for r
ecor
ding
, map
ping
, or s
tudy
ing
vege
tatio
n an
d its
use
; may
be
a se
ries o
f plo
ts, a
bel
t or s
trip,
or m
erel
y a
line.
In th
e ra
ngel
and
field
stud
y, tw
o 15
0-fo
ot tr
anse
ct li
nes i
nter
sect
at t
he N
RI s
ampl
e po
int (
fig. 1
2-2)
. M
easu
rem
ents
are
take
n at
pre
dete
rmin
ed m
rks a
long
the
trans
ect l
ine.
The
tran
sect
arm
s are
or
ient
ed 4
5 de
gree
s in
both
dire
ctio
ns fr
om m
agne
tic n
orth
. Tra
nsec
t dis
tanc
es a
re re
cord
ed fr
om
the
NE
to S
W a
nd N
W to
SE
from
a ta
pe st
retc
hed
alon
g th
e gr
ound
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
Plan
t Hei
ght:
For t
his p
roto
col,
the
heig
ht o
f the
talle
st li
ving
or d
ead
plan
t par
t (in
clud
ing
seed
he
ads)
inte
rsec
ting
a 12
inch
dia
met
er v
ertic
al c
ylin
der t
ange
nt to
the
desi
gnat
ed tr
anse
ct m
rk.
Do
not s
tret
ch th
e pl
ant w
hile
mak
ing
the
mea
sure
men
t.
12.4
.3 P
roce
dure
1.
St
art a
t the
zer
o (0
.0) e
nd o
f the
NE-
SW tr
anse
ct
(tran
sect
1).
• Th
e C
ASI
will
def
ault
data
ent
ry to
the
first
pl
ant h
eigh
t loc
atio
n at
mrk
15.
•
Subs
eque
nt o
bser
vatio
ns a
re m
ade
ever
y 10
feet
at
mrk
s 25,
35,
45,
55,
65,
75,
85,
95,
105
, 115
, 12
5, 1
35 a
nd 1
45
2.
At e
ach
desi
gnat
ed m
rk, s
epar
atel
y de
term
ine
for
herb
aceo
us a
nd w
oody
spec
ies t
he ta
llest
livi
ng o
r de
ad p
lant
with
in a
pro
ject
ed 1
2-in
ch d
iam
eter
ve
rtica
l cyl
inde
r. Th
e cy
linde
r is t
ange
nt to
the
mrk
an
d on
the
north
side
of t
he ta
pe.
3.
Rec
ord
the
plan
t spe
cies
and
hei
ght f
rom
the
CA
SI
choi
ce li
sts f
or h
erba
ceou
s and
woo
dy p
lant
s.
• Th
e pl
ant s
peci
es c
hoic
e lis
t is t
he sa
me
one
used
in th
e lin
e po
int i
nter
cept
pro
toco
l, pl
ant
cens
us p
roto
col a
nd d
ry w
eigh
t ran
k pr
otoc
ol.
• R
ecor
d th
e he
ight
whe
re th
e pl
ant i
nter
sect
s the
6-in
ch ra
dius
of t
he tr
anse
ct m
rk, n
ot th
e to
tal h
eigh
t of t
he p
lant
. •
Do
not s
tret
ch th
e pl
ant w
hile
mak
ing
the
mea
sure
men
t. •
Rec
ord
plan
t hei
ght b
y ca
tego
ry:
o
Rec
ord
the
heig
ht o
f pla
nts 0
-6 fe
et ta
ll to
the
near
est i
nch.
o
R
ecor
d th
e he
ight
of p
lant
s tha
t exc
eed
6 fe
et in
hei
ght t
o th
e ne
ares
t foo
t.
o
Plan
ts g
reat
er th
an 6
0 fe
et sh
ould
be
reco
rded
as “
61+
ft” ta
ll.
• Fo
r mor
e in
form
atio
n on
man
agin
g an
d us
ing
plan
t spe
cies
cho
ice
lists
refe
r to
the
App
endi
x A
of t
he H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns.
Figu
re 1
2-1.
Tra
nsec
t lay
out
diag
ram
. Sta
rt at
15
and
mak
e he
ight
obs
erva
tions
eve
ry 1
0 fe
et.
Pl
ant H
eigh
t | 1
2-3
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olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
4.
For s
hrub
s and
tree
s, us
e a
clin
omet
er to
mea
sure
the
heig
ht th
e ta
llest
livi
ng o
r dea
d tre
e or
sh
rub
part
with
in a
pro
ject
ed 1
2-in
ch d
iam
eter
ver
tical
cyl
inde
r. St
andi
ng a
t a fi
xed
dist
ance
(n
ot le
ss th
an th
e he
ight
of t
he tr
ee p
art b
eing
mea
sure
d) fr
om th
e ba
se o
f the
tree
, sig
ht to
the
talle
st p
art o
f tre
e in
terc
eptin
g th
e pr
ojec
ted
12-in
ch d
iam
eter
ver
tical
cyl
inde
r, no
ting
the
angl
e ex
pres
sed
as a
per
cent
. The
n m
easu
re to
the
botto
m o
f the
tree
, aga
in u
sing
per
cent
. Su
btra
ct th
e pe
rcen
t slo
pe to
the
botto
m o
f the
tree
from
the
slop
e to
the
high
est p
art o
f the
tre
e in
terc
eptin
g th
e pr
ojec
ted
12-in
ch d
iam
eter
ver
tical
cyl
inde
r. N
ote
that
whe
n th
e gr
ound
sl
opes
dow
nwar
ds, y
ou re
cord
a n
egat
ive
slop
e to
the
base
of t
he tr
ee. W
hen
this
is su
btra
cted
fr
om th
e sl
ope
to th
e to
p of
the
tree,
it is
act
ually
bei
ng a
dded
. The
se n
umbe
rs a
re th
en
divi
ded
by 1
00, a
nd m
ultip
lied
by th
e di
stan
ce fr
om th
e tre
e. T
here
is st
ill so
me
erro
r in
this
nu
mbe
r, be
caus
e th
e di
stan
ce is
mea
sure
d al
ong
the
grou
nd, a
nd is
not
the
actu
al h
oriz
onta
l di
stan
ce. B
y st
andi
ng a
t the
bas
e of
the
tree,
you
mar
k yo
ur e
ye le
vel.
Then
stan
d ba
ck, a
nd
find
the
slop
e ex
pres
sed
as a
deg
ree
to th
e m
ark.
Thi
s is t
he sl
ope
of th
e gr
ound
. By
taki
ng
the
cosi
ne o
f tha
t num
ber,
and
mul
tiply
ing
it w
ith th
e pr
evio
us n
umbe
r, yo
u ca
lcul
ate
the
heig
ht o
f the
tree
par
t int
erce
ptin
g th
e pr
ojec
ted
12-in
ch d
iam
eter
ver
tical
cyl
inde
r.
5.
Rep
eat f
or tr
anse
ct 2
(NW
-SE)
.
12.5
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
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ry W
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ctio
ns
D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
k (D
WR
) Met
hod
(Opt
iona
l)
13.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• D
ry w
eigh
t ran
king
by
plan
t spe
cies
usi
ng th
e D
ry
Wei
ght R
ank
Met
hod
13.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
13.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es in
C
hapt
er 6
.
13.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• D
ry w
eigh
t qua
drat
s are
eva
luat
ed a
t reg
ular
inte
rval
s be
ginn
ing
at th
e 12
.5 ft
mrk
; the
reaf
ter,
ever
y 12
.5 ft
. •
10 q
uadr
ats a
re sa
mpl
ed o
n ea
ch tr
anse
ct m
akin
g a
tota
l of 2
0 qu
adra
ts p
er p
oint
•
Use
a 1
.92
sq. f
t plo
t qua
drat
whe
re v
eget
atio
n is
rela
tivel
y ho
mog
eneo
us a
nd o
f sho
rt st
atur
e. S
tand
s with
gre
ater
het
erog
enei
ty, u
se a
4.8
sq. f
t. qu
adra
t.
13.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
13.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Th
is is
an
optio
nal p
roto
col f
or b
oth
past
urel
and
and
rang
elan
d.
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
rang
e sa
mpl
e, d
ry w
eigh
t ran
k da
ta c
an b
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, d
ry w
eigh
t ran
k da
ta c
an b
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he B
LM ra
nge
sam
ple,
dry
wei
ght r
ank
data
can
be
docu
men
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
13.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ces a
re re
quire
d:
• Pl
ant i
dent
ifica
tion
aids
•
USD
A-N
RC
S N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k, 1
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ry W
eigh
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WR
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iona
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ctio
ns
13.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Fiel
d W
eigh
t by
Spec
ies
13.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s H
erba
ceou
s Pla
nt. A
term
use
d to
refe
renc
e ve
geta
tive
plan
ts w
ith li
ttle
or n
o w
oody
co
mpo
nent
, usu
ally
gra
min
oids
and
forb
s. [N
RPH
]
Woo
dy p
lant
. A te
rm u
sed
in re
fere
nce
to tr
ees,
shru
bs, o
r bro
wse
that
cha
ract
eris
tical
ly c
onta
in
pers
iste
nt li
gneo
us m
ater
ial.
[NR
PH]
DW
R q
uadr
at (p
lot)
. A p
lot o
r qua
drat
est
ablis
hed
alon
g th
e tra
nsec
t at p
rede
term
ined
inte
rval
s to
pro
vide
are
as fo
r det
erm
inin
g dr
y w
eigh
t per
cent
com
posi
tion
by sp
ecie
s.
13.5
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
St
art a
t the
zer
o (0
.0) e
nd o
f the
NE-
SW tr
anse
ct (t
rans
ect 1
).
• Fo
r add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
the
plot
and
tran
sect
, ref
er to
Cha
pter
3, S
ectio
n 3.
6,
Proc
edur
e fo
r Est
ablis
hing
/Doc
umen
ting
the
Sam
ple
Plot
and
Tra
nsec
ts.
• A
lway
s sta
nd o
n th
e so
uth
side
of t
he tr
anse
ct to
avo
id d
istu
rbin
g th
e m
easu
rem
ent a
rea.
•
The
line
shou
ld b
e ta
ut a
nd p
lace
d as
clo
se to
the
grou
nd a
s pos
sibl
e.
2.
Det
erm
ine
the
prop
er si
ze fr
ame
by d
oing
pre
limin
ary
sam
plin
g on
the
site
with
diff
eren
t siz
e fr
ames
. Sel
ect a
fram
e si
ze o
n th
e pr
emis
e th
at m
ost f
ram
e qu
adra
ts a
long
eac
h tra
nsec
t will
co
ntai
n th
ree
or m
ore
spec
ies.
• A
larg
e fr
ame
size
will
requ
ire sc
anni
ng so
car
e m
ust b
e ta
ken
to a
void
err
ors o
f dou
ble
coun
ting
or sk
ippi
ng a
n ar
ea o
f ass
essm
ent.
Gen
eral
ly, a
2.4
sq. f
t. fr
ame
is th
e la
rges
t fr
ame
that
can
be
view
ed w
ithou
t hav
ing
to sc
an th
e gr
ound
. •
For h
omog
eneo
us so
d-fo
rmin
g pa
stur
es, w
ith lo
w st
atur
e, th
e 1.
92 sq
uare
foot
qua
drat
w
orks
wel
l. A
squa
re q
uadr
at w
hose
insi
de d
imen
sion
s are
16
5/8”
X 1
6 5/
8”, o
r a
rect
angu
lar q
uadr
at w
hose
insi
de d
imen
sion
s are
qua
drat
1’ X
1’ 1
1 1/
16”.
•
For v
eget
ativ
e st
ands
with
gre
ater
het
erog
enei
ty a
nd ta
ller s
tatu
re, i
ncre
ase
quad
rat t
o 4.
8 sq
. ft.
to a
ccom
mod
ate
at le
ast 2
or m
ore
com
plet
e pl
ant c
row
ns.
3.
For e
ach
quad
rat (
plot
), pl
ace
the
sam
plin
g fr
ame
at th
e pr
edet
erm
ined
tran
sect
mrk
. DW
R
quad
rat t
rans
ect m
rks a
re lo
cate
d at
12.
5, 2
5, 3
7.5,
50,
62.
5, 8
7.5,
100
, 112
.5, 1
25 a
dn13
7.5-
foot
inte
rval
s on
both
tran
sect
s. D
WR
plo
ts o
verla
p w
ith q
uadr
ats s
ampl
ed in
stan
ding
bi
omas
s/pr
oduc
tion
prot
ocol
s. A
cces
s to
quad
rat m
rk d
ata
entry
cel
ls c
an b
e ad
just
ed b
y se
lect
ing
the
disp
laye
d ra
dio
butto
ns a
t the
top
of th
e CA
SI sc
reen
.
• Fo
r rec
tang
ular
and
squa
re q
uadr
ats,
plac
e th
e lo
wer
righ
t han
d co
rner
of t
he q
uadr
at
fram
e at
the
pred
eter
min
ed tr
anse
ct m
rk.
• Fo
r circ
ular
qua
drat
s, ce
nter
the
botto
m o
f the
fram
e or
cab
le a
t the
pre
dete
rmin
ed
quad
rat m
rk. I
f usi
ng a
cab
le o
r loo
p, a
rran
ge it
to b
e as
clo
se to
a fu
ll ci
rcle
as i
s po
ssib
le.
4.
Shift
any
veg
etat
ion
lyin
g un
dern
eath
the
fram
e to
the
side
of t
he fr
ame
it is
root
ed o
n.
5.
Det
erm
ine
the
orde
r of d
ry w
eigh
t pro
duct
ion
of th
e to
p th
ree
plan
t spe
cies
in th
e qu
adra
t re
gard
less
of t
he fo
rage
val
ue o
f the
spec
ies.
Ran
k th
e th
ree
dom
inan
t pla
nt sp
ecie
s (us
ually
) in
the
fram
e ac
cord
ing
to th
e cr
iteria
in T
able
13-
1.
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ry W
eigh
t Ran
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WR
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iona
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olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• In
som
e ca
ses t
here
will
be
less
than
3 sp
ecie
s in
a qu
adra
t. Fo
llow
the
inst
ruct
ions
in
tabl
e 13
-2 w
hen
ente
ring
rank
ing
info
rmat
ion
in th
e CA
SI.
• E
ach
quad
rat m
ust h
ave
at le
ast o
ne sp
ecie
s with
a r
anki
ng o
f 1. I
f ran
king
s 2 a
nd 3
ar
e ex
clud
ed, t
hey
will
be
auto
mat
ical
ly c
redi
ted
to th
e pl
ant r
anke
d 1.
Ref
er to
sect
ion
13.6
for s
peci
fic e
xam
ples
.
6.
Rec
ord
spec
ies f
rom
the
CASI
cho
ice
list a
nd ra
nk a
ccor
ding
to w
eigh
t ran
k as
des
crib
ed in
st
ep 5
.
• Th
is p
roto
col a
lso
uses
the
line
poin
t int
erce
pt a
nd p
lant
cen
sus p
lant
cho
ice
list.
Sear
chin
g fo
r pla
nts a
lso
wor
ks th
e sa
me
here
as i
n ot
her p
roto
cols
whe
re p
lant
nam
e ar
e us
ed. R
efer
to A
ppen
dix
A fo
r mor
e in
form
atio
n on
usin
g pl
ant n
ames
in th
e C
ASI
. •
Each
DW
R C
ASI
scre
en c
an h
old
up to
7 p
lant
s, ad
ditio
nal s
cree
ns c
an b
e cr
eate
d by
Tab
le 1
3-1.
Ran
king
crit
eria
for t
he D
ry W
eigh
t Pro
toco
l
Ran
k C
rite
ria
1 Pl
ant s
peci
es w
ith th
e hi
ghes
t wei
ght i
n qu
adra
t, m
ost o
r ver
y do
min
ant
2 Pl
ant s
peci
es w
ith 2
nd h
ighe
st w
eigh
t in
quad
rat,
not
as d
omin
ant a
s 1 b
ut n
ot th
e le
ast p
rodu
ctiv
e in
the
quad
rat
3 Pl
ant s
peci
es w
ith 3
rd h
ighe
st w
eigh
t in
quad
rat,
leas
t pro
duct
ive
but s
till d
omin
ant i
n th
e qu
adra
t T
able
13-
2. S
peci
es c
ompo
sitio
n an
d R
ank
Cat
egor
y O
ptio
ns
Spec
ies c
ompo
sitio
n in
fr
ame
by sp
ecie
s nu
mbe
r R
ank
Cat
egor
y O
ptio
ns in
CA
SI
Prod
uctio
n D
istr
ibut
ion
Onl
y on
e sp
ecie
s in
the
fram
e R
ank
1 (N
o ra
nk 2
or 3
giv
en.)
100%
to sp
ecie
s 1
Onl
y tw
o sp
ecie
s in
the
fram
e
Opt
ion
1: R
ank
one
spec
ies a
s 1 a
nd th
e ot
her s
peci
es a
s 2. (
No
rank
3 g
iven
). 70
% to
spec
ies 1
30
% to
spec
ies 2
O
ptio
n 2:
Ran
k on
e sp
ecie
s as 1
and
the
othe
r spe
cies
as 3
. (N
o ra
nk 2
giv
en).
90 %
to sp
ecie
s 1
10%
to sp
ecie
s 2
Thre
e sp
ecie
s or m
ore
in th
e fr
ame
Ran
k to
p th
ree
spec
ies a
s 1, 2
, and
3
acco
rdin
g to
vis
ual p
erce
nt c
ompo
sitio
n.
70%
to sp
ecie
s 1
20%
to sp
ecie
s 2
10%
to sp
ecie
s 3
Ties
Fa
vor t
he sp
ecie
s with
the
low
er a
nnua
l bi
omas
s pro
duct
ion
(see
tabl
e 13
-1) w
ith
the
high
er ra
nk. T
ies a
re n
ot a
llow
ed.
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ry W
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ctio
n H
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ook
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stru
ctio
ns
tapp
ing
the
add
butto
n to
cre
ate
addi
tiona
l scr
eens
as n
eede
d to
acc
omm
odat
e m
ore
plan
t sp
ecie
s. •
Key
out
any
pla
nt sp
ecie
s if i
n do
ubt.
Rec
ord
wee
dy sp
ecie
s as w
ell a
s for
age
spec
ies i
f th
ey h
ave
enou
gh d
ry m
atte
r to
rank
in th
e to
p 3
in a
qua
drat
. Pla
nt k
eys t
hat u
se
vege
tativ
e ch
arac
teris
tics a
re th
e be
st to
use
sinc
e se
ed h
eads
or f
low
ers a
re n
ot o
ften
pres
ent i
n gr
azed
fiel
ds.
7.
Adj
ust t
he re
lativ
e qu
adra
t yie
ld a
s nec
essa
ry. R
efer
to se
ctio
n 13
.6.3
for s
peci
fic g
uida
nce.
A
full
stan
d qu
adra
nt re
lativ
e yi
eld
ratin
g is
ass
umed
to b
e 5.
Thi
s val
ue is
dis
play
ed a
t the
top
of e
ach
quad
rat c
olum
n. A
djus
t the
rela
tive
yiel
d do
wn
if:
• A
qua
drat
con
tain
s prim
arily
low
er y
ield
ing
spec
ies (
e.g.
com
mon
whi
te c
love
r, an
nual
bl
uegr
ass,
dand
elio
n, o
r car
petg
rass
) whi
le th
e ot
her q
uadr
ats a
re m
ostly
hig
her y
ield
ing
spec
ies.
• A
qua
drat
falls
on
area
s with
a n
otic
eabl
y th
inne
r sta
nd o
f gra
ss o
r for
bs (u
nveg
etat
ed
gaps
pre
sent
) tha
n th
e de
nses
t qua
drat
s with
in th
e m
acro
plot
.
8.
Rep
eat t
his f
or th
e re
mai
ning
19
quad
rats
ent
erin
g ne
w p
lant
s in
the
CA
SI li
st a
s enc
ount
ered
. C
ompl
ete
the
quad
rat c
olum
n fo
r app
licab
le sp
ecie
s by
indi
vidu
al q
uadr
at. S
ome
prev
ious
ly
ente
red
spec
ies w
ill b
e sk
ippe
d de
pend
ing
upon
the
com
posi
tion
in a
par
ticul
ar q
uadr
at.
9.
A su
mm
ary
of D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
king
for t
he p
oint
can
be
disp
laye
d by
tapp
ing
the
sum
mar
y bu
tton
.
13.6
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
13.6
.1 O
verv
iew
Th
e D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
k m
etho
d is
a n
on-d
estru
ctiv
e vi
sual
es
timat
ion
proc
edur
e to
mea
sure
bot
anic
al c
ompo
sitio
n by
w
eigh
t. D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
k ha
s bee
n te
sted
aga
inst
act
ual c
lippi
ng
and
wei
ghin
g of
sepa
rate
spec
ies o
n a
varie
ty o
f pas
ture
and
ra
nge
type
s in
a va
riety
of c
limat
es. P
oten
tial b
iase
s are
adj
uste
d fo
r by
com
bini
ng D
ry W
eigh
t Ran
k w
ith R
elat
ive
Yie
ld a
nd
Cum
ulat
ive
Ran
king
. The
met
hod
prod
uces
an
estim
ate
of
perc
ent c
ompo
sitio
n by
wei
ght f
or th
e PS
U p
lot a
s acc
urat
e as
ot
her m
etho
ds b
ut is
fast
er a
nd re
peat
able
for l
ong-
term
m
onito
ring.
13.6
.2 R
anki
ng P
roce
dure
Th
e ob
serv
er a
ssig
ns ra
nks o
f one
, tw
o, a
nd th
ree
base
d on
the
indi
vidu
al sp
ecie
s rel
ativ
e co
ntrib
utio
n to
the
tota
l dry
wei
ght
cont
aine
d w
ithin
the
fram
e at
the
time
of v
iew
ing.
Vie
w th
e fr
ame
from
abo
ve. W
hen
estim
atin
g w
eigh
t rem
embe
r tha
t a h
igh
prop
ortio
n of
the
yiel
d is
in th
e lo
wer
laye
rs. I
t is e
ssen
tial t
o ga
uge
the
dens
ity o
f mat
eria
l in
thes
e lo
wer
laye
rs a
nd it
may
be
help
ful t
o ha
ndle
the
pastu
re m
ass.
Poin
ts to
con
side
r are
:
• th
e am
ount
of p
lant
mat
eria
l •
the
area
of b
are
grou
nd b
etw
een
plan
ts •
heig
ht
Figu
re 1
3-1.
Tap
on
the
sum
mar
y ra
dio
butto
n to
di
spla
y a
sum
mar
y of
en
tere
d D
WR
info
rmat
ion
by %
com
posi
tion.
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ry W
eigh
t Ran
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WR
) Met
hod
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iona
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n H
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of In
stru
ctio
ns
• pe
rcen
tage
of a
ttach
ed d
ry le
aves
•
diff
eren
ces i
n m
oist
ure
cont
ent o
f diff
eren
t spe
cies
•
diff
eren
ces i
n th
e sp
atia
l arra
ngem
ent o
f the
leav
es o
f diff
eren
t spe
cies
It is
fast
er to
rank
pla
nt sp
ecie
s tha
n to
ass
ign
dire
ct p
erce
ntag
e co
mpo
sitio
n. H
owev
er, a
coa
rse
visu
al p
erce
ntag
e of
com
posi
tion
by w
eigh
t is u
sed
to ra
nk th
e sp
ecie
s.
Ran
king
has
stan
dard
ized
val
ues.
A ra
nk o
f 1 c
orre
spon
ds to
70%
com
posi
tion,
rank
2 to
20%
, an
d ra
nk 3
to 1
0%. T
he 7
0/20
/10
split
will
seld
om m
atch
the
coar
se v
isua
l per
cent
age
dist
ribut
ion
with
in a
fram
e. T
hat i
s OK
. The
tota
l of a
ll fr
ames
alo
ng th
e tra
nsec
ts is
how
the
perc
ent
com
posi
tion
by w
eigh
t is d
eter
min
ed. T
his m
etho
d of
cal
cula
tion
has b
een
test
ed fo
r acc
urac
y an
d re
peat
abili
ty.
13.6
.2.1
Cum
ulat
ive
Ran
king
Ther
e w
ill o
ccas
iona
lly b
e so
me
fram
es w
ith le
ss th
an th
ree
spec
ies.
The
proc
edur
e is
to a
ssig
n m
ore
than
one
rank
to a
spec
ies.
This
is te
rmed
Cum
ulat
ive
Ran
king
.
• W
hen
only
one
spec
ies i
s fou
nd in
a fr
ame
it sh
ould
be
give
n ra
nk 1
. Thi
s spe
cies
will
th
en b
e cr
edite
d w
ith 1
00%
of t
he p
lot p
rodu
ctio
n.
• W
hen
two
spec
ies a
re fo
und:
the
first
spec
ies m
ay b
e gi
ven
rank
s 1 a
nd th
e se
cond
sp
ecie
s giv
en ra
nks 2
or 3
dep
endi
ng u
pon
the
rela
tive
amou
nts o
f the
two
spec
ies i
n th
e pl
ot. R
efer
to ta
ble
13-2
for r
anki
ng o
ptio
ns fo
r tw
o sp
ecie
s plo
ts
Do
not u
se C
umul
ativ
e R
anki
ng w
hen
thre
e or
mor
e sp
ecie
s occ
ur in
the
fram
e un
less
the
coar
se
visu
al p
erce
nt c
ompo
sitio
n by
wei
ght o
f the
dom
inan
t spe
cies
exc
eeds
85
perc
ent.
Do
not u
se C
umul
ativ
e R
anki
ng w
hen
past
ures
hav
e a
spec
ies t
hat i
s con
sist
ently
dom
inan
t and
at
leas
t tw
o m
ore
spec
ies a
re w
ithin
the
fram
es. T
his i
s to
reco
gniz
e m
inor
spec
ies t
hat m
ay b
e ke
y to
man
agem
ent e
ither
des
irabl
e or
und
esira
ble.
13.6
.2.2
Tie
s
Ties
of d
ry w
eigh
t est
imat
es, a
nd th
eref
ore
rank
ing,
seld
om o
ccur
thou
gh th
ere
are
man
y cl
ose
calls
. If t
he ti
e ca
nnot
be
quic
kly
brok
en b
y cl
ose
exam
inat
ion
of th
e tw
o co
mpe
ting
spec
ies,
the
favo
r goe
s to
the
spec
ies o
f gen
eral
ly lo
wer
ann
ual b
iom
ass p
rodu
ctio
n ca
pabi
lity
(see
Tab
les 1
3-3
and
13-4
for R
elat
ive
Yie
ld V
alue
s for
Mix
ed G
rass
Sta
nds)
.
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ry W
eigh
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WR
) Met
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iona
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ctio
ns
13.6
.3 C
ompa
rativ
e Y
ield
Met
hod
Past
urel
and
NR
I com
para
tive
yiel
d m
etho
d el
imin
ates
bia
ses c
ause
d by
the
pote
ntia
l tre
atm
ents
ap
plie
d an
d se
ason
al e
ffec
ts th
at w
ill b
e en
coun
tere
d on
the
rand
omly
sele
cted
pas
ture
poi
nts.
Com
para
tive
Yie
ld M
etho
d co
mpa
res r
elat
ive
tota
l sta
ndin
g bi
omas
s for
eac
h fr
ame
on th
e dr
y w
eigh
t ran
k pr
otoc
ol tr
anse
cts.
Rat
her t
han
estim
atin
g th
e w
eigh
t dire
ctly
with
in e
ach
fram
e
Tab
le 1
3-4.
Rel
ativ
e Y
ield
Val
ues f
or
mos
tly w
arm
seas
on p
astu
re
Fora
ge
Rel
ativ
e Y
ield
B
ahia
gras
s 0.
7 B
erm
uda,
com
mon
0.
8 B
erm
uda,
hyb
rid
1.0
Bro
omse
dge
0.2
Car
petg
rass
0.
2 C
entip
edeg
rass
0.
9 D
allis
gras
s 0.
7 La
dino
Clo
ver
0.6
Lesp
edez
a, A
nnua
l 0.
6 O
rcha
rdgr
ass
0.7
Seric
ea le
sped
eza
0.5
Smut
gras
s*
0.3
Star
gras
s 0.
9 Ta
ll Fe
scue
0.
8 To
rped
ogra
ss
1.2
Whi
te C
love
r 0.
5 N
ote:
200
#/A
c. N
itrog
en a
pplie
d to
gra
ss
past
ures
* If
a sm
all c
ompo
nent
, pro
duct
ion
is lo
w. O
ther
gr
asse
s sup
pres
s it.
If a
hig
h co
mpo
nent
, pr
oduc
tion
incr
ease
s at e
nd o
f gro
win
g se
ason
by
thre
efol
d.
Tab
le 1
3-3.
Rel
ativ
e Y
ield
Val
ues f
or
mos
tly c
ool s
easo
n pa
stur
e
Fora
ge
Rel
ativ
e Y
ield
A
lfalfa
1.
2 A
lsik
e C
love
r 0.
4 B
ig B
lues
tem
0.
8 B
irdsf
oot T
refo
il 0.
8 B
room
sedg
e 0.
2 C
auca
sian
Blu
este
m
0.7
Com
mon
Ber
mud
agra
ss
0.6
Crim
son
clov
er
0.4
Cro
wnv
etch
0.
7 Ea
ster
n G
amag
rass
1.
0 In
dian
gras
s 0.
8 K
entu
cky
Blu
egra
ss
0.6
Ladi
no C
love
r 0.
5 Le
sped
eza,
Ann
ual
0.4
Orc
hard
gras
s 1.
0 R
ed C
love
r 0.
9 R
ed T
op
0.4
Ree
d C
anar
ygra
ss
1.1
Rye
gras
s, Pe
renn
ial
0.8
Seric
ea L
espe
deza
0.
5 Sm
ooth
Bro
meg
rass
1.
0 Sw
itchg
rass
0.
9 Ta
ll Fe
scue
0.
9 Ti
mot
hy
0.8
Whi
te C
love
r 0.
4 N
ote:
200
#/A
c. N
itrog
en a
pplie
d to
gra
ss
past
ures
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ry W
eigh
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WR
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stru
ctio
ns
rela
tive
rank
s are
reco
rded
. The
pre
sent
stan
ding
bio
mas
s in
a fr
ame
is c
ompa
red
to re
fere
nce
fram
es 1
, 2, 3
, 4, a
nd 5
. The
bes
t fit
refe
renc
e fr
ame
is re
cord
ed. T
he fi
ve re
fere
nce
fram
es
repr
esen
t 20%
bre
aks i
n st
andi
ng b
iom
ass w
ith fi
ve b
eing
the
high
est.
