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Graphing
Parts of a Graph• Title – What is the graph about?• X- axis – usually the Independent variable (what is
being compared or changed) WITH UNITS
• Y- axis – usually the Dependent variable
(what is being measured – the numbers) WITH UNITS
• Data – information being observed
Bar Graphs• Used when data is a one time measurement.
This means that each variable is not measured continuously. (Qualitative)
• Used to compare different types of events or ideas in the same conditions.
• Examples: Activities vs. participants, light conditions vs. plant growth.
Data Table for Bar Graph
After School Activities
Number of Students
Watch TV 40
Talk on the phone 50
Hang out with friends 38
Complete homework 16
Earn money 35
Line Graphs• Used to show patterns and trends over a period of
time. (Quantitative)• Connects the data points to help show those
changes.
• Examples: Temperature changes, population growths
Data Table for Line Graph
Average RainfallTime (Months)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Rainfall (mL)
15 21 28 24 16 8 2 1 3
Comparative Line Graphs• Used to compare two or more sets of data.
• These graphs will have the same labels, but different sets of data on them. Each different data set needs to be in its own color with a legend.
• Examples: Comparing the average temperature for each month over a few years, a student’s grades in four subjects throughout their junior high experiences.
Data Table for Comparative Line
GraphYear 1967 1977 1987 1997 2007
# of Females
100 250 300 600 650
# of Males 650 750 700 600 550
Number of Science Majors in College
Circle Graphs• Used to illustrate different parts of a whole unit.
• The graph is usually color coordinated with a legend, and the percent of each unit written in the graph.
• Examples: Number of blue, green or brown eyed students in the class, amount of spending money in a family budget.
Graph this data
Day 1 2 3 4 5
Total Growth of plant
4 cm 6 cm 10 cm 11 cm 13 cm
Graph this data
• An experiment was performed to measure the pH level of the soil when a plant was given different levels of light to grow.
• Different light levels were accomplished by placing mesh screens over the light source. (more screens=darker)
• Set up a graph and label the x-axis and y-axis of the graph.
Graph this data
• The following data was collected for the previous experiment. 2 plants were used for each light level.
Light Level Plant # pH of soil
0 screens 1 6.5
2 6.1
2 screens 1 6.9
2 7.5
4 screens 1 7.3
2 7.7