Good Job !!!

Revise Again ! Condition Sign & Symptoms Treatment

Asthma(Breathing Problem

due to sudden narrowing of airways)

•Casualty found near water source•Grey-blue tinge to the lips, ear lobes and nail beds•Usually noted with Coughing if conscious•Hypothermia Symptoms

1. Remove casualty from source2. Assure casualty and encourage casualty to sit

upright and breath normally3. Prepare to perform CPR if casualty becomes

unconscious4. Monitor Vital Signs and seek medical help

Hyperventilation(Over-Breathing and is

unable to control his/her breathing)

•Coughing•Wheezing sound as casualty breathes out•Difficulty Speaking•Possible Paleness, blueness of lips, earlobes and finger tips

1. Remove any constriction on neck(if possible)2. Lay casualty onto back and perform ABC check3. Prepare to either perform CPR (If Unconscious) or

place casualty to recovery position (if Conscious) 4. Monitor Vital Signs and seek medical aid

Drowning(Water trapped in

lungs and obstructs it from absorbing

oxygen)

•Headache & Confusion•Rapid, Noisy, difficult breathing•Vomiting may occur•Impaired Consciousness

1. Remove casualty from water source2. Lay casualty onto back and perform ABC check3. Prepare to either perform CPR (If Unconscious) or

place casualty to recovery position (if Conscious)4. Protect casualty from developing Hypothermia

and seek medical aid

Strangulation(Constriction to the

airways)

•Signs of Constriction around the neck•Congestion of pace with prominent veins, possible tiny red spots on face and whites of eye•Grey-blue skin•Impaired Consciousness

1. Reassure casualty and remove cause of distress2. Encourage casualty to take slow, regular breaths,

Guide him/her with his/her breathing3. Seek medical aid if condition does not improve

within 5 minutes

Fume Inhalations(Inhalation of gases

which affects Oxygen absorption)

•Dizziness or faintness•Cramps in the hands and feet•Attention-seeking behavior•Normal or Pink Skin Color

1. Reassure Casualty2. Help in administering and medication that have

been prescribed for the casualty3. Monitor vital signs and ensure adequate fresh air4. Seek medical aid if necessary

Disorder of Respiratory System – Hypoxia Skill Assessment

Name: __________________________Date : __________________________

Good Job !!!

Revise Again ! Condition Sign & Symptoms Treatment

FIT AKA Convulsions

(Involuntary contractions of

many of the muscle in the body)

•Intense headache with level of response deteriorating as time pass•Unequal or dilated pupils•Recent head injury•Drowsiness or change of personality

1. If casualty is conscious, monitor vital signs every 10 minutes2. If casualty is unconscious, be prepared to perform CPR or

place him/her in recovery position3. If the casualty does not regain conscious in 3 minutes, call

for ambulance4. Monitor Vital signs and advise casualty to see doctor

Skull Fracture

•Breath-holding, Congested face & neck or drooling at the mouth•Violent muscle twitching, with clenched fists and arched back•Loss of , or altered, consciousness

1. Check ABC. If casualty is unconscious, perform CPR if needed.

2. Help conscious casualty to lie down head and shoulder raised, head turn to side to discharge any fluid from ear.

3. Cover bleeding with dressing & Control any other bleeding4. Monitor vital signs and call for ambulance

Cerebral Compression

(Pressure exerted on the brain within the

skull)

•Soft area or depression of the scalp•A wound or bruise on the head•Progressive deterioration in level of consciousness•Clear fluid or watery blood coming from nose or ear

1. Make space around casualty and ask by-standers to move away

2. Loosen clothing around neck, protect casualty’s head if needed

3. Place casualty into recovery position when the symptom stops

4. Monitor Vital signs and seek medical aid if situation persist for more than 5 minutes

Concussion(Temporary

Disturbance of the brain)

•Slurred or garbled speech•Unequal pupils•Pounding Pulse•Head and eyes turn to one side•Lose of movement and feeling on one side of body

1. Arrange urgent removal to hospital2. If casualty is conscious, assure casualty and allow him/her to

be in a comfortable resting position3. Stop any bleeding4. Monitor Vital Signs

Stroke(Blood supply to part of brain is

seriously impaired by blood clot or ruptured artery)

•Brief Period of impaired consciousness following a blow or violent shake of the head•Dizziness or nausea•Loss of memory with mild, generalized headache

1. Seek Medical Aid urgently2. Reassure casualty, loosen any tight clothing3. If casualty is conscious, support casualty head and shoulder

on pillow, incline head to affected side . Place towel on shoulder to absorb any dribbling.

4. Monitor vital signs till help arrives

Disorder of Consciousness – Interruption to brain activitySkill Assessment

Name: __________________________Date : __________________________

Good Job !!!

Revise Again ! Condition Sign & Symptoms Treatment

Headache

•High temperature or fever•Skin rash•Confusion and disorientation•Dislike of bright light•Neck Stiffness, joints and muscle ache

1. Help casualty to sit/lie down2. Apply cold compress or medicated oil to relieve pain3. See medical aid if pain if severe or accompanied with fever

or vomiting4. See medical aid if it occurs after a head injury or with stiff

neck

Meningitis(Lining surrounding

brain and spinal cord get inflamed)

•Weakness, faintness or hunger•Rapid and strong pulse•Casualty may display signs of confusion•Muscle tremors•Carries Insulin syringes, tablets or gel

1. Seek Medical aid and describe symptoms to medical assistance and raise your concerns that it may be meningitis

2. Assure casualty, monitor vital signs and sponge casualty’s face to help cooling

Migraine(Severe, “Sickening”

headache)

•Disturbance of vision in forms of flickering light•Intense throbbing headache•Nausea and vomiting•Sensitive to bright light and loud sound

1. Help casualty with any medication that was give to him/her2. Advise casualty to lie down or sleep in quiet dark room

Diabetics – Hyperglycemia (unable to control high sugar level in

blood)

•Accompanied with illness like flu•Tiredness, stress or undue heat or cold•Stuffy or fume filled atmosphere or drugs

1. Give casualty sugary drinks, sweet food every 10 minutes till medical aid arrives or casualty recovers

2. Loosen tight clothing3. Allow casualty to self administrator insulin (Via Jab or Gel)

Diabetics – Hypoglycemia (Unable to control low sugar level in

blood)

•Casualty complain of thirst•Warm dry skin with rapid pulse and breathing•Vomiting and excessive urination •Drowsy•Fruity / Sweet Breath

1. Arrange for ambulance to send casualty to hospital2. Monitor and record vital signs. Be prepared to give

CPR/Recovery Position if casualty becomes unconscious

Disorder of Consciousness – Interruption to brain activitySkill Assessment

Name: __________________________Date : __________________________

Question True False

In a mild asthma attack, the attack should ease within 15 minutes

Casualty suffering from mild hypoxia increases the casualty’s ability to think clearly

Casualty can suffer from secondary drowning hours after incident* Secondary Drowning – Condition where air passage has been irritated by water, swells and stop performing oxygen absorption

Can a brain tumor cause cerebral compression?

Is the casualty allowed to eat, drink smoke if casualty suffers for any disorder to his/her consciousness?If Yes, why is it allowed? _____________________________________________________________If No, why is it not allowed? __________________________________________________________

One possible symptom of Meningitis is skin rash. To determine if its Meningitis, press a glass over the skin rash. If it fades under the glass, first aider is to suspect Meningitis

If your casualty is suffering from Hypoglycemia and his/her consciousness is impaired, first aiders are not to give casualty anything to eat or drink

If as casualty has his/her own insulin syringe or gel, do you administer it for the casualty?