Welcome to HTLS ConductorWelcome to HTLS Conductor

1. Capacity Upgrading

2. HTLS Conductor

3. Experience

4. Summary

* HTLS Conductor: High Temperature Low Sag Conductor

Increase in demand for electricity is a big issue of the dayin many countries.

Very high cost to install new power lines

Too difficult to acquire tower sitesand right-of-way

Not enough time to built new lines

Popular feeling against construction ofhigh voltage overhead linesin urban and suburban areas

Very high cost to install new power lines

Too difficult to acquire tower sitesand right-of-way

Not enough time to built new lines

Popular feeling against construction ofhigh voltage overhead linesin urban and suburban areas

Re-conductoring of existing lineswith

High Temperature& Low Sag Conductor

Re-conductoring of existing lineswith

High Temperature& Low Sag Conductor

However, Solution

Background1. Capacity Upgrading1. Capacity Upgrading

Optimized HTLSC2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

Sag

CurrentCapacity Reliability

Installation

Economics

OptimizedHTLS Conductor

High current capacity

Low sag-tension property

Easy and rapid installationCompatible toexisting installation method

Long term reliability

Conductor costLabor costLow line loss

The cutting edge technologies of capacity upgrading apply to various types of conductor.

Developmental Trend

GAPConductor

Ampacity

1910 1960 1980 20001990

ACSRAAAC

Year1880

Copperx 1.0

x 1.5

x 2.0

GAPConductor

STACIRACSS

4

2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

Increase G.clearanceunder same capacity

Upratingwith equivalent sag

Upratingfor long span

Upratingwith increased sag

Application

x 1.0

x 2.0

x 1.5

x 1.55

x 1.0

Max.currentRatioConductorCore

90 oCAlCFCCACFR

210 oCSTAlINVARSTACIR

150 oCHi-TAlSteelHi-TACSR

150 oCTAlSteelTACSR

90 oCAlSteelACSR

Max.operating

temp.

MaterialConductor

1

2

3

4

5

Key materials

TACSR2

Hi-TACSR3

1ACFR5 * A key to abbreviations:

TAl: Thermal Resistant Aluminum-AlloyHi-TAl: High-tensile Strength Thermal Resistant Aluminum-Alloy STAl: Super Thermal Resistant Aluminum-AlloyINVAR: a kind of Ni-Fe AlloyCFCC: Carbon Fiber Composite Cable

STACIR Conductor2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

High Strength AWAluminum-clad Invar

High Strength AWAluminum-clad Invar

STALSuper Thermal Resistant

Al-Alloy Conductor

STALSuper Thermal Resistant

Al-Alloy Conductor

Ampacity Upgrading : x 2 ACSR

No limitation for application area: Heavy wind & snow, galloping area

Equivalent Sag-Tension Propertiesto conventional ACSR

No Modification & Reinforcementon Existing Tower

Easy Installation with Same Method& Equipment as ACSR’s

Reduced Design Time and Cost

High Reliability with Strong Track Record

* Invar is a 36%Ni-Fe Alloy

STAL Conductor

Comparison with other conductors

STAL wire containing Zr element has improved annealing resistance properties without loss of strength at high operating temperature.

Annealing Characteristics for Al Wire

0 100 200 300 400 50050

60

70

80

90

100

110

Res

idua

l stre

ngth

, %

Aging temperature, oCX1hr

HAL STAL

16.2~17.9

STAL

2.7

60

22.9~25.7

16.2~17.9

Hi-TALHAL

2.7

55

2.7

61

16.2~17.9

TAL

2.7

60

Tensile Strength(kgf/mm2)

Density(g/cm3)

Conductivity(%IACS)

STACIR

15090

Hi-TACSR(River-crossing)ACSR

150

Allo

wab

leTe

mp.

