Go to the world map La Francophonie (The French-Speaking World) Credits for PowerPoint Presentation:...
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Go to the world map La Francophonie (The French-Speaking World) Credits for PowerPoint Presentation: Mary ArczynskiJulia JankaConnor Skahill Domenick ChiddoMatthew
Go to the world map La Francophonie (The French-Speaking World)
Credits for PowerPoint Presentation: Mary ArczynskiJulia
JankaConnor Skahill Domenick ChiddoMatthew KincaidPerry Smith Kelly
Choi Emma Krass Molly Easton Robert Rust Begin PowerPoint The
symbol below represents la Francophonie.
Slide 2
Go to the world map Did you know that: Over 100 million people
speak French as a native language? Additionally, almost 40 million
people speak French fluently as a second language? Approximately 60
million people speak French as a foreign language, bringing the
total number of French speakers to approx. 200 million? French is
the official language of 29 countries? French Facts Source:
LUniversit Laval,
http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/francophonie/francophonie.htm
Slide 3
Go to the world map Le Monde Francophone Click on a region to
explore it! Go back Light blue areas represent francophone
countries.
Slide 4
Go to the world map North America Areas where French is the
first language of most inhabitants. Areas where French is an
official language, but English is dominant. Areas with a
French-speaking minority. How did French get here? Go back
Slide 5
Go to the world map Africa Countries where French is an
official language. Other countries where French is spoken. How did
French get here? Go back
Slide 6
Go to the world map Oceania and Pacific Islands
Slide 7
Go to the world map Europe Areas where French is the first
language of most inhabitants. la Corse France isnt the only country
in Europe where French is spokenit is also one of the primary
languages spoken in the western part of Switzerland (la Suisse),
the southern part of Belgium (la Belgique), Luxembourg (le
Luxembourg), Monaco, Andorra (lAndorre), and, finally, the island
of Corsica (la Corse), which is actually a part of France. lAndorre
Go back How did French get here?
Slide 8
Go to the world map Asia Areas with small but significant
native French speaking populations. Areas with a French- speaking
minority. How did French get here? Go back
Slide 9
Go to the world map The Caribbean (Les Antilles) and South
America Country where French is an official and a native language.
Island where French is an official and/or native language. How did
French get here? Go back
Slide 10
Go to the world map Roman Expansion into Gaul Go back Click on
Gallia on the map for more information.
Slide 11
Go to the world map La Gaule Go back Gaul (or Gallia, as the
Romans called it) was the region that encompassed the area
currently known as France. Its inhabitants, the Gauls (les
Gaulois), spoke a Celtic language. During the second and first
centuries BC (from approximately 200 BC to 50 BC), Gaul was
conquered by the Romans and became part of the Roman Empire. They
Gauls began to speak Latin, the language of the Romans. Over time,
the Latin used in France evolved into French, just as the Latin
used in Spain evolved into Spanish, the Latin used in Portugal
became Portuguese, and so forth. The languages based on Latin are
called Romance languages.
Slide 12
Go to the world map How did French get to Asia? In the second
half of the 19 th century, the French extended their colonial
empire into Southeast Asia, gaining control of Cambodia, Laos, and
Vietnam. This area became known as French Indochina. France
maintained its power over the area until just after World War II;
France had been weakened by the war, and the Asian countries under
its control seized this opportunity to gain independence. During
the period of French control, which lasted about 65 years, the
French language was commonly used in government, education, and
commerce in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Since gaining independence
in the 1950s, citizens of these countries have spoken French less
and less, but it remains the second language of many people there.