The
refe
renc
e fr
ames
re
pres
ent t
he ra
nge
in d
ry w
eigh
t of s
tand
ing
crop
that
will
be
com
mon
ly fo
und
alon
g th
e tra
nsec
t an
d no
t the
ext
rem
e.
Onc
e a
set o
f ref
eren
ce fr
ames
are
est
ablis
hed
(see
Com
para
tive
Yie
ld T
rain
ing
Prot
ocol
) the
tra
nsec
t qua
drat
e fr
ames
will
be
com
pare
d an
d ra
ted
back
to th
ese
refe
renc
e fr
ames
.
It is
bes
t if t
he sa
me
obse
rver
read
s eac
h fr
ame
thro
ugho
ut th
e tra
nsec
t to
ensu
re a
ccur
acy.
Com
para
tive
Yie
ld T
rain
ing
Prot
ocol
to b
e co
nduc
ted
prio
r to
fiel
d da
ta c
olle
ctio
n:
1.
Five
refe
renc
e fr
ames
are
subj
ectiv
ely
loca
ted.
Ref
eren
ces 1
and
5 a
re lo
cate
d fir
st.
• Th
e fir
st fr
ame
(ref
eren
ce 1
) is p
lace
d in
a lo
w-y
ield
ing
area
whi
ch re
pres
ents
the
low
-yi
eldi
ng si
tuat
ions
com
mon
ly e
ncou
nter
ed o
n th
e si
te (a
void
bar
e or
nea
rly b
are
fram
es).
• R
efer
ence
5 is
det
erm
ined
by
plac
ing
a fr
ame
on a
hig
h-yi
eldi
ng a
rea,
exc
ludi
ng
unus
ually
den
se p
atch
es o
f veg
etat
ion
whi
ch w
ould
hav
e a
rare
cha
nce
of b
eing
sam
pled
.
2.
The
exam
iner
shou
ld m
ake
a m
enta
l not
e of
the
amou
nt o
f pro
duct
ion
in e
ach
of th
e re
fere
nce
fram
es. T
hese
refe
renc
es a
re th
en c
lippe
d an
d w
eigh
ed.
• If
the
clip
ped
wei
ght i
n re
fere
nce
5 is
mor
e th
an fi
ve ti
mes
the
wei
ght f
ound
in re
fere
nce
1, th
en tw
o ne
w si
tes s
houl
d be
sele
cted
as r
efer
ence
s 1 a
nd 5
. •
Not
e: In
est
ablis
hing
the
initi
al re
fere
nce
fram
es, t
he w
eigh
t in
refe
renc
e 5
is u
sual
ly to
o hi
gh a
nd th
e w
eigh
t in
refe
renc
e 1
is to
o lo
w. M
ake
sure
refe
renc
e 5
does
not
repr
esen
t a
rare
situ
atio
n.
3.
Onc
e re
fere
nces
1 a
nd 5
hav
e be
en se
lect
ed, r
efer
ence
3 is
loca
ted
by p
laci
ng a
fram
e in
an
area
con
side
red
to h
ave
a yi
eld
halfw
ay b
etw
een
refe
renc
es 1
and
5. R
efer
ence
s 2 a
nd 4
are
lo
cate
d th
e sa
me
way
by
sele
ctin
g th
e m
idpo
int y
ield
bet
wee
n re
fere
nces
1 a
nd 3
and
re
fere
nces
3 a
nd 5
, res
pect
ivel
y.
4.
All
five
refe
renc
e fr
ames
are
clip
ped
and
wei
ghed
to c
ompa
re th
e re
fere
nce
fram
es to
a li
near
di
strib
utio
n of
fram
e w
eigh
ts. T
his p
roce
ss is
repe
ated
by
clip
ping
add
ition
al fr
ames
unt
il th
e w
eigh
ts o
f the
five
refe
renc
e fr
ames
are
app
roxi
mat
ely
linea
r and
obs
erve
rs a
re c
onfid
ent i
n th
eir a
bilit
y to
rank
fram
es re
lativ
e to
one
of t
he fi
ve re
fere
nces
.
• If
the
rank
ings
are
not
line
ar, t
he p
reci
sion
of t
he m
etho
d w
ill b
e re
duce
d.
• If
mor
e th
an fi
ve p
erce
nt o
f the
fram
es h
ave
no p
rodu
ctio
n, th
en a
larg
er fr
ame
shou
ld b
e us
ed.
13.6
.4 E
xam
ples
1.
O
nly
one
spec
ies i
n th
e qu
adra
t
• O
ne sp
ecie
s occ
urs i
n pl
ot 1
: tal
l fes
cue.
If o
nly
one
spec
ies i
s fou
nd in
the
quad
rat,
rank
as
1. I
t will
be
cred
ited
with
all
the
prod
uctio
n.
2.
Two
spec
ies i
n th
e qu
adra
t
• Tw
o sp
ecie
s occ
ur in
plo
t 2: t
all f
escu
e an
d w
hite
clo
ver.
Tall
fesc
ue is
ver
y do
min
ant,
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ry W
eigh
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WR
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ctio
ns
rank
tall
fesc
ue a
s 1. W
hite
clo
ver i
s sub
dom
inan
t, ra
nk a
s 3. (
Tall
fesc
ue w
ill g
et th
e un
rank
ed 2
por
tion
here
.) •
Two
spec
ies o
ccur
in p
lot 3
: tal
l fes
cue
and
whi
te c
love
r. Ta
ll fe
scue
is d
omin
ant;
how
ever
, whi
te c
love
r is a
lso
dom
inan
t but
not
qui
te e
qual
to ta
ll fe
scue
. Ran
k ta
ll fe
scue
=
1 an
d w
hite
clo
ver =
2.
• Tw
o sp
ecie
s occ
ur in
plo
t 4: t
all f
escu
e an
d w
hite
clo
ver.
Each
spec
ies i
s equ
al in
pr
oduc
tion
and
tied
for d
omin
ance
. Ref
er to
tabl
es 1
3-3
and
13-4
for r
elat
ive
yiel
d le
vels
. Si
nce
whi
te c
love
r has
a lo
wer
rela
tive
yiel
d va
lue,
it re
ceiv
es a
hig
her r
ank.
Ran
k w
hite
cl
over
= 1
and
tall
fesc
ue =
2.
3.
Thre
e sp
ecie
s in
the
quad
rat
• Th
ree
spec
ies o
ccur
in p
lot 5
: tal
l fes
cue,
whi
te c
love
r, an
d da
ndel
ion.
Tal
l fes
cue
is
clea
rly v
ery
dom
inan
t, w
hite
clo
ver i
s sub
dom
inan
t, an
d da
ndel
ion
is m
inor
. Ran
k ta
ll fe
scue
= 1
, whi
le c
love
r = 2
, and
dan
delio
n =
3.
• Th
ree
spec
ies o
ccur
in p
lot 6
: tal
l fes
cue,
whi
te c
love
r, an
d pe
renn
ial r
ye. T
all f
escu
e is
do
min
ant,
how
ever
whi
te c
love
r and
per
enni
al ry
e ar
e tie
d fo
r 2nd
. Ran
k ta
ll fe
scue
= 1
, w
hite
clo
ver =
2, a
nd p
eren
nial
rye
= 3
(bas
ed o
n re
lativ
e yi
elds
in ta
ble
13-3
). •
Thre
e sp
ecie
s occ
ur in
plo
t 7: t
all f
escu
e, w
hite
clo
ver,
and
dand
elio
n. T
all f
escu
e an
d w
hite
cov
er a
re ti
ed, a
nd d
ande
lion
is m
inor
. Ran
k w
hite
clo
ver =
1, t
all f
escu
e =
2, a
nd
dand
elio
n =
3 (b
ased
on
rela
tive
yiel
ds in
tabl
e 13
-3).
13.7
Ref
eren
ces
• Jo
nes,
R.M
. and
J.N
.G. H
argr
eave
s. 19
79. I
mpr
ovem
ents
to th
e dr
y-w
eigh
t-ran
k m
etho
d fo
r mea
surin
g bo
tani
cal c
ompo
sitio
n. G
rass
and
For
age
Scie
nce
34: 1
81-1
89.
• 't
Man
netje
, L. a
nd K
.P. H
aydo
ck. 1
963.
The
dry
-wei
ght-r
ank
met
hod
for t
he b
otan
ical
an
alys
is o
f pas
ture
. Jou
rnal
of t
he B
ritis
h G
rass
land
Soc
iety
18:
268
-275
. •
Toth
ill, J
.C.,
Har
grea
ves,
J.N.G
., Jo
nes,R
.M.,a
nd M
cDon
ald,
C.K
.(199
2) B
OTA
NA
L - A
co
mpr
ehen
sive
sam
plin
g an
d co
mpu
ting
proc
edur
e fo
r est
imat
ing
past
ure
yiel
d an
d co
mpo
sitio
n. 1
. Fie
ld S
ampl
ing.
CSI
RO
Aus
t. D
iv. o
f Tro
p. C
rops
& P
ast.,
Tro
p. A
gron
. Te
ch. M
em. N
o. 7
8 •
Des
pain
, D.W
. and
Sm
ith, E
.L. T
he C
ompa
rive
Yie
ld M
etho
d fo
r Est
imat
ing
Ran
ge
Prod
uctio
n. L
ocat
ed a
t ht
tps:
//ex
tens
ion.
arizo
na.e
du/s
ites/
exte
nsio
n.ar
izona
.edu
/file
s/pu
bs/a
z904
3.pd
f
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al
Ran
gela
nd O
nly)
14.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Fi
eld
wei
ght e
ntry
by
spec
ies
• R
econ
stru
ctio
n of
tota
l pro
duct
ion
by sp
ecie
s •
Sim
ilarit
y in
dex
calc
ulat
ion
Two
CA
SI e
ntry
scre
ens a
re u
sed
in th
is p
roto
col.
The
field
wei
ght s
cree
n is
dis
play
ed fi
rst.
The
reco
nstru
cted
wei
ght a
nd si
mila
rity
inde
x en
try sc
reen
(Rec
on) c
an b
e ac
cess
ed b
y th
e ad
jace
nt
Rec
on b
utto
ns.
14.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
14.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
14.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
e C
ASI
is se
t up
to re
cord
act
ual f
ield
wei
ght i
n gr
ams f
or e
ach
plan
t spe
cies
in
vent
orie
d in
eac
h pr
oduc
tion
quad
rat.
• Q
uadr
at fi
eld
wei
ghts
can
be
dete
rmin
ed b
y cl
ippi
ng th
e en
tire
quad
rat o
r thr
ough
the
doub
le sa
mpl
ing
met
hod.
If d
oubl
e sa
mpl
ing
met
hod
is us
ed, a
ll su
pple
men
tary
Eco
logi
cal S
ite D
ata
Col
lect
ion
Opt
ion
NR
I Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n O
ptio
n
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
calc
ulat
ions
mus
t be
mad
e ou
tsid
e th
e C
ASI
on
a fie
ld sh
eet.
• Th
e C
ASI
will
det
erm
ine
tota
l ann
ual p
rodu
ctio
n ba
sed
on e
nter
ed c
orre
ctio
n fa
ctor
s. •
Incl
ude
only
pla
nt c
anop
y pr
oduc
ed b
y st
ems a
nd ro
ots g
row
ing
insi
de th
e pr
oduc
tion
quad
rat.
Con
vers
ely,
all
plan
ts ro
oted
out
side
the
quad
rat w
ith o
verh
angi
ng v
eget
atio
n in
th
e qu
adra
t are
con
side
red
"out
side
the
quad
rat:
and
not r
ecor
ded.
•
Entry
of t
he re
cons
truct
ion
fact
ors a
nd si
mila
rity
inde
x da
ta e
ntry
may
be
done
in th
e of
fice
as a
fina
l ste
p be
fore
send
ing
the
segm
ent b
ack
to th
e se
rver
. Car
e sh
ould
be
take
n to
ass
ure
a co
mpl
ete
inve
ntor
y of
all
plan
t spe
cies
is p
erfo
rmed
in th
e fie
ld.
• Th
e nu
mbe
r of h
erba
ceou
s and
woo
dy p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts (s
ubpl
ots)
var
ies f
or th
e N
RI
data
col
lect
ion
and
ESD
opt
ion.
A su
mm
ary
of q
uadr
at lo
catio
ns fo
r bot
h da
ta c
olle
ctio
n op
tions
is sh
own
in T
able
14-
1 be
low
. •
If m
ore
than
one
eco
logi
cal s
ite is
iden
tifie
d al
ong
the
trans
ect,
use
the
ecol
ogic
al si
te a
t th
e po
int f
or a
ll si
mila
rity
inde
x ca
lcul
atio
n.
• St
ates
will
spec
ify th
e he
rbac
eous
qua
drat
size
(1.9
2, 4
.8, o
r 9.6
squa
re fe
et) b
ased
on
vege
tatio
n co
mm
uniti
es in
thei
r sta
te.
• Fo
r all
quad
rats
(rec
tang
ular
, squ
are,
or c
ircul
ar),
cent
er th
e bo
ttom
of t
he fr
ame
at th
e pr
edet
erm
ined
qua
drat
mrk
on
the
north
side
of t
he ta
pe.
14.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
14.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oduc
tion
data
are
not
gat
here
d on
BLM
man
aged
land
.
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
rang
e sa
mpl
e, p
rodu
ctio
n da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed
as ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, p
rodu
ctio
n da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed
as ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
).
14.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ces a
re re
quire
d:
Tab
le 1
4-1.
Pro
duct
ion
quad
rat m
rks f
or h
erba
ceou
s and
woo
dy q
uadr
ats b
y tra
nsec
t and
dat
a co
llect
ion
type
.
N
E/S
W T
rans
ect
NW
/SE
Tra
nsec
t
Her
bace
ous
Woo
dy
Her
bace
ous
Woo
dy
NR
I Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n O
ptio
n 37
.5, 6
2.5,
112
.5
37.5
, 11
2.5
12.5
, 137
.5
Non
e
Eco
logi
cal S
ite
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n O
ptio
n
12.5
, 37.
5, 6
2.5,
112
.5,
137.
5 37
.5,
112.
5 12
.5, 3
7.5,
62.
5, 1
12.5
, 13
7.5
37.5
, 11
2.5
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Pl
ant i
dent
ifica
tion
aids
•
USD
A-N
RC
S N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k, 1
997
• Ec
olog
ical
Site
Des
crip
tions
•
Ran
ge 4
17 o
r sim
ilar p
rodu
ctio
n w
orks
heet
s
14.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Fiel
d W
eigh
t by
Spec
ies
14.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s H
erba
ceou
s Pla
nt. A
term
use
d to
refe
renc
e ve
geta
tive
plan
ts w
ith li
ttle
or n
o w
oody
co
mpo
nent
, usu
ally
gra
min
oids
and
forb
s. [N
RPH
]
Woo
dy p
lant
. A te
rm u
sed
in re
fere
nce
to tr
ees,
shru
bs, o
r bro
wse
that
cha
ract
eris
tical
ly c
onta
in
pers
iste
nt li
gneo
us m
ater
ial.
[NR
PH]
Prod
uctio
n qu
adra
t (su
bplo
t). A
subp
lot o
r qua
drat
est
ablis
hed
alon
g th
e tra
nsec
ts a
t pr
edet
erm
ined
inte
rval
s to
prov
ide
area
s for
det
erm
inin
g pr
oduc
tion
by sp
ecie
s. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
]
Qua
drat
size
and
freq
uenc
y va
ry b
etw
een
herb
aceo
us a
nd w
oody
pla
nts a
s fol
low
s:
• H
erba
ceou
s pro
duct
ion
quad
rats
are
cen
tere
d on
tran
sect
mrk
s at 1
2.5,
37.
5, 6
2.5,
112
.5,
and
137.
5 fe
et o
n th
e N
E/SW
and
NW
/SE
trans
ects
for t
he E
SD o
ptio
n. F
or th
e N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n op
tion,
her
bace
ous p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts a
re c
ente
red
on m
rks a
t 12.
5 an
d 13
7.5
feet
on
the
NW
/SE
trans
ect a
nd 3
7.5,
62.
5 an
d 11
2.5
feet
on
the
NE/
SW tr
anse
ct. Q
uadr
at
size
can
be
1.92
, 4.8
, or 9
.6 sq
uare
feet
. Eac
h st
ate
will
spec
ify th
e he
rbac
eous
qua
drat
si
ze b
ased
on
vege
tatio
n co
mm
uniti
es in
thei
r sta
te.
Cor
rect
ion
fact
ors (
gram
s to
lb/a
c) a
re d
efau
lted
whe
n qu
adra
t siz
e is
cho
sen
in th
e C
ASI
. Not
e:
corr
ectio
n fa
ctor
s are
cal
cula
ted
as fo
llow
s: 9
6/ft2 i
n qu
adra
t = q
uadr
at c
orre
ctio
n fa
ctor
gm
to lb
/ac.
•
Woo
dy p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts ar
e ce
nter
ed o
n ea
ch
trans
ect a
t mrk
s 37.
5 an
d 11
2.5
feet
for t
he e
cosi
te
data
col
lect
ion
optio
n. F
or th
e N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n op
tion,
woo
dy p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts a
re c
ente
red
at
mrk
s 37.
5 an
d 11
2.5
feet
in th
e N
E/SW
tran
sect
onl
y.
Qua
drat
size
is 4
35.6
squa
re fe
et (0
.01
acre
, 11.
75 ft
. ra
dius
, 23.
5 ft
diam
eter
circ
le o
r 20.
9 ft.
squa
re).
Prod
uctio
n qu
adra
ts a
re e
stabl
ishe
d as
show
n in
the
plot
de
sign
(fig
. 14-
1). H
erba
ceou
s qua
drat
s are
repr
esen
ted
by th
e sm
all c
ircle
s and
woo
dy q
uadr
ats b
y th
e la
rger
circ
les.
14.5
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
Ta
p th
e pa
ram
eter
s but
ton
and
ente
r the
her
bace
ous q
uadr
at si
ze a
nd to
tal a
nnua
l pro
duct
ion
(fig
. 14-
2).
Figu
re 1
4-1.
Tra
nsec
ts a
nd
asso
ciat
ed p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts fo
r the
NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion
optio
n.
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• To
tal a
vera
ge a
nnua
l pro
duct
ion
is th
e to
tal
aver
age
dry
wei
ght b
iom
ass p
rodu
ced
durin
g th
e en
tire
grow
ing
seas
on. U
se th
e av
erag
e va
lue
give
n in
the
ecol
ogic
al (r
ange
) site
des
crip
tion.
Clim
ate
adju
stm
ents
are
mad
e w
ith th
e cl
imat
e fa
ctor
(%
Clim
). •
Sim
ilarit
y in
dex
is c
alcu
late
d an
d di
spla
yed
here
by
the
CA
SI a
fter a
ll pr
oduc
tion
and
corr
ectio
n fa
ctor
s ha
ve b
een
ente
red.
No
data
ent
ry is
requ
ired
for t
his
item
.
2.
For e
ach
quad
rat (
subp
lot),
cen
ter t
he sa
mpl
ing
fram
e at
th
e pr
edet
erm
ined
tran
sect
mrk
tang
ent t
o th
e no
rth si
de
of th
e ta
pe.
• N
ote:
The
CA
SI w
ill a
djus
t whi
ch m
rks a
re
sele
cted
bas
ed o
n th
e E
SD o
r N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n op
tion
sele
cted
in th
e E
colo
gica
l site
scre
en.
• H
erba
ceou
s qua
drat
s are
cen
tere
d on
tran
sect
mrk
s lo
cate
d at
12.
5, 3
7.5,
62.
5, 1
12.5
, and
137
.5 fe
et
(sel
ectio
n w
ill v
ary
depe
ndin
g up
on th
e ec
osite
or
NR
I dat
a co
llect
ion
optio
n).
• W
oody
qua
drat
s are
cen
tere
d on
tran
sect
mrk
s are
loca
ted
at 3
7.5
and
112.
5 fe
et
(sel
ectio
n w
ill v
ary
depe
ndin
g up
on th
e ec
osite
or N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n op
tion)
. •
For a
ll qu
adra
ts (r
ecta
ngul
ar, s
quar
e, o
r circ
ular
), ce
nter
the
botto
m o
f the
fram
e at
the
pred
eter
min
ed q
uadr
at m
rk ta
ngen
t to
the
north
side
of t
he ta
pe.
3.
Det
erm
ine
the
tota
l qua
drat
fiel
d w
eigh
t for
eac
h id
entif
ied
plan
t spe
cies
and
the
com
bine
d SD
H_B
IO c
ateg
ory
(not
sepa
rate
d by
spec
ies)
.
• Q
uadr
at fi
eld
wei
ghts
can
be
dete
rmin
ed b
y es
timat
ing
by w
eigh
t uni
t, es
timat
ing
and
harv
estin
g (d
oubl
e sa
mpl
ing)
, har
vest
ing
all q
uadr
ats,
or a
com
bina
tion
of th
ese
met
hods
. If
the
doub
le sa
mpl
ing
met
hod
is u
sed,
all
supp
lem
enta
ry c
alcu
latio
ns m
ust b
e m
ade
outs
ide
the
CA
SI o
n a
Ran
ge 4
17 o
r equ
ival
ent f
ield
shee
t. Re
fer t
o th
e U
SDA
-NR
CS
Nat
iona
l Ran
ge a
nd P
astu
re H
andb
ook
(199
7) fo
r mor
e in
form
atio
n an
d de
taile
d pr
oced
ures
. •
For e
ach
iden
tifie
d pl
ant s
peci
es, i
nclu
de o
nly
curr
ent y
ear's
pro
duct
ion
(can
opy
both
in
side
and
out
side
the
quad
rat)
prod
uced
by
stem
s and
root
s gro
win
g in
side
the
prod
uctio
n qu
adra
t. C
onve
rsel
y, a
ll pl
ants
root
ed o
utsid
e th
e qu
adra
t with
ove
rhan
ging
ve
geta
tion
in th
e qu
adra
t are
con
side
red
"out
side
the
quad
rat"
and
not
reco
rded
. •
Ret
ain
any
stan
ding
dea
d he
rbac
eous
bio
mas
s and
incl
ude
in th
e SD
H_B
IO c
ateg
ory
auto
cre
ated
for e
ach
quad
rat.
4.
Ente
r the
pla
nt n
ames
foun
d in
eac
h qu
adra
t fro
m th
e C
ASI
cho
ice
list.
• Th
e ch
oice
list
use
s the
sam
e se
t of p
lant
nam
es e
stab
lishe
d in
the
poin
t lin
e tra
nsec
t pr
otoc
ol. M
any
of th
e pl
ants
iden
tifie
d in
the
quad
rat w
ill a
lread
y be
on
the
list.
If a
new
pl
ant i
s fou
nd, u
se th
e se
arch
func
tions
to a
cces
s the
pla
nt d
atab
ase
to a
dd th
e ne
w p
lant
to
the
choi
ce li
st. R
efer
to a
ppen
dix
A, s
ectio
n A
.4 fo
r det
aile
d in
stru
ctio
ns.
• In
the
even
t a w
oody
pla
nt is
pre
sent
at t
he p
rede
term
ined
woo
dy q
uadr
at, c
heck
the
box
in th
e w
(woo
dy p
lant
) col
umn
adja
cent
to th
e w
oody
pla
nt sy
mbo
l.
Figu
re 1
4-2.
Use
the
para
met
ers b
utto
n to
sele
ct
quad
rat s
ize
and
ente
r Tot
al
annu
al p
rodu
ctio
n.
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Th
e pl
ant l
ist i
s cum
ulat
ive;
it c
ontin
ues t
o bu
ild w
hen
new
pla
nts a
re fo
und
in a
diff
eren
t qu
adra
t. Th
e C
ASI
will
ent
er ‘0
’ for
pro
duct
ion
for s
peci
es a
dded
to th
e lis
t but
not
foun
d in
pre
viou
s pro
duct
ion
quad
rats
.
5.
For e
ach
quad
rat,
ente
r the
tota
l fie
ld w
eigh
t for
eac
h sp
ecie
s/SD
H_B
IO to
the
near
est g
ram
(fig
. 14-
3).
• Th
e di
spla
yed
list r
epre
sent
s all
plan
ts fo
und
in a
ll qu
adra
ts. E
nter
0 fo
r yie
ld if
a li
sted
pla
nt is
not
fo
und
in a
subs
eque
nt q
uadr
ant.
Do
not d
elet
e th
e pl
ant f
rom
the
list.
This
will
rem
ove
the
plan
t fro
m
all q
uadr
ats.
• En
ter t
race
(Tr)
from
the
num
ber k
ey p
ad if
pla
nt
prod
uctio
n is
less
than
0.5
gra
m.
6.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for t
rans
ect 2
(NW
-SE)
.
14.6
Rec
onst
ruct
ing
the
Pres
ent P
lant
C
omm
unity
from
the
Mea
sure
d D
ata
14.6
.1 D
efin
ition
s A
ir-d
ry w
eigh
t. Th
e w
eigh
t of a
subs
tanc
e, u
sual
ly
vege
tatio
n, a
fter i
t has
bee
n al
low
ed to
dry
to e
quili
briu
m
with
the
atm
osph
ere,
usu
ally
with
out a
rtific
ial h
eat.
[NR
PH]
Rec
onst
ruct
ion
fact
or. A
fact
or u
sed
to c
onve
rt pl
ant f
ield
wei
ght a
t the
tim
e of
obs
erva
tion
to
tota
l nor
mal
ann
ual a
ir dr
y pr
oduc
tion.
The
fact
or c
onsi
ders
phy
sica
l, ph
ysio
logi
cal,
and
clim
atol
ogic
al v
aria
bles
that
aff
ect t
he a
mou
nt o
f bio
mas
s mea
sure
d fo
r a sp
ecie
s at a
spec
ific
poin
t in
time.
The
pre
sent
pla
nt c
omm
unity
is re
cons
truct
ed b
y m
ultip
lyin
g th
e m
easu
red
wei
ght
of e
ach
spec
ies b
y th
is fa
ctor
. [N
RI-0
3-R
ange
] The
reco
nstru
ctio
n fo
rmul
a is
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
=%𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅
(%𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅)
(%𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅ℎ
)(%𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
)
whe
re
• Re
Fctr
is th
e ca
lcul
ated
reco
nstru
ctio
n fa
ctor
, •
%Dw
t is t
he p
erce
nt a
ir dr
y w
eigh
t for
eac
h pl
ant s
peci
es,
• %
UnGr
is th
e es
timat
ed p
erce
nt o
f the
cur
rent
pla
nt g
row
th th
at h
as n
ot b
een
rem
oved
by
graz
ing
or h
arve
st,
• %
Grth
is th
e pe
rcen
t of t
he c
urre
nt y
ear's
gro
wth
for e
ach
spec
ies t
hat s
houl
d no
rmal
ly
have
occ
urre
d at
the
time
of sa
mpl
ing,
•
%Cl
im is
the
clim
ate
adju
stmen
t: pe
rcen
t of t
he c
urre
nt y
ear’
s pla
nt g
row
th in
co
mpa
rison
to a
nor
mal
ave
rage
yea
r. Ex
ampl
e: 0
.9 m
eans
the
curr
ent y
ear’
s pro
duct
ion
is 9
0% o
f nor
mal
or i
s 10%
bel
ow n
orm
al. A
val
ue o
f 1.1
is 1
10%
of n
orm
al o
r 10%
ab
ove
norm
al.
Sim
ilari
ty in
dex.
A si
mila
rity
inde
x is
the
perc
enta
ge o
f a sp
ecifi
c ve
geta
tion
stat
e pl
ant
com
mun
ity th
at is
pre
sent
ly o
n th
e si
te. [
NR
PH]
Figu
re 1
4-3.
Pla
nt p
rodu
ctio
n da
ta e
ntry
scre
en. P
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts a
re la
bele
d by
thei
r po
sitio
n al
ong
the
trans
ects
.
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
14.6
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
D
eter
min
e th
e re
cons
truct
ion
fact
or fo
r eac
h pl
ant s
peci
es id
entif
ied
in th
e pr
oduc
tion
quad
rats
(plo
ts).
2.
Tap
the
Rec
on b
utto
n to
acc
ess t
he C
ASI
ent
ry sc
reen
for
entry
of n
eces
sary
reco
nstru
ctio
n fa
ctor
s (fig
. 14-
4).
• R
efer
to th
e U
SDA
-NR
CS
Nat
iona
l Ran
ge a
nd
Past
ure
Han
dboo
k (1
997)
for a
dditi
onal
info
rmat
ion.
•
Each
pla
nt sp
ecie
s (pl
ant s
ymbo
l) pr
evio
usly
in
vent
orie
d in
a p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
t will
be
disp
laye
d he
re.
3.
For e
ach
plan
t spe
cies
ent
er th
e fo
llow
ing:
• %
Dry
Wei
ght:
Air
dry
wei
ght p
erce
ntag
e (e
nter
fr
om c
hoic
e lis
t).
o
Use
dry
wei
ght t
able
s for
you
r are
a. B
e su
re
to a
djus
t dry
wei
ght v
alue
s by
date
of
sam
plin
g.
o
If dr
y w
eigh
t tab
les a
re n
ot a
vaila
ble
or y
ou
wis
h to
che
ck d
ry w
eigh
t val
ues,
clip
and
w
eigh
the
plan
t spe
cies
(rec
ord
field
gre
en
wei
ght a
nd b
ag w
eigh
t on
pape
r bag
), ai
r dry
pl
ant i
n ba
g, a
nd w
eigh
whe
n dr
y. C
alcu
late
dr
y w
eigh
t per
cent
age:
𝐴𝐴𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅 𝑑𝑑𝑅𝑅𝑑𝑑 𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑅𝑅 𝑝𝑝𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅𝑎𝑎𝑤𝑤𝑅𝑅
= 𝐴𝐴𝐶𝐶𝑅𝑅
𝑑𝑑𝑅𝑅𝑑𝑑
𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑎𝑎𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅 𝐷𝐷
𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑅𝑅
𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑈𝑈 𝐷𝐷𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑅𝑅 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑎𝑎𝑈𝑈𝑅𝑅
×10
0
• %
Ung
raze
d: P
erce
nt o
f pla
nt b
iom
ass o
f eac
h sp
ecie
s tha
t has
not
bee
n re
mov
ed (e
nter
fr
om th
e ch
oice
list
). •
% G
row
th: P
erce
nt o
f gro
wth
of e
ach
spec
ies t
hat s
houl
d no
rmal
ly h
ave
occu
rred
at t
he
date
of s
ampl
ing
(ent
er fr
om th
e ch
oice
list
). •
% C
limat
e: P
erce
nt o
f gro
wth
of e
ach
spec
ies t
hat h
as o
ccur
red
rela
tive
to n
orm
al
grow
ing
cond
ition
s (en
ter f
rom
cho
ice
list).
