Infectious and Non-Infectious DiseasesGrade 7 Health

What is the difference between an infectious and a non-infectious disease?

• Infectious diseases are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another where as a non-infectious disease can not. • Example: an infectious disease that can be spread is the

influenza (flu) or HIV. An example of a non-infectious disease is diabetes or cancer.

Similarities between infectious & non-infectious diseases• Both infectious & non-infectious

diseases can:1. Affect people of any age2. Can affect a person’s physical

health; this means they may cause part of a person’s body not to work right

3. Can affect a person’s mental health4. Can affect a person’s social health5. Can affect people in an economic

way; they may cause a person to spend money

How can an infectious disease spread?

• Infectious diseases can spread through direct contact:• Person to person contact

by touching, coughing on or kissing another infected person which causes bacteria and viruses to pass from one person to another• Animal to person contact

by being scratched or bitten by an infected animal or in some cases handling infected animal waste.

How can infectious diseases be spread?• Infectious diseases can be spread through indirect

contact:• Some bacteria and viruses can live periodically on non

living items such as table tops and door knobs. If a person who is infected touches these things the bacteria and viruses can be passed to a non infected person if they touch them.• Animal Bites can transfer diseases through mosquito

bites, fleas, ticks or lice• Food Contamination can cause people to become ill

through contaminated water or under cooked food (ex: e-coli) and unwashed fruits and vegetables.

What are some infectious and non-infectious diseases?INFECTIOUS DISEASES NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Flu H1N1 diabetes

rabies cancer

cold ADHD

AIDS, HIV Athsma

STDs Tetanus

Chicken pox Dyslexia

Pneumonia CP

Whooping cough Heart conditions

Pink eye Arthritis

Infectious Disease Examples• Food poisoning• Measles• Chicken Pox• Cold• Nile Virus• E.coli virus• Mononucleosis (Mono)• Warts• Influenza (flu), H1N1

Non-Infectious Disease Examples• Asthma• allergies• diabetes• Heart disease• cancer• arthritis• epilepsy• Multiple sclerosis• Anorexia, bulimia

Read and Analyze• Read the three articles (cold, flu and hand

washing) and answer the following questions:1. How do people catch colds? The flu?2. What are the symptoms of a cold? How long can

a cold last?3. What are the symptoms of the flu? How long can

a flu last?4. What system in your body is under attack when

you have a cold or the flu?5. What can you do to avoid getting a cold? The flu?6. How do immunizations work?

Non-infectious Diseases• Non-infectious diseases are

not contagious. This means that you can not catch it from another person. Often times certain non-infectious diseases such as cancer, heart conditions or mental disorders can be genetic.

• This means that while you can’t “catch” the illness from another person often times it seems to pass from one generation to another.

Signs and Symptoms• Often times when people do not feel well they will

say that they have the “signs” or “symptoms” of a certain illness.

• Signs and symptoms are not the same thing.• A sign is something physical that a doctor can

discover in an examination. An example of a “sign” is a fever as often times fever is a sign of an infection. • For example: Otitis Media (ear infection) is a type of

infection that is often accompanied by a fever that will not go away with over the counter medication such as Tylenol or Advil.

Signs and Symptoms• A Symptom is

something that a patient feels and can not be detected by a doctor. However, when a patient experiences symptoms it is important that you tell your doctor what you are feeling as this can help them determine your illness.

Otitis Media (Ear Infection)

Living with a Disease• People who have both infectious or non-infectious

diseases may have difficulty coping with day to day life.

• People with diseases can have a lot of stress on themselves and in their family.

• Certain diseases require a lot of medical expenses such as hospital care, medication, transportation, hotels, food, etc which may be difficult for some families to afford this care.

• Some diseases do not allow people to work which can cause difficulty and stress for families to pay their bills to buy food, clothes, medicine, car payment, house payment, etc.

Living with a Disease• Recently many soldiers have been

diagnosed with a disease called “Post Traumatic Stress Disorder” which can cause them to have nightmares, violent outbursts, sleep problems among other things. These soldiers have to undergo extensive therapy to help them understand their disease and find ways to help them cope in day to day life. Unfortunately some of these soldier suffer so greatly that they never recover from the trauma they experienced which causes the health care system to spend large sums of money on treatment that both you and I are responsible to provide through taxes.

Assignment• Research FOUR diseases (two infectious and

two non-infectious)• For each disease, find: • What is the disease ( create a definition in your OWN

words) • How is it transmitted, and if not, why?

• What are the 2-3 effects on the body?

• What can be done to prevent or lessen the chances of getting this disease (medication, protection, habits, health choice, etc…)

Information on Diseases• http://www.cdc.gov/az/• http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/id-mi/index-eng.php

Sharing your research• When it’s your turn, present ONE infectious and

ONE non-infectious disease to your group.

• When you are not presenting, you will need to take notes on what your group members are saying! For ONE of the diseases that is presented to you, write a short summary of what you’ve learned.

• For ex: “Malaria – I learned that it is transmitted through mosquito bites. It can give you fever, chills and even kill you. It’s common in Africa and South America.”

Assignment• Create a color poster that shows FOUR ways to

prevent infectious 0r non-infectious diseases

• Underneath, write a paragraph explaining your FOUR drawings

For ex: “One way to prevent infectious diseases is to wash your hands because bacteria is transmitted through touch. Another way is to eat healthy because….”