The French language can also be found somewhere else in Asia:
Pondichry, India. France began exploring this area in 1673, soon
adding it to the French Empire. Click here to found out more about
this location.here Go back
Slide 13
Go to the world map Pondichry, India Pondichry gained its
independence from France in 1954, but a walk around will show you
that the French language is still present on street signs and store
fronts. Le foyer du soldat Librairie Franaise Place de la Rpublique
Go back
Slide 14
Go to the world map La Belgique Did you that over 4 million
Belgians speak French as their first language? Thats almost half of
the countrys population; the rest speak Dutch. Brussels, the
capital of Belgium and the seat of the European Union, is bilingual
Dutch/French, but has more French speakers than Dutch. Belgium is
well-known for its art, its comic books (les bandes dessins), its
architecture, its beer, its food (especially les fritesfries), and
its chocolat. La Grand-place in Brussels, considered one of the
most beautiful squares in Europe. The Belgian Flag Une Bande Dessin
Go back
Slide 15
Go to the world map How did French get to the Caribbean? In the
1600s, French explorers began to claim parts of the West Indies
(the islands of the Caribbean) for their home country, setting up
plantations to grow exotic foods to ship back to France. Many
French colonies were founded in this area, including la Guyane in
1604, Guadeloupe and Martinique in 1635, Sainte-Lucie in 1650,
Haiti in 1664, and other islands in the region. Beginning in the
1800s, many of these colonies managed to gain independence from
France, but some of the islanders continued and still continue to
speak French or Creole languages based on French. Some of the
places in this region did not become independent and are still
considered a part of France. This is the case for Guyane,
Martinique, Guadeloupe, and the islands of Saint-Martin and Saint-
Barthlemy (which are considered part of Guadeloupe). In these
countries, French is the official language and the Euro is the
official currency. Click here to see a map of all the overseas
areas that are still a part of France.here Go back
Slide 16
Go to the world map French Guiana
Slide 17
Go to the world map La Guyane La Guyane, known as French Guiana
in English, was first visited by the French in 1604, and remains a
part of France today. Most residents speak French as their first
language. In 1964, the city of Kourou (can you find it on the map
of French Guiana?) was chosen to be the site of the French space
program, and many rockets have been launched from this location. A
stamp from Guyane. A rocket at Kourou. La Guyane (French Guiana). A
monument in Cayenne, the capital of Guyane. Next Slide
Slide 18
Go to the world map French Guiana It is an overseas region of
France Northern Atlantic coast of South America Borders Brazil and
Suriname Low population density less than 3 people per square km
Capital = Cayenne Currency = Euro Next Slide
Slide 19
Go to the world map French Guiana Originally inhabited by
indigenous Americans and was settled by the French during the 17 th
century. More than 70,000 French convicts were deported there
between 1852 and 1939. It was taken by the Portuguese Empire in
1809, but given back to France through the Treaty of Paris in 1814.
And, of course, they speak FRENCH!! Next Slide
Slide 20
Go to the world map French Guiana - Climate [hide]Climate data
for French Guiana (Cayenne)hide
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear Record high C (F) 33
(91) 34 (93) 33 (91) 34 (93) 36 (97) 35 (95) 34 (93) 36 (97)
Average high C (F) 27 (81) 28 (82) 29 (84) 30 (86) 31 (88) 30 (86)
28 (82) 29 (84) Average low C (F) 23 (73) 22 (72) 23 (73) Record
low C (F) 19 (66) 20 (68) 19 (66) 18 (64) 20 (68) 21 (70) 20 (68)
21 (70) 20 (68) 19 (66) Precipitatio nPrecipitatio n cm (inches) 38
(15) 32 (12.6) 38 (15) 51 (20.1) 39 (15.4) 20 (7.9) 10 (3.9) 4
(1.6) 5 (2) 12 (4.7) 29 (11.4) 320 (126) Source: BBC Weather [4]
[4] Next Slide
Slide 21
Go to the world map
Slide 22
How did French get to Africa? Like other European countries,
France established many colonies in Africa during the 1800s, and
French became a primary language of commerce, education and
government in many of these countries. Even after Frances African
colonies gained independence (most of them in 1960), French
continues to be an official language in many of them. French is the
official language in: Bnin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic,
Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Cte d'Ivoire,
Gabon, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Sngal, Togo. French is the co-official
language in: Buruni, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros Islands, Djibouti,
Equatorial Guinea, Madagascar, Rwanda, Seychelles. French is also
spoken significantly in: Algeria, Egypt, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Morocco, Tunisia. As you can see, French has a very strong presence
on the African continent. French-speaking Africans have made
important contributions to francophone music and literature. Go
back
Slide 23
Go to the world map Le Sngal The Flag of Senegal Senegal The
Dakar Train Station (Built during the French colonial period).
Senegal has six national languages, but French is the only official
one. In fact, the national anthem is in French! Go back
Slide 24
Go to the world map How did French get to Canada? In 1534,
French explorer Jacques Cartier set sail across the Atlantic to
find a passage to Asia. He did not find a way to Asia, but did find
and explore the eastern region of Canada, now known as Qubec.
