Kingdom Archaebacteria “The Extremists”

a) Methanogens:a) Live in swamps and animal digestive tracts

b) Break down organic matter to produce gas (methane)

b) Halophilesa) Salt-lovers

b) Live in salty water: Great Salt Lake, Utah & The Dead Sea

c) Thermophiles/Acidophilesa) Heat Lovers/Acid Lovers

b) Live in hot, acidic water

c) Produce food for the aquatic food chain

Kingdom Eubacteria “your average, everyday bacteria”

a) The heterotrophsa) Live EVERYWHERE

b) Use organic molecules as food

c) The bacteria that make you sick

b) Photosynthetic autotrophsa) Live in places with lots of sunlight

b) Make their own food from the sun

c) Ex) Cyanobacteria

c) Chemosynthetic autotrophsa) Make their own food but not from the sun

b) Convert inorganic molecules into food

http://www.sesamestreet.org/video_player/-/pgpv/videoplayer/0/ce51f043-d1ef-422d-854f-ea7b30f19a94/wash_your_hands_before_you_eat

Number of Cells– Unicellular– Each organism

is made of one cell.

Tuberculosis

Type of cellsType of cells– ProkaryoticProkaryotic– No nucleusNo nucleus

Genetic MaterialDNA – in one

circular chromosome, floating around in the cell.)

Bacteria Bacteria StructureStructure

http://www.sesamestreet.org/video_player/-/pgpv/videoplayer/0/c31c4dc4-157d-11dd-9bc7-777dea8a73e7/i_gotta_be_clean

1. Sexual Reproduction 1. Sexual Reproduction

by conjugationby conjugationCell connects to Cell connects to another cell by another cell by its pilus and its pilus and transfers its transfers its DNA.DNA.

2. Asexual reproductionby binary fission

Cell copies DNA, then divides in half.

3. Bacterial Mummies! 3. Bacteria can turn themselves into SPORES

(like mummified bacteria) when the conditions around them get rough.– Forms endospore = forms thick wall and encloses

DNA and cytoplasm

• When more water or food becomes available, they can “come back to life” again!

• Some bacteria can stay spores for YEARS!

Nourishment:Nourishment:

1.1.autotrophic autotrophic bacteria bacteria make their make their own food.own food.

2.2.HeterotrophHeterotrophic bacteria ic bacteria must find a must find a food source food source to feed off.to feed off.

Movement:Movement:Bacteria move

using their flagella!

Salmonella

Bacteria & FoodBacteria & Food

• Swiss Cheese• Crunchy Pickles• Yogurt• Vinegar• Sauerkraut

Bacteria

produce

vitamins &

help digest

foods!

Bacteria & DiseaseBacteria & DiseaseDisease Bacterium Transmission Mode

Strep Throat & Toxic Shock

Streptococcus aureus Inhaled or ingested

Tuberculosis Microbacterium tuberculosis Inhaled

Tetanus Clostridum tetani Puncture Wound

Lyme Disease Lyme borreliosis Bite of infected tick

Tooth Decay Streptococcus mutans Bacteria in mouth

Bacteria & MedicineBacteria & Medicine

• Streptomycin

• Bacitracin

• Neomycin

Antibiotics Antibiotics made from 1 made from 1 bacteria that bacteria that

can kill can kill another another bacteriabacteria