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St. John Villa Academy

GRADE 8 SOC STUDIES SUMMER ASSIGNMENT 2015

Task: In a new hardcover notebook, you are to do each of the following chapter outlines section-

by-section with the question written, followed by the answer. You will also be asked to do the

corresponding Study Guide pages for each section. In your new notebook, begin by folding over

the first page and labeling it Chapter 13. Once you complete a chapter, you are to fold over a

page in your notebook and label the next chapter, and then continue until you complete all four

chapters. In addition to the completed outlines, you will be required to do the Graded HW for

each chapter when we return to school in September.

Chapters to complete: 13, 14, 15, and 16.

Within the first three weeks of school in September 2015: I will review each chapter and

check the Q & A’s (as well as the Study Guide pages). For each chapter, you will do the regular

Graded HW. You will also be given a vocabulary quiz and chapter test (not all at the same time,

obviously) as we review and check the work for each of the four summer chapters.

The penalty for not coming to school on the first day with: 1) the notebook work completed:

YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO TAKE THE QUIZ AND EXAM FOR THE THREE

CHAPTERS ASSIGNED. IN REALITY, YOU WILL OBVIOUSLY BEGIN THE YEAR

WITH FOUR ZEROS FOR EXAMS AND FOUR ZEROS FOR QUIZZES.

CHAPTER 13

SECTION 1:

What is a frontier?

At that time, what lands comprised ‘The West’?

What two groups of people did Americans encounter as they moved westward?

Where is the Great Plains? What is the original reason people passed through this area?

Why was farming difficult in this region?

Where is the Northwest? Who occupies it today? Which nations originally occupied it?

What lands comprise what we now call the Southwest? What were they originally called?

What were Mexican settlements like?

Who was Junipero Serra?

What happened in 1821? Why was this important?

What were land grants? Who were rancheros?

Whose lands did both American and Mexican settlers continue to take? What was often

the result? What happened to the Native population by 1850?

What is expansion?

What does the word ‘manifest’ mean? What does the word ‘destiny’ mean?

Put together, in terms of the US, what did manifest destiny come to mean?

SECTION 2

Who were the first Americans to move to the Far West? Why did they go there?

Who was William Becknell? What was the Santa Fe Trail?

Who was John Jacob Astor? What was important about his financial status at that time?

What were mountain men? What was a rendezvous?

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Who was James Beckwourth?

Who were the first people to build permanent homes in the Oregon Country? Who were

Marcus and Narcissa Whitman? What eventually happened to them and others like them?

Why was Oregon a desirable place for many to settle?

What was ‘Oregon fever’?

What was the Oregon Trail?

In general, what was life like in the West?

What was the role, in general, for women in the West?

What was the relationship like in the west between settlers and local Natives?

What was discovered in that region in the 1850’s? In addition to Americans, who else

came to that area in large numbers in search of economic opportunities?

SECTION 3

Which nation controlled Texas?

Who was Moses Austin? Who was Stephen Austin?

What agreement did the settlers and Mexican government make? Was the agreement

kept?

Who were Tejanos?

What did American settlers eventually want?

Who was Gen. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna?

What is a dictatorship?

What did Texans do in 1836?

What is a siege? What is the Alamo? What happened there?

Who was Sam Houston? What happened at the Battle of San Jacinto?

What was the Republic of Texas?

What does it mean to annex? What were the Texans hoping would happen? Did it? Why

or why not?

Who won the Election of 1844? What happened to Texas?

What nations controlled Oregon? What eventually happened there?

What led to tensions between the US and Mexico?

What group of Americans opposed the war with Mexico? Why?

Who captured Santa Anna? What did President Polk then order him to do?

What nation controlled California at that time?

Who was John C. Fremont? What was the Bear Flag Republic?

What eventually happened in California?

Which American generals led the invasion of Mexico? What eventually happened?

What were the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

What was the Gadsden Purchase of 1853? Why was it significant?

SECTION 4

Who were the Mormons? Who was their founder? What is their holy book called?

Why did the Mormons fall out of favor with their neighbors? What is polygamy?

Where did the Mormons move to once they left New York? What happened to Joseph

Smith?

