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Governance in Agricultural Extension -
Innovations and Issues
Dr. P. Chandra Shekara, Director (Agri.Extn.)National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management
[MANAGE], Hyderabad
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National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology [NMAET]
Implemented in 12th plan
Four Sub Missions
- Sub Mission on Agricultural Extension [SAME]
- Sub Mission on Seed and Planting material [SMSP]
- Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization [SMAM] - Sub Mission on Plant Protection and Plant quarantine [SMPP] Extension and Technology are blended through Sub
Missions under NMAET.
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Extension Reforms – Key Guiding Principles
New institutional arrangements – Decentralized decision making.
Convergence of line departments – Gap filling mode.
Multi agency extension strategies – Encourage private sector (minimum 10% allocation).
Broad-based extension delivery (FSA). Group approach to extension – CIGs. Gender concerns-Minimum 30% allocation. Sustainability of extension services – Minimum
10% beneficiary contribution. Bottom-up planning. Convergence of programmes. 3
Agri-Entrepreneurs
Block Technology Team
District TrainingCentre, KVK & ZRS
SAMETI&SAU/ICAR Inst..State Farmers
Advisory committee
Farm Schools
Block Farmers AdvisoryCommittee
District Farmers Advisory Comittee
CIGs,FIGs, FARMERS/FARM WOMEN
BlockATMA Cell
Farmer Friend
State Nodal Cell
ATMA(GB & MC)
DAC,MoA, GoI
MANAGE/EEIs
State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC)
Inter Departmental Working Group (IDWG)
FUND
FLOW
WORK
PLAN
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Issues
Quality of SREPs Convergence among Public-Public and Public-
Private Programmes
R-E-F-M - Linkages
Active participation of Farmers Advisory
Committees
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Launched on 9th April 2002 Professionalizing Agricultural Extension Self employment opportunity for qualified Agriculture
professionals Two months free residential training on Agri-
Entrepreneurship One year handholding support Start-up loan up to Rs.20 lakhs 36-44% credit linked back-ended composite subsidy Training and handholding through 108 Nodal Training
Institutes 41, 486 were trained. 16,605 Established Agri-ventures. 32 Categories of activities.
Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres Scheme
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Sl.No.
Name of the Activity No. of Agriventures Established
1 Agri-Clinics 2,458
2 Agri-Clinics and Agribusiness Centres
6,069
3 Agro-Eco Tourism 10
4 Animal Feed Unit 44
5 Bio-fertilizer production and Marketing
98
6 Contract Farming 55
7 Cultivation of Medicinal Plants 111
8 Direct Marketing 168
9 Farm Machinery Unit 479
10 Fisheries Development 295
Agro-ventures Established (16-12-2014)
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Sl.No.
Name of the Activity No. of Agriventures Established
11 Floriculture 95
12 Horticulture Clinic 125
13 Landscape + Nursery 109
14 Nursery 413
15 Organic Farming 85
16 Pesticides Production and Marketing 34
17 Post Harvest Management + Value addition
235
18 Fisheries Clinic 14
19 Seed Processing and & Agri-business 312
20 Soil Testing Laboratory 100
21 Tissue culture unit 28 8
Sl.No.
Name of the Activity No. of Agri ventures
Established
22 Vegetable production & Marketing 158
23 Vermi Composting / Organic manure 473
24 Veterinary Clinics 823
25 Crop production 187
26 Dairy/Poultry/Piggery/Goat etc., 3,361
27 Rural Godowns 46
28 Production & Marketing of Bio-Control Agents
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29 Agriculture Journalism 16
30 Sericulture 42
31 Mushroom Cultivation 72
32 Apiary 76
Total 16,6059
MAS started in 2006, is an Agri-services and training centre on wheels moving from village to village equipped with Audio-visual Aids such as Projector, Screen, Laptop, Electronic Board and CDs on best farm practices.
Offers Agri-inputs and consultancy services at the door steps of the farmer.
Extension services – Imparts training in the bus itself at the village on ATMA activities and other Government programmes.
Provides on farm services to farmers such as Soil testing. Plans to replicate the model in Neighbouring States. Farmer covered – 46,850 in 26 districts of Jharkhand and Bihar
States. Direct Employment to 11 persons. Annual turnover Rs.35 lakhs.
Mr. Vijay Bharat, Post Graduate in AgricultureFounder of “Mobile Agricultural School (MAS)” Ranchi, Jharkhand
Ph: 09431588284, email: [email protected]
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Impact
Increase in yield -17.4%
Increase in income - 28.8%
Extension coverage - 38 Villages per Agripreneur
Employment created - 6 per Agri-venture
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42% of the trained candidates have established Agri- ventures.
10% of the established Agripreneurs obtained loan.
5% of the established Agripreneurs obtained subsidy.
Poor linkages with ATMA.
Lack of Agripreneurship Component in Agriculture education.
Issues
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Objective is to transform Input Dealers into Para-Extension
Workers.
Study material in local language.
48 Contact classes and field visits on Market holidays at
District level spread over an year.
Self financed program - Course fee of Rs.20,000/- per
candidate.
Some states meeting a part of course fee.
So far 3,346 Input Dealers were trained across the country.
Conducted 3rd Party evaluation - Outcome very encouraging.
Refresher Programs started.
Diploma in Agricultural Extension Services for Input Dealers (DAESI)
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DAESI programme is ‘very relevant for 52% of input dealers and ‘relevant’ for 48% to their profession.
Increase in confidence level in post DAESI years as rated as “high” by 73%“ very high” by 4% and “moderate” by 23%
Agriculture Department officials (90%) expressed that the DAESI trained Agri-input dealers are actively participating in providing extension services to farmers.
Customer base for 81% of DAESI trained input dealers increased in post DAESI years.
Business income enhanced for 81% of the input dealers.
60% of the farmers satisfied with the advices given by the DAESI trained input dealers.
Average number of villages and farmers covered per retail Agri-input dealer is 38 and 1071.
Third Party Evaluation of DAESI
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Issues
Self financing of the programme
Utilization of DAESI trained Input Dealers in Extension
Business interest V/s Business Ethics
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Strengthening Agricultural Extension
Shifting focus from means to ends
Shifting focus from production to farmer.
1.25 lakh Common Service Centres and 1.55 lakh
Post offices as Extension Delivery Points.
Certified Crop Advisors
Vocationalization of Agriculture
Social security to farmers
Accountability - Farmers Charter
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