(oC

)

ApplicableConductor

Continuous

Emergency 240180120 180

TACSR

x 2.0x 1.5x 1.0Ampacity x 1.5

210

2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

* HAL : Hard-drawn ALuminum wire* TAL : Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy wire* Hi-TAL: HIgh-tensile strength Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy Wire * STAl : Super Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy Wire

INVAR Core

-100 0 100 200 300 4000

10

20

30

40

Dim

ensi

on C

hang

e,

m

Temperature, oC

x1/3

• Invar is a 36%Ni-Iron Alloy• Low thermal expansion coefficient

at high operating temperatureEquivalent Sag and Lower Tension

at High Operating Temperaturex2 CapacityUpgrading

-

400

800

1,200

1,600

2,000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300Cable Temperature - deg C

Cab

le S

ag -

mm

ACSR 795kCM ‘Drake’

STACIR 795kCM ‘Drake’

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

0 50 100 150 200 250 300Cable Temperature - deg C

Cab

le T

ensi

on -

kg

Tension vs Temperature *

Sag vs Temperature *

ACSR 795kCM ‘Drake’

STACIR 795kCM ‘Drake’

Thermal Expansion

Galvanize

d Steel wire

: 11.5x10-6 /

* Sag and Tension vs. Temperature Testwas performed at Kinectrics International Inc., Canada.

Al-clad Invar has low thermal expansion coefficient value (1/3 to steel wire) at high operating temperature (210oC).

Al-clad Invar Wire : 3.7x10-6/

Knee point temperature

2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

Appropriate design is needed to accommodate tohigh temperature and high-tensile strength.

Compression Type Dead-end Clamp

Fittings & Accessory

* Conductor dimension : 410mm2

RemarkType of Fittings

Armor grip or wedge typeare not recommendable.Compression type

with larger volume

Dead-end clampwith Jumper terminal

Description

Armor grip type isnot recommendable.

the same asthose used for ACSR

Suspension clamp

Joint sleeve

Bundle spacer

Vibration damper

insulatorACSR

STACIR

Length (L)

590

675

Diameter (D)

48

52

(Unit: mm)

2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

The Installation Methods for STACIR areexactly the same as those used for ACSR (Stringing, Sagging & Clamping) .

Installation2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

Enough time for shut down

1. Determine shut-off periodnot considering electric load

( One HTLS circuit has double ampacity)

2. One HTLS circuit : Increasing capacityOther circuit : Shut down

3. Start replacement work

Enough time for shut down

1. Determine shut-off periodnot considering electric load

( One HTLS circuit has double ampacity)

2. One HTLS circuit : Increasing capacityOther circuit : Shut down

3. Start replacement work

Not enough time for outageNeeded Rapid installation Work

1. Determine outage periodconsidering electric load (ex. straight holidays)

2. One circuit : Shut downOther circuit : Operation

3. Installation Work should be finished quickly

Not enough time for outageNeeded Rapid installation Work

1. Determine outage periodconsidering electric load (ex. straight holidays)

2. One circuit : Shut downOther circuit : Operation

3. Installation Work should be finished quickly

Fist Circuit ReplacementFist Circuit Replacement Second Circuit ReplacementSecond Circuit Replacement

STACIR can reduce outage time in Semi live line installationbecause of high efficiency on installation work.

Finished Installation workin 1 month

Finished Installation workin 1 month

2circuit/ 2conductor,

30 r.kmInstallation of First Circuit in 1 month

Installation of First Circuit in 1 month

Installation2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

Capacity UpgradingCapacity Upgrading

BuildNew Line

BuildNew Line

Replacementby HTLSC

Replacementby HTLSC

Required

Required

Low priceRequiredRequiredRequired

Required

High Cost

Required

Grounding

Line Accessories

Conductor & Ground wire4.1 Conductor Furnishing4.2 Stringing4.3 Ground-wire Furnishing4.4 Ground-wire Stringing