Who was Brigham Young? Where did he lead the Mormons to? Why there?

What three ‘issues’ did the US government have with the Mormons? How were these

issues resolved?

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Who were Californios? How did the US finally gain possession of California?

Who was James Marshall? What important discovery did he make?

What is a forty-niner? How did this terminology come about?

What happened to the population of California?

Where was gold more easily found? Where was it difficult to extract?

What are water rights?

What were vigilantes?

What role did women play there at that time?

Why was California considered to be ‘multicultural’ before that term became politically

correct? How were Californios affected?

CHAPTER 14

SECTION 1:

What happened between 1820 and 1848?

Who was David Wilmot?

What was the Wilmot Proviso? What happened to it?

What is popular sovereignty?

What new political party was formed in August 1848? Who comprised it? Who was its

one and only Presidential candidate?

Why did California become a hotbed of controversy?

What does secede mean?

What is a fugitive slave?

What was the Missouri Compromise? Who proposed it? What did it call for?

What were Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun’s reaction to it?

SECTION 2:

What were the components of the Compromise of 1850?

Which component was the most controversial and why?

Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe? What was her most famous work?

Why did this book cause outrage in the North?

What is propaganda? Why did the South call the book propaganda?

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act call for?

Who was Sen. Stephen Douglas?

Why was Kansas nicknamed ‘Bleeding Kansas’?

Who was John Brown? What incident was he involved in?

What happened in the US Senate that worried many?

SECTION 3:

What new political party was formed in 1854? Who comprised it?

Who was Dred Scott? When his case reached the Supreme Court, what was the Court’s

ruling?

Who was Roger B. Taney?

What was Abraham Lincoln’s reaction to all of this?

Who ran for the US Senate in Illinois in 1858? How did the candidates allow voters to

get to know them better?

List one or two things each candidate said about the other

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Lincoln lost the election, but how did he win by losing?

John Brown reappeared. What happened this time?

What happened to John Brown? What was the reaction of many Northerners?

How did Southerners react to the Northern reaction?

SECTION 4:

Who were the four candidates for President in 1860? Who won? Why was that odd?

Which party had no unity and ‘split the vote’?

What was the Southern reaction when the winner was announced?

Which state seceded first? How many others followed shortly thereafter?

What did this new ‘nation’ call themselves? Where was their capital? Who was their one

and only president?

Which general led the Northern army? The Southern army?

What is a civil war?

How did the Civil War begin?

CHAPTER 15

SECTION 1:

By May of 1865, how many more Southern states seceded?

How did West Virginia come to be?

What does it mean to be neutral?

What is a border state? Name each…

What is martial law?

List a few Northern advantages as the Civil War began

List a few Southern advantages as the Civil War began

List the Northern strategies as the Civil War began

List the Southern strategies as the Civil War began

Describe the events at the Battle of Bull Run

Where did it take place?

Who was the victorious Southern general? What nickname did his men give him after

the battle? Why?

What were the worst prison camps in both the North and South?

SECTION 2:

What were ironclads? Describe the only major sea battle of the Civil War

Who was Gen. George McClellan? What was Lincoln’s ‘problem’ with his military

leadership and style?

What happened at Antietam Creek in Maryland?

What is a casualty?

Who was Gen. Ulysses S. Grant? Why did Lincoln prefer him?

Describe the Battle of Shiloh. Why was this battle strategically important?

SECTION 3:

What does it mean to emancipate?

What was the Emancipation Proclamation? Why did Lincoln wait until after the Battle of

Antietam to issue it?

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How did this document change the goals of the Civil War for the North?

Describe the contributions of African Americans to the North in the war

How did enslaved African Americans in the South resist/rebel during the war?

SECTION 4:

What is habeas corpus? Why did both Lincoln and Jefferson Davis suspend it during the

Civil War?

What is a draft?

What is inflation?

Describe the contributions of women to both the North and South during the Civil War.

List specific women and what they did.

SECTION 5:

Which side won the Battle of Chancellorsville? Why was it devastating for the winning

side?

Why was Gen. Robert E. Lee marching his men toward Washington, DC?

