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Lei Yang, Ji Qi, Yuan Tian
GPU Computing for Multiple Physics Coupling of ADS
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Simulations of new spallation targets
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Simulations of new spallation targets
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Population
Civilization Original Agriculture Industrial
Steam Engine
Time
1) Relation between Population and Time 2) 2 Phase transition 3) Using Non-manpower
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
The world faces a daunting array of energy challenges. Oil remains indispensable to the global economy, but it is increasingly produced in places that present big commercial, environmental, and geopolitical risks; greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere; and the odds that the world will face catastrophic climate change are increasing. These problems will only worsen as global demand for energy rises.
acid rain
fossil fuels Three per cent loss of GDP
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Hydroelectric power plant Nuclear power plant
Solar/wind power plants
Wind power is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
The nuclear power plant stands on the border between humanity's greatest hopes and its deepest fears for the future. Atomic energy offers a clean energy with huge demand.
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Simulations of new spallation targets
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Now in global ~15% France ~80%; Japan、Germany、Korean ~30%; USA、Russian、UK ~20% -> 30%; China ~2%->15%.
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
秦山一期核电厂300MW
1991年12月15日并网发电
秦山二期650MW核电站
1、2机组分别与2002年2月6日、2004年5月并网发电
1、2机组分别与2002年11月19日、2003年6月并网发电
秦山三期核电站
大亚湾核电厂2×900MW
1994年2月1日和5月6日
两个机组分别投入商业运行
岭澳核电站
1、2机组分别与2002年2月26日、2002年9月并网发电
1、2机组分别与2006年5月12日、2007年5月并网发电
江苏田湾核电站
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
辽宁红沿河核电站 4台机组主体工程于2007年8月陆续开工
福建宁德核电站 4台机组主体工程于2008年2月陆续开工
福清核电站6X1000MW 1、2号机组2008年12月开工图为2号机组第一罐混凝土
方家山 2X1000MW核电站 1、2号机组2008年12月开工
三门核电站 2X1250MW AP1000 (三代机型) 2009年3月开工
海阳核电站 2X1250MW AP1000 (三代机型) 2009年9月开工
Westinghouse Electric Com. Third G.R.
昌江核电站 2×650MW 2010年4月25日开工
防城港核电2×1000MW 2010年7月30日开工
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Operation: 10.234GWe/11 reactors
Constructing: 25.90GWe/23 reactors
Designing: 44.27GWe/39 reactors
Planning: 120.0GWe/120reactors PS:1GWe=1M kW
Long term development plan
2020
70GWe (5~6% TIC, 7% TGC)
2030
200GWe (10% TIC, 15% TGC)
2050
400GWe (16% TIC, 22% TGC)
TIC: total installed capacity
TGC: total generating capacity
Several years later
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
U235 0.72%
U235 3% 0.85% U235
+0.7% Plutonium
once-through fuel cycle
Three Mile island
Fukushima
Deep geological
repository
Resource waste
Not Inherent safety
Non-proliferation resistance
Nuclear waste disposal
Chernobyl
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Just built 10-15 years later 1000 years later
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Simulations of new spallation targets
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
1GW nuclear plant (PWR) produces several 10 tons waste per year.
In the past 30 years, most of 100s nuclear reactors use the way to disposal the waste in USA. At present, 45k tons waste has been produced and still increases 2000 tons per year.
In China, the pressure of waste disposal will be heavier in around 2030. At that time, it will be 3200 tons high-level waste per year according the long term plan.
Report of《 ADS and FR in Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles 》NEA/ OECD ADS is better at burning waste than
fast reactors ADSs employing a fast neutron
spectrum and solid, could support more PWR waste transmutation to transmute transuranics or minor actinides
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Natural U
Time(year)
Rad
ioac
tive
to
xic
Toxic:time 1 000x; volume 100x
Open fuel cycle Close fuel cycle Separation transmutation cycle ADS + Close cycle
Extract ADS
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
power: Demo facility:~10MW
Density of power deposition:X kW/cm^3 ~ XX kW/cm^3
Demo facility :~1MW=100.0MeV@10mA
accelerator Spallation target Subcritical core
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
power deposition by proton beam
Spallation reaction
Heat
deposition
Power deposition
Physical character motion
Beam – plasma interaction
multi-physical process coupled
Hydra dynamical instability?
Shock wave?
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
ADS Facility
Year
Be
am Po
wer (kW
)
ESS
Liquid Metal Target
Solid target
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
? : tens of MW target for ATW
Liquid target
Solid target: rotating target can enlarge relatively the beam spot
Porosint target: Packed beds (rod, ball, etc), increasing coolant contact surface.
Average Beam intensity: <10 μ A/cm^2
Average Beam intensity :
<30 μ A/cm^2
Average Beam intensity :
<20 μ A/cm^2
High Power Spallation target
rotating moving target
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Challenges in Simulation
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Powder Jet (ISIS)
Proton Beam
Gra
nu
lar
flo
w b
y gr
avit
y
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Target Body; Heat Exchanger; Solid horizontal Transport ; Dreg Filter; Gas-Solid Separator; Gas Dust Filter; Gas Heat Exchanger; Gas Blower ; Gas Pipes; Gas-Solid Mixer; Solid Lifter
parameters
Granular material Tungsten/Tungsten alloy
Structure material TZM/SiC
Granular size 20±10mm
Inlet temperature
of granular
250 C
Outlet temperature
of granular
350 C
Proton beam 100MeV@1mA=10MW
Intensity of beam >10 μ A/cm^2
Diameter of beam spot
20cm
Average velocity of granular flow
~2.9m/s
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Energy Crisis
Nuclear power and two problems
ADS
New Spallation Targets
Simulations of new spallation targets
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
DIY in 2008 5.08Tflops
200 Tesla C1060 in 2010 200Tflops
21 Tesla M2090+ 48 Tesla K20 in 2012
70Tflops
Chute flow
Hopper flow
Dense granular
Janssen’s effect
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Particles re-mapping
Halo transfer
The particles which reside in red cells will be transfered to subdomain N-1. The particles which reside In blue cells will be transfered to subdomain N+1.
The red cells are the halo of subdomain N-1 and the blue cells are the halo of subdomain N+1. The data of halos will be Transferred to neighborring subdomains.
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Comm. time per step
Percentages of Comm. time efficiency
PSS: particles step per second
Mass parallel Simulation: Contact mechanism + MD + MC transport K20GPU Number of particles: 2.0 M
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Temperature distribution (10MW=100MeV@10mA)
Fraction of volume distribution
Temperature distribution (2.5MW=25MeV@10mA)
Fraction of volume vs. time neutronics
Maximum erosion estimation distribution
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Nuclear is a good choice in energy
ADS is a good choice to solve the main problems of
nuclear power
Granular target provides a possibility to meet the demand
of ADS
Collaborate to design the granular target and reactor and
accelerator
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China
Thank you!
CO-DESIGN 2013, Guilin, Guangxi, China