4.
The
follo
win
g in
form
atio
n w
ill n
ow b
e ca
lcul
ated
and
dis
play
ed:
• R
econ
stru
ctio
n Fa
ctor
: Fac
tor d
eter
min
ed fo
r eac
h sp
ecie
s and
use
d by
the
CA
SI to
de
term
ine
sim
ilarit
y in
dex
for t
he si
te.
• T
otal
Wei
ght (
gram
s): T
he to
tal u
nadj
uste
d w
eigh
t of a
ll pr
oduc
tion
quad
rats
in g
ram
s. Th
is v
alue
will
be
adju
sted
by
the
reco
nstru
ctio
n fa
ctor
cal
cula
ted
in th
e pr
evio
us
proc
edur
e.
• R
econ
stru
cted
Wei
ght (
1lbs
/ac)
: The
reco
nstru
cted
wei
ght i
n po
unds
per
acr
e.
5.
Det
erm
ine
the
perc
ent o
f allo
wab
le p
rodu
ctio
n (%
Allo
wab
le P
rodu
ctio
n) fo
r eac
h lis
ted
plan
t spe
cies
.
• U
se th
e Ec
olog
ical
Site
Des
crip
tion
to d
eter
min
e th
is fa
ctor
for e
ach
spec
ies.
• A
ssum
e an
ave
rage
yea
r whe
n m
akin
g th
is d
ecis
ion.
Figu
re 1
4-4.
Pro
duct
ion
reco
nstru
ctio
n da
ta e
ntry
sc
reen
. Re
Fctr
is
calc
ulat
ed b
y th
e C
ASI
afte
r ot
her f
acto
r inf
orm
atio
n is
en
tere
d.
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-7
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• En
ter v
alue
s to
the
near
est p
erce
nt.
6.
The
CA
SI w
ill n
ow c
alcu
late
and
dis
play
:
• Po
tent
ial A
llow
able
Pro
duct
ion:
Thi
s val
ue is
equ
al to
the
aver
age
annu
al p
rodu
ctio
n (e
nter
ed in
par
amet
ers)
x %
Allo
wab
le P
rodu
ctio
n (e
nter
ed in
step
5).
• A
llow
able
pro
duct
ion:
The
CA
SI d
eter
min
es th
is v
alue
by
eval
uatio
n of
the
Pote
ntia
l A
llow
able
Pro
duct
ion
and
the
Rec
onst
ruct
ed W
eigh
t val
ues.
If th
e R
econ
stru
cted
Wei
ght
is le
ss th
an o
r equ
al to
the
Pote
ntia
l Allo
wab
le P
rodu
ctio
n, th
en th
e R
econ
stru
cted
W
eigh
t is u
sed
for t
he si
mila
rity
inde
x ca
lcul
atio
n. If
the
Rec
onst
ruct
ed W
eigh
t is g
reat
er
than
the
Pote
ntia
l Allo
wab
le P
rodu
ctio
n), t
hen
the
Pote
ntia
l Allo
wab
le P
rodu
ctio
n is
use
d in
the
sim
ilarit
y in
dex
calc
ulat
ion.
7.
Com
plet
e th
is p
roce
ss fo
r eac
h lis
ted
plan
t spe
cies
.
• Th
e si
mila
rity
inde
x w
ill b
e di
spla
yed
in th
e pa
ram
eter
s scr
een
for r
evie
w a
nd
info
rmat
ion
(see
fig.
14-
2).
14.7
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
14.7
.1 E
xam
ple
The
follo
win
g sp
ecie
s and
fiel
d w
eigh
ts w
ere
reco
rded
for
each
qua
drat
. The
sam
ple
poin
t rep
rese
nts a
n ES
D fr
om
Jorn
ada
Site
No.
O42
XB0
12N
M (S
andy
Ran
ge S
ite (S
D-2
)).
The
exam
ple
illus
trate
s the
num
ber o
f qua
dran
ts sa
mpl
es fo
r th
e ec
osite
dat
a co
llect
ion
optio
n. T
he N
RI s
ampl
ing
optio
n re
quire
s 5 h
erba
ceou
s and
2 w
oody
or e
xpan
ded
quad
rant
s.
1.
To b
egin
, ent
er th
e fo
llow
ing
info
rmat
ion
in p
aram
eter
s (f
ig. 1
4-5)
:
• Pl
ot si
ze (s
quar
e fe
et)
o
1.92
o
4.
8 o
9.
6 •
Tota
l ann
ual p
rodu
ctio
n-av
erag
e va
lue
from
the
ESD
2.
Inve
ntor
y an
d en
ter y
ield
dat
a fo
r eac
h pl
ant s
peci
es in
th
e tra
nsec
t qua
drat
s (fig
. 14-
6 an
d 14
-7).
3.
Det
erm
ine
and
ente
r in
the
CA
SI (f
ig. 1
4-8)
re
cons
truct
ion
fact
or in
form
atio
n fo
r eac
h pl
ant s
peci
es
whe
re:
• %
Dw
t = (%
Air
dry
wei
ght)
(ent
er fr
om c
hoic
e lis
t) •
%U
nGr
= (%
Ung
raze
d), p
erce
nt o
f pla
nt b
iom
ass o
f eac
h sp
ecie
s tha
t has
not
bee
n re
mov
ed (e
nter
from
the
choi
ce li
st).
• %
Grt
h =
(% G
row
th),
perc
ent o
f gro
wth
of e
ach
spec
ies t
hat s
houl
d no
rmal
ly h
ave
occu
rred
at t
he d
ate
of sa
mpl
ing
(ent
er fr
om th
e ch
oice
list
). •
%C
lim =
(% C
limat
e), P
erce
nt o
f gro
wth
of e
ach
spec
ies t
hat h
as o
ccur
red
rela
tive
to
Figu
re 1
4-5.
Tap
the
Para
met
ers b
utto
n to
ent
er
plot
size
and
tota
l ann
ual
prod
uctio
n. T
his w
indo
w w
ill
also
dis
play
the
calc
ulat
ed
reco
nstru
cted
yie
ld a
nd
sim
ilarit
y in
dex.
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-8
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
norm
al g
row
ing
cond
ition
s (en
ter f
rom
cho
ice
list).
•
%A
P =
(% A
llow
able
Pro
duct
ion)
, per
cent
of a
llow
able
pro
duct
ion
from
the
Ecol
ogic
al S
ite D
escr
iptio
n (E
SD)
4.
Rev
iew
the
reco
nstru
cted
yie
ld le
vels
whi
ch a
re a
utom
atic
ally
cal
cula
ted.
• T
otal
Wei
ght (
g): T
otal
una
djus
ted
wei
ght o
f all
10 p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts in
gra
ms.
This
va
lue
will
be
adju
sted
by
the
reco
nstru
ctio
n fa
ctor
cal
cula
ted
in th
e pr
evio
us p
roce
dure
. •
Rec
onst
ruct
ed w
eigh
t (lb
s/ac
): R
econ
stru
cted
wei
ght i
n po
unds
of a
ir dr
y fo
rage
per
ac
re.
5.
Upo
n co
mpl
etio
n of
all
data
ent
ry, t
he si
mila
rity
inde
x w
ill b
e di
spla
yed
in th
e pa
ram
eter
s sc
reen
. It i
s a g
ood
idea
to re
view
this
val
ue to
ver
ify th
at n
o da
ta e
ntry
err
ors w
ere
mad
e.
Figu
re 1
4-6.
Fie
ld w
eigh
t dat
a en
try fo
r tra
nsec
t 1 (N
E-SW
), m
rk 1
2.5
(eco
site
opt
ion)
. Use
th
e ra
dio
butto
ns a
djac
ent t
o tra
nsec
t mrk
s to
sele
ct a
noth
er q
uadr
at.
Tra
nsec
t 1 (N
E-S
W)
Gra
ms/
Qua
drat
@M
ark
Spec
ies
W
12.5
38
63
11
3 13
8
BO
ER4
blac
k gr
ama
20
40
0
40
0
SPC
R sa
nd d
rops
eed
0
0 30
0
40
GU
SA2
broo
m sn
akew
eed
0
0 0
0 40
ER
LO5
long
leaf
bu
ckw
heat
0 0
4 0
0
CR
TE4
Texa
s cro
ton
0
20
10
20
20
CH
CH
5 br
istle
cup
sand
mat
0 0
0 0
0
AC
NA
2 dw
arf d
eser
t pe
ony
0
0 0
0 0
ERLE
Ley
man
s lov
egra
ss
0
0 0
0 0
YU
EL so
aptre
e yu
cca
X
80
85
OPP
O P
lain
s pric
kley
pear
X
225
22
5
Sp
ecie
s Com
posi
tion
by W
eigh
t (N
on-F
eder
al R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
14-9
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Figu
re 1
4-7.
Fie
ld w
eigh
t dat
a fo
r tra
nsec
t 2 (N
W/S
E). U
se th
e ‘A
dd’ b
utto
n to
add
mor
e sp
ecie
s tha
n ca
n be
dis
play
ed o
n on
e pa
ge. T
o m
ove
from
pag
e to
pag
e, u
se th
e pa
ge p
ull
dow
n m
enu.
Tra
nsec
t 2 (N
W-S
E)
Gra
ms/
Qua
drat
@M
ark
Spec
ies
W
12.5
38
63
11
3 13
8
BO
ER4
blac
k gr
ama
10
30
0
0 20
SPC
R sa
nd d
rops
eed
0
0 0
0 0
GU
SA2
broo
m sn
akew
eed
10
0
0 0
0 ER
LO5
long
leaf
bu
ckw
heat
0 0
0 0
0
CR
TE4
Texa
s cro
ton
0
0 20
20
10
C
HC
H5
bris
tlecu
p sa
ndm
at
0
0 0
0 10
AC
NA
2 dw
arf d
eser
t pe
ony
0
0 0
0 30
ERLE
Ley
man
s lov
egra
ss
30
20
0
0 0
YU
EL so
aptre
e yu
cca
X
22
5
350
OPP
O P
lain
s pric
kley
pear
X
300
22
5
Figu
re 1
4-8.
Com
plet
e re
quire
d re
cons
truct
ion
data
ent
ry fo
r eac
h pl
ant s
peci
es. T
he
reco
nstru
ctio
n fa
ctor
, tot
al w
eigh
t, re
cons
truct
ed w
eigh
t and
pot
entia
l and
allo
wab
le
prod
uctio
n w
ill b
e au
tom
atic
ally
cal
cula
ted.
Spec
ies
%D
wt
%U
nGr
%G
rth
%C
lim
%A
P
BO
ER4
90
90
90
95
30
SPC
R 95
90
90
95
20
GU
SA2
85
100
100
95
1.5
ERLO
5 90
10
0 10
0 95
2.
5
CR
TE4
90
100
100
95
2.5
CH
CH
5 90
10
0 10
0 95
3.
0
AC
NA
2
90
100
100
95
3.0
ERLE
95
10
0 10
0 95
0
YU
EL
85
100
100
95
10
OPP
O
60
100
100
95
1.5
St
andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
5-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
St
andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
)
15.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Fi
eld
wei
ght b
y qu
adra
t (su
bplo
t)
15.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• C
larif
icat
ion
in in
stru
ctio
ns th
at w
oody
vin
es sh
ould
be
cla
ssifi
ed a
s low
, med
ium
, or h
igh
shru
bs b
ased
on
basa
l dia
met
er.
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
15.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es in
C
hapt
er 6
.
15.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• D
ry w
eigh
t for
her
bace
ous s
peci
es m
ay b
e de
term
ined
by
sub
sam
ple
or to
tal w
eigh
t. Th
is c
an b
e ad
just
ed in
th
e Pa
ram
s scr
een.
Dry
wei
ght d
eter
min
atio
ns sh
ould
be
done
for e
ach
biom
ass s
ubpl
ot
as sp
ecie
s com
posi
tion
chan
ges f
rom
alo
ng th
e tra
nsec
t. •
Ente
r wei
ghts
for h
erba
ceou
s pla
nt in
gra
ms (
g)
• M
icro
wav
e or
air
dry
sam
ple
or to
tal t
o ob
tain
dry
wei
ght
• St
ates
will
spec
ify th
e he
rbac
eous
qua
drat
fram
e si
ze (1
.92,
4.8
, or 9
.6 sq
uare
feet
) bas
ed
on v
eget
atio
n co
mm
uniti
es in
thei
r sta
te.
• D
ry w
eigh
t for
woo
dy sp
ecie
s is d
eter
min
ed w
ith th
e eq
uatio
n m
etho
d by
reco
rdin
g th
e sp
ecie
s gro
up, d
iam
eter
, and
num
ber o
f ste
ms o
r tre
es.
• In
clud
e pl
ant b
iom
ass f
rom
stem
s and
pla
nt b
ases
root
ed fr
om in
side
the
fram
e ar
ea a
t ea
ch b
iom
ass s
ubpl
ot lo
catio
n (c
anop
y bo
th in
side
and
out
side
the
subp
lot).
Con
vers
ely,
al
l pla
nts r
oote
d ou
tsid
e th
e qu
adra
t with
ove
rhan
ging
veg
etat
ion
in th
e su
bplo
t are
co
nsid
ered
"out
side
the
subp
lot a
nd n
ot re
cord
ed.
• In
clud
e bo
th li
ving
and
dea
d pl
ant m
ater
ial c
onsi
dere
d pl
ant c
anop
y (d
o no
t inc
lude
gr
ound
litte
r in
the
biom
ass s
ampl
e)
• Th
ere
are
a to
tal o
f 5 h
erba
ceou
s sub
plot
s and
2 tw
o ex
pand
ed w
oody
subp
lots
. •
All
subp
lot f
ram
es a
re c
ente
red
at th
e pr
edet
erm
ined
tran
sect
mrk
s tan
gent
to th
e no
rth
side
of t
he ta
pe.
• Th
e ce
nter
of w
oody
pla
nts m
ust b
e at
leas
t 50%
with
in th
e ex
pand
ed su
bplo
t’s e
dge
to
be in
clud
ed.
15.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
15.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re o
r ran
ge sa
mpl
es, s
tand
ing
biom
ass d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for
non-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot m
anag
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t man
aged
as r
ange
.
15.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
St
andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
5-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ces a
re re
quire
d:
• Pl
ant i
dent
ifica
tion
aids
•
USD
A-N
RC
S N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k, 2
003
• Fo
rage
Sui
tabi
lity
Gro
ups
15.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Stan
ding
Bio
mas
s
15.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s H
erba
ceou
s Pla
nt. A
term
use
d to
refe
renc
e ve
geta
tive
plan
ts w
ith li
ttle
or n
o w
oody
co
mpo
nent
, usu
ally
gra
min
oids
and
forb
s. [N
RPH
]
Woo
dy p
lant
. A te
rm u
sed
in re
fere
nce
to tr
ees,
shru
bs, o
r bro
wse
that
cha
ract
eris
tical
ly c
onta
in
a pe
rsis
tent
lign
eous
mat
eria
l. [N
RPH
]
Bio
mas
s sub
plot
(qua
drat
). A
subp
lot o
r qua
drat
est
ablis
hed
alon
g th
e tra
nsec
t at p
rede
term
ined
in
terv
als t
o pr
ovid
e ar
eas f
or d
eter
min
ing
biom
ass b
y sp
ecie
s.
• H
erba
ceou
s bio
mas
s sub
plot
s are
cen
tere
d on
m
rks a
t 12.
5 an
d 13
7.5
feet
in th
e N
W/S
E tra
nsec
t an
d 37
.5, 6
2.5
and
112.
5 in
the
NE/
SW tr
anse
ct.
Qua
drat
size
can
be
1.92
, 4.8
, or 9
.6 sq
uare
feet
. Ea
ch st
ate
will
spec
ify th
e he
rbac
eous
qua
drat
si
ze b
ased
on
vege
tatio
n co
mm
uniti
es in
thei
r st
ate.
Cor
rect
ion
fact
ors (
gram
s to
lbs/
acre
) are
de
faul
ted
base
d w
hen
subp
lot s
ize
is c
hose
n in
the
CA
SI.
• W
oody
bio
mas
s sub
plot
s are
cen
tere
d on
mrk
s at
37.5
and
112
.5 fe
et a
long
the
NE/
SW tr
anse
ct
only
. The
subp
lot s
ize
is 4
35.6
squa
re fe
et (0
.01
acre
).
Subp
lots
(qua
drat
s) a
re e
stab
lishe
d as
show
n in
the
subp
lot d
esig
n (f
igur
e 15
.1).
Her
bace
ous s
ubpl
ots a
re
repr
esen
ted
by th
e sm
all c
ircle
s and
woo
dy su
bplo
ts
by th
e la
rger
circ
les.
15.5
.2 P
roce
dure
15
.5.2
.1 H
erba
ceou
s Bio
mas
s Sub
plot
s
1.
Tap
the
para
met
ers b
utto
n an
d en
ter t
he h
erba
ceou
s sub
plot
size
. Sta
tes w
ill sp
ecify
the
herb
aceo
us su
bplo
t siz
e/sa
mpl
ing
fram
e (1
.92,
4.8
or 9
.6 sq
uare
feet
) tha
t will
con
sist
ently
re
pres
ent p
rodu
ctio
n.
• Fo
r sod
-form
ing
past
ures
, the
1.9
2 ft2
sam
plin
g fr
ame
is re
com
men
ded.
•
For b
unch
gras
s pas
ture
s, th
e sa
mpl
ing
fram
e si
ze m
ay n
eed
to b
e in
crea
sed
to 4
.8 ft
2 or
9.6
ft 2 to
acc
omm
odat
e se
vera
l pla
nt c
row
ns.
Figu
re 1
5-1.
Tra
nsec
ts a
nd
asso
ciat
ed p
rodu
ctio
n qu
adra
ts.
St
andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
5-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• N
ote:
The
exp
ande
d w
oody
subp
lots
at 3
7.5
and
112.
5 ft
mar
ks o
n th
e N
E/SW
tran
sect
de
faul
ts to
0.0
1 ac
re si
ze (2
3.5
ft di
amet
er c
ircle
or 2
0.9
ft. sq
uare
). •
Ref
er to
the
Nat
iona
l Ran
ge a
nd P
astu
re H
andb
ook
Cha
pter
4, s
ectio
n 60
0.04
01c
and
exhi
bits
4.1
, 4.2
and
4.4
for a
dditi
onal
info
rmat
ion
and
refe
renc
e.
2.
From
the
para
met
ers s
cree
n, e
nter
the
dry
wei
ght
dete
rmin
atio
n m
etho
d fo
r mec
hani
cal h
arve
st o
f he
rbac
eous
pla
nt m
ater
ial.
Dry
wei
ght c
an b
e de
term
ined
in
the
CA
SI u
sing
one
of t
wo
met
hods
list
ed b
elow
.
• Su
b sa
mpl
e: T
otal
gre
en w
eigh
t in
gram
s is e
nter
ed
in th
e C
ASI
and
a sa
mpl
e of
the
mat
eria
l is o
btai
ned
to d
eter
min
e ai
r dry
wei
ght.
Sam
ple
gree
n w
eigh
t and
sa
mpl
e dr
y w
eigh
t are
als
o en
tere
d an
d th
e C
ASI
m
akes
a fi
nal c
alcu
latio
n to
det
erm
ine
tota
l sub
plot
dr
y w
eigh
t. •
Tot
al: T
otal
gre
en w
eigh
t in
gram
s is e
nter
ed in
the
CA
SI a
nd th
e en
tire
sam
ple
is m
aint
aine
d fo
r dry
w
eigh
t det
erm
inat
ion
whi
ch is
then
ent
ered
in C
ASI
.
3.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1)
.
• Fo
r add
ition
al in
form
atio
n on
the
subp
lot a
nd tr
anse
ct,
refe
r to
Cha
pter
3, S
ectio
n 3.
6, P
roce
dure
for
Esta
blis
hing
/Doc
umen
ting
the
Sam
ple
Plot
and
Tr
anse
cts.
• A
lway
s sta
nd o
n th
e so
uth
side
of t
he tr
anse
ct to
avo
id
dist
urbi
ng th
e m
easu
rem
ent a
rea.
•
The
line
shou
ld b
e ta
ut a
nd p
lace
d as
clo
se to
the
grou
nd a
s pos
sibl
e.
4.
For e
ach
subp
lot,
cent
er th
e sa
mpl
ing
fram
e ta
ngen
t to
the
north
side
of t
he ta
pe a
t the
pr
edet
erm
ined
tran
sect
mrk
. Tra
nsec
t mrk
s are
show
n in
figu
re 1
5-1.
The
re a
re a
tota
l of 5
he
rbac
eous
subp
lots
and
two
expa
nded
woo
dy su
bplo
ts.
5.
Clip
and
wei
gh th
e to
tal s
ubpl
ot g
reen
fiel
d w
eigh
t and
ent
er a
s tot
al g
reen
wei
ght i
n th
e C
ASI
.
• In
clud
e bo
th li
ving
and
dea
d pl
ant m
ater
ial (
cano
py b
oth
insi
de a
nd o
utsi
de th
e qu
adra
t) pr
oduc
ed b
y st
ems a
nd p
lant
bas
es g
row
ing
insi
de th
e bi
omas
s sub
plot
. •
Con
vers
ely,
all
plan
ts ro
oted
out
side
the
subp
lot w
ith o
verh
angi
ng v
eget
atio
n in
the
subp
lot a
re c
onsi
dere
d "o
utsi
de th
e su
bplo
t" a
nd n
ot re
cord
ed.
• W
hen
clip
ping
her
bace
ous v
eget
atio
n, h
arve
st to
gro
und
leve
l
6.
Dat
a en
try re
quire
men
ts fo
r dry
wei
ght d
eter
min
atio
n va
ry b
y w
hich
met
hod
was
sele
cted
un
der t
he p
aram
eter
s scr
een.
• Fo
r the
sub
sam
ple
prot
ocol
: o
Ta
ke w
ell m
ixed
sam
ple
of m
ater
ial f
rom
the
tota
l gre
en w
eigh
t har
vest
. Rec
ord
the
gree
n w
eigh
t of t
his s
ampl
e in
gra
ms i
n th
e su
b-sa
mpl
e w
eigh
t dat
a en
try c
ell.
o
Air
dry
this
sam
ple
and
then
reco
rd th
e su
b sa
mpl
e dr
y w
eigh
t in
the
CA
SI. T
he
CA
SI w
ill th
en c
ompu
te th
e to
tal d
ry w
eigh
t for
the
biom
ass s
ubpl
ot.
Figu
re 1
5-2.
Acc
ess t
he
para
met
ers s
cree
n be
fore
dat
a en
try. T
his s
cree
n is
use
d to
se
t plo
t siz
e an
d ha
rves
t m
etho
ds.
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andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
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Janu
ary
2019
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razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Fo
r the
tota
l pro
toco
l: o
A
ir dr
y th
e en
tire
biom
ass s
ubpl
ot h
arve
st a
nd e
nter
this
val
ue a
s tot
al d
ry w
eigh
t in
the
CA
SI.
7.
Rep
eat s
teps
4-6
for e
ach
desi
gnat
ed su
bplo
t on
both
tran
sect
s.
The
CA
SI w
ill d
ispl
ay th
e to
tal d
ry w
eigh
t pro
duct
ion
per a
cre
in th
e pa
ram
eter
s scr
een
base
d on
th
e en
tere
d su
bplo
t siz
e an
d a
full
set o
f har
vest
ed su
bplo
ts.
15.5
.2.2
Woo
dy B
iom
ass S
ubpl
ots (
Equa
tion
base
d)
Spec
ies:
Woo
dy p
lant
spec
ies o
r pla
nt ty
pe g
roup
s tha
t can
be
estim
ated
usi
ng th
e eq
uatio
n ba
sed
woo
dy b
iom
ass m
etho
d.
Tre
e D
iam
eter
at B
reas
t Hei
ght (
dbh)
: Tre
e db
h is
out
side
bar
k di
amet
er a
t bre
ast h
eigh
t. B
reas
t hei
ght i
s def
ined
as 4
.5 fe
et (1
.37m
) abo
ve th
e fo
rest
floo
r on
the
uphi
ll si
de o
f the
tree
. Tr
ees w
ith m
ultip
le st
ems f
rom
the
base
will
cou
nt e
ach
stem
as a
sepa
rate
tree
. Fig
ure
15-3
sh
ows s
tand
ard
poin
ts o
f mea
sure
men
ts fo
r DB
H.
Shru
b D
iam
eter
at B
ase:
Dia
met
er o
f shr
ub st
em a
s det
erm
ined
at t
he b
ase
of th
e pl
ant.
1.
Expa
nded
woo
dy su
bplo
ts a
re lo
cate
d at
t 37
.5 a
nd 1
12.5
ft m
arks
on
the
NE/
SW tr
anse
ct. 2
.
• If
any
woo
dy p
lant
s are
pre
sent
, lay
out a
n ex
pand
ed w
oody
subp
lot 0
.01
acre
in si
ze
(23.
5 ft
diam
eter
circ
le o
r 20.
9 ft.
squa
re).
2.
Rev
iew
the
expa
nded
subp
lot c
aref
ully
and
cla
ssify
the
any
root
ed w
oody
mat
eria
l (liv
e or
de
ad) i
nto
plan
t spe
cies
/siz
e gr
oups
.
3.
Sele
ct th
e pl
ant s
peci
es/g
roup
from
the
CA
SI c
hoic
e lis
t.
• Th
e sa
me
spec
ies/
grou
p m
ay b
e en
tere
d m
ore
than
onc
e if
ther
e is
a si
gnifi
cant
diff
eren
ce
in si
ze o
f the
pla
nt d
iam
eter
.
4.
Ente
r ste
m d
iam
eter
for t
he id
entif
ied
spec
ies g
roup
s (ta
ble
15-2
).
• Fo
r tre
es, e
nter
the
dbh
for t
he sp
ecie
s gro
up in
cen
timet
ers.
• Fo
r shr
ubs,
ente
r the
stem
dia
met
er a
t the
bas
e of
the
plan
t in
cent
imet
ers.
5.
Ente
r the
num
ber o
f pla
nts (
e.g.
, num
ber o
f tre
es o
r ste
ms)
for e
ach
spec
ies/
grou
p.
6.
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
for a
ny o
ther
woo
dy sp
ecie
s/gr
oup
iden
tifie
d as
par
t of t
he w
oody
su
bplo
t.
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andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
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ary
2019
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razi
ng L
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On-
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a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Fig.
15.
3. S
tand
ards
for
mea
suri
ng d
bh fo
r va
riou
s situ
atio
ns in
the
field
: (a)
leve
l gr
ound
; (b)
slop
ing
grou
nd; (
c) u
neve
n gr
ound
; (d)
lean
ing
trees
; (e)
cro
ok n
ear b
reas
t hei
ght;
(f) d
efec
ts a
nd tr
ees w
ith sw
ellin
gs, b
umps
, dep
ress
ions
, and
bra
nche
s at D
BH
, mea
sure
di
amet
er im
med
iate
ly a
bove
the
irreg
ular
ity a
t the
pla
ce it
cea
ses t
o af
fect
nor
mal
stem
form
; (g
); tre
es fo
rked
at o
r abo
ve 4
.5 fe
et. T
rees
fork
ed a
t or a
bove
4.5
feet
are
cou
nted
as o
ne
sing
le tr
ee).
If a
fork
occ
urs a
t or i
mm
edia
tely
abo
ve 4
.5 fe
et, m
easu
re d
iam
eter
bel
ow th
e fo
rk
just
ben
eath
any
swel
ling
that
wou
ld in
flate
DB
H; (
h) tr
ees f
orke
d be
twee
n 1.
0 fo
ot a
nd 4
.5
feet
. Tre
es fo
rked
bet
wee
n 1.
0 fo
ot a
nd 4
.5 fe
et a
re m
easu
red
as se
para
te tr
ees;
(i) b
uttre
ssed
tre
e, tr
ees w
ith b
utt-s
wel
l or b
ottle
neck
: Mea
sure
thes
e tre
es 1
.5 fe
et a
bove
the
end
of th
e sw
ell o
r bot
tlene
ck if
the
swel
l or b
ottle
neck
ext
ends
3.0
feet
or m
ore
abov
e th
e gr
ound
.
St
andi
ng B
iom
ass (
Past
urel
and
only
) | 1
5-6
Janu
ary
2019
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razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
15.6
Ref
eren
ces
• B
row
n, J.
K. 1
976.
Est
imat
ing
shru
b bi
omas
s fro
m b
asal
stem
dia
met
ers.
Can
adia
n J.
Fore
st R
esea
rch
6: 1
53-1
58.
• G
holz
, H.L
., C
.C. G
rier,
A.G
. Cam
pbel
l, an
d A
.T. B
row
n. 1
979.
Equ
atio
ns fo
r esti
mat
ing
biom
ass a
nd le
af a
rea
of p
lant
s in
the
Paci
fic N
orth
wes
t. Fo
rest
Res
earc
h La
bora
tory
, O
rego
n St
ate
Uni
v., C
orva
llis,
Ore
gon.
•
Jenk
ins,
J.C.,
D.C
. Cho
jnac
ky, L
.S. H
eath
, and
R.A
. Bird
sey.
200
3. N
atio
nal-s
cale
bi
omas
s est
imat
ors f
or U
nite
s Sta
tes S
peci
es. F
ores
t Sci
ence
. 49:
12-
35.
• La
mbe
rt, M
.C.,
C.-H
. Ung
, and
F. R
aulie
r. 20
05. C
anad
ian
natio
nal t
ree
abov
egro
und
biom
ass e
quat
ions
. Can
adia
n Jo
urna
l For
est R
esea
rch
35:1
996-
2018
. •
Nor
ris, M
.D.,
J.M. B
lair,
L.C
. Joh
nson
, and
R.B
McK
ane.
200
1. A
sses
sing
cha
nges
in
biom
ass,
prod
uctiv
ity, a
nd C
and
N st
ores
follo
win
g Ju
nipe
rus v
irgin
iana
fore
st
expa
nsio
n in
to ta
llgra
ss p
rairi
e. C
anad
ian
J. Fo
rest
Res
earc
h 31
:194
0-19
46.
• Te
r-Mik
aelia
n, M
.T.,
and
M.D
. Kor
zukh
in. 1
997.
Bio
mas
s equ
atio
ns fo
r six
ty-fi
ve N
orth
A
mer
ican
tree
spec
ies.
Fore
st e
colo
gy a
nd m
anag
emen
t 97:
1-2
4.
• Tr
itton
, L.M
., an
d J.W
. Hor
nbec
k. 1
982.
