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GRADUATE INSTRUCTION AND RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY AT BOLOGNA UNIVERSITY

Report for 2010 and 2011

The Department

The present booklet outlines research activities and teaching curricula as they were car-ried out in our Astronomy Department in the past two years. More detailed information on available facilities (telescopes, library, museum, research projects, course contents, as well as personal information about staff members) can be found on our Web pages (http://www.astronomia.unibo.it)

1.Introduction

The official foundation date of the University of Bologna (also known as “Alma Mater”) is 1088. Existing documents certify that a doctoral degree was award-ed in Bologna that year. Astronomy has been one of the Sciences taught for the last seven centuries at our University. Several distinguished astronomers were, for a time, associated with Bologna, notably Copernicus while a student, and Cassini as a professor. Modern Astronomy, as everywhere else in Italy, really started after the Second World War. In those difficult years Guido Horn d’Arturo designed and built the first “multi mirror” telescope, and the resulting 1.2 m transit instrument was operational for almost a decade in the old astro-nomical tower known as “La Specola” (see front and back cover pictures). The Astronomy Department, founded in 1983, moved about fifteen years ago from the old building (now a University museum), to the present address.

FIG1: Medicina radio tele-scopes (left), Loiano optical telescope (right)

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In 2010 the Department faculty was composed by 6 full professors, 6 associ-ate professors, 9 assistant professors, 1 professor Emeritus, and 1 Alma Mater professor. Clerical and technical staff amount to 10 people.

The Department is committed to front line scientific research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, and it is also respon-sible for preserving and open to schol-ars and to the public two precious tes-timonials of our historical heritage: the Museum and the Library. The faculty teaches undergraduate introductory Astronomy courses and advanced hon-our courses leading to a degree in As-tronomy. Some of the faculty are mem-bers of the Graduate Science School board leading to a PhD degree, or are

also involved in outreach activities and lectures for the general public, carried out in close collaboration with the INAF institutes.

Clerical staff manages the Department budget and funds from grants and con-tracts awarded to individual scientists. Technical staff maintains and updates computers and labs equipment, contribute to the construction of specific instru-ments and experiments, and implement safety regulations.

In these years, restrictions to the national budget related to the economy crisis have limited the fundings and the replacement of retired staff. As a consequence our best students often had to find jobs abroad with a gradual depletion of the Italian astronomical community. However, thanks to individual efforts, the De-partment of Astronomy scores among the top ones in our University and in the country as a whole, for scientific production and quality. A new Law - come into effect in January 2011 - imposes a minimum number (45) of scientific staff members in order to maintain a department, therefore in 2012 the Department of Astronomy will join the Department of Physics into the new Department of Physics and Astronomy.

Loretta Gregorini, Head of the Department

2. Courses in Astrophysics and PhD Program

Courses offered at the Department of Astronomy cover the basics of almost all modern astronomy and astrophysics. The research themes of individual scien-tists, however, focus on a few well identified subjects:

- Stars: including star formation, evolution and stellar environment, end-points of stellar evolution, star clusters.

FIG2: Prof. G. Horn d’Arturo and his experimental “multi mirror” telescope.

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- Galaxies: as single galaxies with Active Nuclei (AGNs), galaxy formation and dynamics, galaxies in groups and clusters. These studies span the whole of the electromagnetic spectrum from Radio to Gamma Rays. - Cosmology: main interests focus on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the distribution of Galaxies and the Cosmic Tapestry.

The Faculty teaches courses of Astronomy in the undergraduate preparatory courses (Laurea), as well as the courses in the two following years at a Mas-ter’s level (Laurea Magistrale). The Department is also part of the PhD Sci-ence School (which includes Mathematics, Physics, Geophysics and Astronomy) which gives admission exams, and awards three year fellowship to selected PhD applicants. Internal courses as well a participation to nationally organized courses for graduate students are also part of the requirements. All seminars are in English, and PhD dissertations are also written in English. Detailed information on course contents at all levels can be found in www.astronomia.unibo.it. The Department is responsible for preserving and open to scholars and the interested public two precious testimonial of our historical heritage: the Museum (prof. F. Bonoli, Director) and the Library. A small but very active research group in the history of astronomy is present. Connected to it is the vig-orous programme of public outreach annually carried out in close collaboration with INAF-OABO.

3. Closely related research opportunitiesIn addition to our Department, three institutes of the National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF, http://www.inaf.it) are present in Bologna: the Astronomi-cal Observatory (INAF-OABO, http://www.bo.astro.it) traditionally focused on optical Astronomy, the Radio Astronomy Institute (INAF-IRA, http://www.ira.inaf.it), and the Space Astrophysics and Cosmic Physics Institute (INAF-IASF, http://www.iasfbo.inaf.it). OABO, originally a University Institute, still shares the building and many facilities with the Department. We encourage our stu-dents to take advantage of the research opportunities available in the area of Bologna. For this purpose there is very close collaboration between the Depart-ment and the Departments of Physics, Mathematics and the INAF institutes. INAF scientists actively contribute to the supervision of Laurea thesis neces-sary to complete the advanced degree in Astronomy. An even tighter collabora-tion exists on PhD thesis projects.

Scientific staff, post docs, and research students access to several ground-based telescopes of ESO and important radio telescopes as ALMA (ESO),VLA (USA), GMRT (India) and the global VLBI arrays. Moreover single dish observations are possible at Italian radio telescopes (Medicina and Noto). Collaborations are active in the development of the project for the Square Kilometer Array and its pathfinders (LOFAR, in NL, ASKAP in Australia, MerKat in South Africa). Finally, several staff members have access to major space missions, such as XMM, Space Telescope, Planck, Spitzer, Chandra, Herschel, Fermi, Swift, Su-zaku, Integral, and more.

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4.Personnel4.1 Faculty

Full professors: Andrea Cimatti, Luca Ciotti, Francesco Ferraro, Gabriele Giovannini, Loretta Gregorini, Bruno Marano, Giorgio Palumbo (Alma Mater Professor), Giancarlo Setti (Professor Emeritus)Associate professors: Corrado Bartolini, Fabrizio Bonoli, Fabrizio Brighenti, Daniele Dallacasa, Adriano Guarnieri, Lauro MoscardiniAssistant professors: Emanuele Dalessandro, Paola Focardi, Filippo Fraternali, Barbara Lanzoni, Alessio Mucciarelli, Carlo Nipoti, Silvia Pellegrini, Francesca Pozzi, Cristian VignaliContracts: Benton R. Metcalf

4.2 Graduate Students

XXII cycle: Annalisa Bonafede, Rodrigo Contreras, Graziano Coppa, Matteo Correnti, An-namaria Donnarumma, Sara Fabbri, Vincenzo Guido, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Sil-via Marinoni, John Morgan,Sibilla Perina, Francesca Pieralli, Simona Righini, Gina Santangelo, Francesco TombesiXXIII cycle: : Damien Castagne`, Cristiano De Boni, Valentina Fioretti, Margherita Giustini, Daria Guidetti, Matteo Lombini, Elisabeta Lusso, Giulia Macario, Federico Mari-nacci, Michele Moresco, Pietro Parisi, Eleonora Torresi, Rashmi VermaXXIV cycle: Fabio Bellagamba, Gabriele Bruni, Massimo Gaspari, Ylenia Maruccia, Maria Ida Moretti, Francesca SchiavonXXV cycle: Gabriele Guglielmino, Carmela Lardo, Loredana Lovisi, Antonino Marasco, Margherita Talia, Victor CervantesXXVI cycle: Paolo Donati, Andrea Giannetti, Alessandra Giannuzzi, Diego Molinari, Cris-tina Pallanca, Fernanda Petracca XXVII cycle: Iary Davidzon, Ivan Delvecchio, Davide Massari, Tatiana Muraveva, Andrea Negri, Silvia Posacki, Alessandro Romeo, Fabio Vito

4.3 Post-Docs

Alessandro Baldi, Annalisa Bonafede, Carmelita Carbone, Rossella Cassano, Michele Cignoni, Rodrigo Contreras, Daniela Crociani, Barbara De Marco, Sara Fabbri, Cosimo Fedeli, Myriam Gitti, Ruta Kale, Elisabeta Lusso, Fed-erico Marulli, Paolo Miocchi, Michele Moresco, Giovanni Naldi, Monica Orienti, Rosita Paladino, Mario Pasquato, Margarita Petkova, Piero Ranalli, Donatella Romano, Mauro Roncarelli, Nicoletta Sanna, Laura Schreiber