Tower Foundation

Cost of right of way

Preliminary work

ConstructionCost

Not RequiredPartially Required

High priceRequired

Not RequiredNot Required

Not RequiredNo Cost

Not Required

HighLowkWh LossOperationCost

LowHighCost due to Differenceof Counstruction Period

OpportunityCost

6 Months(Short Period)18 MonthsBased on 30 route.kmBuild

Period

Small Cost(same as ACSR)Small-Maintenance

CostReplacement

By HTLSC

Construction

Maintenance

Operation(kWh Loss)

100%

53%

Material

47% Down

Constructionof New Line

Comparative Cost Analysis(Operation Period : 30 Years)

Economic Evaluation2. HTLS Conductor2. HTLS Conductor

PRELIMINARY

PRELIMINARY

KEPCO / Korea

Increasing demand for electricitydue to rapid growth of industryand factory automation

Demand for peak load rateby 9% every year

Very high cost to acquirenew tower site and right-of-way

Not enough timeto construct new power line

Increasing concerns about environmental preservationand popular enmityto overhead power lines

: Sinnamwon T/L (June 2000)(345kV, 2cct, 17km)

Unit: circuit km

345kV154kVTotal

High Capacity.Conductor

3831,3601,743

All lines were installedand run very well without any problems

Acquire certification of KEPCO

Customer Problems

Ampacity[A/cond.]

* Condition : Zone , Span 300mOperating Temp.:ACSR 90 , STACIR 210

ACSR480 x2B

Sag [m]

Tension[kgf]

918

10.21

4,140

Existing

STACIR410 x2B

1,707

9.79

4,140

LGC Proposal

Voltagegrade

KEPCO Experience

KEPCO / KoreaKorea Electric Power Corporation

KEPCO / KoreaKorea Electric Power Corporation

3. Experience3. Experience

KEPCO / Korea3. Experience3. Experience

Frequent “Black-out” in Kuala Lumpurhas been recurringHigh cost and difficulty to acquireright-of-way & erection / installationCould be completedwithin short period of time (2month)on full turnkey built

Technical & Commercial Proposal: June 2003Scope: Conductor & FittingsContract : 1st 47km (Dec. 2003)

2nd 294km (Jul. 2005)3rd 53km (Dec. 2006)

Installation for 1st Project :Jan. 30, 2004 ~ Feb. 29, 2004

TNB / MalaysiaTenaga Nasional Berhad

TNB / MalaysiaTenaga Nasional Berhad

: Port Klang P/S~Kapar S/S etc.(275kV, 2cct, 4km)

ACSR

400 (Zebra)

719Amp/cond.

STACIR410

1,584Amp/cond.

* Operating Temp.: ACSR 75STACIR 183

TNB / Malaysia3. Experience3. Experience

ENEL / ItalyENDESA / Spain

Rapid increase overloaded line

Need to exchange existing line for

Upgrading conductor

Technical & Commercial Proposal: December 2002

Delivery : April 2003

Installation Start : September 2003

Customer Problems Existing LG’s Proposal

ENEL / ItalyEnel Distribuzione SpA

ENEL / ItalyEnel Distribuzione SpA

: Model section (April 2003)(Cable Length, 51km)

STACIR

240

1,207Amp/cond.

* Condition : wind pressure 88kg/safety factor 2.0

Operating Temp.: ACSR 90STACIR 210

Rapid increase

in the demand for electric power

Technical & Commercial Proposal: November 2001

Delivery : September 2002

Installation : December 2002

Under Field Test : January 2003

ENDESA / SpainEmpresa Nacional de Electricidad S.A,

ENDESA / SpainEmpresa Nacional de Electricidad S.A,

: Field Trial Test (Nov. 2001)(110kV, 2cct, 3km)

Customer Problems

ACSR/AW477MCM(Hawk)

606Amp/cond.

Existing

STACIR240

1,207Amp/cond.

LG’s Proposal

3. Experience3. Experience

Increasing demand for

electricity due to rapid

growth of industry and

factory automation

Demand for peak load rate

High cost to acquire new

tower site and right-of-way

Not enough time to

construct new power line

• LILO of one circuit of 400kV DC, Dadri-Ballabhgarh New T/L of 30km• Invar Moose Conductor Package associated with high capacity

East- North Interconnector-II (Award No.C-41408-L175/NOA-I/1403)

Customer Problems

Ampacity[A/cond.]

