Grade 8 Science ­ Chapter 11.notebook

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March 30, 2014

Grade 8 Science

Unit 4: Cells, Tissues, Organs, and SystemsChapter 11

Levels of Organization

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ Systems

Organisms

Grade 8 Science ­ Chapter 11.notebook

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March 30, 2014

TissuesTissues are groups of similar cells that are found in all multicellular organisms

Examples:‐ Muscle tissue‐ Nerve tissue‐ Epithelial tissue

Organs Organs are groups of tissues, but are made up of two or more types of tissues

Organs are distinct structures that perform specific functions

Examples:‐ Lungs‐ Kidneys‐ Heart

SystemsAll systems have the following characteristics:

1) Made up of individual parts that work together as a whole2) Often connected to one or more systems3) If one part of a system is missing or damaged, the system will not function well or at all

Organ systems are a group of organs that perform activities that help the body as a whole

We will look at 6 organ systems:1) Digestive System2) Circulatory System3) Nervous System4) Respiratory System5) Excretory System6) Muscular System Read: Page 420‐423 and 426‐430

Bookwork: Page 425 ‐ 1, 3, 4, 7, 8

Grade 8 Science ­ Chapter 11.notebook

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March 30, 2014

Digestive SystemFunction: to take in and break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate solid waste

Consists of:‐ Mouth‐ Gall Bladder‐ Small Intestine‐ Liver‐ Stomach‐ Large Intestine‐ Esophagus‐ Pancreas

Circulatory System

Function: to transport blood, nutrients (chemicals needed for survival), gases, and wastes

Consists of:‐ Heart‐ Veins‐ Arteries‐ Capillaries

Grade 8 Science ­ Chapter 11.notebook

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March 30, 2014

Nervous System

Function: to detect changes in the environment and to signal these changes to the body which then carries out a response

Consists of:‐ Brain‐ Sense organs (eyes, ears, nose,tongue, skin)‐ Spinal cord‐ Nerves

Respiratory SystemFunction: to control breathing, and exchange gases in lungs and tissues

Consists of:‐ Nasal Cavity‐ Trachea‐ Lungs

Grade 8 Science ­ Chapter 11.notebook

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March 30, 2014

Excretory System

Function: to remove liquid and gases in lungs and tissues

Consists of:‐ Kidneys‐ Urinary Bladder

Muscular System

Function: to work with the bones to move body parts

Consists of: muscle tissue connected to bones throughout the body

Bookwork: Page 431 ‐ #'s 1‐6 Page 432 ‐ #'s 2, 6