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4.4 Technical Staff

Giuseppe Cosentino [optical laboratory], Michele Bertelli [computer center], Diego Zuccato [computer center], Raffaella Stasi [library], Fausto Sarti [custo-dian]. Contracts: Emanuel Rossetti

4.5 Clerical Staff

Silvana Chiarini [missions and purchases], Filomena Mazzone [missions and purchases], Giulia De Michele [student office], Francesca Manuli [administra-tion head], Silvia Rambaldi [finances and contracts]

5. Areas of Research5.1 Stars and Stellar populationsStaff involved: C. Bartolini, E. Dalessandro, A. Guarnieri, F.R. Ferraro, B. Lan-zoni, A. Mucciarelli, C. Nipoti

Stars are the basic constituents of stellar systems, and the main components of the visible Universe. Bologna has a long tradition in the study of stars and stellar populations. Current studies are mainly focused on blue stragglers and neutron stars, binary stars, open clusters, structure and dynamics of globular clusters, stellar populations, gamma-ray bursts. In particular, the systematic study of resolved stellar populations in the Local Universe (both in galactic and extragalactic globular clusters, and in nearby Local Group galaxies) is a very active research field in our Department. Specific interests range from the na-ture of exotic stellar populations (like blue straggler stars, millisecond pulsars, X-ray binaries, gamma ray burst), to the physics of stellar mass loss, the forma-tion history of the Milky Way, the properties of variable stars and the stellar chemical abundances in nearby galaxies. These studies have been carried out by using the most recent generation of astronomical instruments, both from space (HST, ISO, Spitzer, GALEX, Chandra), and mounted at large ground-based telescopes (VLT, LBT, Keck, NTT, TNG, etc).

FIG3: Cosmic-Lab: BSS as test par-ticles (from [83])– Top-left Panel: [O/Fe] ratio as a function of [C/Fe] for the measured blue stragglers (BSS; black dots) and SGB stars (gray dots) in the globular cluster M4. The dashed box marks the locus of CO-depleted BSS discovered in 47Tuc (Ferraro et al. 2006). No evidence of CO-depletion has been found in M4. Bottom-left Panel: BSS ro-tational velocity distribution in M4, showing that 40% of them rotates at more than 50 km/s. This is the larg-est fraction of fast rotating BSS ever found in a GC. Right Panel: colour-magnitude diagrams of M4 showing the location of the measured BSS (large black dots) and with the fast rotating BSS highlighted as large triangles.

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5.2 Galaxies and ISMStaff involved: F. Brighenti, A. Cimatti, L. Ciotti, P. Focardi, F. Fraternali, C. Ni-poti, S. Pellegrini

Galaxies are studied in Bologna from different points of view, with emphasis on observations (es-pecially in the X and optical band), numeri-cal simulations (hydro-dynamics of the ISM, BH feedback, N-body simulations), and ana-lytical methods (stellar dynamics and related fields). The main area of research are the dy-namics, structure, scal-ing laws, formation and evolution of ellipti-cal and spiral galaxies. Dynamical studies are strongly supported by state-of-the-art N-body simulations. The effect of the environment in

galaxy properties is analyzed on large and homogeneously selected samples. Researches focused on fluidodynamics (also conducted with the aid of hydrody-namical simulations) concern the behavior and modelization of central BHs and feedback, galaxy groups and environmental effects, ISM (X, HI), cooling flows, thermal conduction in multiphase media and extraplanar gas in disk galaxies. Finally, Modified Netwonian gravity is also studied from the theoretical and numerical point of view.

FIG4: Cosmic-Lab: MSP as test particles (from [130]) – Left Pan-el: deep HST/WFC3 image of the 4”x4” region around the radio position (green cross) of the mil-lisecond pulsar J1824−2452H in the globular cluster M28. The solid circle and red arrow indicate the star (COM-M28H) identified as the companion to the MSP. It lies at <0.2” from the MSP and at ~0.4” from the as-sociated X-ray source (dashed circle). Middle Panel: light curve of COM-M28H, showing an op-tical variability well correlated with the MSP orbital period, thus confirming its association. Right Panel: absolute colour-magni-tude diagram of the optical com-panions to MSPs discovered so far in GCs: only 7 objects in 6 clusters. The coloured dots in-dicate those discovered by our group (4 out of 7), with COM-M28H highlighted in red.

FIG5: Chandra color com-posite image of the S0 gal-axy NGC1291 (red: 0.3–1.0 keV, green: 1.0–2.0 keV, blue: 2.0–8.0 keV). The cross sym-bol shows the center of the galaxy, the cyan and magenta ellipses outline the bulge and ring regions (Luo et al. 2012, ApJ, 749,130).

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5.3 Observational studies of Quasars and AGNStaff involved: D. Dallacasa, G. Giovannini, L. Gregorini, S. Pellegrini, F. Pozzi, C. Vignali

The presence in the Bologna area of the three INAF-Institutes specialized in Optical, Radio and Space Astronomy strongly favoured the synergy among vari-ous astronomical branch-es. Single Galaxies and Quasars are studied at all wavelengths. Exten-sive surveys are made in order to identify the sources of the diffused X-Ray background. Ac-cretion mechanisms are studied at radio, infrared, and X-ray wavelengths in order to understand the complex physics of Black Holes up to high red-shifts. Main fields of in-terest are Radio galaxies, Seyfert galaxies, AGN surveys, X-ray back-ground, low-luminosity AGNs. Large samples of radio sources (“The Bo-logna Complete Sample” of galaxies; young ra-

FIG6: Temperature snapshots for a typical fountain cloud mov-ing through a hot hydrostatic co-rona (T=2 10^6 K) in the gravi-tational field of the Milky Way at the solar circle. Note the for-mation of a turbulent wake con-taining knots of cold gas (from [ 101])

FIG7: Observed-frame spec-tral energy distribution (SED) of CXOJ033229.29-275619.5 (XID403) - an obscured AGN at z=4.76 detected in the 4Ms exposure in the Chandra Deep Field-South - and possible de-composition into a galaxy com-ponent (red dashed line) and an AGN component (blue dotted line). The green solid line is the sum of the two. The template of the starburst galaxy Arp 220, shifted to z=4.76, is adopted for the galaxy emission, while the sum of a torus and a scat-tered component is adopted for the AGN emission. The SED shows that massive star forma-tion is associated with heavily obscured black hole accretion. This system may have been caught during a major co-eval episode of black hole and stellar mass assembly at early times (from [56]).

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dio sources known as ``High Frequency Peak-ers’’, and Brightest Cluster Galaxies) are currently studied us-ing the largest radio telescopes (EVLA, VLBA, EVN). More-over, thanks to the gamma-ray satellite FERMI, a detailed comparison between VLBI and gamma ray data for objects as M87 and powerful

BLAZARS are carried on to understand the physics of rela-tivistic jets.

Composition of the faint radio population and its physical properties are also studied using a multiwavelength approach (optical counter-parts, radio spectrum, etc.).

5.4 Clusters, Large Scale structure, and CosmologyStaff involved: F. Brighenti, A. Cimatti, L. Ciotti, D. Dallacasa, G. Giovannini, L. Gregorini, B. Marano, B. Metcalf, L. Moscardini, C. Nipoti, S. Pellegrini, F. Pozzi

The main area of interest are clusters of galaxies, with attention on observa-tional and theoretical studies of radio halos, radio relics, and of non-thermal emission mechanisms, suchas re-acceleration and magnetic field amplification. Magnetic fields are investigated by studying non-thermal emission from radio sources. Other active areas are the study and modelization of lensing proper-ties of galaxy clusters, the possibility of using galaxy clusters as cosmological probes, and of the clustering properties of cosmic structures. High-resolution

hydrodynamical simula-tions of AGN feedback on the ICM by supermassive black holes at the centre of clusters, and of turbulent ICM, are carried out. Fi-nally, models for the ICM in clusters are studied, with particular emphasis on their use as mass, tem-perature, and metallicity estimates, also in combi-nation with gravitational lensing. On the observa-tional side, galaxy surveys (such as VVDS, zCOSMOS and PEP/Herschel) are strongly pursued, with

FIG8: VLA image of the M87 inner jet at 22 GHz obtained to study the region of the gamma ray emission and superluminal motion of jet substructures.

