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GravityPhysical Science Section 3.2
Gravity All objects have a gravitational attraction for
all other objects Law of Gravitation- Any two masses exert
an attractive force on each other Attractive force depends on
Mass of each object and distance between objects
Greater mass = greater attraction
Gravity Closer together= greater attraction Gravity is a long range force
The attraction between 2 objects NEVER entirely disappears
Force of gravity near Earth’s surface F = m x 9.8 m/s2
Free Fall- When an object is influenced only by the force of gravity
Gravity Greater mass = greater inertia, so even
with more attraction to the earth, objects fall at the same rate
Gravity pulls you toward the floor The floor exerts an equal upward force on you,
preventing you from falling
Weight- gravitational force exerted on an object
Gravity Travel away from earth = increase in
distance Increasing distance = decrease in gravitational
attraction Weight would decrease. Mass would be the
same
Astronauts- constantly falling toward the earth at the same rate as the space shuttle
Gravity Projectiles- Objects thrown or shot through
the air Horizontal and vertical velocities Horizontal- force that sets object in motion Vertical- gravity
Dropping item off a cliff and shooting item off a cliff will result in both items falling in the same amount of time Same vertical distance and pull of gravity
Gravity Acceleration toward center of a circle-
centripetal acceleration Centripetal force- A force acting on an
object in a direction toward the center of a curve
Satellites orbit the Earth because Earth’s gravity exerts a centripetal force on the satellite