Describe the Battle of Gettysburg

Who was Gen. George Pickett?

How long did the battle last? Which side won? Why was it the turning point of the Civil

War?

What happened at the Battle of Vicksburg?

Why did Lincoln go to Gettysburg, Pennsylvania?

Describe the Gettysburg Address

After Gettysburg, where did Lee take his army? What did Grant do?

What is total war?

Who was Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman?

Describe Sherman’s March to the Sea

Where did Grant trap Lee’s army?

Where did the surrender take place?

What were the casualty #’s for the Civil War?

CHAPTER 16

SECTION 1:

What was Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan?

What is amnesty?

What was the Wade-Davis Bill?

What were freedmen?

What was the Freedmen’s Bureau?

Describe in detail the assassination of Lincoln

Who was John Wilkes Booth?

Who was Lincoln’s successor? What were the expectations surrounding him?

SECTION 2:

What did the Thirteenth Amendment provide?

What was Johnson’s Reconstruction plan like?

What exactly was Reconstruction?

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What were black codes?

What did the Fourteenth Amendment provide?

Who were Radical Republicans?

What was Radical Reconstruction?

Who were Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce?

What were scalawags?

What were carpetbaggers?

What is impeachment?

Why was Johnson impeached? Was he removed?

Who won the Election of 1868?

What did the Fifteenth Amendment provide?

Who was the Ku Klux Klan?

SECTION 3:

Describe the Election of 1876? How did this lead to the end of Reconstruction?

What is a poll tax?

What is a literacy test?

What is a grandfather clause?

What is segregation?

Who was Homer Plessy? What was decided in the US Supreme Court case of Plessy v.

Ferguson?

What is a sharecropper?

What does the term ‘cycle of poverty’ mean?

STUDY GUIDE PAGES

CHAPTER 13:

198-209, 210 (1-4), and 211

CHAPTER 14:

215-226, 227 (1-4), and 228

CHAPTER 15:

229-243, 244 (1-3), and 245

CHAPTER 16:

246-254, 255 (1-4), and 256

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GRADE 8 SUMMER SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT

Your assignment for the summer is to research one of the elements from the periodic table and

present a report on it. Please adhere to the element you chose during chemistry class in June.

Assignment Details

1. The report must be typed Times New Roman, 12 size font, 1.5 spaced, and contain a full

heading.

2. It should be at least one full page and should include; element name, discovery

information (person’s name), ways your element is used (ex. Copper is used for cooking

pots and in electric wiring), element dangers (ex. Mercury in large doses can cause

psychosis), and element geography (where it is found in nature). Also, list and explain at

least two compounds that your element is present in. For example, if you chose Carbon,

you could tell about CaCo3 which is coral. I would also like you to list five fun facts

about your element.

3. The cover of your report must be on a piece of construction paper that has; the symbol of

your element written in the center, its full name underneath, atomic number, and weight

in their respective places. You have seen the example that I presented in class, so please

follow that model. Recall that it resembles the picture below.

4. I will ask for the tangible part of your project beginning on Monday, September 14th.

This is known as the “3-Dimensional Evidence”, and it will be an item that contains your

element within it. It could be handmade, (a sculpture out of Aluminum foil), borrowed (a

Gold chain), or bought in a store (Mountain Dew which contains Barium), or a Helium

balloon).

Have Fun, It’s Elementary

Ms. Connelly

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Incoming Grade 8 Summer Assignment Math

1) This must be completed by the first day of school- Log on to IXL and work on the

following topics:

A) Operations with integers:

E.5Add and subtract integers: word problems (20 questions)

E.8Complete multiplication and division sentences with integers (20

questions)

E.9Simplify expressions involving integers (20 questions)

B) Single-variable equations

V.3Solve one-step linear equations (20 questions)

V.4Solve two-step linear equations (20 questions)

V.5Solve equations involving like terms (20 questions)

2) This is due Monday, September 14, 2015: Complete the Performance Tasks and

show all work on loose-leaf or in the space provided. This part of the summer

assignment will be graded.

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Performance Tasks

1) Party Plans- A surprise party is being planned for George’s younger brother.