FIG9: Overview of the strong lensing system of Abell 611. The knots used as constraints are marked as red crosses on the F606W ACS/HST image. The magenta crosses indicate the perturber galaxies that were optimised singularly. The blue crosses correspond to a likely lensed system. The size of the field of view is ~ 50 X 42.5 arc-sec; the image was smoothed with a 2 pixel FWHM Gaussian filter (1 pixel= 0.05 arcsec).

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special attention to the subjects of evolution of optical luminosity func-tion and star formation history galaxies up to z=1.5, evolution of the luminosity function of spectroscopically se-lected QSO, evolution of the stellar mass function and mass density up to z=2, evolution of early-type galaxies at z>1, evolution of the mid/far infrared luminosity up to z~2, and radio sub-mJy populations. On a more theoretical side, detailed studies of the formation and evolution of cosmic structures, based on analytic and numerical techniques, has been performed not only in the framework of the standard con-cordance Lambda-CDM model, but also considering alternative scenarios, like dynamic quintessence and non-Gaussian models.

5.5 Instrumentation and TechnologyStaff involved: G. Cosentino, B. Marano, E. Rossetti

In addition to the maintenance of the optical telescopes of Loiano observatory, shared with INAF-OABO, the Department of Astronomy is currently involved in different projects.

5.5.1 LBT infrared test cameraThe Department of Astronomy, in collaboration with INAF-OABO and the Max Planck Institut fuer Astronomie (Heidelberg, MPIA), continues the well-estab-lished collaboration with the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) Observatory. In particular, the infrared camera to be used to test the Adaptive Optics System at LBT, built in 2008, has been successfully tested in 2010.

5.5.2 LINC-NIRVANA

LINC-NIRVANA is a new generation interferometer designed to fully exploit the unique configuration of LBT. It is currently being built by an Italian-Ger-man consortium. Both Mid High layer Wavefront Sensors, assembled and test-ed in Bologna, have been delivered to the MPIA.We are cooperating in the full integration of the instrument, which is currently in progress. 5.5.3 MAORY

Our Department, in collaboration with INAF-OABO (the coordinator of the

FIG10: Rotation Measure image of the radiogalaxy 0206+35, that shows highly anisotropic band-ed structures perpendicular to the major axis of the radio lobes (from [66])

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Phase A study of MAORY, the multi-conjugate Adaptive Op-tics module), is deeply involved in the develop-ment of the in-strumentation of the Europe-an Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). The design aims at providing the correction of the atmospheric turbulence on a 2 arcmin field,

in the wavelength range 0.8-2.4 µm. MAORY is a key component to reach the main scientific goals of E-ELT, based on the capability of operating it as a fully adaptive telescope. The design aims at obtaining a uniform PSF on a relatively wide field and a large sky coverage. It is based on use of both natural and arti-ficial (laser) guide stars and on a three layers compensation model. Within the European Commission FP7 Preparing for the construction of the European Ex-tremely Large Telescope we developed a laboratory simulator of the wavefront sensing system, to test the effectiveness of the innovative solutions adopted in the project. We performed deep tests to validate the algorithms adopted to mea-sure the wavefront and to check the systematics due to the sodium ionospheric layer, where the laser beam produces the artificial guide star.

5.5.4 Solar concentrators

The Department was awarded by MIUR with a three years doctoral fellowship (“Fondo Giovani”), to study the possibility to apply the Active Optics (AO) tech-nologies, developed for Astronomy, to solar mirrors. In fact, AO can provide a fair correction of the main aberrations due to non paraxiality of sun rays, thus extending the productive time of the solar power plant. In addition, AO can increase the concentration of the sunlight on the receiver. A PhD student was selected for this fellowship in 2010, and the study is now in progress. Should it demonstrate that the technology can be applied, the energetic yield of solar power plants could be significantly increased.

5.5.5 Control software

Finally, instrumental control software for future astronomical missions is beeing specifically designed. Specifically, since the NIR spectroscopic channel of EUCLID will provide slitless galaxy spectra, a fast and reliable algorithm (RESS) to optimize spectral contamination cleaning and accurate redshift mea-surement, has been developed.

FIG11: Infrared Test Camera mounted on LBT (Gregorian)

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5.6 History of Astronomy and outreachStaff involved: F. Bònoli, D. Dallacasa, P. Focardi

Due to the long historical heritage of the University in Bologna, it is natu-ral that history of astronomy is among the active fields at the Department of Astronomy. Particular area of active interest are the analysis of Bologna contributions to the development of astronomy from 15th to 20th century, and in the preservation and study of the historical instrumentation of the “Museo della Specola”, which re-cords about 15.000 visitors each year (www.bo.astro.it/dip/Museum/Mu-seumHome.html). On 2011 (and 2012), thanks to an important contribution of the University, the “Museo” is un-dergoing substantial repair. Continu-ous outreach activities are performed in collaboration with the astronomical Institutes in Bologna. The Department joined a national project whose aim is promoting the study of Physics and Astronomy in Universities. In particular some 30 High School students each year have followed special courses orga-nized by staff members with practical applications and labs.

6.Facilities

6.1 Observational Facilities

Local observing facilities, regularly used also by students, are the optical tele-scopes (60 cm and 150 cm in diameter) located in Loiano (managed by INAF-OABO), the Northern Cross radiotelescope (managed by INAF-IRA). Instru-mentation for space missions is developed at IASF.

6.2 Computational facilities

All the most diffused astronomical data reduction packages are maintained updated, and available for staff, students and visitors. Also relevant for numerical projects is the strict relation of the Department with the supercomputer center of CINECA (also located in Bologna).

6.3 Library

Our library has more than 2500 precious ancient volumes some of which published as earlyas 1488. The modern section catalogue lists about 15000 volumes and is kept up to date yearly. Over 1000 periodicals are also available, some ancient and rare. More than 50 are current publications in Astronomy and are available both in print and on line. The li-

FIG12: The image of the Sun on the meridian line in the “Museo della Specola”

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brary also offers numerous publi-cations of world wide Astronomi-cal Observato-ries. Some material is also available ei-ther in microfilm or CD. Active services are: reference, loans, inter li-brary loans, doc-umentdelivery, on de-mand access on

site to historical material. Library link: http://www.bo.astro.it/~biblio/home.htm

7. Referred papers published in the years 2010-2011Abbas U., […], Marano B., […], Gregorini L., […]The VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey: evolution in the halo occupation number since z ~ 12010, MNRAS, 406, 1306Alexander D.M., [...], Vignali C. X-ray spectral constraints for z~2 massive galaxies: the identification of reflection-dominated Active Galactic Nuclei2011, ApJ, 738, 44Altieri B., […], Cimatti A., […]Herschel deep far-infrared counts through Abell 2218 cluster-lens2010, A&A, 518, L23Ballo L., Piconcelli E., Vignali C., Schartel N. XMM-Newton first X-ray detection of the LoBAL quasar PG 1700+5182011, MNRAS, 415, 2600Bardelli S., […], Cimatti A.,[…]Properties and environment of radio-emitting galaxies in the VLA-zCOSMOS survey 2010, A&A, 511, 1Beccari G., Pasquato M., De Marchi G., Dalessandro E., Trenti M., Gill M.The dynamical state of the globular cluster M10 (NGC 6254)2010, ApJ, 713, 194 Beccari G., Sollima A., Ferraro F.R., Lanzoni B., […]The non-segregated population of Blue Straggler stars in the remote globular cluster Palomar 14 2011, ApJ, 737, L3Bellagamba F., […], Moscardini L.Optimal filtering of optical and weak lensing data to search for galaxy clusters: application to the COSMOS data 2011, MNRAS, 413, 1145Bellazzini M., […], Fraternali F., Gallozzi S.An optical and HI study of the dwarf Local Group galaxy VV124=UGC4879. A gas-poor dwarf with a stellar disk? 2011, A&A, 527, 58Berta S., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F.,[…]Dissecting the cosmic infra-red background with Herschel/PEP 2010, A&A, 518, L30Berta S., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Building the cosmic infrared background brick by brick with Herschel/PEP 2011, A&A, 532, 49Beskin G., Karpov S., Bondar S., Greco G., Guarnieri A., Bartolini C., Piccioni A. Fast optical variability of a naked-eye burst - Manifestation of the periodic activity of an internal engine2010, ApJ, 719, L10

FIG13: Title pages of two from the ancient volumes of the rare books collection. Left: Ephemer-ides motuum coelestium by E. Zanotti, Bononiae, 1774. Right: Ephemerides motuum coeles-tium by P. Caturegli, Bononiae, 1819. The Bologna landscape with the two towers is clearly visible in the background of both the images.