Bio
mas
s equ
atio
ns fo
r maj
or tr
ee sp
ecie
s of t
he
north
east
. USD
A-U
SFS,
Nor
thea
ster
n Fo
rest
Exp
. Sta
tion.
Gen
eral
Tec
h. R
epor
t NE-
69.
• U
ng C
.-H.,
P. B
erni
er, a
nd X
.J. G
uo. 2
008.
Can
adia
n na
tiona
l bio
mas
s equ
atio
ns: n
ew
para
met
er e
stim
ates
that
incl
ude
Brit
ish
Col
umbi
a da
ta. C
anad
ian
Jour
nal F
ores
t R
esea
rch
38:1
120-
1132
. •
Whi
sena
nt, S
.G.,
and
D.F
. Bur
zlaf
f. 19
78. P
redi
ctin
g gr
een
wei
ght o
f mes
quite
(Pro
sopi
s gl
andu
losa
Tor
r.). J
ourn
al o
f Ran
ge M
anag
emen
t 31:
396-
397.
Tab
le 1
5-2.
A c
hoic
e lis
t is p
rovi
ded
to c
ateg
oriz
e w
oody
pla
nts i
nto
spec
ies g
roup
s.
Spec
ies G
roup
/Gro
wth
hab
it A
dditi
onal
cla
ssifi
catio
n in
form
atio
n - m
axim
um
diam
eter
lim
its
Ent
er d
bh in
cm
(tre
es)
Asp
en, A
lder
, Cot
tonw
ood
70 c
m
Soft
map
le, B
irch
66 c
m
Mix
ed h
ardw
oods
56
cm
H
ard
map
le, O
ak, H
icko
ry, B
eech
73
cm
C
edar
, Lar
ch
250
cm
Dou
glas
fir
210
cm
True
fir,
Hem
lock
23
0 cm
Pi
ne
180
cm
Spru
ce
250
cm
Juni
per,
Scru
b oa
ks, m
esqu
ite
78 c
m
Ent
er b
asal
dia
met
er in
cm
(shr
ubs)
*
Low
(≈
0.1
to 2
.5 ft
) and
0.1
to 1
.7 c
m b
asal
dia
met
er)
Med
ium
Shr
ub
(2.5
to 8
ft) a
nd 0
.3 to
7.0
cm
bas
al d
iam
eter
) H
igh
Shru
b (>
8.0
ft) a
nd 0
.4 to
7 c
m b
asal
dia
met
er)
*Woo
dy v
ines
shou
ld b
e cl
assi
fied
as lo
w, m
ediu
m, o
r hig
h sh
rubs
bas
ed o
n ba
sal d
iam
eter
.
Pl
ant C
ensu
s | 1
6-1
Janu
ary
2019
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ng L
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Pl
ant C
ensu
s
16.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• V
eget
atio
n co
mpo
sitio
n •
All
plan
ts, i
nclu
ding
inva
sive
pla
nts
• Pl
ants
not
enc
ount
ered
in o
ther
pro
toco
ls
16.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
16.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
cod
es in
C
hapt
er 6
.
16.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
is sh
ould
be
one
of th
e la
st p
roto
cols
com
plet
ed a
s pl
ants
inde
ntifi
ed in
oth
er p
roto
cols
can
be
auto
mat
ical
ly im
porte
d in
to th
e ce
nsus
list
. •
Car
e sh
ould
be
take
n to
not
tram
ple
the
plot
as t
his c
ould
impa
ct th
e id
entif
icat
ion
of
som
e pl
ant s
peci
es.
• Id
entif
y al
l pla
nts i
n m
acro
plot
by
genu
s and
spec
ies
• In
clud
e al
l pla
nts n
ot im
porte
d in
to th
e ce
nsus
from
oth
er p
roto
cols
, inc
ludi
ng th
ose
that
ar
e ra
re o
r occ
ur in
freq
uent
ly.
• Ti
med
sear
ch fo
r 15
min
utes
. •
Plan
t spe
cies
rich
ness
will
be
dete
rmin
ed fr
om th
is p
roto
col
• If
plan
t >=
to 3
.0%
cov
er, a
nd sp
ecie
s is u
nkno
wn;
iden
tify
at le
ast t
o ge
nus.
16.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
16.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
pla
nt c
ensu
s dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
pla
nt c
ensu
s dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, p
lant
cen
sus d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed F
eder
al
poin
ts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as
rang
e) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge).
16.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
Non
e re
quire
d.
Pl
ant C
ensu
s | 1
6-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
16.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Plan
t Cen
sus
16.5
.1 E
quip
men
t •
Plan
t ide
ntifi
catio
n ke
ys, b
ooks
, or o
ther
aid
s.
16.5
.2 D
efin
ition
s M
acro
plot
. A c
ircul
ar a
rea
150
feet
in d
iam
eter
cen
tere
d on
the
NR
I sam
ple
poin
t. Th
e pl
ot is
def
ined
by
the
oute
rmos
t poi
nts
of tw
o tra
nsec
ts 1
50 fe
et in
leng
th th
at in
ters
ect a
t the
NR
I sa
mpl
e po
int.
Tran
sect
bea
rings
are
set o
n a
diag
onal
from
no
rthea
st (N
E) to
sout
hwes
t (SW
) and
nor
thw
est (
NW
) to
sout
heas
t (SE
). A
labe
led
plot
dia
gram
is sh
own
in fi
gure
16-
1.
16.5
.3 P
roce
dure
1.
Th
is p
roto
col s
houl
d be
don
e af
ter p
lant
hei
ght a
nd li
ne
poin
t int
erce
pt p
roto
cols
are
com
plet
e. P
lant
spec
ies
iden
tifie
d in
eith
er o
f the
se p
roto
cols
can
be
auto
mat
ical
ly
impo
rted
into
the
plan
t cen
sus p
roto
col.
2.
Tap
the
Impo
rt b
utto
n to
brin
g al
l pre
viou
sly
iden
tifie
d pl
ants
into
the
prot
ocol
pla
nt li
st.
• To
aid
in v
iew
ing
the
list,
a so
rt fu
nctio
n is
als
o in
clud
ed w
ith th
is p
roto
col.
Tap
the
Sort
bu
tton
to so
rt al
phab
etic
ally
by
plan
t sym
bol d
esig
natio
n.
3.
Beg
in a
tim
ed se
arch
(15
min
utes
) for
any
add
ition
al p
lant
spec
ies.
• A
tim
er is
incl
uded
on
this
pro
toco
l scr
een.
Tap
it to
beg
in th
e 15
min
ute
timed
ID
sess
ion.
•
If at
leas
t 1 n
ew sp
ecie
s is e
ncou
nter
ed in
last
2 m
inut
es o
f sea
rch,
con
tinue
sear
chin
g in
2
min
ute
inte
rval
s unt
il no
new
spec
ies a
re e
ncou
nter
ed w
ithin
the
ultim
ate
2 m
inut
e in
terv
al.
• Th
is p
roto
col u
ses t
he sa
me
USD
A-P
lant
s pla
nt c
hoic
e lis
ts a
nd te
chni
ques
as p
lant
he
ight
and
the
line
poin
t int
erce
pt p
roto
cols
. •
Do
not u
se th
e 15
min
ute
time
fram
e to
iden
tify
unkn
own
plan
ts. P
lace
them
asi
de a
nd
wor
k on
ID a
t a la
ter t
ime.
•
If th
e sp
ecie
s rep
rese
nts a
t lea
st 3%
of t
he p
lot p
lant
cov
er, i
dent
ify a
t lea
st to
gen
us.
• W
hene
ver p
ossi
ble,
pro
vide
pla
nt ID
to th
e ge
nus a
nd sp
ecie
s. Su
b sp
ecie
s, va
rietie
s and
cu
ltiva
rs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed a
s par
t of t
his s
urve
y an
d no
t inc
lude
d in
the
CA
SI p
lant
s dat
a ba
se.
4.
Upo
n co
mpl
etio
n of
the
timed
sear
ch, e
stim
ate
a ta
lly fo
r eac
h pl
ant a
nd p
lace
it in
one
of t
he
follo
win
g ca
tego
ries:
• 1:
1 to
10
plan
ts
• 2:
11
to 1
00 p
lant
s •
3: 1
01 to
500
pla
nts
• 4:
501
to 1
000
plan
ts
• 5:
> 1
000
plan
ts
Figu
re 1
6-1.
Tra
nsec
t la
yout
and
mac
ropl
ot
diag
ram
.
R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s | 1
7-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s
17.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s o
So
il o
W
ater
o
A
ir o
Pl
ants
o
A
nim
als
Dat
a en
try sc
reen
s for
Res
ourc
e C
once
rns:
17.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
17.3
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
17.3
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
17.3
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
reso
urce
con
cern
dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
reso
urce
con
cern
dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he B
LM ra
nge
sam
ple,
reso
urce
con
cern
dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r BLM
-man
aged
Scre
en I
Scre
en II
Sc
reen
III
R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s | 1
7-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
17.3
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
, the
follo
win
g m
ater
ials
may
be
usef
ul in
co
llect
ing
data
for t
his c
hapt
er:
• En
gine
erin
g Fi
eld
Man
ual
• St
ate
Dra
inag
e M
anua
l •
Sect
ion
3 of
Fie
ld O
ffic
e Te
chni
cal G
uide
(FO
TG)
• N
atio
nal H
andb
ook
of C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
(NH
CP)
•
Nat
iona
l Ran
ge a
nd P
astu
re H
andb
ook
(NR
PH)
17.4
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Res
ourc
e C
once
rns
17.4
.1 D
efin
ition
s R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s. A
n id
entif
ied
cons
erva
tion
prob
lem
use
d to
set q
ualit
y cr
iteria
and
tre
atm
ent n
eeds
for a
reso
urce
man
agem
ent s
yste
m. N
RC
S ha
s his
toric
ally
div
ided
maj
or
reso
urce
con
cern
s int
o th
e ge
nera
l cat
egor
ies o
f Soi
l, W
ater
, Air,
Pla
nt, a
nd A
nim
al (S
WA
PA).
[NR
I-200
0]
Con
serv
atio
n M
anag
emen
t Uni
t (C
MU
). Th
e CM
U sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
equ
ival
ent t
o th
e fie
ld
(fen
ced
or d
elin
eate
d by
oth
er m
eans
) whe
re th
e N
RI p
oint
resi
des.
If no
fiel
d bo
unda
ry e
xist
s, us
e a
dist
ance
of 1
,000
ft a
s a b
ound
ary.
Do
not c
ross
pub
lic ro
ads,
railr
oads
, or o
bvio
us
owne
rshi
p bo
unda
ries w
ithin
the
1,00
0 ft
dist
ance
. [N
RI-2
008
Past
ure
Pilo
t On-
Site
Stu
dy]
17.4
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
D
eter
min
e co
rrec
t sam
ple
poin
t loc
atio
n fo
r dat
a co
llect
ion.
The
cor
rect
loca
tion
is th
e ce
rtifie
d po
int l
ocat
ion
as d
epic
ted
on th
e si
te m
ap. C
ertif
ied
loca
tions
are
the
geog
raph
ic
coor
dina
te sy
stem
des
crip
tions
of N
RI s
ampl
e po
ints
and
segm
ents
that
acc
urat
ely
desc
ribe
the
loca
tion
of e
ach
poin
t and
segm
ent i
n pr
ior N
RI d
ata
colle
ctio
n. T
he c
ertif
ied
loca
tion
is
uniq
ue fo
r eac
h po
int a
nd se
gmen
t.
2.
Iden
tify
the
CM
U (t
he a
rea
cons
ider
ed fo
r con
serv
atio
n pl
anni
ng) w
here
the
sam
ple
poin
t fa
lls.
3.
Iden
tify
any
cond
ition
s tha
t are
ass
ocia
ted
with
the
22 re
sour
ce c
once
rns a
t the
sam
ple
poin
t an
d C
MU
.
• A
list
of 2
0 co
ncer
ns o
rgan
ized
by
SWA
PA c
ateg
orie
s alo
ng w
ith d
efin
ition
s is a
vaila
ble
in S
ectio
n 17
.5, S
uppo
rting
Mat
eria
ls.
• If
mul
tiple
sam
ple
poin
ts o
ccur
with
in th
e sa
me
field
or t
reat
men
t uni
t, re
sour
ce c
once
rn
info
rmat
ion
mus
t be
ente
red
for e
ach
sam
ple
poin
t.
4.
Ente
r (Y
) for
any
iden
tifie
d re
sour
ce c
once
rn fr
om th
e lis
t of d
ispl
ayed
pot
entia
l con
cern
s.
• R
efer
to lo
cal F
ield
Off
ice
Tech
nica
l Gui
de, S
ectio
n 3,
Res
ourc
e Q
ualit
y C
riter
ia fo
r hel
p in
iden
tific
atio
n.
R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s | 1
7-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
17.5
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
17.5
.1 S
oil C
once
rn D
efin
ition
s 17
.5.1
.1 S
oil E
rosi
on
Shee
t & R
ill -
Det
achm
ent a
nd tr
ansp
ort o
f soi
l par
ticle
s cau
sed
by ra
infa
ll sp
lash
and
runo
ff
degr
ade
soil
qual
ity.
Win
d - D
etac
hmen
t and
tran
spor
t of s
oil p
artic
les c
ause
d by
win
d de
grad
e so
il qu
ality
and
/or
dam
age
plan
ts.
Cla
ssic
Gul
ly -
Dee
p, p
erm
anen
t cha
nnel
s cau
sed
by th
e co
nver
genc
e of
surf
ace
runo
ff d
egra
de
soil
qual
ity. T
hey
enla
rge
prog
ress
ivel
y by
hea
dcut
ting
and
late
ral w
iden
ing.
Stre
amba
nk -
Acc
eler
ated
loss
of s
tream
bank
soils
rest
ricts
land
and
wat
er u
se a
nd m
anag
emen
t.
Shor
elin
e - S
oil i
s ero
ded
alon
g sh
orel
ines
by
win
d an
d w
ave
actio
n, c
ausi
ng p
hysi
cal d
amag
e to
ve
geta
tion,
lim
iting
land
use
, or c
reat
ing
a sa
fety
haz
ard.
Mas
s Mov
emen
t - S
oil s
lippa
ge, l
ands
lides
, or s
lope
failu
re, n
orm
ally
on
hills
ides
, res
ult i
n la
rge
volu
mes
of s
oil m
ovem
ent.
17.5
.1.2
Soi
l Con
ditio
n
Org
anic
Mat
ter
Dep
letio
n - S
oil o
rgan
ic m
atte
r has
or w
ill d
imin
ish
to a
leve
l tha
t deg
rade
s soi
l qu
ality
.
Com
pact
ion
- Com
pres
sed
soil
parti
cles
and
agg
rega
tes c
ause
d by
gra
zing
and
/or m
echa
nica
l co
mpa
ctio
n. C
ompa
ctio
n ef
fect
s adv
erse
ly a
ffec
t hyd
rolo
gy a
nd so
il m
oist
ure
rela
tions
hips
.
Dam
age
From
Soi
l Dep
ositi
on -
Sedi
men
t dep
ositi
on d
amag
es o
r res
trict
s lan
d us
e/m
anag
emen
t or
adv
erse
ly a
ffec
ts e
colo
gica
l pro
cess
es.
17.5
.2 W
ater
Con
cern
Def
initi
ons
17.5
.2.1
Wat
er Q
uant
ity
Exc
essi
ve R
unof
f, Fl
oodi
ng, o
r Po
ndin
g - W
ater
from
runo
ff, f
lood
ing,
or p
ondi
ng h
avin
g an
ad
vers
e ef
fect
on
land
use
and
man
agem
ent.
Red
uced
Sto
rage
of W
ater
-bod
ies b
y Se
dim
ent A
ccum
ulat
ion
- Sed
imen
t dep
osits
in
wat
erbo
dies
redu
ce th
e de
sire
d vo
lum
e ca
paci
ty.
Insu
ffic
ient
Flo
ws i
n W
ater
Cou
rses
- W
ater
flow
s are
not
con
sist
ently
ava
ilabl
e in
suff
icie
nt
quan
titie
s to
supp
ort e
colo
gica
l pro
cess
es a
nd la
nd u
se a
nd m
anag
emen
t.
17.5
.2.2
Wat
er Q
ualit
y
Exc
essi
ve N
utri
ents
and
Org
anic
s in
Surf
ace
Wat
er -
Pollu
tion
from
nat
ural
or h
uman
indu
ced
nutri
ents
, suc
h as
N, P
, and
org
anic
s (In
clud
ing
anim
al a
nd o
ther
was
tes)
, deg
rade
s sur
face
wat
er
qual
ity.
R
esou
rce
Con
cern
s | 1
7-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Exc
essi
ve S
uspe
nded
Sed
imen
t and
Tur
bidi
ty in
Sur
face
Wat
er -
Pollu
tion
from
min
eral
or
orga
nic
parti
cles
deg
rade
s sur
face
wat
er q
ualit
y.
17.5
.3 P
lant
Con
cern
Def
initi
ons
17.5
.3.1
Pla
nt C
ondi
tion
Plan
t Not
Ada
pted
or
Suite
d - P
lant
s are
not
ada
pted
and
/or s
uite
d to
site
con
ditio
ns.
Prod
uctiv
ity, H
ealth
and
Vig
or -
Plan
ts d
o no
t pro
duce
the
yiel
ds, q
ualit
y, a
nd so
il co
ver t
o pr
otec
t the
reso
urce
.
Nox
ious
and
Inva
sive
Pla
nts -
The
site
has
nox
ious
or i
nvas
ive
plan
ts p
rese
nt.
Fora
ge Q
ualit
y an
d Pa
lata
bilit
y - P
lant
s do
not h
ave
adeq
uate
nut
ritiv
e va
lue
or p
alat
abili
ty fo
r th
e in
tend
ed u
se.
Wild
fire
Haz
ard
- The
kin
ds a
nd a
mou
nts o
f fue
l loa
ding
s (pl
ant b
iom
ass,
dry
litte
r) p
ose
a w
ildfir
e ris
k to
hum
an sa
fety
, stru
ctur
es, a
nd la
nd re
sour
ces.
17.5
.4 A
nim
als C
once
rn D
efin
ition
s 17
.5.4
.1 D
omes
tic A
nim
al
Inad
equa
te S
tock
Wat
er -
The
quan
tity,
qua
lity,
and
dis
tribu
tion
of d
rinki
ng w
ater
are
in
suff
icie
nt to
mee
t the
pro
duct
ion
goal
s for
the
kind
s and
cla
sses
of l
ives
tock
.
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
| 18
-1
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ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
18.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
Dat
a en
try sc
reen
s for
Con
serv
atio
n Pr
actic
es:
18.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
18.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
• Pr
actic
e 57
5 no
w c
orre
ctly
labe
led
as “
Trai
ls a
nd W
alkw
ays”
inst
ead
of “
Ani
mal
Tra
ils
and
Wal
kway
s.”
18.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• C
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
appl
icat
ion
and
need
s are
det
erm
ined
for t
he c
onse
rvat
ion
man
agem
ent u
nit (
CM
U).
The
poin
t nee
d no
t fal
l dire
ctly
on
the
prac
tice
to b
e co
nsid
ered
ap
plie
d/ne
eded
for t
he p
oint
. The
are
a of
con
side
ratio
n fo
r det
erm
inin
g co
nser
vatio
n ap
plic
atio
n/ne
ed m
ay e
xten
d be
yond
the
segm
ent b
ound
ary,
but
mus
t be
in th
e co
nser
vatio
n m
anag
emen
t uni
t whe
re th
e sa
mpl
e po
int f
alls
. •
Con
serv
atio
n pr
actic
es sh
ould
be
reco
rded
if v
isua
lly a
ppar
ent f
or a
ny N
RI y
ear i
n w
hich
th
ey a
re a
pplie
d, m
aint
aine
d, a
nd fu
nctio
ning
acc
ordi
ng to
the
Stat
e pr
actic
e st
anda
rd.
They
are
not
just
repo
rted
the
year
they
are
firs
t est
ablis
hed.
For
exa
mpl
e, th
e pr
actic
e Po
nd [P
ract
ice
= 37
8] sh
ould
be
repo
rted
whe
n th
e po
nd is
initi
ally
est
ablis
hed
and
ther
eafte
r as l
ong
as it
is m
aint
aine
d an
d fu
nctio
ning
acc
ordi
ng to
the
prac
tice
stan
dard
.
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
| 18
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ary
2019
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ng L
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
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stru
ctio
ns
18.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
18.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
con
serv
atio
n pr
actic
e da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for B
LM-
man
aged
Fed
eral
poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
.
18.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ce is
requ
ired:
• Fi
eld
Off
ice
Tech
nica
l Gui
de S
ectio
n IV
(See
app
ropr
iate
stat
e.)
Mat
eria
ls u
sefu
l in
colle
ctin
g da
ta fo
r thi
s cha
pter
incl
ude:
• N
atio
nal H
andb
ook
of C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
•
Freq
uent
ly A
sked
Que
stio
ns (F
AQ
s) fo
r Con
serv
atio
n Pr
actic
es
• G
loss
ary
• A
ncill
ary
info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
by
field
off
ice
staf
f
18.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Con
serv
atio
n Pr
actic
es
18.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s C
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice.
A sp
ecifi
c tre
atm
ent,
such
as a
stru
ctur
al o
r veg
etat
ive
mea
sure
, or
man
agem
ent t
echn
ique
com
mon
ly u
sed
to m
eet s
peci
fic n
eeds
in p
lann
ing
and
impl
emen
ting
cons
erva
tion
for w
hich
stan
dard
s and
spec
ifica
tions
hav
e be
en d
evel
oped
. Con
serv
atio
n pr
actic
es
are
in th
e N
atur
al R
esou
rces
Con
serv
atio
n Se
rvic
e’s F
ield
Off
ice
Tech
nica
l Gui
de, S
ectio
n IV
, w
hich
is b
ased
on
the
Nat
iona
l Han
dboo
k of
Con
serv
atio
n Pr
actic
es [N
PPH
-98]
. The
pra
ctic
es
reco
rded
for N
RI h
ave
been
app
lied
to th
e ar
ea o
f lan
d in
whi
ch th
e N
RI p
oint
falls
or t
he p
ortio
n of
the
field
that
wou
ld b
e us
ed in
con
serv
atio
n pl
anni
ng (C
MU
). Th
e po
int n
eed
not f
all o
n a
spec
ific
prac
tice.
[NR
I-97]
Each
stat
e de
term
ines
whi
ch n
atio
nal p
ract
ice
stan
dard
s will
be
adap
ted
for u
se in
thei
r sta
te a
nd
issu
es th
em a
s sta
te c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
stan
dard
s in
Sect
ion
IV o
f the
Fie
ld O
ffic
e Te
chni
cal
Gui
de. T
he st
ate
adds
tech
nica
l det
ails
and
min
imum
stan
dard
s for
pra
ctic
e ap
plic
atio
n. T
his
guid
e sh
ould
be
refe
renc
ed fo
r sta
te-s
peci
fic p
ract
ice
info
rmat
ion.
Pra
ctic
es re
porte
d as
app
lied
for t
he p
oint
mus
t mee
t the
min
imum
stan
dard
s est
ablis
hed
in th
e pu
blis
hed
stat
e pr
actic
e st
anda
rds.
Con
serv
atio
n M
anag
emen
t Uni
t (C
MU
). Fo
r pur
pose
s of t
he N
RI,
a de
fined
are
a fo
r
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
| 18
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razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
cons
ider
atio
n of
a p
roto
col.
For c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tices
, the
CM
U sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
equ
ival
ent
to th
e fie
ld (f
ence
d or
del
inea
ted
by o
ther
mea
ns) w
here
the
NR
I poi
nt re
side
s. If
no fi
eld
boun
dary
exi
sts,
use
a di
stan
ce o
f 1,0
00 ft
as a
bou
ndar
y. D
o no
t cro
ss p
ublic
road
s, ra
ilroa
ds, o
r ob
viou
s ow
ners
hip
boun
darie
s with
in th
e 1,
000
ft di
stan
ce. [
NR
I-200
8 Pa
stur
elan
d O
n-Si
te
Stud
y].
18.5
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
Id
entif
y th
e C
MU
in w
hich
the
poin
t fal
ls fo
r the
cur
rent
surv
ey y
ear.
2.
Iden
tify
any
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
that
are
app
lied
in th
e sp
ecifi
ed a
rea
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e po
int.
• A
det
aile
d de
finiti
on o
f eac
h N
RI c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
and
the
appr
opria
te la
nd
cove
r/use
cat
egor
y ar
e in
clud
ed in
Sec
tion
18.6
, Sup
porti
ng M
ater
ials
. •
To b
e co
nsid
ered
app
lied,
a c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tice
mus
t:
o
be v
isua
lly a
ppar
ent o
n th
e si
te,
o
mee
t the
nat
iona
l sta
ndar
d de
finiti
on a
nd th
e m
inim
um st
ate
stan
dard
, and
o
be
func
tioni
ng a
nd m
aint
aine
d ac
cord
ing
to th
e in
tend
ed p
urpo
se.
• If
mul
tiple
sam
ple
poin
ts o
ccur
with
in th
e sa
me
field
or t
reat
men
t uni
t, co
nser
vatio
n pr
actic
e in
form
atio
n m
ust b
e en
tere
d fo
r eac
h po
int.
3.
Ente
r the
app
lied
prac
tice
info
rmat
ion
in th
e C
ASI
.
• C
heck
the
Yes
(Y) b
ox fo
r any
app
lied
prac
tices
for t
he c
urre
nt su
rvey
yea
r. •
Che
ck th
e N
o (N
) box
if th
e pr
actic
e is
not
pre
sent
. •
A Y
es (Y
) or N
o (N
) mus
t be
chec
ked
for e
ach
prac
tice
on a
ll C
ASI
scre
ens (
Set I
and
Se
t II).
4.
If a
‘no’
is e
nter
ed fo
r a p
ract
ice,
det
erm
ine
if th
e pr
actic
e is
nee
ded
to tr
eat a
reso
urce
co
ncer
n or
faci
litat
e ot
her c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tices
in a
reso
urce
man
agem
ent s
yste
m.
• C
heck
the
Yes
(Y) b
ox if
the
prac
tice
is n
eede
d.
• C
heck
the
No
(N) b
ox if
the
prac
tice
is n
ot n
eede
d.
• A
Yes
(Y) o
r No
(N) m
ust b
e ch
ecke
d fo
r eac
h pr
actic
e sh
own
as n
ot a
pplie
d.
Not
e: D
epen
ding
on
initi
al la
nd c
lass
ifica
tion
(pas
ture
or r
ange
land
), so
me
prac
tices
will
be
gray
ed o
ut so
they
can
not b
e an
swer
ed.
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
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ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
18.6
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls
Tab
le 1
8-1.
Sum
mar
y of
pra
ctic
e co
des,
nam
es, a
nd d
efin
ition
s (so
urce
: Nat
iona
l Han
dboo
k of
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
)
Prac
tice
Num
ber
Prac
tice
Nam
e Pr
actic
e D
escr
iptio
n R
ange
on
ly
Past
ure
only
314
Bru
sh M
anag
emen
t R
emov
al, r
educ
tion,
or
man
ipul
atio
n of
non
herb
aceo
us
plan
ts.
338
Pres
crib
ed B
urni
ng
App
lyin
g co
ntro
lled
fire
to a
pr
edet
erm
ined
are
a.
378
Pond
A
wat
er im
poun
dmen
t mad
e by
co
nstru
ctin
g an
em
bank
men
t or b
y ex
cava
ting
a pi
t or d
ugou
t.
380
Win
dbre
ak/S
helte
rbel
t Es
tabl
ishm
ent
Line
ar p
lant
ings
of s
ingl
e or
m
ultip
le ro
ws o
f tre
es o
r shr
ubs o
r se
ts o
f lin
ear p
lant
ings
.
382
Fenc
e A
con
stru
cted
bar
rier t
o liv
esto
ck,
wild
life,
or p
eopl
e.
390
Rip
aria
n H
erba
ceou
s C
over
Gra
sses
, gra
ss-li
ke p
lant
s and
forb
s th
at a
re to
lera
nt o
f int
erm
itten
t flo
odin
g or
satu
rate
d so
ils a
nd th
at
are
esta
blis
hed
or m
anag
ed in
the
trans
ition
al z
one
betw
een
terr
estri
al
and
aqua
tic h
abita
ts.
393
Filte
r Stri
p A
strip
or a
rea
of h
erba
ceou
s ve
geta
tion
that
rem
oves
co
ntam
inan
ts fr
om o
verla
nd fl
ow.
449
Irrig
atio
n W
ater
M
anag
emen
t
The
proc
ess o
f det
erm
inin
g an
d co
ntro
lling
the
volu
me,
freq
uenc
y an
d ap
plic
atio
n ra
te o
f irr
igat
ion
wat
er in
a p
lann
ed, e
ffic
ient
m
anne
r.
512
Fora
ge a
nd B
iom
ass
Plan
ting
Esta
blis
hing
nat
ive
or in
trodu
ced
fora
ge sp
ecie
s.
516
Pipe
line
Pipe
line
havi
ng a
n in
side
dia
met
er
of 8
inch
es o
r les
s.
528
Pres
crib
ed G
razi
ng
Man
agin
g th
e co
ntro
lled
harv
est o
f ve
geta
tion
with
gra
zing
ani
mal
s.
548
Gra
zing
Lan
d M
echa
nica
l Tre
atm
ent
Mod
ifyin
g ph
ysic
al so
il an
d/or
pl
ant c
ondi
tions
with
mec
hani
cal
tool
s by
treat
men
ts, s
uch
as p
ittin
g,
cont
our f
urro
win
g, a
nd ri
ppin
g or
su
bsoi
ling.
C
onse
rvat
ion
Prac
tices
| 18
-5
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ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Prac
tice
Num
ber
Prac
tice
Nam
e Pr
actic
e D
escr
iptio
n R
ange
on
ly
Past
ure
only
550
Ran
ge P
lant
ing
Esta
blis
hmen
t of a
dapt
ed p
eren
nial
ve
geta
tion,
such
as g
rass
es, f
orbs
, le
gum
es, s
hrub
s, an
d tre
es.
574
Sprin
g D
evel
opm
ent
Util
izin
g sp
rings
and
seep
s to
prov
ide
wat
er fo
r a c
onse
rvat
ion
need
.
575
Trai
ls a
nd W
alkw
ays
A tr
ail i
s a c
onst
ruct
ed p
ath
with
a
vege
tate
d or
ear
then
surf
ace.