George is helping.

a) George needs to buy a rectangular table cloth which will be used to cover the

floor while children do art projects. The width of the table cloth must be

exactly 5 feet wide and the perimeter must be at least 27 feet so there is enough

room. Write and inequality that can be used to find l, the possible length in

feet of the table cloth. Then, solve the inequality. Show your work.

b) Use a number line to represent the solution set for, l, the possible lengths of the

table cloth.

c) George has less than $15.00 to spend on decorations for the party. He spends

$3.75 on streamers and also buys helium balloons. Each filled balloon costs

$1.25. Write an inequality to represent b, the number of balloons George could

buy. Then solve the inequality. Show your work.

2) Walk, Don’t Run- The Walking Club is one of the after-school activities at

Jefferson Middle School. It consists of three groups of walkers. Each group

walks at a different pace. All groups begin together and walk the same 4-mile

trail.

a) Wendy is new to the club. She asks each group how fast they walk. Each

group gives the answer in a different way. Find the speed of each group in

miles per hour.

Group 1: We walk 2 ½ miles per hour.

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Group 2: We walk a mile in 20 minutes.

Group 3: We take 2 hours to walk the trail.

b) How long will it take Group 1 to complete the trail?

c) If each group starts promptly at 2:30 p.m., what time will Group 2 finish?

3) Bike Shop- At Bonnie’s Bike Shop, costumers can buy bikes and bike accessories.

Today there is a big sale. Each item is a certain percent off.

a) The regular price of a helmet Holden buys is $45.00. The sale price of the

helmet is $36.00. What percent discount was applied to the regular price?

Show your work.

b) How much will Holden pay for the helmet in part a if a 7% sales tax is added

to the sale price?

c) A salesperson at the bike shop earns a weekly salary of $400 per week plus a

4% commission on all of her bicycle sales. This week, she sold Ina the

$153.00 bike and also sold 9 other customers the same bike. Assuming she had

no other sales, what were her earnings for the week?

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4) Souvenirs for Everyone- As campers check out, each is given a free souvenir from

Rapid Rivers Campground.

a) To determine which souvenir a camper receives, the camper spins the spinner

below. What is the probability that Kim will receive a t-shirt?

b) Use an organized list, a tree diagram, or a table to show the sample space for

this compound event: Kim spinning the spinner and her sister Lola spinning the

spinner.

c) Using the sample space from part b:

I. What is the probability that both Kim and Lola will get the same

souvenir?

II. What is the probability that both Kim and Lola will both get a t-shirt?

III. What is the probability that neither Kim nor Lola will get a t-shirt?

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2015

ST. JOHN VILLA ACADEMY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

ENTERING GRADE 8 - STATIONERY LIST

SOCIAL STUDIES 8:

1 LARGE HARDCOVER MARBLE NOTEBOOK

ELA/LITERATURE 8:

3-SUBJECT SPIRAL NOTEBOOK

RELIGION 8:

1 LARGE HARDCOVER MARBLE NOTEBOOK

SCIENCE 8

1 MARBLE NOTEBOOK

FOLDER

COLORED PENCILS OR CRAYONS

HIGHLIGHTER

MATH 8

3-SUBJECT SPIRAL NOTEBOOK

1 GRAPH PAPER NOTEBOOK

PROTRACTOR

RULER

1 FOLDER

PENCILS

SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR

GENERAL SUPPLIES: BOOK BAG, BOOK COVERS/SOCKS

AMPLE LOOSE LEAF, 5 ADDITIONAL FOLDERS, RED & BLACK

PENS (WORK CANNOT BE DONE IN BLUE INK), ADDITIONAL

HIGHLIGHTERS

*ONE REAM WHITE COPY PAPER (8 ½ x 11”)

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~~ GRADES 5-8 ~~

1 sturdy zippered bag large enough to store all art supplies labeled with student’s name and grade

1 box of Crayola crayons (24 counts)

2 sharpened pencils

1 large eraser

1 ruler

1 pencil sharpener

1 Elmer’s glue & 1 glue stick

1 children’s scissors

1 box washable chubby markers

1 smock or old t-shirt for messy projects

1 package of construction paper

1 box water colors

1 box colored pencils