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Beskin G., Bondar S., Karpov S., Plokhotnichenko V., Guarnieri A., Bartolini C., Greco G., Piccioni A., Shearer A.From TORTORA to MegaTORTORA - Results and prospects of search for fast optical transients2010, Advances in Astronomy, ID 171569Beskin G., Karpov S., Bondar S., Guarnieri A., Bartolini C., Greco G., Piccioni A.Rapid optical variability of the gamma-ray burst grb080319b and its central engine2010, AstBu, 65, 223Beskin G. Bondar S., Karpov S., Plokhotnichenko V., Guarnieri A., Bartolini C., Greco G., Piccioni A.Optical transient search strategy via wide-field monitoring2010, AstBu, 65, 286Bolzonella M., […], Cimatti A., […]Tracking the impact of environment on the galaxy stellar mass function up to z~1 in the 10kzCOSMOS sample2010, A&A, 524, 76Bonafede A., Feretti L., Murgia M., Govoni F., Giovannini G., Dallacasa D., Dolag K., Taylor G.B.The Coma cluster magnetic field from Faraday rotation measures 2010, A&A, 513, 30Bonafede A., Govoni F., Feretti L., Murgia M., Giovannini G., Brüggen M.Fractional polarization as a probe of magnetic fields in the intra-cluster medium2011, A&A 530, 24Bongiorno A., […], Cimatti A., […]The [O III] emission line luminosity function of optically selected type-2 AGN from zCOSMOS 2010, A&A, 510, 56Bongiovanni A., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Herschel FIR counterparts of selected Lyα emitters at z~2.2. Fast evolution since z~3 or missed obscured AGNs?2010, A&A, 519, L4Brusa M., [...], Vignali C., [...] The XMM-Newton Wide-Field Survey in the COSMOS field (XMM-COSMOS): demography and multiwave-length properties of obscured and unobscured luminous AGN2010, ApJ, 716, 348Carbone C., Verde L., Wang Y., Cimatti A. Neutrino constraints from future nearly all-sky spectroscopic galaxy surveys 2011, JCAP, 03, 030Ciotti L., Morganti L.Consistency criteria for generalized Cuddeford systems2010, MNRAS, 401, 1091 Ciotti L., Morganti L.How general is the global density slope-anisotropy inequality?2010, MNRAS, 408, 1070Ciotti L., Ostriker J.P., Proga D.Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. III: models with both radiative and mechanical feedback2010, ApJ, 717, 708Civano F., [...], Vignali C., [...] A Runaway Black Hole in COSMOS: Gravitational Wave or Slingshot Recoil?2010, ApJ, 717, 209Civano F., [...], Vignali C., [...]The population of high-redshift Active Galactic Nuclei in the Chandra-COSMOS survey2011, ApJ, 741, 91Comastri A., Ranalli P., Iwasawa K., Vignali C., [...]The XMM deep survey in the CDFS. I. First results on heavily obscured AGN2011, A&A, 526, L9Comastri A., Iwasawa K., Gilli R., Vignali C., Ranalli P., Matt G., Fiore F. Suzaku observations of hard X-ray selected Seyfert 2 galaxies2010, ApJ, 717, 787Correnti M., Bellazzini M., Ibata R. A., Ferraro F.R., Varghese A. The northern wraps of the Sagittarius stream as traced by red clump stars: distances intrinsic widths and stellar densities2010, ApJ, 721, 329Correnti M., Bellazzini M., Ibata R. A., Ferraro F.R., Varghese A. The northern wraps of the Sagittarius stream as traced by red clump stars: distances intrinsic widths and stellar densities2010, ApJ, 721, 329Correnti M., Bellazzini M., Dalessandro E., Mucciarelli A., Monaco L., Catelan M. A low surface brightness halo surrounding the globular cluster NGC 5694 2011, MNRAS, 417, 2411Crociani D., Mesinger A., Moscardini L., Furlanetto S.The distribution of Lyman-limit absortion systems during and after reionization2011, MNRAS, 411, 289Cucciati, O., […], Cimatti A., […]The zCOSMOS 10k-sample: the role of galaxy stellar mass in the colour-density relation up to z ~ 12010, A&A, 524, 2Dadina M., Guainazzi M., Cappi M., Bianchi S., Vignali C., Malaguti G., Comastri A. X-ray imaging of the ionisation cones in NGC 52522010, A&A, 516, A9

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Dalessandro E., Salaris M., Ferraro F.R., Cassisi S., Lanzoni B., Rood R.T., Fusi Pecci F., Sabbi E. The peculiar horizontal branch of NGC 2808 2011, MNRAS, 410, 694Dalessandro E., Lanzoni B., Beccari G., Sollima A., Ferraro F.R., Pasquato, M. The binary fraction in the globular cluster M10 (NGC 6254): comparing core and outer regions2011, ApJ, 743, 11D’Ammando F., […], Giovannini G., […]AGILE detection of extreme γ-ray activity from the blazar PKS 1510-089 during march 2009. Multifrequency analysis2011, A&A, 529, 145De Boni C., Dolag K., Ettori S., Moscardini L., Pettorino V., Baccigalupi C.Hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters in dark energy cosmologies: I. General properties 2011, MNRAS, 415, 2758de la Torre S., […], Cimatti A., […]The zCOSMOS-bright survey: the clustering of early and late galaxy morphological types since z~12011, MNRAS, 412, 825de la Torre S. […], Cimatti A., […]Understanding the shape of the galaxy two-point correlation function at z~1 in the COSMOS field 2010, MNRAS, 409, 867Di Cintio P.F., Ciotti L.Relaxation of spherical systems with long-range interactions: a numerical investigation2011, IJBC, 21, 2279Domínguez Sánchez H., Pozzi F., Gruppioni C., Cimatti A., […]The evolution of quiescent galaxies at high redshifts (z ≥1.4) 2011, MNRAS, 417, 900Donnarumma A., […], Moscardini L., […]Abell 611. II. X-ray and strong lensing analyses 2011, A&A, 528, A73Elbaz D., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Herschel unveils a puzzling uniformity of distant dusty galaxies2010, A&A, 518, L29Fabbiano G., […], Pellegrini S., Trinchieri G., Zezas A., Zepf S.E. Field and Globular Cluster LMXBs in NGC4278 2010, ApJ, 725, 1824Fanti C., Fanti R., Zanichelli A., Dallacasa D., Stanghellini C. The B3-VLA CSS sample. VIII. New optical identifications from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey The ultravio-let-optical spectral energy distribution of the young radio sources 2011, A&A, 528, 110Fedeli C., Carbone C., Moscardini L., Cimatti A.The clustering of galaxies and galaxy clusters: constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity from future wide-field surveys2011, MNRAS, 414, 1545Fedeli C., Finelli F., Moscardini L.Primordial density perturbations with running spectral index: impact on non-linear cosmic structures2010, MNRAS, 407, 1842Fedeli C., Moscardini L.Cosmic shear statistics in cosmologies with non-Gaussian initial conditions2010, MNRAS, 405, 681Fraternali F., Sancisi R., Kamphuis P.A tale of two galaxies: light and mass in NGC891 and NGC7814 2011, A&A, 531, 64Geach J.E., Cimatti A., […]Empirical Hα emitter count predictions for dark energy surveys2010, MNRAS, 402, 1330Georgantopoulos I., […], Vignali C., Balestra I., Gilli R., Cappelluti N. On the LX-L6micron ratio as a diagnostic for Compton-thick AGN2011, A&A, 534, A23Giacintucci S., Dallacasa D., […] An unlikely radio halo in the low X-ray luminosity galaxy cluster RXC J1514.9-1523 2011, A&A, 534, 57Gilli R., Vignali C., […] The X-ray to Ne[V]3426 flux ratio: discovering geavily obscured AGN in the distant Universe2010, A&A, 519, A92Gilli R., Su J., Norman C., Vignali C., […]A Compton-thick AGN at z~5 in the 4Ms Chandra Deep Field South2011, ApJ, 730, L28Giovannini G., […]The diffuse radio filament in the merging system ZwCl 2341.1+00002010, A&A 511, 5Giovannini G., […]A giant radio halo in the low luminosity X-ray cluster Abell 5232011, A&A 530, L5