A
wal
kway
is a
con
stru
cted
pat
h w
ith
an a
rtific
ial s
urfa
ce. A
tra
il/w
alkw
ay is
use
d to
faci
litat
e th
e m
ovem
ent o
f ani
mal
s, pe
ople
, or
off
-road
veh
icle
s.
614
Wat
erin
g Fa
cilit
y A
dev
ice
(tank
, tro
ugh,
or o
ther
w
ater
tight
con
tain
er) f
or p
rovi
ding
an
imal
acc
ess t
o w
ater
.
642
Wat
er W
ell
A h
ole
drill
ed, d
ug, d
riven
, bor
ed,
jette
d, o
r oth
erw
ise
cons
truct
ed to
an
aqu
ifer.
666
Fore
st S
tand
Im
prov
emen
t
The
man
ipul
atio
n of
spec
ies
com
posi
tion,
stan
d st
ruct
ure
and
stoc
king
by
cutti
ng o
r kill
ing
sele
cted
tree
s and
und
erst
ory
vege
tatio
n.
D
istu
rban
ce In
dica
tors
| 19
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ary
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
D
istu
rban
ce In
dica
tors
19.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Pa
st a
nd p
rese
nt d
istu
rban
ce o
f the
list
ed in
dica
tors
Scre
en sh
ots o
f scr
een
1 an
d 2
dist
urba
nces
. Fiv
e ot
her s
cree
ns a
re u
sed
for r
ecor
ding
di
stur
banc
es.
19.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• C
hang
ed la
yout
from
five
scre
ens t
o se
ven
scre
ens i
n or
der t
o m
ake
butto
ns e
asie
r to
togg
le w
ithou
t a st
ylus
. •
Upd
ate
of se
ctio
n 19
.4.1
Con
ditio
ns fo
r Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n to
refle
ct u
pdat
es to
land
co
ver/u
se c
odes
in C
hapt
er 6
.
19.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• C
ondu
ct a
t the
mac
ro p
lot a
nd c
onse
rvat
ion
man
agem
ent u
nit l
evel
(CM
U)
• B
oth
past
and
pre
sent
dis
turb
ance
s will
be
eval
uate
d fo
r the
0.4
0 ac
re (1
50-fo
ot d
iam
eter
ci
rcul
ar) s
ampl
e ar
ea a
nd th
e (C
MU
).
• Th
irty-
five
indi
cato
rs o
f dis
turb
ance
will
be
asse
ssed
for e
ach
sam
ple
site.
19.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
19.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
dis
turb
ance
indi
cato
r dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
D
istu
rban
ce In
dica
tors
| 19
-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
or 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
or 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
dis
turb
ance
indi
cato
r dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or
200
0 G
rass
land
not
def
ined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b (L
CU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge o
r 220
0 Sc
rub
Shru
b no
t def
ined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he B
LM ra
nge
sam
ple
dist
urba
nce
indi
cato
r dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r BLM
- def
ined
Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
of g
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
200
1 G
rass
land
de
fined
as r
ange
) or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LCU
= 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ra
nge)
.
19.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
No
spec
ific
mat
eria
ls o
r too
ls a
re n
eede
d to
com
plet
e th
is in
form
atio
n.
19.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
19.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s D
istu
rban
ce in
dica
tors
. Dis
plac
emen
t or d
isloc
atio
n of
the
natu
ral s
tate
of a
sam
ple
site
re
sulti
ng fr
om h
uman
indu
ced,
nat
ural
eve
nts,
or o
ther
occ
urre
nces
. Thi
rty-fi
ve v
isua
lly
obse
rvab
le fe
atur
es a
re ra
ted
for t
he d
egre
e of
dis
turb
ance
evi
dent
with
in th
e 0.
40-a
cre
(150
- foo
t di
amet
er c
ircul
ar) s
ampl
e ar
ea a
nd th
e ex
pand
ed c
onse
rvat
ion
man
agem
ent u
nit p
lot.
Con
serv
atio
n M
anag
emen
t Uni
t (C
MU
). Fo
r pur
pose
s of t
his p
roto
col,
the
CM
U sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
equ
ival
ent t
o th
e fie
ld (f
ence
d or
del
inea
ted
by o
ther
mea
ns) w
here
the
NR
I poi
nt
resi
des.
If no
fiel
d bo
unda
ry e
xist
s, us
e a
dist
ance
of 1
,000
ft a
s a b
ound
ary.
Do
not c
ross
pub
lic
road
s, ra
ilroa
ds, o
r obv
ious
ow
ners
hip
boun
darie
s with
in th
e 1,
000
ft di
stan
ce.
For p
urpo
ses o
f thi
s pro
toco
l pre
sent
is d
efin
ed a
s occ
urrin
g w
ithin
the
last
yea
r, pa
st a
s ove
r one
ye
ar.
19.5
.2 P
roce
dure
Fo
r eac
h di
stur
banc
e in
dica
tor:
• D
eter
min
e if
Past
evi
denc
e of
dis
turb
ance
exi
sts (
over
1 y
ear a
go)
• D
eter
min
e if
Pres
ent e
vide
nce
of d
istu
rban
ce e
xist
s (w
ithin
a y
ear’
s tim
e)
1.
Exam
ine
the
entir
e m
acro
plo
t are
a an
d de
term
ine
if an
y of
the
35 c
ause
s of d
istu
rban
ce a
re
evid
ent.
Iden
tify
dist
urba
nces
that
are
eas
ily a
nd re
adily
obs
erve
d fo
r the
sam
ple
area
for e
ach
of th
e fo
llow
ing
cate
gorie
s:
• C
ultiv
atio
n (p
low
ing,
dis
king
, cul
tivat
or, c
hise
l plo
w e
tc.)
• M
owin
g (c
lippi
ng)
• H
ay re
mov
al
• H
eavy
mac
hine
ry (s
oil d
istu
rban
ce fr
om)
• Se
edbe
d pr
epar
atio
n (ti
llage
impl
emen
ts, d
rill)
• Li
vest
ock
tank
s, sp
ring
deve
lopm
ent
• Li
vest
ock
heav
y us
e ar
ea
• Li
vest
ock
graz
ing
D
istu
rban
ce In
dica
tors
| 19
-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• In
sect
s •
Rod
ents
• N
on-ro
dent
ani
mal
s •
Wild
life
graz
ing
impa
cts
• M
inin
g/En
ergy
/equ
ip. a
nd o
pera
tions
•
Rec
reat
ion
(trai
ls, f
oot t
raff
ic)
• R
ecre
atio
n (v
ehic
les,
bike
s)
• Li
vest
ock
wal
kway
, tra
iling
•
Roa
ds/L
anes
(dirt
) •
Roa
ds/la
nes (
grav
el)
• R
oads
/lane
s (pa
ved)
•
Dra
inag
e or
fiel
d di
tch
• U
nder
grou
nd U
tiliti
es
• O
verh
ead
trans
mis
sion
•
Con
stru
ctio
n ac
tiviti
es (f
ence
, pip
elin
e, te
rrac
es e
tc.)
• W
ater
, flo
odin
g/po
ndin
g •
Soil
Dep
ositi
on- w
ater
•
Soil
Dep
ositi
on- w
ind
• W
ater
ero
sion
•
Win
d er
osio
n •
Tran
spor
ted
fill m
ater
ial
• W
ildfir
e •
Pres
crib
ed F
ire
• Fi
re F
ight
ing
(mac
hine
ry, c
lear
ing)
•
Bru
sh c
ontro
l (ch
emic
al)
• B
rush
con
trol (
mec
hani
cal)
• B
rush
mgt
. bio
logi
cal t
reat
men
t
2.
Ente
r Dis
turb
ance
info
rmat
ion
in th
e da
ta c
olle
ctio
n w
orks
heet
for t
he m
acro
plo
t col
umn.
• In
dica
te th
e ab
senc
e (N
) or p
rese
nce
(Y) o
f Pas
t dis
turb
ance
for t
he 3
5 ca
tego
ries o
n D
ist
1 an
d 2
scre
ens.
3.
Rep
eat t
he d
istu
rban
ce a
sses
smen
t for
the
CM
U e
xpan
ded
area
.
19.6
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls N
/A
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y)
20.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to R
ange
land
Hea
lth:
• R
ills
• W
ater
flow
pat
tern
s •
Pede
stal
s and
/or T
erra
cette
s •
Bar
e G
roun
d •
Gul
lies
• W
ind-
Scou
red
Are
as
• Li
tter M
ovem
ent
• So
il Su
rfac
e Re
sist
ance
to E
rosi
on
• So
il Su
rfac
e Lo
ss o
r Deg
rada
tion
• In
filtra
tion
and
Run
off
• C
ompa
ctio
n La
yer
• Fu
nctio
nal/S
truct
ural
Gro
ups
• Pl
ant M
orta
lity/
Dec
aden
ce
• Li
tter A
mou
nt
• A
nnua
l Pro
duct
ion
• In
vasi
ve P
lant
s •
Rep
rodu
ctiv
e C
apab
ility
of P
eren
nial
Pla
nts
Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
CA
SI d
ata
entry
scre
ens:
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Des
crib
ing
Indi
cato
rs o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(DIR
H) C
ASI
dat
a en
try sc
reen
s:
20.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
20.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
20.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
e ra
ngel
and
heal
th p
roto
col i
s a q
ualit
ativ
e as
sess
men
t tha
t pro
vide
s an
early
war
ning
of
reso
urce
pro
blem
s at t
he e
colo
gica
l site
leve
l rel
ated
to:
o
soil/
site
stab
ility
o
hy
drol
ogic
func
tion
o
inte
grity
of t
he b
iotic
com
mun
ity
• W
hen
mor
e th
an o
ne e
colo
gica
l site
is d
eter
min
ed to
be
part
of th
e 15
0 fo
ot c
ircul
ar p
lot,
use
the
ecol
ogic
al si
te a
t the
poi
nt fo
r all
asse
ssm
ent c
ompa
rison
s. •
This
pro
toco
l is n
ot a
ppro
pria
te o
r ava
ilabl
e fo
r any
poi
nts c
lass
ified
as p
astu
rela
nd.
Past
ure
cond
ition
scor
e (C
hapt
er 2
0) is
use
d to
eva
luat
e pa
stur
elan
d.
20.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
20.4
.1 C
ondi
tion
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
rang
elan
d he
alth
dat
a ar
e do
cum
ente
d fo
r non
-Fed
eral
po
ints
with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed
as ra
nge)
or s
crub
shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
(LC
U =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as r
ange
). •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re sa
mpl
e, ra
ngel
and
heal
th d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, ra
ngel
and
heal
th d
ata
are
docu
men
ted
for B
LM-m
anag
ed
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
001
Gra
ssla
nd
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
defin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU =
220
1 Sc
rub
Shru
b de
fined
as
rang
e).
20.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
mat
eria
ls m
ay
be u
sefu
l in
colle
ctin
g da
ta fo
r thi
s cha
pter
:
• Te
chni
cal R
efer
ence
173
4-6
2005
, Int
erpr
etin
g In
dica
tors
of R
ange
land
Hea
lth, V
ersi
on
4, h
ttps:
//ww
w.n
rcs.u
sda.
gov/
Inte
rnet
/FSE
_DO
CU
MEN
TS/s
telp
rdb1
0439
44.p
df
20.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ures
for
Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
and
Des
crib
ing
Indi
cato
rs o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(DIR
H)
20.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s R
ange
land
hea
lth. T
he d
egre
e to
whi
ch th
e in
tegr
ity o
f the
soil,
veg
etat
ion,
wat
er, a
nd a
ir, a
s w
ell a
s the
eco
logi
cal p
roce
sses
of t
he ra
ngel
and
ecos
yste
m, a
re b
alan
ced
and
susta
ined
. Int
egrit
y is
def
ined
as m
aint
enan
ce o
f the
stru
ctur
e an
d fu
nctio
n at
tribu
tes c
hara
cter
istic
of a
loca
le,
incl
udin
g no
rmal
var
iabi
lity.
[SR
M]
Indi
cato
r. C
ompo
nent
s of a
syst
em w
hose
cha
ract
eris
tics (
e.g.
, pre
senc
e or
abs
ence
, qua
ntity
, di
strib
utio
n) a
re u
sed
as a
n in
dex
of a
n at
tribu
te (e
.g.,
rang
elan
d he
alth
) tha
t are
too
diff
icul
t,
inco
nven
ient
or e
xpen
sive
to m
easu
re. [
TR 1
734-
6 20
05]
Eco
logi
cal s
ite d
escr
iptio
n (E
SD).
A d
escr
iptio
n of
the
soils
, use
s, an
d po
tent
ial o
f a k
ind
of
land
with
spec
ific
phys
ical
cha
ract
eris
tics t
o pr
oduc
e di
stin
ctiv
e ki
nds a
nd a
mou
nts o
f veg
etat
ion.
[T
R 1
734-
6 20
05]
Att
ribu
tes o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(eco
logi
cal p
roce
sses
).
• So
il/si
te st
abili
ty. T
he c
apac
ity o
f a si
te to
lim
it re
dist
ribut
ion
and
loss
of s
oil r
esou
rces
(in
clud
ing
nutri
ents
and
org
anic
mat
ter)
by
win
d an
d w
ater
. [TR
173
4-6
2005
] •
Inte
grity
of t
he B
iotic
Com
mun
ity. C
apac
ity o
f a si
te to
supp
ort c
hara
cter
istic
fu
nctio
nal a
nd st
ruct
ural
com
mun
ities
in th
e co
ntex
t of n
orm
al v
aria
bilit
y, to
resi
st lo
ss o
f th
is fu
nctio
n an
d st
ruct
ure
due
to a
dis
turb
ance
, and
to re
cove
r fol
low
ing
such
di
stur
banc
e. [T
R 1
734-
6 20
05]
• H
ydro
logi
c fu
nctio
n. T
he c
apac
ity o
f the
site
to c
aptu
re, s
tore
, and
safe
ly re
leas
e w
ater
fr
om ra
infa
ll, ru
n-on
, and
snow
mel
t, to
resi
st a
redu
ctio
n in
this
cap
acity
, and
to re
cove
r th
is c
apac
ity fo
llow
ing
degr
adat
ion.
[TR
173
4-6
2005
]
20.5
.2 P
roce
dure
U
se th
e in
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed in
Tab
le 2
0-1
to d
eter
min
e w
hich
“So
il Su
rvey
/ESD
Sta
tus C
lass
” (“
stat
us c
lass
”) b
est d
escr
ibes
the
plot
. The
tabl
e us
es a
com
bina
tion
of so
il su
rvey
and
ESD
av
aila
bilit
y an
d de
tail
to a
id in
the
dete
rmin
atio
n of
the
stat
us c
lass
.
• Fo
r plo
ts th
at a
re in
stat
us c
lass
1 o
r 2, u
se th
e R
ange
land
Hea
lth p
roce
dure
(sec
tion
20.5
.2.1
).
• Fo
r plo
ts th
at a
re in
stat
us c
lass
3, f
ollo
w in
stru
ctio
ns to
com
plet
e th
e D
IRH
pro
cedu
re
(sec
tion
20.5
.2.2
).
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
20.5
.2.1
Pro
cedu
re fo
r Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
1.
Iden
tify
the
degr
ee o
f dep
artu
re fr
om e
colo
gica
l site
des
crip
tion
for e
ach
of th
e 17
rang
elan
d he
alth
indi
cato
rs.
• Ec
olog
ical
pro
cess
es (w
ater
cyc
le, e
nerg
y flo
w, a
nd n
utrie
nt c
ycle
) fun
ctio
ning
with
in a
no
rmal
rang
e of
var
iatio
n w
ill su
ppor
t spe
cific
pla
nt a
nd a
nim
al c
omm
uniti
es. B
iolo
gica
l an
d ph
ysic
al a
ttrib
utes
are
ofte
n us
ed a
s ind
icat
ors o
f the
func
tiona
l sta
tus o
f eco
logi
cal
proc
esse
s and
site
inte
grity
. •
The
area
of c
onsi
dera
tion
for d
eter
min
ing
the
rang
elan
d he
alth
indi
cato
rs is
the
150-
foot
di
amet
er sa
mpl
e ar
ea a
roun
d th
e PS
U p
oint
. •
Sele
ct th
e de
gree
of d
epar
ture
from
the
ESD
for e
ach
indi
cato
r. Th
e fiv
e de
gree
s of
depa
rture
are
: o
Ex
trem
e to
tota
l o
M
oder
ate
to e
xtre
me
o
Mod
erat
e o
Sl
ight
to m
oder
ate
o
Non
e to
slig
ht
• U
se th
e R
ange
land
Hea
lth In
dica
tor E
valu
atio
n M
atrix
(Tab
le 2
) to
dete
rmin
e th
e de
gree
of
dep
artu
re fr
om th
e ES
D fo
r eac
h of
the
17 in
dica
tors
. •
Use
the
Ecol
ogic
al R
efer
ence
Wor
kshe
et a
nd th
e ex
ampl
e to
des
crib
e th
e po
tent
ial f
or th
e si
te.
• U
se th
e Ev
alua
tion
Shee
t Exa
mpl
e an
d Ev
alua
tion
Shee
t to
assi
gn a
nd d
ocum
ent
indi
cato
r rat
ings
.
2.
Ente
r ran
gela
nd h
ealth
info
rmat
ion
for e
ach
indi
cato
r in
the
CA
SI.
• R
ange
land
hea
lth in
dica
tors
are
list
ed o
n tw
o C
ASI
scre
ens:
Set
I, w
ith 1
0 in
dica
tors
and
Se
t II w
ith th
e re
mai
ning
7 in
dica
tors
. •
Whe
n al
l 17
rang
elan
d he
alth
indi
cato
rs h
ave
been
com
plet
ed, t
he C
ASI
will
tally
the
data
in a
nd p
rodu
ce In
dica
tor S
umm
ary
for e
ach
of th
e th
ree
ecol
ogic
al p
roce
sses
.
3.
For e
ach
attri
bute
, det
erm
ine
the
depa
rture
from
refe
renc
e co
nditi
ons b
ased
on
“pre
pond
eran
ce o
f evi
denc
e” a
s out
lined
in T
echn
ical
Ref
eren
ce 1
734-
6 20
05, I
nter
pret
ing
Indi
cato
rs o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
, Ver
sion
4,
http
s://w
ww
.nrc
s.usd
a.go
v/In
tern
et/F
SE_D
OC
UM
ENTS
/ste
lprd
b104
3944
4.
Ente
r ran
gela
nd h
ealth
info
rmat
ion
for e
ach
attri
bute
in th
e C
ASI
.
20.5
.2.2
Pro
cedu
re fo
r Des
crib
ing
Indi
cato
rs o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(DIR
H)
1.
The
DIR
H m
atrix
is fo
und
in T
able
3, a
nd is
to b
e us
ed o
n al
l NR
I plo
ts th
at fa
ll in
to S
tatu
s C
lass
3 (r
efer
to T
able
1).
Sele
ct th
e Cl
ass w
hich
bes
t-fits
the
curr
ent c
ondi
tions
in th
e N
RI
eval
uatio
n ar
ea.
• W
here
ther
e ar
e m
ultip
le c
rite
ria,
cho
ose
the
clas
s with
the
best
mat
ch. A
s a la
st re
sort,
se
lect
the
‘med
ian’
cla
ss fo
r all
of th
e cr
iteria
. For
exa
mpl
e, #
2-W
ater
Flo
w P
atte
rns,
incl
udes
thre
e cr
iteria
: len
gth,
den
sity
, and
inte
nsity
of w
ater
flow
pat
tern
s. A
site
with
lo
ng, c
omm
on, o
ccas
iona
lly c
onne
cted
wat
er fl
ow p
atte
rns w
ould
fall
into
Cla
ss 3
. •
Take
pho
tos o
f ind
icat
ors w
here
they
may
hel
p a
futu
re e
valu
ator
mak
e an
eva
luat
ion
base
d on
a fu
ture
refe
renc
e sh
eet a
nd th
e in
form
atio
n in
Tab
le 2
.
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
2.
In th
e C
ASI
, on
the
“Eco
Site
/FSG
” sc
reen
, sel
ect X
E (n
o ES
D a
vaila
ble)
in th
e “S
tate
” dr
op-
dow
n bo
x.
3.
The
DIR
H fo
rm w
ill a
ppea
r whe
n th
e ‘R
ange
land
Hea
lth’ s
cree
n is
sele
cted
.
4.
Com
plet
e th
e D
IRH
form
bas
ed o
n Ta
ble
3 in
Sec
tion
C o
f the
se in
stru
ctio
ns.
• Fo
r eac
h in
dica
tor t
hat i
s not
gra
yed-
out,
chec
k th
e de
scrip
tion
that
bes
t fits
the
cond
ition
s on
the
site
. •
Indi
cato
rs th
at a
re g
raye
d-ou
t will
be
gene
rate
d la
ter f
rom
the
Line
-Poi
nt In
terc
ept (
LPI)
data
, exc
ept f
or a
nnua
l pro
duct
ion,
whi
ch m
ust b
e en
tere
d in
the
note
s for
plo
ts o
n B
LM-
man
aged
land
s.
5.
Ente
r per
tinen
t, de
scrip
tive
note
s in
the
CA
SI fo
r the
follo
win
g :
• To
tal p
rodu
ctio
n. R
ecor
d th
is a
s an
“Eco
logi
cal”
not
e fr
om th
e To
ols m
enu
on th
e C
ASI
. •
Oth
er in
form
atio
n (o
ptio
nal).
Rec
ord
as a
n “E
colo
gica
l” n
ote
from
the
Tool
s men
u on
the
CA
SI.
6.
Take
supp
lem
enta
ry p
hoto
s to
illus
trate
key
indi
cato
rs in
the
DIR
H m
atrix
. Des
crib
e th
e D
IRH
indi
cato
r in
the
note
s sec
tion
of th
e N
RI G
razi
ng L
and
Imag
es a
pplic
atio
n (h
ttps:
//ww
w.n
risur
vey.
org/
graz
ingl
andI
mag
es).
20.6
Sup
port
ing
Mat
eria
ls Te
chni
cal R
efer
ence
173
4-6
2005
, Int
erpr
etin
g In
dica
tors
of R
ange
land
Hea
lth, V
ersi
on 4
, ht
tps:
//ww
w.n
rcs.u
sda.
gov/
Inte
rnet
/FSE
_DO
CU
MEN
TS/s
telp
rdb1
0439
44.p
df).
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
0-1.
Det
erm
inat
ion
of S
oil S
urve
y/ES
D S
tatu
s Cla
ss.
1 If a
soil
surv
ey e
xist
s, it
shou
ld a
t lea
st h
ave
rang
e si
tes i
dent
ified
. 2 D
evel
op a
refe
renc
e sh
eet i
f one
doe
s not
exi
st.
3 No
ESD
with
in th
e M
LRA
has
bee
n co
mpl
eted
, and
the
ESD
for t
he N
RI p
oint
doe
s not
exi
st.
Soil
Surv
ey /
ESD
Sta
tus
Cla
ss
Soil
surv
ey st
atus
E
SD st
atus
ID
Soi
l Map
Uni
t C
ompo
nent
? ID
Eco
logi
cal S
ite?
Com
plet
e II
RH
? (v
ersi
on 4
or
late
r)2
Com
plet
e al
l ot
her
met
hods
?
1 So
il su
rvey
exi
sts
ESD
exi
sts1
Yes
Y
es
Yes
Y
es
2
No
soil
surv
ey, b
ut
soils
com
para
ble
to
soil
desc
ribed
in
anot
her s
oil s
urve
y w
ithin
the
MLR
A.
Ecol
ogic
al si
tes
desc
ribed
for
MLR
A, i
nclu
ding
pr
ecip
zon
e fo
r NR
I po
int.
Yes
Y
es
Yes
Y
es
3 N
o re
leva
nt so
il in
fo
Ecol
ogic
al si
tes n
ot
desc
ribed
for
MLR
A3
No.
Fol
low
DIR
H
inst
ruct
ions
. N
o N
o. F
ollo
w D
IRH
in
stru
ctio
ns.
Yes
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
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onl
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razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
0-2.
Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
Indi
cato
r Eva
luat
ion
Mat
rix e
xpre
ssin
g de
gree
of d
epar
ture
from
Eco
logi
cal S
ite D
escr
iptio
n.
RH
Indi
cato
r D
egre
e of
Dep
artu
re
Ext
rem
e to
Tot
al
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
to E
xtre
me
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
Sl
ight
to M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
N
one
to S
light
1.
Rill
s R
ill fo
rmat
ion
is se
vere
an
d w
ell d
efin
ed
thro
ugho
ut m
ost o
f the
ar
ea.
Rill
form
atio
n is
m
oder
atel
y ac
tive
and
wel
l def
ined
th
roug
hout
mos
t of t
he
area
.
Act
ive
rill f
orm
atio
n is
sl
ight
at i
nfre
quen
t in
terv
als,
mos
tly in
ex
pose
d ar
eas.
No
rece
nt fo
rmat
ion
of
rills
; old
rills
hav
e bl
unte
d or
mut
ed
feat
ures
.
Cur
rent
or p
ast
form
atio
n or
rills
as
expe
cted
for t
he si
te.
2. W
ater
flow
pat
tern
s Ex
tens
ive
and
num
erou
s; u
nsta
ble
with
act
ive
eros
ion;
us
ually
con
nect
ed.
Mor
e nu
mer
ous t
han
expe
cted
; dep
ositi
on
and
cut a
reas
com
mon
; oc
-cas
iona
lly
conn
ecte
d.
Nea
rly m
atch
es w
hat i
s ex
pect
ed fo
r the
site
; er
osio
n is
min
or w
ith
som
e in
stab
ility
and
de
posi
tion.
Mat
ches
wha
t is
expe
cted
for t
he si
te;
som
e ev
iden
ce o
f m
inor
ero
sion
. Flo
w
patte
rns a
re st
able
and
sh
ort.
Mat
ches
wha
t is
expe
cted
for t
he si
te;
min
imal
evi
denc
e of
pa
st o
r cur
rent
soil
depo
sitio
n or
ero
sion
.
3. P
edes
tals
and
/or
terr
acet
tes
Abu
ndan
t act
ive
pede
stal
ling
and
num
erou
s ter
race
ttes.
Man
y ro
cks a
nd p
lant
s ar
e pe
dest
alle
d;
expo
sed
plan
t roo
ts a
re
com
mon
.
Mod
erat
e ac
tive
pede
stal
ling;
terr
a-ce
ttes c
omm
on. S
ome
rock
s and
pla
nts a
re
pede
stal
led
with
oc
casi
onal
exp
osed
ro
ots.
Slig
ht a
ctiv
e pe
dest
allin
g; m
ost
pede
stal
s are
in fl
ow
path
s and
inte
rspa
ces
and/
or o
n ex
pose
d sl
opes
. Occ
asio
nal
terr
acet
tes p
rese
nt.
Act
ive
pede
stal
ling
or
terr
acet
te fo
rmat
ion
is
rare
; som
e ev
iden
ce o
f pa
st p
edes
tal
form
atio
n, e
spec
ially
in
wat
er-fl
ow p
atte
rns
and/
or o
n ex
pose
d sl
opes
.
Cur
rent
or p
ast
evid
ence
of
pede
stal
led
plan
ts o
r ro
cks a
s exp
ecte
d fo
r th
e si
te. T
erra
cette
s ab
sent
or u
ncom
mon
.
4. B
are
Gro
und
M
uch
high
er th
an
expe
cted
for t
he si
te.
Bar
e ar
eas a
re la
rge
and
gene
rally
co
nnec
ted.
Mod
erat
ely
to m
uch
high
er th
an e
xpec
ted
for t
he si
te. B
are
area
s ar
e la
rge
and
occa
sion
ally
co
nnec
ted.
Mod
erat
ely
high
er th
an
expe
cted
for t
he si
te.
Bar
e ar
eas a
re o
f m
oder
ate
size
and
sp
orad
ical
ly c
onne
cted
.
Slig
htly
to m
oder
atel
y hi
gher
than
exp
ecte
d fo
r the
site
. Bar
e ar
eas
are
smal
l and
rare
ly
conn
ecte
d.
Am
ount
and
size
of
bare
are
as n
early
to
tally
mat
ch th
at
expe
cted
for t
he si
te.
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ange
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ange
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G
razi
ng L
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On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
RH
Indi
cato
r D
egre
e of
Dep
artu
re
Ext
rem
e to
Tot
al
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
to E
xtre
me
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
Sl
ight
to M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
N
one
to S
light
5.
Gul
lies
Com
mon
with
in
dica
tions
of a
ctiv
e er
osio
n an
d do
wn-
cutti
ng; v
eget
atio
n is
in
freq
uent
on
slop
es
and/
or b
ed. N
ickp
oint
s an
d he
adcu
ts a
re
num
erou
s and
act
ive.
Mod
erat
e to
com
mon
w
ith in
dica
tions
of
activ
e er
osio
n;
vege
tatio
n is
in
term
itten
t on
slop
es
and/
or b
ed. H
eadc
uts
are
activ
e; d
own-
cutti
ng is
not
app
aren
t. M
oder
ate
in n
umbe
r w
ith in
dica
tions
of
activ
e er
osio
n;
vege
tatio
n is
in
term
itten
t on
slop
es
and/
or b
ed. O
ccas
iona
l he
adcu
ts m
ay b
e pr
esen
t.
Unc
omm
on w
ith
vege
tatio
n st
abili
zing
th
e be
d an
d sl
opes
; no
sign
s of a
ctiv
e he
adcu
ts, n
ickp
oint
s, or
bed
ero
sion
.
Dra
inag
es a
re
repr
esen
ted
as n
atur
al
stab
le c
hann
els;
no
sign
s of e
rosi
on w
ith
vege
tatio
n co
mm
on.
6. W
ind-
scou
red
blow
outs
, and
/or
depo
sitio
n ar
eas
Exte
nsiv
e.
Com
mon
. O
ccas
iona
lly p
rese
nt.
Infr
eque
nt a
nd fe
w.
Mat
ches
wha
t is
expe
cted
for t
he si
te.
7. L
itter
mov
emen
t (w
ind
or w
ater
) Ex
trem
e; c
once
ntra
ted
arou
nd o
bstru
ctio
ns.
Mos
t siz
e cl
asse
s of
litte
r hav
e be
en
disp
lace
d.
Mod
erat
e to
ext
rem
e;
loos
ely
conc
entra
ted
near
obs
truct
ions
.
Mod
erat
e to
smal
l siz
e cl
asse
s of l
itter
hav
e be
en d
ispl
aced
. M
oder
ate
mov
emen
t of
smal
ler s
ize
clas
ses i
n sc
atte
red
conc
entra
tions
ar
ound
obs
truct
ions
and
in
dep
ress
ions
.
