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Grammar Assessment

1.Eko Mulyono S2001400532.Noktavivanh S. S200140054

Definition The important of Grammar

Assessing Grammar

Test formats Recognition Production Warning

Reason Formative vs summative

References

StartDefinition

What is Grammar?

Crystal (1995) says it is "... that branch of the description of language which accounts for the way in which words combine to form sentences.”

“English grammar is chiefly a system of syntax, that decides the order and patterns in which words are arranged into sentences.” (Close, 1982)

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StartThe Important of Grammar

Why assessing grammar?

1. Linguistics or communicative competence?2. Structures or functions?3. Usage or use?4. Prescriptive or descriptive?

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1. Assessment is another fundamental aspect of teaching. 2. Assessment can help you determine a student's proficiency

in a language. 3. Using assessment can help to identify the strengths and

weaknesses a learner has. 4. Teachers also need to use constant assessment to

determine how well students are comprehending the material that has been covered or how much information they picked up from a specific course.

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5. Assessment and evaluation are not the same yet they are closely related. 6. Assessment relates to individual student learning. It is the act of collecting information and making judgments on a language learner’s knowledge of language and ability to use it.7. Evaluation refers to a broader term concerning a collection and interpretation of information relating to the value of an entire course or program for the reach of specific functions or goals.

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A. Diagnosing students strengths and weaknesses.

B. Deciding what to and what not to teach next. C. Giving students feedback. D. Seeing students progress. E. Handing students a final grade.

Reasons to assess:

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StartFormative assessment and

Summative assessment

Formative

Summative

on going process

at the end of learning

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• Authentic assessment is another way to check for students' understanding of grammatical rules. For example, they might be asked to take a newspaper article and make corrections or improvements.

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Recognition Production

For students to identify errors in a given context.

For students to show communicative skills.

⃝C Multiple choice items ⃝C Error-recognition ⃝C Items True/False ⃝C Pairing and matching items

⃝C Completion items ⃝C Paraphrase ⃝C Editing⃝C Sentence transformation

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StartIMPORTANT

• The use of grammatical terms should preferably be avoided in the instructions.

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Choose the correct tense forms

I opened the window. The rain (1)______but the wind (2)________.

A) (1) had stopped, (2) was blowing B) (1) has stopped, (2) is blowing C) (1) was stopped, (2) was blowing D) (1) stopped, (2) is blowing E) (1) stopped, (2) was blowing

Examples

Choose the most appropriate option.

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StartMultiple Choice

Fill in the blank using a word from the box.

John usually ______from Monday to Friday

a. works b. worked c. has worked d. is working

⃝C They can be tricky or too picky ⃝C Difficult to test attitudes towards learning ⃝C Knowledge is limited to options provided ⃝C Difficult to construct at higher levels ⃝C Encourages guessing (25% chance) ⃝C More than one option may be possible⃝C All options must be grammatically possible

Magdalena, J.

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I enjoyed study linguistics at University and now I’ve enrolled at the English A B C D

Education Faculty.

1. Helps test takers to learn to analyze structures and grammar patterns. 2. They are also an effective means of learning new vocabulary.

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StartTrue/False

• Is this sentences true or false?“He works from Monday to Friday”

Does not demonstrate broader knowledge Difficult to construct in higher levels Encourages guessing due to 50/50 chance Difficult to test attitudes toward learning

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• This type of item usually consists of a short conversation: e.g. a stimulus in the form of a statement or question followed by a response often in the form of a statement. It is used to test the ability to select appropriate responses to stimuli which would be presented orally in normal everyday situations.

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• Column 1 Letter Column 2• Doing to see a film tonight? ……. A. No, I didn’t.• How was the film? ……. B. Most are, I think.• I can’t stand war film, can you? ……. C. It’s one of the reasons.• So you went to the cinema. ……. D. I had a lot of work to do.• Don’t you find war films too violent? ……. E. Actually, I quite like them.• Have you ever seen a Japanese war film? ……. F. Yes, I probably will.• I like war films. ……. G. No, I haven’t.• Is everyone going to see the film? ……. H. What a good idea! I prefer them

to war films. • What about going to see a cowboy film instead? ……. I. So do I.• Why didn’t you come with us to see the film? ……. J. All right. Nothing special.• Is that why you don’t like war films? ……. K. Not really, I quite like them.

Example

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A context must be provided so students identify functions.

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John is a doctor (Is John a doctor?)1. More than one option may be possible

2. It may be too mechanical. Add elements to make them realistic.

3. It is limited in the provision of context 4. Few aspects might be assessed (passive,

reported, comparatives, conditionals…)

Completion

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• Paraphrase items require the students to write a sentence equivalent in meaning to one that is given. It is helpful to give part of the paraphrase in order to restrict the students to the grammatical structure being tested.

• For example: Testing passive, past continuous form.• When we arrived, a policeman was questioning the bank

clerk.• When we arrived, the bank clerk………………..

Paraphrase

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John usually working from Monday to Friday 1. Tests recognition of mistakes2. Can also test production through corrections3. More than one correction may be possible4. Mistakes must be grammatically possible

Backwash may be negative 5. Context is essential

Editing

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Complete sentense using the appropiate form of the word in parentheses.

John is a doctor. He ______(work) in a hospital.

⃝C More than one option may be possible⃝C Clues will limit the answers⃝C Difficult to test attitudes towards learning⃝C Some context may be added ⃝C Instructions are essential⃝C Few aspects might be assessed (passive, reported, comparatives, conditionals…)

Magdalena, J.

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START QUIS

INTERACTIVE QUIS

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A

B

C

DX

Congratulation !! Correct Answer !! Click here to continue

Andi Warbol was _____in the Pop Art movement who was known for his multi-image silk-screen painting.

• A leading figure

• That one of a leading figure

• Leading figures

• Who leads figures

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A

CB

D XCongratulation !! Correct Answer !! Click here to continue

For at least 4.000 years, Native American Artists A

adorned rocks, cliff walls, and caves in the American B Southwest with an amazing various of symbolic

C figures. D

• Various

• Caves

• Figures

• At least

StartReferences

1. Crystal, David. 1995. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of The English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2. Magdalenda, Jonathan. (W/D). Testing grammar.

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Presented ByEko Mulyono

Noktavivanh S.

© 2015www.pascaums.ac.id

Thank you