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Giustini M., […], Vignali C., Palumbo G.G.C. Variable X-ray absorption in the mini-BAL QSO PG 1126-0412011, A&A, 536, 49Gnerucci A., […], Cimatti, A., […]Dynamical properties of AMAZE and LSD galaxies from gas kinematics and the Tully-Fisher relation at z~32011, A&A, 528, 88Gobat R., […], Cimatti A., Dickinson M., Kong X., Mignoli M. A mature cluster with X-ray emission at z = 2.072011, A&A, 526, 133Govoni F., […], Giovannini G., […] Rotation measures of radio sources in hot galaxy clusters2010, A&A 522, 105Govoni F., Murgia M., Giovannini G., Vacca V., Bonafede A.The large-scale diffuse radio emission in A7812011, A&A 529, 69Greco G., Beskin G., Karpov S., Bondar S., Bartolini C., Guarnieri A., Piccioni A.High-Speed and Wide-Field Photometry with TORTORA2010, Advances in Astronomy, ID 268501Gruppioni C., Pozzi F., Andreani P., Rodighiero G., Cimatti A., […]PEP: first Herschel probe of dusty galaxy evolution up to z ~ 32010, A&A, 518, L27Gruppioni C., Pozzi F., Zamorani G., Vignali C.Modelling galaxy and AGN evolution in the infrared: black hole accretion versus star formation activity 2011, MNRAS, 416, 70 Guidetti D., Laing R.A., Murgia M., Govoni F., Gregorini L., Parma P.Structure of the magnetoionic medium around the Fanaroff-Riley Class I radio galaxy 3C 4492010, A&A, 514, A50Guidetti D., Laing R.A., Bridle A.H., Parma P., Gregorini L.Ordered magnetic fields around radio galaxies: evidence for interaction with the environment2011, MNRAS, 413, 252Hao H., […], Vignali C. Hot-dust-poor Type 1 AGNs in the COSMOS survey2010, ApJ, 724, L59Heald G., […], Fraternali F., […]The Westerbork Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS (HALOGAS) survey.I. Survey description and pilot observations 2011, A&A, 526, 118Hwang H.S., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Evolution of dust temperature of galaxies through cosmic time as seen by Herschel2010, MNRAS, 409, 75Ibata R., Sollima A., Nipoti C., Bellazzini M., Chapman S.C., Dalessandro E.The Globular Cluster NGC 2419: A Crucible for Theories of Gravity2011, ApJ, 738, 186 Ibata R., Sollima A., Nipoti C., Bellazzini M., Chapman S.C., Dalessandro E.Polytropic Model Fits to the Globular Cluster NGC 2419 in Modified Newtonian Dynamics2011, ApJ, 743, 43 Iovino A., […], Cimatti A., […]The zCOSMOS redshift survey: how group environment alters global downsizing trends2010, A&A, 509, 40Ivison R.J., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The far-infrared/radio correlation as probed by Herschel 2010, A&A, 518, L31Iwasawa K., Vignali C., Evans A.S., Sanders D.B., Trentham N. The gravitationally lensed, luminous infrared galaxy IRAS F10214+4724 observed with XMM-Newton2010, New Astronomy, 15, 58Karpov S., Beskin G., Bondar S., Guarnieri A., Bartolini C., Greco G., Piccioni A.Wide and fast: monitoring the sky in subsecond domain with the FAVOR and TORTORA cameras2010, Advances in Astronomy, ID 784141Kovač K., […], Cimatti, A., […] The density field of the 10k zCOSMOS galaxies2010, ApJ, 708, 505Lanzoni B., Ferraro F.R., Dalessandro E., Mucciarelli A., […]New density profile and structural parameters of the complex stellar system Terzan 5 2010, ApJ, 717, 653Lardo C., Bellazzini M., Pancino E., Carretta E., Bragaglia A., Dalessandro E. Mining SDSS in search of multiple populations in globular clusters2011, A&A 525A, 114Lelli F., Fraternali F., Sancisi R.Structure and dynamics of giant low surface brightness galaxies 2010, A&A, 516, 11

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Liuzzo E., Giovannini G., Giroletti M., Taylor G.B.Parsec-scale properties of brightest cluster galaxies2010, A&A, 516, 1Liuzzo E., […], Giovannini G., […]The jet of the BL Lacertae object PKS 2201+044: MAD near-IR adaptive optics observations and compari-son with optical, radio and X-ray data - 2011, A&A, 528, 34Lovisi L., Mucciarelli A., Ferraro F.R., Lucatello S., Lanzoni B., Dalessandro E., […]Fast rotating blue stragglers in the globular cluster M4 2010, ApJ, 719, L121Luo B., […], Vignali C. Identifications and photometric redshifts of the 2Ms Chandra Deep Field-South sources2010, ApJS, 187, 560Luo B., […], Vignali C. Revealing a population of heavily obscured AGNs at z~0.5-1 in the Chandra Deep Field-South2011, ApJ, 740, 37Lusso E., Ciotti L.One-zone models for spheroidal galaxies wth a central supermassive black hole. Self-regulated Bondi accretion2011, A&A, 525, A115Lusso E., Comastri A., Vignali C., [...]The X-ray to optical-UV luminosity ratio of X-ray selected Type 1 AGN in XMM-COSMOS2010, A&A, 512, A34Lusso E., Comastri A., Vignali C., […]The bolometric output and host-galaxy properties of obscured AGN in the XMM-COSMOS survey2011, A&A, 534, A110Lutz D., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) - A Herschel key program 2011, A&A, 532, 90Macario G., Venturi T., Brunetti G., Dallacasa D., […] The very steep spectrum radio halo in Abell 697 2010, A&A, 517, 43Magliocchetti M. […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The PEP survey: clustering of infrared-selected galaxies and structure formation at z~2 in GOODS-South 2011, MNRAS, 416, 1105Magdis G.E., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]A first glimpse into the Far-IR properties of high-z UV-selected galaxies: Herschel/PACS observations of z~3 LBGs2010, ApJ, 720, L185Magnelli B., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Far-infrared properties of submillimeter and optically faint radio galaxies2010, A&A, 518, L28Mainieri V., Vignali C., [...] Ultraluminous X-ray sources out to z~0.3 in the COSMOS field2010, A&A, 514, A85Mainieri V., [...],Vignali C., [...] Black hole accretion and host galaxies of obscured quasars in XMM-COSMOS2011, A&A, 535, A80Mancini C., […], Cimatti A., […]High-redshift elliptical galaxies: are they (all) really compact?2010, MNRAS, 401, 933 Maraston C., […], Cimatti A., Tonini C.Star formation rates and masses of z~2 galaxies from multicolour photometry2010, MNRAS, 407, 830Marasco A., Fraternali F.Modeling the HI halo of the Milky Way 2011, A&A, 525, 134Marinacci F., Fraternali F., Ciotti L., Nipoti C.Stationary models for the extraplanar gas in disc galaxies2010, MNRAS, 401, 2451 Marinacci F., Binney J., Fraternali F., Nipoti C., Ciotti L., Londrillo P.The mode of gas accretion on to star-forming galaxies2010, MNRAS, 404, 1464 Marinacci F., Fraternali F., Nipoti C., Binney J., Ciotti L., Londrillo P.Galactic fountains and the rotation of disc-galaxy coronae2011, MNRAS, 415, 1534 Massaro F., […], Giovannini G., […]Chandra observations of 3C radio sources with z < 0.3: nuclei, diffuse emission, jets, and hotspots2010, ApJ 714, 589Meneghetti M., […], Moscardini L., Yepes G.Comparison of an X-ray selected sample of massive lensing clusters with the MareNostrum universe LambdaCDM simulation2011, A&A, 530, A17