Slig
htly
to m
oder
atel
y m
ore
than
exp
ecte
d fo
r th
e si
te w
ith o
nly
smal
l si
ze c
lass
es o
f litt
er
bein
g di
spla
ced.
Mat
ches
that
exp
ecte
d fo
r the
site
with
a
fairl
y un
iform
di
strib
utio
n of
litte
r.
8. S
oil s
urfa
ce
Res
ista
nce
to E
rosi
on
Extre
mel
y re
duce
d th
roug
hout
the
site
. B
iolo
gica
l sta
biliz
atio
n ag
ents
incl
udin
g or
gani
c m
atte
r and
bi
olog
ical
cru
sts
virtu
ally
abs
ent.
Sign
ifica
ntly
redu
ced
in m
ost p
lant
can
opy
inte
rspa
ces a
nd
mod
erat
ely
redu
ced
bene
ath
plan
t can
opie
s. St
abili
zing
age
nts
pres
ent o
nly
in is
olat
ed
patc
hes.
Sign
ifica
ntly
redu
ced
in
at le
ast h
alf o
f the
pla
nt
cano
py in
ters
pace
s, or
m
oder
atel
y re
duce
d th
roug
hout
the
site
.
Som
e re
duct
ion
in so
il su
rfac
e st
abili
ty in
pl
ant i
nter
spac
es o
r sl
ight
redu
ctio
n th
roug
hout
the
site
. St
abili
zing
age
nts
redu
ced
belo
w
expe
cted
.
Mat
ches
that
exp
ecte
d fo
r the
site
. Sur
face
so
il is
stab
ilize
d by
or
gani
c m
atte
r de
com
posi
tion
prod
ucts
and
/or a
bi
olog
ical
cru
st.
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ange
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ange
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ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
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On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
RH
Indi
cato
r D
egre
e of
Dep
artu
re
Ext
rem
e to
Tot
al
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
to E
xtre
me
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
Sl
ight
to M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
N
one
to S
light
9.
Soi
l sur
face
loss
or
degr
adat
ion
So
il su
rfac
e ho
rizon
ab
sent
. Soi
l stru
ctur
e ne
ar su
rfac
e is
sim
ilar
to o
r mor
e de
grad
ed
than
that
in su
bsur
face
ho
rizon
s. N
o di
stin
guis
habl
e di
ffer
ence
in
subs
urfa
ce o
rgan
ic
mat
ter c
onte
nt.
Soil
loss
or
degr
adat
ion
seve
re
thro
ugho
ut si
te.
Min
imal
diff
eren
ces i
n so
il or
gani
c m
atte
r co
nten
t and
stru
ctur
e of
surf
ace
and
subs
urfa
ce la
yers
.
Mod
erat
e so
il lo
ss o
r de
grad
atio
n in
pla
nt
inte
rspa
ces w
ith so
me
degr
adat
ion
bene
ath
plan
t can
opie
s. So
il st
ruct
ure
is d
egra
ded
and
soil
orga
nic
mat
ter
cont
ent i
s sig
nific
antly
re
duce
d.
Som
e so
il lo
ss h
as
occu
rred
and
/or s
oil
stru
ctur
e sh
ows s
igns
of
deg
rada
tion,
es
peci
ally
in p
lant
in
ters
pace
s.
Soil
surf
ace
horiz
on
inta
ct. S
oil s
truct
ure
and
orga
nic
mat
ter
cont
ent m
atch
that
ex
pect
ed fo
r the
site
.
10. P
lant
com
mun
ity
com
posi
tion
and
dist
ribut
ion
rela
tive
to
infil
tratio
n an
d ru
noff
Infil
tratio
n is
seve
rely
de
crea
sed
due
to
adve
rse
chan
ges i
n pl
ant c
omm
unity
co
mpo
sitio
n an
d/or
di
strib
utio
n. A
dver
se
plan
t cov
er c
hang
es
have
occ
urre
d.
Infil
tratio
n is
gre
atly
de
crea
sed
due
to
adve
rse
chan
ges i
n pl
ant c
omm
unity
co
mpo
sitio
n an
d/or
di
strib
utio
n.
Det
rimen
tal p
lant
co
ver c
hang
es h
ave
occu
rred
.
Infil
tratio
n is
m
oder
atel
y re
duce
d du
e to
adv
erse
cha
nges
in
plan
t com
mun
ity
com
posi
tion
and/
or
dist
ribut
ion.
Pla
nt c
over
ch
ange
s neg
ativ
ely
affe
ct in
filtra
tion.
Infil
tratio
n is
slig
htly
to
mod
erat
ely
affe
cted
by
min
or c
hang
es in
pl
ant c
omm
unity
co
mpo
sitio
n an
d/or
di
strib
utio
n. P
lant
co
ver c
hang
es h
ave
only
a m
inor
eff
ect o
n in
filtra
tion.
Infil
tratio
n an
d ru
n-of
f are
equ
al to
that
ex
pect
ed fo
r the
site
. Pl
ant c
over
(d
istri
butio
n an
d am
ount
) ade
quat
e fo
r si
te p
rote
ctio
n.
11. C
ompa
ctio
n la
yer
(bel
ow so
il su
rfac
e)
Exte
nsiv
e; se
vere
ly
rest
ricts
wat
er
mov
emen
t and
root
pe
netra
tion.
Wid
espr
ead;
gre
atly
re
stric
ts w
ater
m
ovem
ent a
nd ro
ot
pene
tratio
n.
Mod
erat
ely
wid
e-sp
read
; mod
erat
ely
rest
ricts
wat
er
mov
emen
t and
root
pe
netra
tion.
Rar
ely
pres
ent o
r is
thin
and
wea
kly
rest
rictiv
e to
wat
er
mov
emen
t and
root
pe
netra
tion.
Non
e to
min
imal
; not
re
stric
tive
to w
ater
m
ovem
ent a
nd ro
ot
pene
tratio
n.
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ange
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ange
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ary
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G
razi
ng L
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On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
RH
Indi
cato
r D
egre
e of
Dep
artu
re
Ext
rem
e to
Tot
al
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
to E
xtre
me
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
Sl
ight
to M
oder
ate
Deg
ree
of D
epar
ture
N
one
to S
light
12
. Fu
nctio
nal/s
truct
ural
gr
oups
(F/S
gro
ups)
Num
ber o
f F/S
gro
ups
grea
tly re
duce
d; a
nd/o
r re
lativ
e do
min
ance
of
F/S
grou
ps h
as b
een
dram
atic
ally
alte
red;
an
d/or
num
ber o
f sp
ecie
s with
in F
/S
grou
ps d
ram
atic
ally
re
duce
d.
Num
ber o
f F/S
gro
ups
redu
ced;
and
/or o
ne
dom
inan
t gro
up a
nd/o
r on
e or
mor
e su
b-do
min
ant g
roup
s re
plac
ed b
y F/
S gr
oups
no
t exp
ecte
d fo
r the
si
te; a
nd/o
r num
ber o
f sp
ecie
s with
in F
/S
grou
ps si
gnifi
cant
ly
redu
ced.
Num
ber o
f F/S
gro
ups
mod
erat
ely
redu
ced;
an
d/or
one
or m
ore
sub-
dom
inan
t F/S
gro
ups
repl
aced
by
F/S
grou
ps
not e
xpec
ted
for t
he
site
; and
/or n
umbe
r of
spec
ies w
ithin
F/S
gr
oups
mod
erat
ely
redu
ced.
Num
ber o
f F/S
gro
ups
slig
htly
redu
ced;
an
d/or
rela
tive
dom
inan
ce o
f F/S
gr
oups
has
bee
n m
odifi
ed fr
om th
at
expe
cted
for t
he si
te;
and/
or n
umbe
r of
spec
ies w
ithin
F/S
gr
oups
slig
htly
re
duce
d.
F/S
grou
ps a
nd
num
ber o
f spe
cies
in
each
gro
up c
lose
ly
mat
ch th
at e
xpec
ted
for t
he si
te.
13. P
lant
m
orta
lity/
deca
denc
e
Dea
d an
d/or
dec
aden
t pl
ants
are
com
mon
. D
ead
and/
or d
ecad
ent
plan
ts a
re so
mew
hat
com
mon
.
Som
e de
ad a
nd/o
r de
cade
nt p
lant
s are
pr
esen
t.
Slig
ht p
lant
mor
talit
y an
d/or
dec
aden
ce.
Plan
t mor
talit
y an
d de
cade
nce
mat
ches
th
at e
xpec
ted
for t
he
site
. 14
. Litt
er a
mou
nt
Larg
ely
abse
nt o
r do
min
ant r
elat
ive
to
site
pot
entia
l and
w
eath
er.
Gre
atly
redu
ced
or
incr
ease
d re
lativ
e to
si
te p
oten
tial a
nd
wea
ther
.
Mod
erat
ely
mor
e or
less
re
lativ
e to
site
pot
entia
l an
d w
eath
er.
Slig
htly
mor
e or
less
re
lativ
e to
site
pot
entia
l an
d w
eath
er.
Am
ount
is w
hat i
s ex
pect
ed fo
r the
site
po
tent
ial a
nd w
eath
er.
15. A
nnua
l pro
duct
ion
Les
s tha
n 20
% o
f po
tent
ial p
rodu
ctio
n.
20-4
0% o
f pot
entia
l pr
oduc
tion.
40
-60%
of p
oten
tial
prod
uctio
n.
60-8
0% o
f pot
entia
l pr
oduc
tion.
Ex
ceed
s 80%
of
pote
ntia
l pro
duct
ion.
16
. Inv
asiv
e pl
ants
D
omin
ate
the
site
. C
omm
on th
roug
h-ou
t th
e si
te.
Scat
tere
d th
roug
h-ou
t th
e si
te.
Pres
ent p
rimar
ily o
n di
stur
bed
site
s.
Rar
ely
pres
ent o
n th
e si
te.
17. R
epro
duct
ive
capa
bilit
y of
per
enni
al
plan
ts (n
ativ
e or
se
eded
)
Cap
abili
ty to
pro
duce
se
ed o
r veg
etat
ive
tille
rs is
seve
rely
re
duce
d re
lativ
e to
re
cent
clim
atic
co
nditi
ons.
Cap
abili
ty to
pro
duce
se
ed o
r veg
etat
ive
tille
rs is
gre
atly
re
duce
d re
lativ
e to
re
cent
clim
atic
co
nditi
ons.
Cap
abili
ty to
pro
duce
se
ed o
r veg
etat
ive
tille
rs
is so
mew
hat l
imite
d re
lativ
e to
rece
nt
clim
atic
con
ditio
ns.
Cap
abili
ty to
pro
duce
se
ed o
r veg
etat
ive
tille
rs is
onl
y sl
ight
ly
limite
d re
lativ
e to
re
cent
clim
atic
co
nditi
ons.
Cap
abili
ty to
pro
duce
se
ed o
r veg
etat
ive
tille
rs is
not
lim
ited
rela
tive
to re
cent
cl
imat
ic c
ondi
tions
.
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ange
land
Hea
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ange
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ary
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razi
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On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
0-3.
Des
crib
ing
Indi
cato
rs o
f Ran
gela
nd H
ealth
(DIR
H) M
atrix
DIR
H In
dica
tor
Cla
ss 5
C
lass
4
Cla
ss 3
C
lass
2
Cla
ss 1
1.
Rill
s. Sm
all,
inte
rmitt
ent
wat
erco
urse
s with
stee
p si
des.
Rill
s are
gen
eral
ly li
near
.
Wid
espr
ead
(>10
) A
ND
long
(>2’
). C
omm
on (>
5) A
ND
lo
ng (>
2’).
Com
mon
(>5)
OR
lo
ng (>
2’).
Ver
y fe
w (<
5) A
ND
sh
ort (
<2’)
. N
ot p
rese
nt.
2. W
ater
Flo
w P
atte
rns.
Soil
surf
ace
patte
rns c
ause
d by
runo
ff.
Indi
cate
d by
litte
r, so
il, g
rave
l re
dist
ribut
ion.
Ste
ep c
uts m
ay
occu
r on
one
side
(see
#1)
.
Ver
y lo
ng (5
0’)
num
erou
s; u
nsta
ble
with
act
ive
eros
ion;
al
mos
t alw
ays
conn
ecte
d.
Long
(20-
50’)
, ver
y co
mm
on, a
nd
usua
lly c
onne
cted
. Er
osio
n an
d de
posi
tion
area
s ver
y co
mm
on.
Mod
erat
ely
long
(5-
20’)
, com
mon
and
of
ten
conn
ecte
d.
Eros
ion
and
depo
sitio
n ar
eas
com
mon
.
Ver
y sh
ort,
(<5’
), ra
re a
nd o
ccas
iona
lly
conn
ecte
d. E
rosi
on
and
depo
sitio
n ar
eas
rare
.
Non
e.
3. P
edes
tals
and
/or
Ter
race
ttes
. Pl
ants
or r
ocks
app
ear e
leva
ted
beca
use
of so
il lo
ss a
roun
d th
em.
Doe
s not
incl
ude
depo
sitio
n of
so
il on
top
of p
lant
(che
ck le
vel o
f ro
ot-s
hoot
inte
rfac
e).
Wid
espr
ead
thro
ugho
ut a
rea.
C
omm
on e
xpos
ed
root
s.
Com
mon
, in
flow
pa
ths.
Occ
asio
nal
expo
sed
root
s.
Com
mon
, in
flow
pa
ths.
Roo
ts ra
rely
ex
pose
d.
Few
in fl
ow p
aths
an
d in
ters
pace
s onl
y.
No
expo
sed
root
s.
Non
e.
4. B
are
Gro
und.
Per
cent
soil
surf
ace
not c
over
ed b
y ve
geta
tion,
ro
ck, p
lant
litte
r, m
osse
s, lic
hens
or
dar
k al
gal c
rust
s. Pe
rcen
t will
be
gen
erat
ed fr
om L
PI. U
se
clas
ses t
o de
scrib
e co
nnec
tivity
. C
onne
ctiv
ity is
bro
ken
by p
lant
s ro
oted
on
the
site
, whe
ther
ann
ual
or p
eren
nial
.
Nea
rly a
lway
s co
nnec
ted.
G
ener
ally
con
nect
ed. O
ccas
iona
lly
conn
ecte
d.
Rar
ely
conn
ecte
d.
Not
con
nect
ed.
5. G
ullie
s. La
rge,
inte
rmitt
ent
wat
erco
urse
s with
stee
p si
des.
Stab
le g
ullie
s hav
e le
ss st
eep
side
s w
ith p
lant
s and
no
activ
e er
osio
n at
the
head
cut (
top)
or t
op o
f sid
es. A
ctiv
e he
adcu
t, w
heth
er o
r not
in
eval
uatio
n ar
ea,
unst
able
side
s.
Act
ive
head
cut,
whe
ther
or n
ot in
ev
alua
tion
area
, pa
rtial
ly st
able
side
s.
Act
ive
head
cut,
whe
ther
or n
ot in
ev
alua
tion
area
, st
able
side
s with
a
few
nic
kpoi
nts.
Inac
tive.
Sta
ble
thro
ugho
ut.
Non
e.
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ange
land
Hea
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ange
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Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
DIR
H In
dica
tor
Cla
ss 5
C
lass
4
Cla
ss 3
C
lass
2
Cla
ss 1
6. W
ind
Scou
red,
Blo
wou
t and
/or
Dep
ositi
onal
Are
as
Wid
espr
ead
thro
ugho
ut a
rea
(>50
% a
rea
affe
cted
).
Man
y (2
5-50
% o
f ar
ea a
ffec
ted)
. C
omm
on.(1
0-25
%
of a
rea
affe
cted
) .
Few
. N
one.
7. L
itter
Mov
emen
t (w
ind
or
wat
er).
Dis
tanc
e m
oved
by
diff
eren
t siz
es o
f pla
nt li
tter
(nee
dles
, lea
ves,
bark
, bra
nche
s).
Indi
cate
d by
litte
r acc
umul
atio
n in
lo
w, f
lat (
wat
er) o
r pro
tect
(win
d)
area
s.
Fine
litte
r mov
ed
very
long
dis
tanc
es
(>20
’). L
arge
litte
r m
oved
mod
erat
e di
stan
ces(
<10’
).
Fine
litte
r mov
ed
long
dis
tanc
es
(<20
’). L
arge
litte
r m
oved
shor
t di
stan
ces(
<5’)
.
Fine
litte
r mov
ed
mod
erat
e di
stan
ces
(<10
’) L
arge
litte
r m
oved
ver
y sh
ort
dist
ance
s(<2
’).
Fine
litte
r mov
ed
shor
t dis
tanc
es (<
5’).
Fine
litte
r mov
ed
very
shor
t dis
tanc
es
(<2’
).
8. S
oil S
urfa
ce R
esis
tanc
e to
E
rosi
on. (
FRO
M S
OIL
ST
AB
ILIT
Y K
IT)
9. S
oil S
urfa
ce L
oss a
nd
Deg
rada
tion.
Tak
e at
leas
t 1
phot
o of
the
top
30cm
und
er a
ty
pica
l pla
nt o
r pat
ch o
f pla
nt, a
nd
in a
n in
ters
pace
.
10. C
over
of p
lant
s tha
t hel
p in
crea
se w
ater
infil
trat
ion
and
redu
ce r
unof
f. (F
RO
M L
PI +
C
AN
OPY
GA
P).
11. C
ompa
ctio
n L
ayer
(bel
ow
soil
surf
ace)
. Den
se so
il la
yers
w
ith h
oriz
onta
l (pl
aty)
stru
ctur
e at
le
ast 2
” (c
an b
e up
to 8
-10”
) be
low
the
soil
surf
ace
whi
ch
affe
ct o
r red
uce
root
pen
etra
tion
(e.g
. gro
w h
oriz
onta
lly.)
Exte
nsiv
e; se
vere
ly
rest
ricts
wat
er
mov
emen
t and
root
pe
netra
tion.
Com
mon
. Gre
atly
re
stric
ts w
ater
m
ovem
ent a
nd ro
ot
pene
tratio
n.
Mod
erat
ely
wid
e-sp
read
, mod
erat
ely
rest
ricts
wat
er
mov
emen
t and
root
pe
netra
tion.
Rar
ely
pres
ent o
r th
in a
nd w
eakl
y re
stric
tive
to
infil
tratio
n an
d ro
ot
pene
tratio
n.
Non
e.
R
ange
land
Hea
lth (R
ange
land
onl
y) |
20-1
3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
DIR
H In
dica
tor
Cla
ss 5
C
lass
4
Cla
ss 3
C
lass
2
Cla
ss 1
12
. Pla
nt F
/S G
roup
s. (F
RO
M
LPI)
13. P
lant
Mor
talit
y D
ecad
ence
*.
Prop
ortio
n of
abo
vegr
ound
bi
omas
s tha
t is d
ead
or d
ecad
ent.
>50
25-5
0 10
-25
2-10
<2
14. L
itter
Am
ount
. Fro
m L
PI.
15
. Ann
ual P
rodu
ctio
n. R
ecor
d (IN
NO
TES)
bes
t est
imat
e of
tota
l an
nual
pro
duct
ion
(all
spec
ies
pres
ent i
n N
RI p
lot)
in #
/acr
e.
Rec
ord
as n
umbe
r fol
low
ed b
y #/
a.
16. I
nvas
ive
Plan
ts. (
FRO
M L
PI)
17. R
epro
duct
ive
capa
bilit
y of
pe
renn
ial p
lant
s. R
efle
cted
in
abili
ty o
f PER
ENN
IAL
plan
ts, b
ut
not i
nvas
ive
plan
ts, t
o pr
oduc
e se
eds o
r till
ers,
and
to re
cove
r fo
llow
ing
graz
ing,
dro
ught
or
othe
r dis
turb
ance
.
At l
east
10%
of t
he
indi
vidu
als o
f <50
%
of th
e sp
ecie
s ca
pabl
e of
re
prod
uctio
n,
incl
udin
g <5
0% o
f th
e sp
ecie
s tha
t are
do
min
ant o
r sub
-do
min
ant.
At l
east
10%
of t
he
indi
vidu
als o
f 50%
of
the
spec
ies
capa
ble
of
repr
oduc
tion,
in
clud
ing
50%
of t
he
spec
ies t
hat a
re
dom
inan
t or s
ub-
dom
inan
t.
At l
east
10%
of t
he
indi
vidu
als o
f 75%
of
the
spec
ies
capa
ble
of
repr
oduc
tion,
in
clud
ing
75%
of t
he
spec
ies t
hat a
re
dom
inan
t or s
ub-
dom
inan
t.
At l
east
10%
of t
he
indi
vidu
als o
f 90%
of
the
spec
ies
capa
ble
of
repr
oduc
tion,
in
clud
ing
90%
of t
he
spec
ies t
hat a
re
dom
inan
t or s
ub-
dom
inan
t.
Nea
rly a
ll pe
renn
ial
spec
ies c
apab
le o
f re
prod
uctio
n,
incl
udin
g al
l tha
t are
cu
rren
tly d
omin
ant
or su
b-do
min
ant.
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-1
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
21.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers d
ata
elem
ents
rela
ting
to:
• Ev
alua
ting
indi
cato
rs in
the
past
ure
cond
ition
scor
ing
met
hodo
logy
for N
RI
21.2
Wha
t’s N
ew?
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
21.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd
cove
r/use
cod
es in
Cha
pter
6.
21.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Th
e Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e Sh
eet c
onta
ins b
oth
qual
itativ
e an
d qu
antit
ativ
e va
riabl
es
that
can
be
used
with
in a
sing
le g
row
ing
seas
on o
r for
the
sam
e pa
stur
e ov
er a
num
ber o
f ye
ars.
It is
des
igne
d to
be
a “q
uick
ass
essm
ent t
ool”
. •
In th
is N
RI p
roto
col,
the
scor
e is
cal
cula
ted
base
d on
the
indi
cato
rs in
clud
ed.
• Th
is p
roto
col i
s con
duct
ed w
ithin
the
mac
ro p
lot.
• Th
is p
roto
col r
ecor
ds th
e ef
fect
s of m
anag
emen
t, cl
imat
e, d
isea
ses,
and
inse
cts o
n th
e pa
stur
e re
sour
ce -
the
soil
and
the
plan
t com
mun
ity.
• U
se th
e N
atio
nal P
astu
re C
ondi
tion
Scor
e Sh
eet (
Cos
grov
e et
al.
2001
) to
prov
ide
a co
mm
on b
ench
mar
k fo
r thi
s met
hodo
logy
. •
Do
not u
se lo
cally
ada
pted
Pas
ture
Con
ditio
n Sc
ore
Shee
t Met
hodo
logi
es. U
se th
e te
rmin
olog
y an
d sc
ore
desc
riptio
ns in
(Cos
grov
e et
al.
2001
). •
If av
aila
ble,
use
For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
Des
crip
tions
to a
ssis
t with
det
erm
inin
g in
dica
tor s
core
s.
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
• Th
e fo
llow
ing
indi
cato
rs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
the
CA
SI a
s par
t of P
CS:
o
So
il fe
rtilit
y (P
& K
stat
us)
o
Soil
ferti
lity
(N st
atus
) o
So
il pH
21.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s •
Hav
e a
list o
f des
irabl
e fo
rage
spec
ies a
vaila
ble
to re
fer t
o as
nee
ded.
One
shou
ld h
ave
been
dev
elop
ed fo
r the
cor
rela
ted
Fora
ge S
uita
bilit
y G
roup
Des
crip
tion
(FSG
D) o
r sta
te
agro
nom
y gu
ide
fora
ge sp
ecie
s rec
omm
enda
tions
in F
ield
Off
ice
Tech
nica
l Gui
de.
• D
eter
min
e in
dica
tor s
core
1 th
roug
h 5
for e
ach
indi
cato
r on
the
CA
SI.
21.4
.1 C
ondi
tion
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al ra
nge
sam
ple,
pas
ture
con
ditio
n sc
ore
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
• Fo
r the
non
-Fed
eral
pas
ture
sam
ple,
pas
ture
con
ditio
n sc
ore
data
are
doc
umen
ted
for n
on-
Fede
ral p
oint
s with
land
cov
er/u
se o
f gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
000
Gra
ssla
nd n
ot d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge) o
r scr
ub sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge (L
CU
= 2
200
Scru
b Sh
rub
not d
efin
ed a
s ran
ge).
21.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
In a
dditi
on to
the
basi
c da
ta c
olle
ctio
n m
ater
ials
not
ed in
cha
pter
2, t
he fo
llow
ing
anci
llary
re
sour
ces a
re re
quire
d:
• “G
uide
to P
astu
re C
ondi
tion
Scor
ing”
, ht
tps:
//ww
w.n
rcs.u
sda.
gov/
Inte
rnet
/FSE
_DO
CU
MEN
TS/s
telp
rdb1
0442
39.p
df
• Pl
ant i
dent
ifica
tion
refe
renc
es (f
lora
s) fo
r you
r sta
te o
r reg
ion.
Use
wee
d ID
refe
renc
es
for n
on-le
gum
inou
s for
bs fo
r you
r sta
te o
r reg
ion
to id
entif
y un
fam
iliar
forb
s and
/or
retri
eve
scie
ntifi
c na
me.
21.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Past
ure
Con
ditio
n Sc
orin
g
21.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s D
efin
ition
s are
pre
sent
ed in
the
orde
r tha
t the
y ap
pear
in th
e Pr
oced
ure.
Indi
cato
rs. T
hey
are
dete
ctab
le sy
mpt
oms t
hat c
an b
e ea
sily
est
imat
ed o
r mea
sure
d in
a p
astu
re.
They
indi
cate
how
muc
h on
e or
mor
e ca
usat
ive
fact
ors a
re a
ffec
ting
the
plan
t com
mun
ity a
nd so
il re
sour
ce o
f tha
t pas
ture
. Bot
h m
anag
emen
t and
env
ironm
enta
l con
ditio
ns p
lay
a ro
le in
de
term
inin
g w
hat t
he c
ondi
tion
of a
pas
ture
is a
t any
mom
ent.
Cau
sativ
e fa
ctor
s. Th
e un
derly
ing
reas
ons w
hy th
e in
dica
tors
look
or a
ct th
e w
ay th
ey d
o w
hen
bein
g ob
serv
ed a
nd m
easu
red
durin
g th
e pa
stur
e co
nditi
on sc
orin
g pr
oces
s. So
me
caus
ativ
e fa
ctor
s can
be
easi
ly a
djus
ted,
such
as s
ever
ity o
f use
; whi
le o
ther
s can
not,
such
as e
piso
dic
clim
atic
eve
nts.
The
latte
r one
s mus
t be
reac
ted
to b
y m
anag
emen
t to
less
en th
eir i
mpa
ct.
Des
irab
le sp
ecie
s. Fo
rage
spec
ies t
hat a
re a
dapt
ed to
the
clim
ate
and
soils
they
gro
w in
, rea
dily
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
cons
umed
, per
sist
ent,
and
prov
ide
high
tonn
age
and
qual
ity fo
r a si
gnifi
cant
par
t of t
he g
row
ing
seas
on.
Inte
rmed
iate
spec
ies.
Fora
ge sp
ecie
s tha
t are
eat
en b
ut p
rovi
de lo
w to
nnag
e, o
r los
e qu
ality
fast
, or
hav
e a
shor
t-liv
ed g
razi
ng u
se p
erio
d. T
hey
also
may
be
eate
n se
cond
arily
to th
e m
ost d
esira
ble
spec
ies s
o th
ey m
ay n
ot b
e pr
efer
red
spec
ies i
f lef
t to
choi
ce.
Und
esir
able
spec
ies.
Plan
t spe
cies
that
are
gen
eral
ly re
fuse
d or
onl
y pa
rtial
ly e
aten
whe
n lit
tle
else
is a
vaila
ble.
Thi
s inc
lude
s woo
dy in
vade
rs, n
oxio
us w
eeds
, and
toxi
c or
thor
ny p
lant
s.
Can
opy
cove
r (N
RI)
. The
per
cent
age
of g
roun
d co
vere
d by
a v
ertic
al p
roje
ctio
n of
the
cano
py.
[NR
I-03-
Ran
ge]
Litt
er. D
etac
hed
plan
t res
idue
and
dun
g th
at li
es o
n th
e gr
ound
surf
ace
and
prov
ides
gro
und
cove
r.
Stan
ding
dea
d. T
his i
s a c
ombi
natio
n of
dea
d le
aves
and
stem
s not
lyin
g on
the
soil
surf
ace
that
is
left
behi
nd w
hen
past
ures
are
sele
ctiv
ely
graz
ed. T
his d
ead
tissu
e is
inte
rmix
ed w
ith st
andi
ng
gree
n le
aves
and
stem
s. It
inte
rfer
es w
ith g
razi
ng a
ctiv
ity w
hen
choi
ces a
re a
vaila
ble
and
redu
ces
fora
ge q
ualit
y if
inge
sted
whe
n an
imal
s are
forc
ed to
or i
nadv
erte
ntly
eat
it.
Fora
ge S
uita
bilit
y G
roup
Des
crip
tions
. For
age
suita
bilit
y gr
oup
desc
riptio
ns (F
SGD
s) a
re
inte
rpre
tive
repo
rts p
rovi
ding
the
soil
and
plan
t sci
ence
bas
is fo
r con
serv
atio
n pl
anni
ng o
n liv
esto
ck o
pera
tions
whe
re fo
rage
cro
ps a
re g
row
n. F
SGD
s are
dev
elop
ed to
org
aniz
e in
form
atio
n fo
r a g
roup
of s
oil m
ap u
nit c
ompo
nent
s tha
t hav
e si
mila
r pot
entia
ls a
nd li
mita
tions
for f
orag
e pr
oduc
tion.
The
y id
entif
y ad
apte
d fo
rage
spec
ies,
year
ly fo
rage
pro
duct
ion
estim
ates
, and
di
strib
utio
n of
pro
duct
ion
durin
g th
e gr
owin
g se
ason
. Inf
orm
atio
n fr
om th
e fo
rage
suita
bilit
y gr
oup
desc
riptio
n is
util
ized
dur
ing
the
cons
erva
tion
plan
ning
pro
cess
to se
lect
app
ropr
iate
fora
ge
spec
ies f
or p
astu
re a
nd h
ay p
lant
ing
and
to d
evel
op li
vest
ock
fora
ge b
alan
ce re
ports
. For
age
Suita
bilit
y G
roup
s (FS
Gs)
are
com
pose
d of
one
or m
ore
indi
vidu
al so
il m
ap u
nit c
ompo
nent
s ha
ving
sim
ilar p
oten
tials
and
lim
itatio
ns fo
r for
age
prod
uctio
n. S
oils
with
in a
FSG
are
suff
icie
ntly
un
iform
to:
• Su
ppor
t the
sam
e ad
apte
d fo
rage
pla
nts u
nder
the
sam
e m
anag
emen
t con
ditio
ns.