* Condition : Span 400mOperating Temp.:ACSR 75 , STACIR/AW 210

ACSRMoose x 2B

614

Existing

STACIR/AWMoose x 2B

1,700

LSC Proposal

Power Grid / IndiaPower Grid / India

Power Grid / India

Technical Proposal: December 2002Scope: Conductor & FittingsContract: September 2004Q’ty of conductor: 396kmType Test: Successfully passed

(August 2005)Delivered: September 2005

3. Experience3. Experience

LILO of one circuit of 400kV D/CDadri-Ballabhgarh New Transmission Lineat New Delhi (Maharani-Bagh) Sub Station Type Test Certificate

Power Grid / India3. Experience3. Experience

Increasing demand and investmentof electricity for Beijing OlympicsHigh cost and difficulty to acquireright-of-way & erection / installationCould be completedwithin short period of time

ChinaChina• ’04: 1st BukSin-Bukan T/L (110kV, 2cct, 4.3km)• ’05: 2nd WuBei-Wu T/L (220kV, 2cct, 4.5km)• ’06: 3rd Babao-Shangchun T/L (220kV, 2cct, 55km)• ’07: 5 Packages for GZPSC, KSPSC, KEPC & NCIP (220kV, 349km)

NCIP, CPC, GZPSC, KSPSC & KEPC / China

2008 Beijing Olympics

Capacity upgradingby replacement ofthe existing ACSR

with Invar conductor

3. Experience3. Experience

PGCB / Bangladesh

: 230/132kV sub-station at Tongi & Hasnabadand 132/33kV sub-station at Kalyanpur

PGCB / Bangladesh (SIEMENS)Power Grid Company of Bangladesh

PGCB / Bangladesh (SIEMENS)Power Grid Company of Bangladesh

<Layout Plan & Sectional Elevation>

ACSR400mm2 Zebra

737A

STACIR400mm2 Zebra

1,645A

3. Experience3. Experience

QPPL / Philippines

: 230kV Mauban Plant-Tayabas Substation T/L (31km)- Under F/S and

QPPL / PhilippinesQuezon Power Philippines Co. Ltd. (IPP)

QPPL / PhilippinesQuezon Power Philippines Co. Ltd. (IPP)

3. Experience / Case Study3. Experience / Case Study

Capacity Upgradingby replacement

of the existing ACSR conductorwith STACIR 410mm2 !

A. Existing Power Plant Generation (Unit 1)1. Plant Capacity : 600MW2. Transmission Line:

a) Line Voltage: 230kVb) Line Length: 31 kmc) Structure Type:

Lattice Steel Towers, Double Circuite) Line Conductors:

2 x 795 kCM ACSR "Condor"

B. Power Plant Expansion (Unit 2)1. Plant Capacity : 600MW

Build New Transmission ?ROW anticipated problems

& insurgency situation in the areas.

Line Capacity > 1,200MW !

Mauban Plant

230kV Mauban -Tayabas T/L

Tension Tower

Tech. Proposal: April 2007Approved by DENR: May 2007Site Survey: June 2007Approved by TransCo: Sep. 2007Contract: January 2008Delivery: April 2008Reconductoring: May ~ June 2008

STACIR Conductor has more than double ampacity of conventional ACSR

STACIR Conductor has equivalent sag-tension properties to conventional ACSR

Conventional fittings and accessories for ACSR can be usedfor STACIR Conductor except compression fittings

Same installation method as conventional ACSR is applied for Invar Conductor

STACIR Conductor has high long-term reliability with strong track record

Double ampacity uprating with STACIR Conductoron the existing towers

Most power utilities do use STACIR Conductor for their uprating project !

4. Summary4. Summary

Thank You !Thank You !

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