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Merloni A., Bongiorno A., Bolzonella M., [...], Vignali C., [...]On the cosmic evolution of the scaling relations between black holes and their host galaxies: broad-line AGN in the zCOSMOS survey - 2010, ApJ, 708, 137Miniutti G., Piconcelli E., Bianchi S., Vignali C., Bozzo E. Does the X-ray emission of the luminous quasars RBS 1124 originate in a mildly relativistic outflowing corona?2010, MNRAS, 401, 1315Moresco M., Jimenez R., Cimatti A., Pozzetti, L. Constraining the expansion rate of the Universe using low-redshift ellipticals as cosmic chronometers2011, JCAP, 03, 045Moresco M., Pozzetti L., Cimatti A., […]zCOSMOS 10k-bright spectroscopic sample. Exploring mass and environment dependence in early-type galaxies2010, A&A, 524, 67Mucciarelli A.Microturbulent velocity from stellar: a comparison between different approaches2011, A&A, 528, 44Mucciarelli A., […]NGC 1866: a milestone for understanding the chemical evolution of the stellar populations in the Large Magellanic Cloud2011, MNRAS, 413, 837Mucciarelli A., Origlia L., Ferraro F.R. Chemical composition of the old globular clusters NGC 1786 NGC 2210 and NGC 2257 in the Large Magellanic Cloud 2010, ApJ, 717, 277Mucciarelli A., Salaris M., Lovisi L., Ferraro F.R., Lanzoni B., Lucatello S., Gratton R.G. Lithium abundance in the globular cluster M4: from the turn-off to the red giant branch bump 2011, MNRAS, 412, 81Murgia M., Govoni F., Feretti L., Giovannini G. A double radio halo in the close pair of galaxy clusters Abell 399 and Abell 4012010, A&A 509, 86Nipoti C.Thermal instability in rotating galactic coronae2010, MNRAS, 406, 247 Nipoti C., Ciotti L., Londrillo P.Radial-orbit instability in modified Newtonian dynamics2011, MNRAS, 414, 3298 Nordon R., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The star-formation rates of 1.5 < z < 2.5 massive galaxies2010, A&A, 518, L24Norris R.P., […], Giovannini G., […]EMU: Evolutionary Map of the Universe2011, PASA 28, 215Novak G.S., Ostriker J.P., Ciotti L.Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies: two-dimensional models compared to one-dimensional models2011, ApJ, 737, 26, 1Onodera M., […], Cimatti A., […]A z = 1.82 analog of local ultra-massive elliptical galaxies2010, ApJ, 715, L6Onodera M., […], Cimatti A., Broadhurst T., Alexander D.M. A wide area survey for high-redshift massive galaxies. II. Near-Infrared spectroscopy of BzK-selected mas-sive star-forming galaxies - 2010, ApJ, 715, 385Orienti M., Murgia M., Dallacasa D. The last breath of the young gigahertz-peaked spectrum radio source PKS1518+047 2010, MNRAS, 402, 1892Orienti M., Dallacasa D. Proper motion and apparent contraction in J0650+6001 2010, MNRAS, 406, 529Orienti M., Dallacasa D., Stanghellini C. Spectral variability in faint high-frequency peakers 2010, MNRAS, 408, 1075 Orienti M., Venturi T., Dallacasa D., D’Ammando F., Giroletti M., Giovannini G., Vercellone S., Tavani M. Multi-epoch parsec-scale observations of the blazar PKS 1510-089 2011, MNRAS, 417, 359Origlia L., Rood R.T., Fabbri S., Ferraro F.R., Fusi Pecci F., Rich R.M., Dalessandro E. Dust is forming along the red giant branch of 47 Tuc 2010, ApJ, 718, 522Origlia L., Rich R.M., Ferraro F.R., Lanzoni B., Bellazzini M., Dalessandro E., Mucciarelli A., Valenti E., Beccari G.Spectroscopy unveils the complex nature of Terzan 5 2011, ApJ, 726, L20Orrù E., Murgia M., Feretti L., Govoni F., Giovannini, G., […]Low-frequency study of two giant radio galaxies: 3C35 and 3C2232010, A&A, 515, 50

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Orsi A., Baugh C.M., Lacey C.G., Cimatti A., Wang Y., Zamorani G. Probing dark energy with future redshift surveys: a comparison of emission line and broad-band selection in the near-infrared - 2010, MNRAS, 405, 1006Ostriker J.P., Choi E., Ciotti L., Novak G.S., Proga D.Momentum driving: which physical processes dominate AGN feedback?2010, ApJ, 722, 642Oteo I., […], Pozzi F., […], Cimatti A., […]FIR measurements of Lyα emitters at z <~ 1.0: dust attenuation from PACS-Herschel2011, A&A, 735, 15Pace F., Moscardini L., […]A numerical study of the effects of primordial non-Gaussianities on weak lensing statistics2011, MNRAS, 411, 595Pallanca C., Dalessandro E., Ferraro F.R., Lanzoni B., […]The optical companion to the binary millisecond pulsar J1824-2452H in the globular cluster M28 2010, ApJ, 725, 1165Pancino E., Mucciarelli A., […], Ferraro F.R. The subgiant branch of ω Centauri seen through high-resolution spectroscopy. I. The first stellar generation in w Cen? 2011, A&A, 527, A18Pellegrini S.The nuclear X-ray emission of nearby early-type galaxies 2010, ApJ, 717, 640Pellegrini S.The temperature of the hot gas halos of early type galaxies2011, ApJ, 738, 57Peng Y., […], Cimatti A., […]Mass and environment as drivers of galaxy evolution in SDSS and zCOSMOS and the origin of the Schechter function 2010, ApJ, 721, 193Piconcelli E., Vignali C., […] Investigating the complex X-ray spectrum of broad-line 2MASS red quasars: XMM-Newton observation of FTM 0830+3759 2010, ApJ, 710, 992Piconcelli E., Vignali C., […]Witnessing the key early phase of quasar evolution: an obscured AGN pair in the interacting galaxy IRAS 20210+1121 - 2010, ApJ, 722, L147Piconcelli E., Bianchi S., Vignali C., Jimenez-Bailon E., Fiore F. X-ray spectroscopy of the Compton-thick Seyfert 2 ESO 138-G12011, A&A, 534, A126Popesso P., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The effect of environment on star forming galaxies at redshift. I. First insight from PACS2011, A&A, 532, 145Popesso P., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The effect of environment on star forming galaxies at redshift 1 First insight from PACS 2011 A&A, 534, 2Pozzetti L., […], Cimatti A., […] zCOSMOS - 10k-bright spectroscopic sample. The bimodality in the galaxy stellar mass function: exploring its evolution with redshift - 2010, A&A, 523, 13Pozzi F., Vignali C., Comastri A., […]The HELLAS2XMM survey. XIII. Multi-component analysis of the spectral energy distribution of obscured AGN2010, A&A, 517, A11Prandoni I., de Ruiter H.R., Ricci R., Parma P., Gregorini L., Ekers R.D.The ATESP 5 GHz radio survey. III. 4.8, 8.6 and 19 Ghz follow-up observations of radio galaxies 2010, A&A, 510, A42Puech M., Rosati P., Toft S., Cimatti A., Neichel B., Fusco T. Simulating the physics and mass assembly of distant galaxies out to z ~ 6 with the E-ELT2010, MNRAS, 402, 903Reid B.A., Verde L., Dolag K., Matarrese S., Moscardini L. Non-Gaussian halo assembly bias2010, JCAP, 07, 013Rodighiero G., Daddi E., Baronchelli I., Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The Lesser Role of Starbursts in Star Formation at z = 2 2011 ApJ, 739, L40Rodighiero G., Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The first Herschel view of the mass-SFR link in high-z galaxies2010, A&A, 518, L25Rodighiero G., […], Cimatti A., […]Mid- and far-infrared luminosity functions and galaxy evolution from multiwavelength Spitzer observations up to z~2.52010, A&A, 515, 8Romano A., […], Moscardini L., […]Abell 611. I. Weak lensing analysis with LBC2010, A&A, 514, A88