• R
equi
re si
mila
r con
serv
atio
n tre
atm
ent a
nd m
anag
emen
t to
prod
uce
the
fora
ges s
elec
ted
in th
e qu
ality
and
qua
ntity
des
ired.
•
Hav
e co
mpa
rabl
e po
tent
ial p
rodu
ctiv
ity.
Func
tiona
l gro
ups.
Func
tiona
l gro
ups f
or p
astu
re c
an b
e ex
pres
sed
rath
er si
mpl
y an
d br
oadl
y as
ef
fect
type
s. Ef
fect
pla
nt fu
nctio
nal t
ypes
are
gro
ups o
f pla
nt sp
ecie
s tha
t aff
ect e
cosy
stem
pr
oces
ses s
uch
as p
rodu
ctiv
ity, n
utrie
nt c
yclin
g, a
nd tr
ophi
c tra
nsfe
r sim
ilarly
. For
pas
ture
s, th
ey
are
cool
seas
on g
rass
es a
nd g
rass
-like
s, w
arm
seas
on g
rass
es, l
egum
es (f
orb
or sh
rub)
, and
oth
er
forb
s. A
fifth
one
, woo
dy sp
ecie
s, is
to b
e av
oide
d un
less
the
past
ure
is a
silv
opas
ture
whe
re tr
ees
are
inte
ntio
nally
gro
wn
alon
g w
ith th
e fo
rage
reso
urce
in a
way
that
nur
ture
s for
age
grow
th
and/
or sh
elte
rs li
vest
ock.
Perc
ent l
egum
e. P
erce
nt o
f sta
ndin
g fo
rage
as a
ir-dr
y w
eigh
t tha
t is l
egum
e.
Uni
form
ity o
f use
. A g
razi
ng p
atte
rn fo
rmed
by
diff
eren
ces i
n gr
azin
g us
e ac
ross
a p
astu
re. I
t is a
re
sult
of li
vest
ock
resp
ondi
ng to
how
the
fora
ge is
pre
sent
ed to
them
. The
mor
e th
ey h
ave
to
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
choo
se fr
om, b
oth
in q
uant
ity a
s wel
l as n
umbe
r of s
peci
es, t
he le
ss u
nifo
rm th
e gr
azin
g w
ill b
e.
The
less
use
d ar
eas a
re w
here
the
stan
ding
dea
d re
sidu
e ap
pear
s.
Man
agem
ent u
nit.
A fi
eld
cont
aini
ng a
spec
ific
land
use
and
trea
ted
with
the
sam
e se
t of
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
. Whe
n a
past
ure,
it is
usu
ally
fenc
ed in
som
e fa
shio
n. G
razi
ng
man
agem
ent,
the
graz
ing
sche
dule
as p
ract
iced
, sto
ckin
g de
nsiti
es, s
peci
es c
ompo
sitio
n, a
nd
othe
r app
lied
prac
tices
from
one
are
a to
the
next
with
in th
e un
it ar
e no
t diff
eren
t.
Soil
com
pact
ion.
Whe
n a
load
is a
pplie
d to
a so
il w
hile
it is
moi
st e
noug
h to
be
mol
ded
or
disp
lace
d, th
e so
il co
mpr
esse
s to
an in
crea
sed
dens
ity. I
n a
past
ure
setti
ng, t
he lo
ads p
rimar
ily
bein
g ap
plie
d ar
e fr
om th
e ho
oves
of t
he g
razi
ng a
nim
als.
Liv
esto
ck c
once
ntra
tion
area
s. Th
ese
are
bare
ear
th h
eavy
use
are
as in
pas
ture
s whe
re th
e liv
esto
ck tr
affic
is so
hig
h th
at th
e ve
geta
tion
has b
een
tread
ed o
ut. T
he so
ils a
re d
ense
ly
com
pact
ed a
t the
surf
ace
on th
ese
site
s. C
omm
only
they
occ
ur u
nder
shad
e tre
es a
nd a
t gat
e op
enin
gs, w
ater
trou
ghs,
hay
bunk
s, an
d ot
her a
reas
whe
re li
vest
ock
cong
rega
te re
peat
edly
for
prol
onge
d pe
riods
of t
ime
to lo
unge
or s
atis
fy th
eir h
unge
r or t
hirs
t.
Stre
amba
nk a
nd sh
orel
ine
eros
ion.
Ban
k un
derc
uttin
g is
the
root
cau
se o
f bot
h fo
rms o
f er
osio
n. W
ater
cur
rent
s flo
win
g ag
ains
t the
toe
slop
e of
the
bank
cau
se st
ream
bank
und
ercu
tting
. Sh
orel
ine
unde
rcut
ting
occu
rs w
hen
wav
es st
rike
agai
nst t
he sh
ore
bank
of a
pon
d or
lake
. Bot
h of
thes
e fo
rms o
f ero
sion
can
and
do
occu
r with
out l
ives
tock
traf
fic. S
tream
bank
and
shor
elin
e er
osio
n ar
e w
orse
ned
by li
vest
ock
whe
re th
ey a
cces
s the
ban
ks to
gra
ze, d
rink,
cro
ss o
ver t
o gr
aze
anot
her p
art o
f the
pas
ture
, or c
ool o
ff in
wat
er. S
ince
the
bank
s are
uns
tabl
e du
e to
the
unde
rcut
ting,
they
are
ofte
n ve
ry st
eep
and
on th
e ve
rge
of c
olla
pse.
The
shar
pnes
s and
pre
ssur
e lo
ad o
f liv
esto
ck h
oove
s cau
se th
e ba
nks t
o sh
ear a
nd sl
ough
into
the
wat
er. T
his s
loug
hed-
off
soil
is e
rode
d aw
ay b
y w
ater
cur
rent
s or w
ave
actio
n, c
reat
ing
a m
ovin
g fr
ont o
f rep
etiti
ve e
vent
s of
und
ercu
tting
and
slou
ghin
g.
21.5
.2 P
roce
dure
1.
Pa
stur
e co
nditi
on sc
ore
prot
ocol
is th
e la
st a
sses
sed
prot
ocol
on
the
mac
ropl
ot.
2.
Rat
e ea
ch o
f the
list
ed in
dica
tors
by
scor
ing
them
bas
ed o
n th
e cr
iteria
that
bes
t fits
or
desc
ribes
wha
t is b
eing
obs
erve
d in
the
mac
ro p
lot.
• A
cop
y of
the
Gui
de to
Pas
ture
Con
ditio
n Sc
orin
g is
ava
ilabl
e at
: ht
tps:
//ww
w.n
rcs.u
sda.
gov/
Inte
rnet
/FSE
_DO
CU
MEN
TS/s
telp
rdb1
0442
39.p
df
• Pe
rcen
t des
irab
le P
lant
s - to
tal u
p th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
peci
es c
ompo
sitio
n th
at is
de
sira
ble
plan
ts re
cord
ed fo
r the
mac
ro p
lot.
Use
the
state
list
of d
esira
ble
fora
ge p
lant
s. U
sing
the
tota
l per
cent
age
that
are
des
irabl
e fo
rage
spec
ies,
com
pare
with
scor
e sh
eet
rang
es fo
r eac
h of
the
5 co
nditi
on sc
ore
valu
es a
nd se
lect
the
appr
opria
te sc
ore
(1-5
) for
th
e pe
rcen
t pla
nt c
over
by
wei
ght t
hat i
s des
irabl
e fo
rage
foun
d w
ithin
the
mac
ro p
lot.
If
noxi
ous w
eeds
or
othe
r un
desi
rabl
e sp
ecie
s wer
e fo
und
insi
de th
e m
acro
plo
t whe
n do
ing
the
plan
t cen
sus,
refe
r to
the
narr
ativ
e de
scrip
tions
of e
ach
scor
e va
lue
and
adju
st to
th
e sc
ore
that
bes
t des
crib
es th
e am
ount
of u
ndes
irabl
e pl
ants
. Not
e th
at if
som
e w
oody
sp
ecie
s (in
vadi
ng o
nes)
are
pre
sent
and
wel
l est
ablis
hed,
the
scor
e dr
ops t
o a
3. If
the
woo
dy p
lant
s are
still
you
ng a
nd in
freq
uent
to ra
re, a
scor
e of
4 is
app
ropr
iate
. The
y w
ould
be
lum
ped
in w
ith a
ny o
ther
und
esira
ble
spec
ies.
• Pl
ant c
over
- V
isua
lly e
stim
ate
the
tota
l cov
er o
f all
desi
rabl
e an
d in
term
edia
te sp
ecie
s. A
ssig
n a
valu
e ba
sed
on e
ither
gre
en le
af c
anop
y or
live
veg
etat
ive
basa
l are
a co
ver
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-5
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
perc
enta
ge.
• Pl
ant d
iver
sity
- Pl
ant d
iver
sity
ratin
gs a
re b
ased
on
fora
ge sp
ecie
s and
func
tiona
l gr
oups
. •
Plan
t res
idue
- R
ate
grou
nd c
over
and
stan
ding
dea
d fo
rage
sepa
rate
ly a
nd a
vera
ge
scor
e.
• Pl
ant v
igor
- Pl
ant r
ecov
ery
is o
ften
an is
sue
for s
ome
peop
le u
sing
the
scor
e sh
eet.
Bas
e th
is o
n yo
ur im
pres
sion
of t
he g
row
ing
cond
ition
s at t
he ti
me
of v
isit.
If th
e w
eath
er h
as
been
abn
orm
ally
dry
, pla
nt g
row
th h
as sl
owed
. Mak
e a
scor
e se
lect
ion
base
d on
you
r bes
t ju
dgm
ent.
For g
rass
spec
ies t
hat t
eles
cope
out
of t
heir
leaf
shea
ths,
it is
eas
ier t
o te
ll ho
w
muc
h ne
w g
row
th th
ey h
ave
put o
n by
mea
surin
g ho
w m
uch
new
gro
wth
has
tele
scop
ed
out s
ince
the
last
kno
wn
time
the
gras
s was
gra
zed.
Leg
ume
grow
th sl
ows a
nd p
lant
s ten
d to
dw
arf a
nd se
t flo
wer
whe
n un
der s
tress
. Gro
wth
from
thei
r axi
llary
bud
s at n
odes
or
from
cro
wn
buds
can
be
mea
sure
d. L
ook
at th
e ot
her n
arra
tive
crite
ria, e
spec
ially
the
gree
nnes
s of t
he p
lant
s and
cor
rela
te w
hat y
ou se
e w
ith th
e m
ost a
ppro
pria
te sc
ore’
s na
rrat
ive.
Lac
k of
soil
ferti
lity
will
onl
y m
ake
plan
t rec
over
y ev
en sl
ower
if w
eath
er o
r re
peat
ed g
razi
ng e
vent
s are
not
con
duci
ve to
fast
regr
owth
. Als
o lo
ok fo
r evi
denc
e of
w
iltin
g an
d fo
r any
inse
ct o
r dis
ease
dam
age.
•
Perc
ent L
egum
e - r
ate
the
mac
ro p
lot f
or th
is in
dica
tor.
Sele
ct th
e sc
ore
•
Uni
form
ity o
f use
- ra
te th
e m
acro
plo
t is i
n fo
r thi
s ind
icat
or. S
elec
t the
scor
e w
hose
na
rrat
ive
best
fits
wha
t is s
een.
•
Liv
esto
ck c
once
ntra
tion
area
s - ra
te th
e m
acro
plo
t for
this
indi
cato
r. Se
lect
the
scor
e w
hose
nar
rativ
e be
st fi
ts w
hat i
s see
n.
• So
il co
mpa
ctio
n - U
se a
stee
l pro
be o
r soi
l pen
etro
met
er to
feel
the
amou
nt o
f res
ista
nce
the
soil
give
s to
bein
g pe
netra
ted
by e
ither
inst
rum
ent w
hen
stan
ding
in th
e m
acro
plo
t. D
o se
vera
l mea
sure
men
ts to
get
an
aver
age
resi
stan
ce w
ithin
the
mac
ro p
lot,
a fe
w p
robe
s in
eac
h qu
adra
nt is
bes
t. Th
en, c
heck
soil
resi
stan
ce to
pen
etra
tion
at th
e ne
ares
t fen
celin
e w
here
the
anim
als c
anno
t ste
p on
the
soil
and
com
pare
the
ease
of t
he p
robe
ent
erin
g th
e so
il th
ere
com
pare
d to
it e
nter
ing
the
soil
at th
e m
acro
plo
t. Pu
sh th
e pr
obe
at le
ast 8
in
ches
into
the
grou
nd w
here
resi
stan
ce is
not
so g
reat
that
dam
age
to th
e eq
uipm
ent o
r an
inju
ry to
you
is p
roba
ble.
Soi
l tex
ture
and
moi
stne
ss a
t the
fenc
e sh
ould
be
sim
ilar t
o th
e m
acro
plo
t. Se
lect
the
scor
e w
hose
nar
rativ
e be
st fi
ts w
hat i
s fel
t and
obs
erve
d at
the
mac
ro p
lot c
ompa
red
to th
e re
sist
ance
(or l
ack
ther
eof)
at t
he fe
nce.
•
Ero
sion
- ra
te th
e m
acro
plo
t. A
lway
s rat
e sh
eet a
nd ri
ll er
osio
n. R
ate
win
d, st
ream
bank
or
shor
elin
e, a
nd g
ully
ero
sion
onl
y if
pres
ent.
If pr
esen
t, st
ate
type
of e
rosi
on a
nd th
e sc
ore
it re
ceiv
ed. S
elec
t the
scor
e w
hose
nar
rativ
e be
st fi
ts th
e de
scrip
tion
of th
e se
verit
y of
the
eros
ion
type
obs
erve
d. S
tream
bank
and
shor
elin
e er
osio
n sh
ould
be
rate
d ba
sed
on
anim
al a
ctiv
ity th
at h
as in
itiat
ed th
e er
osio
n or
has
wor
sene
d a
pre-
exis
ting
cond
ition
that
w
ill n
ot st
op e
ntire
ly, i
f at a
ll, a
fter t
he li
vest
ock
are
excl
uded
. Are
as o
f drin
k an
d w
adin
g ar
e on
es in
itiat
ed b
y liv
esto
ck. B
ank
slou
ghin
g fr
om u
nder
cutti
ng m
ay b
e w
orse
ned
by
lives
tock
wal
king
on
them
, but
the
cond
ition
is re
late
d m
ore
to b
ank
heig
hts,
natu
ral r
ock
arm
or, s
tream
mor
phol
ogy,
and
win
d fe
tch
and
dire
ctio
n on
ope
n w
ater
of p
onds
and
la
kes.
3.
If pl
ant v
igor
is ra
ted
belo
w, 4
, rat
e ea
ch o
f the
follo
win
g ca
usat
ive
fact
ors b
y sc
orin
g th
em
base
d on
the
crite
ria th
at b
est f
its o
r des
crib
es w
hat i
s bei
ng o
bser
ved
in th
e m
acro
plo
t.
• Se
veri
ty o
f use
- ra
te th
e m
acro
plo
t. Ju
dge
with
in th
e m
acro
plo
t (de
pend
ing
on w
hich
pa
ddoc
k it
land
ed in
) if r
esid
ual g
razi
ng st
ubbl
e he
ight
s wer
e at
or a
bove
thos
e re
com
men
ded
in T
able
5-3
of t
he N
RPH
, pag
e 5.
2-12
. The
re is
als
o th
e po
ssib
ility
of t
he
plan
ts b
eing
regr
azed
bef
ore
they
hav
e ha
d a
chan
ce to
fully
reco
ver.
The
liter
atur
e is
less
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
-6
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
clea
r on
this
mat
ter s
o re
ly o
n yo
ur p
rofe
ssio
nal j
udgm
ent w
heth
er th
e liv
esto
ck a
re
retu
rnin
g to
o so
on. F
or c
ontin
uous
ly g
raze
d pa
stur
es, i
t is l
ikel
y th
ey a
re re
turn
ing
too
soon
by
regr
azin
g sh
ort g
rass
are
as a
nd a
void
ing
olde
r, ta
ller a
reas
(spo
t gra
zing
), or
ev
eryt
hing
is g
raze
d do
wn
exce
pt fo
r ine
dibl
e pl
ants
with
no
reje
ctio
n oc
curr
ing
even
at
mos
t urin
e an
d du
ng sp
ots.
Thi
s fac
tor
is o
nly
avai
labl
e fo
r ra
ting
whe
n pl
ant v
igor
is
rate
d le
ss th
an 4
. •
Site
Ada
ptat
ion
of D
esir
ed S
peci
es -
obse
rve
the
mac
ro p
lot.
Sele
ct th
e sc
ore
who
se
narr
ativ
e be
st d
escr
ibes
the
pres
ence
/abs
ence
and
ove
rall
prop
ortio
n of
des
ired
spec
ies a
t th
e si
te. S
ite a
dapt
atio
n of
des
ired
spec
ies r
equi
res k
now
ledg
e of
wha
t was
orig
inal
ly
plan
ted
on th
e fie
ld. I
n m
ost i
nsta
nces
this
info
rmat
ion
is u
nava
ilabl
e to
an
NR
I dat
a co
llect
or. T
his c
ausa
tive
fact
or is
use
ful f
or re
cent
ly re
nova
ted
past
ures
to c
heck
to se
e if
the
plan
ted
spec
ies w
ere
adap
ted
to th
e si
te o
r not
bas
ed o
n m
anag
emen
t rec
eive
d, th
e so
ils, a
nd th
e cl
imat
e.
• C
limat
ic st
ress
es -
obse
rve
at th
e m
acro
plo
t. Se
lect
the
scor
e w
hose
nar
rativ
e be
st fi
ts
the
desc
riptio
n of
the
clim
atic
stre
ss, i
f any
, bei
ng e
xhib
ited
by th
e pl
ants
. Thi
s fac
tor
is
only
ava
ilabl
e fo
r ra
ting
whe
n pl
ant v
igor
is r
ated
less
than
4.
• In
sect
and
/or
Dis
ease
pre
ssur
e - o
bser
ve a
t the
mac
ro p
lot.
Che
ck p
lant
leav
es fo
r le
sion
s, ye
llow
ing,
stun
ting,
or b
row
ning
cau
sed
by ru
st, m
olds
, viru
ses,
or fu
ngi.
Ther
e is
no
need
to k
ey o
ut sp
ecifi
c di
seas
e. A
lso
chec
k fo
r ins
ect f
eedi
ng o
f lea
ves o
r spi
ttle
at
the
axils
of l
egum
es. S
elec
t the
scor
e th
at w
hose
nar
rativ
e be
st fi
ts th
e de
scrip
tion
of th
e ef
fect
inse
cts a
nd/o
r dis
ease
s are
hav
ing
on th
e pl
ants
with
in th
e m
acro
plo
t. Sc
ores
2 a
nd
3 na
rrat
ives
refe
r to
econ
omic
thre
shol
ds. F
or N
RI a
nd to
kee
p th
e sa
mpl
ing
prot
ocol
s si
mpl
e, w
e w
ill n
ot b
e co
llect
ing
data
to a
scer
tain
whe
ther
or n
ot th
e ec
onom
ic th
resh
old
has b
een
reac
hed.
Inst
ead,
obs
erve
dam
age
and
base
d on
the
rela
tive
amou
nt o
f lea
f da
mag
e as
sign
a re
ason
ed sc
ore
that
seem
s to
capt
ure
the
amou
nt o
f dam
age
obse
rved
. At
leve
l 1, m
orta
lity
of p
lant
s is o
ccur
ring.
At 2
, the
pla
nts w
ould
be
at a
poi
nt th
at if
not
tre
ated
, the
y w
ould
soon
be
dyin
g of
f or t
he c
urre
nt fo
rage
cro
p w
ould
be
lost
for g
razi
ng
or h
ayin
g us
e. A
t 3, t
he p
lant
s’ fo
rage
qua
lity
is su
ffer
ing
enou
gh th
at a
lthou
gh it
cou
ld
be g
raze
or h
ayed
, its
qua
lity
is m
uch
low
er th
an th
at o
f una
ffec
ted
plan
ts. T
his f
acto
r is
on
ly a
vaila
ble
for
ratin
g w
hen
plan
t vig
or is
rat
ed le
ss th
an 4
.
21.6
Ref
eren
ces
• C
osgr
ove,
D.,
D. U
nder
sand
er, a
nd J.
Cro
pper
. 200
1. P
astu
re c
ondi
tion
scor
e sh
eet.
USD
A-N
RC
S G
razi
ng L
ands
Tec
hnol
ogy
Inst
itute
, Ft.
Wor
th, T
exas
. •
Cos
grov
e, D
., D
. Und
ersa
nder
, and
J. C
ropp
er. 2
001.
Gui
de to
pas
ture
con
ditio
n sc
orin
g.
USD
A-N
RC
S G
razi
ng L
ands
Tec
hnol
ogy
Inst
itute
, Ft.
Wor
th, T
exas
. •
Gur
etzk
y, J.
A.,
K.J.
Moo
re, E
.C. B
rum
mer
, and
C.L
. Bur
ras.
2005
. Spe
cies
div
ersi
ty a
nd
func
tiona
l com
posi
tion
of p
astu
res t
hat v
ary
in la
ndsc
ape
posi
tion
and
graz
ing
man
agem
ent.
Cro
p Sc
i. 45
:282
-289
. •
Tilm
an, D
., J.
Kno
ps, D
. Wed
in, P
. Rei
ch, M
. Ritc
hie,
and
E. S
ierm
ann.
199
7. T
he
influ
ence
of f
unct
iona
l div
ersi
ty a
nd c
ompo
sitio
n on
eco
syst
em p
roce
sses
. Sci
ence
77
:130
0-13
02.
• U
SDA
, NR
CS.
200
3. N
atio
nal R
ange
and
Pas
ture
Han
dboo
k. C
hapt
er 5
, Sec
tion
2, p
age
5.2-
12, T
able
5-3
. For
t Wor
th, T
X
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2019
G
razi
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On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
1-1.
Pas
ture
Con
ditio
n Sc
ore
Eval
uatio
n M
atrix
Indi
cato
r Sc
ore
1 Sc
ore
2 Sc
ore
3 Sc
ore
4 Sc
ore
5
Perc
ent d
esira
ble
plan
ts
Des
irabl
e sp
ecie
s
Des
irabl
e sp
ecie
s 20-
40%
of s
tand
. Mos
tly
wee
dy an
nual
s and
/or
woo
dy sp
ecie
s pre
sent
an
d ex
pand
ing.
Sha
de
a fa
ctor
.
40-6
0% d
esira
ble
fora
ge sp
ecies
. Un
desir
able
broa
d-lea
f we
eds a
nd an
nual
weed
y gr
asse
s in
vadi
ng. S
ome
wood
ies.
60-8
0% o
f pla
nt
com
mun
ity a
re d
esira
ble
spec
ies.
Rem
aind
er
mos
tly in
term
edia
tes
and
a fe
w u
ndes
irabl
es
pres
ent.
Des
irabl
e sp
ecie
s ex
ceed
80%
of p
lant
co
mm
unity
. Sca
ttere
d in
ter-
med
iate
s.
Plan
t cov
er (L
ive
stem
s and
gre
en
leaf
cov
er o
f all
desir
able
and
in
term
edia
te
spec
ies.)
Cano
py: <
50%
Bas
al
area
: < 1
5%
Phot
osyn
thet
ic ar
ea
very
low
. Ver
y lit
tle
plan
t cov
er to
slow
or
stop
runo
ff.
Cano
py: 5
0-70
%, B
asal
area
: 15-
25%
Ph
otos
ynth
etic a
rea l
ow.
Vege
tal re
tarda
nce t
o ru
noff
low.
Cano
py: 7
0-90
%, B
asal
area
: 25-
35%
Mos
t fo
rage
s gra
zed
close
, lit
tle le
af ar
ea to
in
terce
pt su
n- li
ght.
Mod
erate
veg
etal
retar
danc
e.
Cano
py: 9
0-95
%, B
asal
area
: 35-
50%
Spo
t gra
zed
low
and
high
so so
me l
oss
of p
hoto
- syn
theti
c po
tentia
l. Ve
getal
re
tarda
nce s
till h
igh.
Cano
py: 9
5-10
0%,
Basa
l are
a: >5
0%
Fora
ges m
aintai
ned
in
leafy
cond
ition
for b
est
phot
osyn
theti
c acti
vity
. Ve
ry th
ick st
and,
slow
or
no
runo
ff flo
ws.
Plan
t div
ersit
y
One
dom
inan
t (>
75%
of
DM
wt.)
fora
ge
spec
ies.
Or,
over
5
fora
ge sp
ecie
s (al
l <2
0%) f
rom
one
do
min
ant f
unct
iona
l gr
oup,
not
even
ly
graz
ed -
poor
ly
distr
ibut
ed.
Two
to fi
ve fo
rage
sp
ecie
s fro
m o
ne
dom
inan
t fun
ctio
nal
(>75
% o
f DM
wt.)
gr
oup.
At l
east
one
avoi
ded
by li
vesto
ck
perm
ittin
g pr
esen
ce o
f m
atur
e se
ed st
alks
. Sp
ecie
s in
patc
hes.
Thre
e fo
rage
spec
ies
(eac
h 20
% o
f DM
w
t.) fr
om o
ne
func
tiona
l gro
up.
Non
e av
oide
d. O
r, on
e fo
rage
spec
ies
each
from
two
func
tiona
l gro
ups,
both
supp
ly 2
5-50
%
of D
M w
t.
Thre
e to
four
fora
ge
spec
ies (
each
≥20
% o
f D
M w
t.) w
ith a
t lea
st
one
bein
g a
legu
me.
W
ell i
nter
mix
ed,
com
patib
le g
row
th
habi
t, an
d co
mpa
rabl
e pa
lata
bilit
y.
Four
to fi
ve fo
rage
sp
ecie
s rep
rese
ntin
g th
ree
func
tiona
l gr
oups
(eac
h ≥2
0% o
f D
M w
t.) w
ith a
t lea
st
one
bein
g a
legu
me.
In
term
ixed
wel
l, co
mpa
tible
gro
wth
ha
bit,
and
com
para
ble
pala
tabi
lity.
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e C
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Indi
cato
r Sc
ore
1 Sc
ore
2 Sc
ore
3 Sc
ore
4 Sc
ore
5
Plan
t res
idue
(Rat
e gr
ound
cov
er a
nd
stand
ing
dead
fo
rage
sepa
rate
ly
and
aver
age
scor
e.)
Gro
und
cove
r: N
o id
entif
iabl
e re
sidu
e pr
esen
t on
soil
surf
ace.
Or,
heav
y th
atch
evi
dent
(> 1
in
ch).
Stan
ding
dea
d fo
rage
: >25
% o
f air
dry
wei
ght.
Gro
und
cove
r: 1
-10
% c
over
ed w
ith
dead
leav
es o
r ste
ms.
Or,
that
ch 0
.5 in
ch to
1
inch
thic
k.
Stan
ding
dea
d fo
rage
: 15-
25%
of
air d
ry w
eigh
t.
Gro
und
cove
r: 1
0-20
% c
over
ed w
ith
dead
resi
due.
Or,
slig
ht th
atch
bui
ldup
bu
t < 0
.5 in
ch.
Stan
ding
dea
d fo
rage
: 5-1
5% o
f air
dry
wei
ght.
Gro
und
cove
r: 2
0-30
% c
over
ed w
ith
dead
resi
due.
No
that
ch p
rese
nt.
Stan
ding
dea
d fo
rage
: som
e, b
ut <
5%
of a
ir dr
y w
eigh
t.
Gro
und
cove
r: 3
0-70
% c
over
ed w
ith
dead
resi
due,
but
no
that
ch b
uild
- up.
St
andi
ng d
ead
fora
ge: n
one
avai
labl
e to
gra
zing
an
imal
.
Plan
t vig
or (I
f pl
ant v
igor
ratin
g is
le
ss th
an 4
, de
term
ine
caus
e by
ra
ting
4 po
ssib
le
caus
es li
sted
und
er
belo
w P
lant
Vig
or
and
Cau
sativ
e Fa
ctor
s)
No
reco
very
afte
r gr
azin
g or
pal
e ye
llow
or
bro
wn,
or
perm
anen
t wilt
ing,
or
plan
t los
s due
to
inse
cts o
r dise
ase,
ex
erci
se lo
t onl
y. O
r, lo
dged
, dar
k gr
een
over
ly lu
sh fo
rage
. O
ften
avoi
ded
by
graz
ers.
Reco
very
after
graz
ing
takes
2 or
mor
e wee
ks
long
er th
an no
rmal,
or
yello
wish
gree
n lea
ves,
or m
ajor i
nsec
t or d
iseas
e yi
eld lo
ss, o
r plan
ts wi
lted m
ost o
f day
. Pr
oduc
tivity
very
low.
Reco
very
after
graz
ing
takes
1 we
ek lo
nger
than
no
rmal,
or ur
ine/
dung
pa
tches
dark
gree
n in
cont
rast
to re
st of
plan
ts,
or m
inor
inse
ct or
di
seas
e los
s or m
idda
y pl
ant w
iltin
g. Yi
elds
regu
larly
belo
w sit
e po
tentia
l.
Reco
very
after
graz
ing
takes
1 to
2 da
ys lo
nger
th
an no
rmal,
or li
ght g
reen
pl
ants
amon
g gre
ener
ur
ine a
nd du
ng pa
tches
, or
min
or in
sect
or di
seas
e da
mag
e. No
plan
t wilt
ing.
Yield
s nea
r site
poten
tial.
Rapi
d re
cove
ry af
ter
graz
ing.
Hea
lthy
gree
n co
lor.
No
signs
of
inse
ct o
r dise
ase
dam
age.
No
leaf
w
iltin
g. Y
ield
s at s
ite
pote
ntia
l for
the
spec
ies a
dapt
ed to
the
site's
soil
and
clim
ate.
Perc
ent l
egum
e (C
ool s
easo
n st
ands
. See
foon
ote
1 of s
core
shee
t for
w
arm
seas
on)
< 10
% b
y w
t. O
r, gr
eate
r tha
n 60
% o
f bl
oatin
g le
gum
es.
10-1
9% le
gum
es. O
r, lo
sing
gras
s, 40
-60%
sp
read
ing
legum
e. 20
-29%
legu
mes
. 30
-39%
legu
mes
. 40
-60%
legu
mes
. No
gras
s los
s; gr
ass m
ay b
e in
crea
sing.
Uni
form
ity o
f use
Littl
e-gr
azed
pat
ches
co
ver o
ver 5
0% o
f the
pa
stur
e. M
osai
c pa
ttern
thro
ugho
ut o
r id
entif
iabl
e ar
eas o
f pa
stur
e av
oide
d.