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Roncarelli M., Moscardini L., […]Imprints of primordial non-Gaussianities in X-ray and SZ signals from galaxy clusters2010, MNRAS, 402, 923Saez C., […], Vignali C. The X-ray properties of typical high-redshift radio-loud quasars2011, ApJ, 738, 53Salvato M., [...], Vignali C., [...] Dissecting photometric redshift for Active Galactic Nuclei using XMM- and Chandra- COSMOS samples2011, ApJ, 742, 61Samushia L., Percival W.J., Guzzo L., Wang Y., Cimatti A., […]Effects of cosmological model assumptions on galaxy redshift survey measurements2011, MNRAS, 410, 1993Santangelo G., […], Gregorini L., […]The molecular environment of the Galactic star forming region G19.61-0.232010, A&A, 520, A50Santini P., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]The dust content of high-z submillimeter galaxies revealed by Herschel2010, A&A, 518, L154Sarria J.E., Maiolino R., La Franca F., Pozzi F., Fiore F., Marconi A., Vignali C., Comastri A. The MBH-Mstar relation of obscured AGNs at high redshift2010, A&A, 522, L3Sartoris B., Borgani S., Fedeli C., Matarrese S., Moscardini L., Rosati P., Weller J.The potential of X-ray cluster surveys to constrain primordial non-Gaussianity 2010, MNRAS, 407, 2339Severgnini P., Caccianiga A., Della Ceca A., Braito V., Vignali C., La Parola V., Moretti A. Suzaku and Swift-BAT observations of a newly discovered Compton-thick AGN2011, A&A, 525, A38Shao L., […], Cimatti A., […], Pozzi F., […]Star formation in AGN hosts in GOODS-N2010, A&A, 518, L26Silverman J.D., […], Vignali C., [...]The extended Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: optical spectroscopy of faint X-ray sources with the VLT and Keck2010, ApJS, 181, 124Silverman J.D., [...], Vignali C., [...] The impact of galaxy interactions on AGN activity in zCOSMOS2011, ApJ, 743, 2Sollima A., Nipoti C.Globular clusters in modified Newtonian dynamics: velocity dispersion profiles from self-consistent models2010, MNRAS, 401, 131Sollima A., Carballo-Bello J.A., Beccari G., Ferraro F.R., Fusi Pecci F., Lanzoni B. The fraction of binary systems in the core of five galactic open clusters 2010, MNRAS, 401, 577Takei Y., […], Moscardini L., […]Studying the warm-hot intergalactic medium in emission2011, ApJ, 734, 91Thöne C.C., […], Bartolini C., […], Guarnieri A., […]Photometry and spectroscopy of GRB 060526: a detailed study of the afterglow and host galaxy of a z=3.2 gamma-ray burst2010, A&A, 523, 70Tombesi F., Cappi M., Reeves J.N., Palumbo G.G.C., Braito V., Dadina M.Evidence for ultra-fast outflows in radio-quiet AGN. II. Detailed photoionization modeling of Fe K-shell absorption lines2011, ApJ, 742, 44Tombesi F., Cappi M., Reeves J.N., Palumbo G.G.C., Yaqoob T., Braito V., Dadina M.Evidence for ultra-fast outflows in radio-quiet AGNs. I. Detection and statistical incidence of Fe K-shell absorption lines2010, A&A, 521, 57Torresi E., Grandi P., Longinotti A.L., Guainazzi M., Palumbo G.G.C., Tombesi F., Nucita A.First high-resolution detection of a warm absorber in the Broad Line Radio Galaxy 3C 3822010, MNRAS, 401, L10Ursino E., Branchini F., Galeazzi M., Marulli F., Moscardini L., Piro L., Roncarelli M., Takei Y. Expected properties of the two-point autocorrelation function of the IGM2011, MNRAS, 414, 2970Vacca V., Murgia M., Govoni F., Feretti L., Giovannini G., […]The intracluster magnetic field power spectrum in Abell 6652010, A&A, 514, 71Vacca V., Govoni F., Murgia M., Giovannini G., […]Discovery of diffuse radio emission in the galaxy cluster A16892011, A&A 535, 82Valenti E., Ferraro F.R., Origlia L. Near-infrared properties of 12 globular clusters towards the inner bulge of the Galaxy 2010, MNRAS, 402, 1729

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History of astronomy and outreach publicationsDi TeoDoro E.M., BeDogni R., Bònoli F.I primi esperimenti sulla caduta dei gravi: Galileo e Riccioli Giornale di Astronomia, 2010, 36 (3), 32Bònoli F., Fusi Pecci F., PoPPi F. Dall’Osservatorio astronomico universitario all’Osservatorio astronomico di Bologna: 1957-1985 in ``Da Bologna allo spazio. Avvio, promozione e sviluppo della ricerca astrofisica’’, a cura di P. Focardi e G. Palumbo, 2011, Bononia University Press, 71 (invited)incerTi M., Bònoli F., Polcaro V.F. Transient Astronomical Events as Inspiration Sources of Medieval and Renaissance Art in “The Inspiration of Astronomical Phenomena - VI”, E. M. Corsini Edt., 2011, ASPC Series, 441, 139Bònoli F. Cassini e la tradizione astronomica galileiana a Bolognain ``Galileo e la scuola galileiana nelle Università del Seicento’’, a cura di L. Pepe, 2011, CLUEB, Bologna, 171 (invited)

8 Other qualifying achievements8.1 ESA EUCLID Mission

The Department of Astronomy plays a key role in the ESA Euclid space mission. After the Assessment and Definition studies lasted from 2008 to 2011, Euclid has been recently selected (4 October 2011) as one of the first two Medium-class mis-sions in the context of ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025, and its launch is planned in 2019. This major achievement has been obtained also thanks to the activities coordinated by the scientists of the Department who have responsibility roles in the international Euclid Consortium (A. Cimatti, L. Moscardini). Euclid is a “high-precision” cosmology mission with the main goal to derive a three-dimensional and evolutionary “map” of the Universe during the last 10 billion years. This “map” will be obtained with a gigantic survey of 15,000 deg2 in optical/near-infrared imaging and near-infrared slitless spectroscopy. This survey will explore the 0<z<2 redshift range and provide images and photometry of about 2 billion galaxies, with spectra and redshifts available for about 50 millions of them. Euclid will also perform a

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Deep Survey of 40 deg2 to study the Universe at very high redshifts (z>6-7). Combi-ning the best cosmological probes (e.g. weak gravitational lensing, baryonic acou-stic oscillations, matter power spectrum, redshift-space distorsions, galaxy clusters, etc), Euclid will constrain with high accuracy the dark energy equation of state and other cosmological parameters, and will also test the validity of General Relativity through the growth factor of cosmic structures. Besides cosmology, Euclid will also provide an immense legacy of data useful to address a wide range of other astro-physical problems from extrasolar planets to stars and galaxies.The main publi-cation describing Euclid is the Definition Study Document, so called Red Book (Laureijs et al. 2011; arXiv:1110.3193), where our Department provided important contributions.

For more details:http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=102)http://www.euclid-emc.org

8.2 COSMIC LAB

The 5-yr project “COSMIC-LAB: Star clusters as cosmic laboratories for Astro-physics, Dynamics and Fundamental Physics” presented by F.R. Ferraro to the Euro-pean Research Council within the Seventh Framework Programme “Ideas” - Advan-ced Grant, was funded with 1.88 MEuro and started on May 1st, 2011. This is the first programme with P.I. from our Department ever funded by the ERC. The project consists in using galactic Globular Clusters as cosmic laboratories, and three classes of “exotica” (blue straggler stars, millisecond pulsars and intermediate-mass black holes) as test particles for addressing fundamental astrophysical questions ranging from the formation of the Galaxy and the first stars, to stellar evolution and dyna-mics.

8.3 GLENCO

The European Research Council research group GLENCO (funded with 1.5MEuro through the Seventh Framework Programme, Ideas), PI R.B.Metcalf, has been enga-ged in research related to gravitational lensing.  A suit of computer tools are being developed to perform simulations of gravitational lensing and for analyzing strong and weak lensing data.  These tools will eventually be available to the wider professio-nal community.  At this stage the tools have been applied to simulating quasars that have been strongly lenses by foreground galaxies.  Statistical predictions for the pro-perties of these lenses have been made and compared with the available data.  Some significant discoveries have been made about the effects small mass clumps of dark matter have on these gravitational lenses. This will hopefully lead to a better under-standing of how dark matter is distributed in the Universe.  Simulations where done in support of a satellite proposal called OMEGA that was submitted to the NASA’s Explorer Mission competition.  The primary goal of the satellite is to study these quasar lenses through long term, high cadence monitoring. Also, the gravitational lensing of quasars by stars, microlensing, is being studied with the computer code’s greatly increased capabilities over previous approaches.

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8.4 VLBI from space

In 2010 the project “VLBI from space” in collaboration with IRA/INAF (PI G. Gio-vannini) has been included among strategical relevant projects for the scientific col-laboration between Italy and Japan by the MAE (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) for the period 2010-2012. Collaborators are the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). Many com-mon scientific projects are in progress including VLBI observations with Italian and Japanese radio telescopes. In 2010 and 2011 MAE co-funded the project with 25kEuro/yr.

8.5 Research grants (PI only)

F.R. Ferraro: ERC Advanced Grant COSMIC LAB (1.88MEuro)F.R. Ferraro: ASI/INAF I/009/10/0 (92 kEuro)G. Giovannini: PRIN-INAF 2009/10 “Large Scale Magnetic Fields” (5k Euro)G. Giovannini: MAE Italy-Japan “VLBI from space” (25kEuro/yr)R.B. Metcalf: ERC Advanced Grant GLENCO (1.5MEuro)C. Vignali: ASI High-Energy (35.4 kEuro)

8.6 Telescope time allocation

DallacasaVLBA (24hrs) Faint high frequency peakers (PI)VLBA (20hrs) Steep spectrum sources and the duty cycle of the radio emission (PI M. Orienti)VLBA (30hrs) Morphology and orientation of Radio Loud Broad Absorption Line Quasars (PI G. Bruni)EVLA (15hrs) The Ultra Steep Spectrum radio halo in Abell 697 (PI G. Macario)EVLA (18.5hrs) The Nature of Ultra-Steep Spectrum Cluster Radio Halos (PI W. Lane)GMRT (66hrs) Searching for Radio Halos in the MACS-Planck X-ray luminous clu-ster sample (PI G. Macario)GMRT (32hrs) Extended GMT radio halo survey (PI R. Cassano)GMRT (16 hrs) Ultra steep spectrum in A1682 (PI T. Venturi)Platau de Bure (16hrs) Fast molecular outflow in the young radio source 4C 32.44? (PI M. Orienti)

Ferraro (PI), Dalessandro (CoI), Lanzoni (CoI), Mucciarelli (CoI)HST/WFPC3 (15orbits) COSMIC-LAB: Hunting for optical companions to binary MSPs in Globular Clusters HST/WFPC3 (21orbits) COSMIC-LAB: Double BSS sequences as signatures of the Core Collapse phenomenon in star clustersVLT/XSHOOTER+FLAMES (3nights+15hrs) Unveiling the true nature of the stel-lar system Terzan5 in the Galactic Bulge VLT/NACO (9.5hrs) Constraining the mass of the supermassive neutron star in the core of NGC 6440

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Lanzoni (PI), Dalessandro (CoI), Ferraro (CoI), Mucciarelli (CoI) LBT/LBC (10hrs) Determining the binary content of Galactic globular clustersMucciarelli (PI), Dalessandro (CoI), Ferraro (CoI), Lanzoni (CoI) VLT/FLAMES (4nights) Searching for chemical signatures of the self-enrichment process in extra-galactic clusters: the LMCVLT/FLAMES (4nights) Searching for chemical signatures of the self-enrichment process in extra-galactic clusters: the SMC

Dalessandro (CoI), Ferraro (CoI), Lanzoni (CoI), Mucciarelli (CoI)VLT/FLAMES (3nights) The double Blue Straggler sequence in M30: the key to di-sentangle the BSS formation processes (PI L. Lovisi)

PellegriniChandra (200ks) In-Depth Study of the Merger, ULIRG, Twin-AGN Galaxy NGC 6240 (PI G. Fabbiano)

VignaliChandra (80ks) A runaway black hole in COSMOS (PI F. Civano)Chandra (30ks) Exploratory X-ray monitoring of z>4 radio-quiet quasars (PI O. Shemmer)XMM-Newton (69ks) Revealing Compton-thick luminous AGN in powerful [OIII] emitters (PI E. Piconcelli)XMM-Newton (112ks) XMM-Newton spectroscopy of high-redshift Dust Obscured Galaxies (PI G. Lanzuisi)XMM-Newton (123ks) A variable energy, redshifted, iron absorption line in a recoi-ling black hole (PI F. Civano)XMM-Newton (83ks) [NeV]-selected heavily obscured QSOs at the epoch of the X-ray background (PI R. Gilli)XMM-Newton (94+66ks) In search of merging black holes (PI S. Mathurn)EVLA (7hrs) QSO feedback in 2 z=2 QSOs (PI C. Feruglio)IRAM PdB (6hrs) A direct test of the black holes - mergers connection (PI C. Feru-glio)VLT/X-shooter (14hrs) A direct test of the black holes - mergers connection: un-derstanding galaxy-AGN coevolution, feedback and the buildup of SMBHs (PI C. Feruglio)VLT/FORS (20hrs) + MMT (16hrs) X-ray selected i-band dropouts (PI R. Gilli)VLT/FORS (5.5hrs) The first X-ray selected QSO at z=6.8 (PI M. Salvato)TNG (22hrs) Spectroscopy and photometry in the AGN nursery around the Galaxy Cluster MS 1137.5+6625 (PI: N. Cappelluti)VLT/SINFONI (60hrs) The evolution of the MBH/Mstar relation in obscured AGN at high redshift(PI R. Maiolino)VLT/ISAAC (25hrs) + TNG/NICS (25hrs) The First Direct Measure of the Complete (AGN1+AGN2) Local Black Hole Mass Function of the AGN (PI F. La Franca) TNG/NICS (8hrs) Spectroscopic identification of elusive, highly obscured, type 2 QSOs from SWIRE (PI F. La Franca)

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BrighentiTNG (15hrs) Tracing the star formation in early type Galaxies with Infrared excess (PI)Chandra (18ks) + EVLA (18hrs) Investigating AGN feedback in cool cores detected in H_alpha (PI M. Gitti)XMM (21ks) AGN-ICM interaction and peculiar radio emission in the cool core cluster RBS 797 (PI M. Gitti)SUZAKU (50ks) Tracing the gas to the virial radius of a fossil group (PI P. Humph-rey)

FraternaliVLT/FLAMES (26hrs) Halo gas and gas accretion in intermediate-redshift disk ga-laxies (PI)WSRT (11hrs) The BCD galaxy NGC 6789: where is the gas? (PI F. Lelli) EVLA (20hrs+8hrs+6.5hrs) Gas Dynamics and Star Formation in Blue Compact Dwarfs (PI F. Lelli)

8.7 International meetings

The Department co-sponsored the “Puppi Prize” to be given to the best Italian Ph.D. Thesis in Astronomy, Physics or Geology, and organized

The 2011 Bologna biannual international workshop on Dark Matter (a series started in 2005) was dedicated to ``Dark matter from globular clusters to clusters of gala-xies’’,

The 9^th AGN conference (Ferrara, May 2010), dedicated to ``Black holes and re-velations’’.

8.8 International committees

L. Ciotti: Member of the SOC for the International Workshop ``Galaxies: Origin, Dynamics, Structure” [Sochi, Russia]. Since 2010 referee for the ``Evaluation, selec-tion, and award procedures’’ dell’European Research Council [ERC-FP7], ``Swiss National Science Foundation”, ``Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research’’ [NWO], ``Romanian National Council for Research and Development’’ [PCCA], ``French Research Agency” [FRA]. Italian representative in the Board of ``GAIA Research for European Astronomy Training’’ [GREAT-ITN]

D. Dallacasa: Member of the SOC and LOC of the “IV European Radio Interferome-try School” (Rimini 5-10 September 2011)

G. Giovannini: co-chair of the SOC for the Joint Discussion “The Connection betwe-en Radio Properties and High Energy Emission in AGN” scheduled during the IAU XXVIII General Assembly in Beijng, China 20-31/Aug/2012

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L. Gregorini: Physics Panel Evaluator for Marie Curie Fellowships

S. Pellegrini: co-editor, together with dr. D.W. Kim (CfA, Cambridge, USA), of the book Hot Interstellar Matter in Elliptical Galaxies, Springer. Co-editor (together with dr. D.W. Kim, CfA, Cambridge, USA) of the proceedings of the IAU, for the Joint Discussion “Hot Interstellar Matter in Elliptical Galaxies’’, Highlights of Astro-nomy, vol. 15, Cambridge University Press

C. Vignali: Member of the LOC for the 9 AGN conference (Ferrara, May 2010)

Panorama of Bologna reflected in the heliograph on the terrace of the “Specola”.