Littl
e-gr
azed
pat
ches
co
ver 2
5-50
% o
f the
pa
stur
e ei
ther
in a
m
osai
c pa
ttern
or
obvi
ous p
ortio
n is
not
fr
eque
nted
.
Littl
e-gr
azed
pat
ches
co
ver 1
0-25
% o
f the
pa
stur
e ei
ther
in a
m
osai
c pa
ttern
or
obvi
ous p
ortio
n is
no
t fre
quen
ted.
Littl
e-gr
azed
pat
ches
m
inor
spot
s whe
re
isol
ated
fora
ge sp
ecie
s is
reje
cted
. Urin
e an
d du
ng p
atch
es a
void
ed.
Rej
ecte
d ar
eas o
nly
at
urin
e an
d du
ng
patc
hes.
No
fora
ge
spec
ies r
ejec
tion.
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e C
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ng L
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ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Indi
cato
r Sc
ore
1 Sc
ore
2 Sc
ore
3 Sc
ore
4 Sc
ore
5
Live
stoc
k co
ncen
tratio
n ar
eas
Cov
er >
10%
of t
he
past
ure;
or a
ll co
nvey
co
ntam
inat
ed ru
noff
di
rect
ly in
to w
ater
ch
anne
ls.
Live
stoc
k co
nc. a
reas
an
d tra
ils c
over
5-
10%
of p
astu
re; m
ost
clos
e to
wat
er
chan
nels
and
dra
in
into
them
unb
uffe
red.
Isol
ated
live
stoc
k co
nc. a
reas
and
trai
ls
<5%
of a
rea;
one
cl
ose
to w
ater
ch
anne
l and
dra
ins
into
it u
nbuf
fere
d
Som
e liv
esto
ck tr
ails
an
d on
e or
two
smal
l co
ncen
tratio
n ar
eas.
Buf
fer a
reas
bet
wee
n th
em a
nd w
ater
ch
anne
ls.
No
pres
ence
of
lives
tock
co
ncen
tratio
n ar
eas o
r he
avy
use
area
s site
d or
trea
ted
to m
inim
ize
cont
amin
ated
runo
ff.
Soil
com
pact
ion
Infil
tratio
n ca
paci
ty
and
surf
ace
runo
ff
seve
rely
aff
ecte
d by
he
avy
com
pact
ion.
Ex
cess
ive
lives
tock
tra
ffic
kill
ing
plan
ts
over
wid
e ar
eas.
Ver
y ha
rd to
pus
h pr
obe
into
soil
with
out d
am-
agin
g th
e pr
obe.
Infil
tratio
n ca
paci
ty
low
ered
and
surf
ace
runo
ff in
crea
sed
due
to la
rge
area
s of b
are
grou
nd a
nd d
ense
co
mpa
ctio
n la
yer a
t su
rfac
e. L
ives
tock
tra
ils c
omm
on
thro
ugho
ut. O
ff-tr
ail
hoof
prin
ts c
omm
on.
Har
d to
pus
h pr
obe
past
com
pact
ed
laye
rs.
Infil
tratio
n ca
paci
ty
low
ered
and
surf
ace
runo
ff in
crea
sed
due
to p
lant
cov
er lo
ss
and
soil
com
pact
ion
by li
vest
ock
hoov
es.
Soil
resi
stan
t to
soil
prob
e en
try a
t one
or
mor
e de
pths
with
in
plow
dep
th.
Infil
tratio
n ca
paci
ty
low
ered
and
surf
ace
runo
ff in
crea
sed
due
to
redu
ced
vege
tal
cove
r/ret
arda
nce.
Pro
be
ente
rs so
il ea
sily
ex
cept
at r
ocks
. Sc
atte
red
sign
s of
lives
tock
trai
ls a
nd
hoof
prin
ts, c
onfin
ed to
la
nes o
r sm
all,
wet
ar
eas.
Infil
tratio
n ca
paci
ty
and
surf
ace
runo
ff a
re
equa
l to
that
exp
ecte
d fo
r an
ungr
azed
m
eado
w; n
ot a
ffec
ted
by li
vest
ock
traff
ic.
Shee
t and
rill
eros
ion
Shee
t and
rill
eros
ion
is ac
tive t
hrou
ghou
t pa
sture
; rill
s 3-8
inch
es
deep
at c
lose
inte
rval
s an
d/or
gra
zing
te
rrace
ttes a
re cl
ose-
spac
ed w
ith so
me
slope
sli
ppag
e.
Mos
t she
et an
d ril
l er
osio
n co
nfin
ed to
ste
epes
t ter
rain
of u
nit;
wel
l def
ined
rills
0.5
-3
inch
es d
eep
at c
lose
in
terv
als a
nd/o
r gr
azin
g te
rrace
ttes
pres
ent.
Mos
t she
et an
d ril
l er
osio
n co
nfin
ed to
he
avy
use
area
s, es
peci
ally
in lo
afin
g ar
eas a
nd w
ater
site
s; ril
ls 0.
5-3
inch
es d
eep.
D
ebris
fans
at
dow
nslo
pe ed
ge.
No
curre
nt fo
rmat
ion
of
rills;
som
e evi
denc
e of
past
rill f
orm
atio
n, b
ut
are g
rass
ed. S
catte
red
debr
is da
ms o
f litt
er
pres
ent o
ccas
iona
lly.
No
evid
ence
of c
urre
nt
or p
ast f
orm
atio
n of
sh
eet f
low
or r
ills.
1 For w
arm
seas
on g
rass
(C4)
-legu
me
stan
ds, u
se th
e fo
llow
ing
crite
ria: 5
, 30-
40%
; 4, 2
0-29
%; 3
, 10-
19%
; 2, 5
-9%
, and
1 <
4%.
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
Scor
e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
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Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
1-2.
Opt
iona
l Pas
ture
Con
ditio
n Sc
ore
Eval
uatio
n M
atrix
. Rat
e th
ese
addi
tiona
l ero
sion
cat
egor
ies b
elow
onl
y if
pres
ent.
Indi
cato
r Sc
ore
1 Sc
ore
2 Sc
ore
3 Sc
ore
4 Sc
ore
5
Win
d er
osio
n Bl
owou
ts or
dun
es
form
ing
or p
rese
nt.
Soil
swep
t fro
m th
e es
tabl
ished
pas
ture
be
ing
rate
d ca
usin
g pl
ant d
eath
by
buria
l or
abra
sion.
Soil
swep
t fro
m
adja
cent
fiel
ds o
r pa
stur
e du
ring
seed
bed
prep
and
se
edlin
g gr
owth
to
caus
e pa
stur
e pl
ant
deat
h by
bur
ial o
r ab
rasi
on.
Som
e veg
etativ
e deb
ris
win
drow
ed. S
ome d
ust
depo
sitio
n fro
m o
ffsite
so
urce
. Min
or w
ind
dam
age t
o fo
liage
.
No
visib
le si
gns o
f w
indb
low
n so
il or
tra
sh. N
o w
ind
rela
ted
leaf
dam
age.
Stre
amba
nk o
r sh
oreli
ne er
osio
n
Ban
ks m
ostly
bar
e an
d sl
ough
ing.
No
nativ
e st
ream
bank
or
shor
elin
e ve
geta
tion
rem
aini
ng.
Ban
ks a
re h
eavi
ly
graz
ed a
nd tr
ampl
ed
all o
ver.
Man
y ar
e ac
tivel
y er
odin
g la
tera
lly. L
ittle
nat
ive
stre
amba
nk o
r sh
orel
ine
vege
tatio
n.
Ban
k sl
ough
ing
com
mon
.
Ban
ks a
re c
lose
gr
azed
, but
few
are
un
stab
le. S
ome
nativ
e st
ream
bank
or
shor
elin
e ve
geta
tion
rem
aini
ng. L
ives
tock
en
ter o
nly
at sp
ecifi
c po
ints
, but
use
hea
vy.
Rem
ote
alte
rnat
ive
wat
er si
te p
rese
nt
Bank
s are
gra
zed
but
stabl
e. M
ix o
f pas
ture
pl
ants
and
nativ
e w
ater
's ed
ge sp
ecie
s. M
uddy
live
stock
str
eam
cros
sing(
s) o
r po
nd en
tranc
e(s)
not
us
ed h
eavi
ly.
Alte
rnat
ive
wat
er si
tes
pres
ent.
Bank
s ung
raze
d or
gr
azed
infre
quen
tly.
Abu
ndan
t stre
amba
nk
or sh
ore l
ovin
g ve
geta
tion.
Gra
velly
or
cons
truct
ed st
able
liv
esto
ck st
ream
cr
ossin
g(s)
or w
ater
ing
ram
p(s)
. Or,
alte
rnat
ive
wat
er so
urce
s pre
sent
an
d cl
ose-
by.
Gul
ly
Mas
s mov
emen
t of
soil,
rock
, pla
nts,
and
othe
r deb
ris;
occu
rrenc
e of
la
ndsli
des,
debr
is av
alan
ches
, slu
mps
and
earth
flow
, cre
ep an
d de
bris
torre
nts.
Foun
d in
mou
ntai
nous
or v
ery
hilly
terra
in.
Gul
ly(s
) adv
anci
ng
upslo
pe cu
tting
long
er
chan
nel(s
). Re
vege
tatio
n di
fficu
lt w
ithou
t usin
g co
nstru
cted
stru
ctur
es
& li
vesto
ck ex
clus
ion;
co
ntin
uous
gul
ly(s
) w
ith m
any
finge
r-lik
e ex
tens
ions
into
the
hills
ide.
Gul
ly(s)
pre
sent
with
sc
atter
ed ac
tive e
rosio
n,
vege
tatio
n m
issin
g at
he
avy
use s
lope
s and
/or
on b
ed b
elow
ove
rfalls
. N
ew er
odin
g ch
anne
ls pr
esen
t and
new
ov
erfa
lls ap
pear
ing
alon
g sid
es an
d be
d of
m
ain ch
anne
l.
One
or m
ore
exist
ing
stabl
e gu
llies
pre
sent
, ve
geta
tion
cove
rs
gully
bot
tom
and
slo
pes w
ell;
no v
isual
sig
ns o
f act
ive
cutti
ng
at g
ully
hea
d or
side
s. So
me
soil
mov
ed in
ch
anne
l bot
tom
.
No
gulli
es; n
atur
al
drai
nage
way
s are
stab
le
gras
sed
chan
nels.
Sp
ring
or se
ep fe
d ba
re
chan
nels
are s
mal
l and
sta
ble,
ofte
n co
vere
d w
ith o
verh
angi
ng
vege
tatio
n.
Pa
stur
e C
ondi
tion
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e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
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ary
2019
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razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 2
1-3.
Pla
nt V
igor
or C
ausa
tive
Fact
ors
Plan
t Vig
or o
r C
ausa
tive
Fact
ors
Fact
or 1
Fa
ctor
2
Fact
or 3
Fa
ctor
4
Fact
or 5
Seve
rity
of u
se
All
desir
able
spec
ies
graz
ed o
ut. O
r no
graz
ing,
resu
lting
in
thatc
h an
d/or
stan
ding
de
ad ac
cum
ulat
ion
and
woo
dy in
vasio
n.
All
edib
le pl
ants
graz
ed
to lo
wes
t lev
el fe
asib
le by
the l
ives
tock
type
(m
own
lawn
look
). O
r, un
derg
raze
d - m
ostly
ste
mm
y ov
ergr
owth
an
d m
uch
dead
leaf
.
Spot
gra
zing
com
mon
. Eq
ual a
mou
nt o
f clo
se-
graz
ed a
nd li
ttle-
graz
ed a
reas
. Clo
se
graz
ed a
reas
are
graz
ed a
s low
as
lives
tock
can
graz
e (m
own
law
n lo
ok.)
Som
e spo
t gra
zing,
av
oide
d ar
eas p
rimar
ily
at d
ung
and
urin
e spo
ts.
Clos
er g
raze
d ar
eas a
re
not g
raze
d be
low
pr
oper
heig
ht n
eede
d fo
r plan
t vig
or.
Fora
ge sp
ecie
s gra
zed
with
in h
eigh
t ran
ges
that
pro
mot
e den
se
swar
d an
d ne
ar
max
imum
pro
duct
ion.
Site
ada
ptat
ion
of
desi
red
spec
ies
Prop
erly
pla
nted
and
esta
blish
ed (d
esire
d)
spec
ies a
re n
o lo
nger
pr
esen
t
Prop
erly
pla
nted
and
esta
blish
ed (d
esire
d)
spec
ies a
re n
early
go
ne. V
olun
teer
un
wan
ted
spec
ies
dom
inat
e.
One
or m
ore
prop
erly
pl
ante
d an
d es
tabl
ished
, or
recr
uite
d de
sired
sp
ecie
s are
miss
ing.
U
nwan
ted
spec
ies
inva
ding
.
Prop
erly
pla
nted
and
esta
blish
ed, o
r re
crui
ted
desir
ed
spec
ies s
till
repr
esen
ted,
but
not
in
the
desir
ed
prop
ortio
ns.
Prop
erly
pla
nted
and
esta
blish
ed, o
r re
crui
ted
desir
ed
spec
ies a
re p
rese
nt in
th
e de
sired
pr
opor
tions
.
Clim
atic
stre
sses
Brow
nout
from
dr
ough
t. O
r, fro
st he
aved
plan
ts, m
ost
with
seve
red
root
s and
dy
ing.
Or,
majo
r los
s du
e to
subm
erge
nce o
r ic
e she
ets.
Wilt
ed p
lant
s, lit
tle
reco
very
dur
ing
nigh
t. O
r, so
me
frost
heav
ed
plan
ts, re
cove
ry sl
ow.
Som
e sp
otty
stan
d lo
ss
due t
o su
bmer
genc
e or
ice
shee
ts.
Wilt
ing
durin
g he
at of
th
e day
. Or,
weak
plan
ts fro
m w
inter
dam
age o
r sh
ort-t
erm
su
bmer
genc
e. Or
, fre
ezin
g da
mag
e to
folia
ge.
Dry
cond
ition
s, bu
t no
wilt
ing.
Or,
abov
e or
belo
w n
orm
al te
mpe
ratu
res s
low
ing
grow
th. O
r, sli
ght l
eaf
yello
win
g du
e to
cold
, w
et co
nditi
ons.
No
clim
atic
stre
ss.
Inse
ct a
nd/o
r dis
ease
pr
essu
re
Seve
re in
sect
attac
k,
mor
tality
hig
h. O
r, di
seas
e cau
sed
mor
tality
hig
h.
Inse
ct o
r dis
ease
ou
tbre
ak a
t eco
nom
ic
thre
shol
d, tr
eat n
ow.
Inse
ct o
r dis
ease
ou
tbre
ak n
ear
econ
omic
thre
shol
d,
cont
inue
wat
ch a
nd
wei
gh o
ptio
ns fo
r tre
atm
ent.
Som
e in
sect
and
/or
dise
ase
pres
ent,
but
little
impa
ct o
n fo
rage
qua
lity
or
quan
tity.
No
visib
le d
amag
e.
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stur
e C
ondi
tion
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e (P
astu
re o
nly)
| 21
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ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Tab
le 5
-3 (f
rom
NR
PH 1
997)
. Sug
gest
ed re
sidu
al g
razi
ng h
eigh
ts fo
r maj
or p
astu
re fo
rage
sp
ecie
s 1 (f
rom
Bal
l, et
al.
1991
; Bar
nes,
et a
l 199
5; B
lase
r 198
6; C
hess
mor
e 19
79; H
ayes
196
6; S
erot
kin
1994
)
Past
ure
type
C
ontin
uous
ly st
ocke
d,
aver
age
heig
ht o
f pas
ture
(in
)
Rot
atio
nally
stoc
ked,
m
inim
um h
eigh
t at
rem
oval
(in)
Pred
omin
atel
y gr
ass
Bah
iagr
ass
1.5
to 3
2
Bah
iagr
ass-
legu
me
1
to 3
1
Com
mon
ber
mud
agra
ss
1.5
to 3
1
Ber
mud
agra
ss-w
hite
clo
ver
1 to
3
1 H
ybrid
ber
mud
agra
ss
3 to
6
2 K
entu
cky
blue
gras
s 2
to 3
1
to 2
K
. blu
egra
ss-w
hite
clo
ver
2 to
3
1 B
rom
egra
ss, s
moo
th 2
4 to
5
2 to
3
Orc
hard
gras
s 4
to 5
2
to 3
O
rcha
rdgr
ass-
Ladi
no c
love
r 2
to 4
2
Ree
d ca
nary
gras
s 2, 3
—
—
2 to
3 4/
Rye
gras
s 2
to 3
1
to 2
R
yegr
ass-
whi
te o
r Lad
ino
clov
er
1.5
to 3
1
to 2
Sw
itchg
rass
3 —
—
6 to
8 4/
Tall
fesc
ue
4 to
5
2 to
3
Tall
fesc
ue-L
adin
o cl
over
2.
5 to
4
1.5
Win
ter s
mal
l gra
ins
3 to
6
3
Pred
omin
atel
y le
gum
e
Alfa
lfa 3
——
1
to 3
5/
Arr
owle
af c
love
r 2
to 4
2
Ber
seem
clo
ver 3
——
3
to 4
B
irdsf
oot t
refo
il, p
rost
rate
type
3 —
—
1 to
2
Bird
sfoo
t tre
foil,
upr
ight
type
3 —
—
2 to
3
Crim
son
clov
er
2 to
4
2 La
dino
or w
hite
clo
ver
1 to
4
2 Le
sped
eza
3 —
—
3 R
ed c
love
r 3 —
—
2 R
ose
clov
er
2 to
4
2 Su
bter
rane
an c
love
r 1
to 3
1
1
Hei
ghts
giv
en a
re th
ose
to m
aint
ain
stan
d vi
gor a
nd lo
ngev
ity. G
reat
er h
eigh
ts m
ay b
e ne
eded
to m
aint
ain
prop
er in
take
for c
erta
in li
vest
ock
type
s and
cla
sses
. 2
M
ust b
e gr
azed
bef
ore
join
ting
occu
rs o
r allo
wed
to m
atur
e fo
r hay
and
afte
rmat
h gr
azed
. 3
N
ot re
com
men
ded
for c
ontin
uous
stoc
ked
past
ure
use;
incl
udes
gra
zing
type
alfa
lfa.
4
Stub
ble
heig
ht la
rgel
y di
ctat
ed b
y st
iff st
ems d
isco
urag
ing
low
er d
efol
iatio
n.
5
Stub
ble
heig
ht o
f 3 in
ches
for o
verw
inte
r pro
tect
ion.
Gra
zing
type
ben
efits
mor
e fro
m
resi
dual
stub
ble
heig
ht d
urin
g th
e gr
owin
g se
ason
than
doe
s a h
ay ty
pe.
From
the
Nat
iona
l Ran
ge a
nd P
astu
re H
andb
ook,
199
7.
Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e (R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
22-1
Janu
ary
2019
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razi
ng L
and
On-
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Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e (R
ange
land
Onl
y)
22.1
Ove
rvie
w
This
cha
pter
cov
ers t
he c
olle
ctio
n of
info
rmat
ion
rela
ting
to sa
gebr
ush
shap
e.
22.2
Wha
t’s N
ew
• Si
x ne
w p
lant
s hav
e be
en a
dded
to th
e lis
t of
twen
ty-tw
o pl
ants
for w
hich
sage
brus
h sh
ape
data
ar
e co
llect
ed. A
tabl
e lis
ting
the
twen
ty-e
ight
sa
gebr
ush
plan
ts (a
nd th
eir a
ssoc
iate
d sy
nony
ms)
is
pro
vide
d in
sect
ion
22.5
.2.
• U
pdat
e of
sect
ion
22.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for D
ata
Col
lect
ion
to re
flect
upd
ates
to la
nd c
over
/use
co
des i
n C
hapt
er 6
.
22.3
Cri
tical
Poi
nts t
o R
emem
ber
• Sh
ape
is d
eter
min
ed fo
r tw
o ca
tego
ries (
colu
mna
r or
spre
adin
g).
• Sh
ape
is o
bser
ved
for e
ach
3-ft
Mrk
that
falls
w
ithin
a v
ertic
ally
-pro
ject
ed p
erim
eter
of a
sa
gebr
ush’
s can
opy
crow
n.
• Sh
ape
is d
eter
min
ed o
nly
for s
ageb
rush
that
hav
e at
leas
t one
livi
ng b
ranc
h. D
o no
t in
clud
e de
ad sa
gebr
ush
plan
ts in
this
pro
toco
l.
22.4
Pre
limin
ary
Step
s
22.4
.1 C
ondi
tions
for
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n •
For t
he n
on-F
eder
al p
astu
re o
r ran
ge sa
mpl
es, s
ageb
rush
shap
e da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r no
n-Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge.
• Fo
r the
BLM
rang
e sa
mpl
e, sa
gebr
ush
shap
e da
ta a
re d
ocum
ente
d fo
r BLM
- man
aged
Fe
dera
l poi
nts w
ith la
nd c
over
/use
200
1 G
rass
land
def
ined
as r
ange
or 2
201
Scru
b Sh
rub
defin
ed a
s ran
ge.
22.4
.2 A
ncill
ary
Res
ourc
es
No
spec
ific
mat
eria
ls a
re n
eede
d to
com
plet
e da
ta c
olle
ctor
info
rmat
ion.
22.5
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n Pr
oced
ure
for
Sage
brus
h Sh
ape
22.5
.1 D
efin
ition
s C
anop
y pe
rim
eter
. A c
ontin
uous
line
dra
wn
arou
nd th
e ed
ge o
f the
sage
brus
h pl
ant s
uch
that
the
max
imum
pos
sibl
e ar
ea is
enc
lose
d.
Sage
brus
h Sh
ape:
Des
crib
e th
e sa
gebr
ush
plan
t as p
redo
min
atel
y co
lum
nar o
r spr
eadi
ng u
sing
Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e (R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
22-2
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
the
prov
ided
site
gui
de a
s a re
fere
nce:
22.5
.2 P
roce
dure
C
hara
cter
izat
ion
of sh
ape
will
be
for p
lant
s lis
ted
in T
able
22-
1:
1.
Are
ther
e an
y sa
gebr
ush
liste
d ab
ove
that
are
gro
win
g al
ong
the
trans
ects
?
• If
no, s
elec
t 00
- All
Non
e un
der S
hape
in th
e C
ASI
. The
pro
toco
l is c
ompl
ete.
•
If ye
s, co
mpl
ete
step
s 2 a
nd 3
.
2.
Star
t at t
he z
ero
(0.0
) end
of t
he N
E-SW
tran
sect
(tra
nsec
t 1).
The
CA
SI w
ill d
efau
lt to
this
tra
nsec
t at M
rk 0
.
• A
lway
s sta
nd o
n th
e so
uth
side
of t
he tr
anse
cts t
o av
oid
dist
urbi
ng th
e m
easu
rem
ent a
rea.
•
The
line
shou
ld b
e ta
ut a
nd p
lace
d as
clo
se to
the
grou
nd a
s pos
sibl
e.
3.
Det
erm
ine
the
pred
omin
ant s
hape
(col
umna
r or s
prea
ding
) of t
he li
sted
sage
brus
h w
hose
ve
rtica
lly-p
roje
cted
can
opy
perim
eter
is in
terc
epte
d by
Mrk
0 (t
here
afte
r eve
ry 3
.0 ft
; 0.0
, 3.
0, 6
.0, .
. . ,
150
.0).
The
shap
e de
sign
atio
n fo
r adj
acen
t Mrk
s may
be
from
the
sam
e sa
gebr
ush
plan
t. C
hoos
e sh
ape
base
d on
the
talle
r pla
nt w
hen
mor
e th
an o
ne c
anop
y in
terc
epts
the
Mrk
.
4.
Sele
ct th
e sa
gebr
ush
shap
e fr
om th
e ch
oice
list
:
• 0
- Non
e (if
no
liste
d sa
gebr
ush
cano
py p
erim
eter
is in
terc
epte
d by
the
Mrk
) •
1 - C
olum
nar
• 2
- Spr
eadi
ng
5.
Sele
ct th
e sa
gebr
ush
spec
ies o
r sub
spec
ies f
rom
the
choi
ce li
st.
6.
Rep
eat f
or th
e N
W-S
E tra
nsec
t (tra
nsec
t 2).
Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e (R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
22-3
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Sym
bol
Scie
ntifi
c N
ame
Com
mon
nam
e AR
AR8
Arte
misi
a ar
busc
ula
little
sage
brus
h AR
ARA
Arte
misi
a ar
busc
ula
ssp.
arb
uscu
la
little
sage
brus
h AR
ARA
Arte
misi
a tr
iden
tata
ssp.
arb
uscu
la
AR
ARA
Serip
hidi
um a
rbus
culu
m
AR
ARL
Arte
misi
a ar
busc
ula
ssp.
long
iloba
lit
tle sa
gebr
ush
ARAR
L Ar
tem
isia
arbu
scul
a va
r. lo
ngilo
ba
AR
ARL
Arte
misi
a lo
ngilo
ba
AR
ARL
Arte
misi
a sp
icifo
rmis
var.
long
iloba
ARAR
L Se
riphi
dium
arb
uscu
lum
ssp.
long
ilobu
m
AR
ARL3
Ar
tem
isia
arbu
scul
a ss
p. lo
ngic
aulis
lit
tle sa
gebr
ush
ARAR
T Ar
tem
isia
arbu
scul
a ss
p. th
erm
opol
a lit
tle sa
gebr
ush
ARBI
3 Ar
tem
isia
bige
lovi
i Bi
gelo
w sa
ge
ARCA
13
Arte
misi
a ca
na
silve
r sag
ebru
sh
ARCA
B3
Arte
misi
a ca
na ss
p. b
olan
deri
silve
r sag
ebru
sh
ARCA
B3
Arte
misi
a bo
land
eri
AR
CAB3
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. b
olan
deri
AR
CAB3
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta v
ar. b
olan
deri
AR
CAB3
Se
riphi
dium
can
um ss
p. b
olan
deri
AR
CAC5
Ar
tem
isia
cana
ssp.
cana
sil
ver s
ageb
rush
AR
CAC5
Ar
tem
isia
cana
var
. can
a
ARCA
C5
Serip
hidi
um c
anum
ARCA
V2
Arte
misi
a ca
na ss
p. v
isci
dula
sil
ver s
ageb
rush
AR
CAV2
Ar
tem
isia
argi
losa
ARCA
V2
Arte
misi
a ca
na v
ar. v
iscid
ula
AR
CAV2
Se
riphi
dium
can
um ss
p. v
iscid
ulum
ARFR
4 Ar
tem
isia
frig
ida
prai
rie sa
gew
ort
ARN
O4
Arte
misi
a no
va
blac
k sa
gebr
ush
ARN
O4
Arte
misi
a ar
busc
ula
var.
nova
ARN
O4
Arte
misi
a ar
busc
ula
ssp.
nov
a
ARN
O4
Arte
misi
a no
va v
ar. d
uche
snic
ola
AR
NO
4 Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. n
ova
AR
NO
4 Se
riphi
dium
nov
um
AR
PA16
Ar
tem
isia
papp
osa
Ow
yhee
sage
AR
PE6
Arte
misi
a pe
datif
ida
bird
foot
sage
brus
h AR
PE6
Olig
ospo
rus p
edat
ifidu
s
ARPY
2 Ar
tem
isia
pygm
aea
pygm
y sa
gebr
ush
ARPY
2 Se
riphi
dium
pyg
mae
um
AR
RI2
Arte
misi
a rig
ida
scab
land
sage
brus
h
Tab
le 2
2-1.
Pla
nts o
n Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e ch
oice
list
. (Sy
nony
ms a
re n
ot li
sted
in b
old
font
.)
Sa
gebr
ush
Shap
e (R
ange
land
Onl
y) |
22-4
Janu
ary
2019
G
razi
ng L
and
On-
Site
Dat
a C
olle
ctio
n H
andb
ook
of In
stru
ctio
ns
Sym
bol
Scie
ntifi
c N
ame
Com
mon
nam
e
ARRI
2 Ar
tem
isia
trifi
da v
ar. r
igid
a
ARRI
2 Se
riphi
dium
rigi
dum
ARTR
2 Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta
big
sage
brus
h AR
TRP2
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. p
aris
hii
big
sage
brus
h AR
TRP2
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta v
ar. p
arish
ii
ARTR
P2
Serip
hidi
um tr
iden
tatu
m ss
p. p
arish
ii
ARTR
S2
Arte
misi
a tr
iden
tata
ssp.
spic
iform
is bi
g sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
S2
Arte
misi
a sp
icifo
rmis
AR
TRS2
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta v
ar. s
pici
form
is
ARTR
T Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. tr
iden
tata
ba
sin b
ig sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
T Ar
tem
isia
angu
sta
AR
TRT
Arte
misi
a tr
iden
tata
var
. ang
ustif
olia
ARTR
T Se
riphi
dium
trid
enta
tum
ARTR
V Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. v
asey
ana
mou
ntai
n bi
g sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
V Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta v
ar. p
auci
flora
ARTR
V Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta v
ar. v
asey
ana
AR
TRV
Arte
misi
a va
seya
na
AR
TRV
Serip
hidi
um tr
iden
tatu
m ss
p. v
asey
anum
ARTR
V Se
riphi
dium
vas
eyan
um
AR
TRW
8 Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. w
yom
inge
nsis
Wyo
min
g bi
g sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
W8
Arte
misi
a tr
iden
tata
var
. wyo
min
gens
is
ARTR
W8
Serip
hidi
um tr
iden
tatu
m ss
p.
wyo
min
gens
e
ARTR
X Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. x
eric
ensi
s bi
g sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
4 Ar
tem
isia
trip
artit
a th
reet
ip sa
gebr
ush
ARTR
R2
Arte
misi
a tr
ipar
tita
ssp.
rupi
cola
W
yom
ing
thre
etip
sage
brus
h AR
TRR2
Ar
tem
isia
trip
artit
a va
r. ru
pico
la
AR
TRT2
Ar
tem
isia
trip
artit
a ss
p. tr
ipar
tita
thre
etip
sage
brus
h AR
TRT2
Ar
tem
isia
trifi
da
AR
TRT2
Ar
tem
isia
trid
enta
ta ss
p. tr
ifida
ARTR
T2
Serip
hidi
um tr
ipar
titum
PIDE
4 Pi
crot
ham
nus d
eser
toru
m
bud
sage
brus
h PI
DE4
Arte
misi
a sp
ines
cens
SPAR
2 Sp
haer
omer
ia a
rgen
tea
silve
r chi
cken
sage
SP
AR2
Tana
cetu
m n
utta
llii