Cartier and his crew made two more voyages to Canada to trade with
the Huron that lived there, but no French colonies were founded
until the early 17 th century.Jacques Cartier The first permanent
French settlements were created by the explorers Samuel de
Champlain and Pierre Dugua, who established colonies to support
fishing and fur trade, first in Acadia in 1604, then Qubec in 1608.
This territory was named La Nouvelle France (New France). Even
after Great Britain gained control of Canada in 1763, the people of
Qubec continued to speak French, and still do so today. There are
also French-speakers in other parts of Canada as well, including
New Brunswick and Ontario. In fact, almost one-third of all
Canadian citizens speak French. In Qubec, about 87% of the
population speaks French. The only parts of this region still
controlled by France are the islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.
Click here to see a map of all the overseas areas that are still
are part of France.here Go back
Slide 25
Go to the world map Qubec Le franais qubcois
Slide 26
Go to the world map The Explorations of Jacques Cartier Go
back
Slide 27
Go to the world map La Louisiane You may have heard about the
French-speaking Cajuns of Louisiana. How did they get there? To
answer this question, it may help to know that there once was a
part of New France (now Canada) called Acadia, and the people from
Acadia were called Acadians, or Acadiens in French, which is where
the word Cajun comes from. The Cajuns (Acadians) came to Louisiana
from Canada in the 1700s. Heres why: France lost control of Acadia
to Great Britain in 1713. When the British went to war with the
French in 1754 (the French and Indian War), the British demanded
that the French-speaking Acadians take an oath to the King to prove
their loyalty. Many Acadians refused, and they were forced by the
British to leave. About 10,000 Acadians were deported and had to
find new homes in America and elsewhere. Many Acadians ended up in
Louisiana, which was controlled by France at that time. They were
called Cajuns there because thats how the word Acadiens sounded to
English-speakers. Today, there are around 400,000 Cajuns in
Lousiana. Most older Cajuns are bilingual in English and French,
but many younger Cajuns speak only English. Cajuns are known for
their spicy food, their celebrations, and their music.spicy food
celebrationsmusic Go back
Slide 28
Go to the world map La cuisine Cajun CrawfishGumbo Gumbo is a
stew with okra, chicken, and andouille (a spicy sausage). Crawfish,
which are like small lobsters, are very popular in Cajun cuisine.
CornbreadJambalaya Cornbread is a traditional part of a meal in the
south, where wheat and flour were once hard to find. Jambalaya is a
mixture of rice, vegetables, and seafood. Go back
Slide 29
Go to the world map Mardi gras Ever heard of the Mardi Gras
celebration in New Orleans? Mardi gras, French for Fat Tuesday, is
the culmination of the Carnaval season, which is a time of
celebration and indulgence before the Lenten period of fasting and
sacrifice. The streets of New OrleansMardi Gras masks Go back
Slide 30
Go to the world map Un peu de musique! When the French-speaking
Acadians came to Louisiana, they brought much of their culture with
them, but as they mingled with their diverse new neighbors in
Louisiana, their culture changed to fit their new surroundings.
Cajun music is a good example of this; although the song you will
hear is sung in French, its style will sound familiar to you as you
recognize the influence of country and blues music. Click on the
icon below to hear a live performance, recorded in 2005, by the
Lost Bayou Ramblers. The song is called Moi, jconnais pas. Listen
as the performers speak in French before the song begins. The
Savoy-Doucet Cajun Band The band in this photo is a typical Cajun
band, which normally includes a fiddle, an accordion, and guitars.
Go back
Slide 31
Go to the world map Les Dom-Tom Dom-Toms
(Dpartements/Territoires doutre-mer) are the overseas areas that
are a part of France. They are all islands except Guyane. The
Dom-Toms have representatives in the French Parliament. Click once
on the map to see when each of these locations became a part of
France.
Slide 32
Go to the world map Les Dom-Tom Dom-Toms are the overseas areas
that are a part of France. They are all islands except Guyane. The
Dom-Toms have representatives in the French Parliament. 1772 1536
1635 1768 1604 1635 1638 1843 1853
Slide 33
Go to the world map Mayotte (Indian Ocean) Next Slide
Slide 34
Go to the world map What Is It? Its an overseas collectivity of
France consisting of a main island, Grande-Terre (or Mahor), a
smaller island, Petite-Terre (or Pamanzi), and several islets
around these two. Mayotte has an estimated 194,000 people and is
very densely populated. Its biggest city and capital is Mamoudzou.
The territory is geographically part of the Comoro Islands, but has
been politically separate since a 1974 referendum in which it
elected to remain under French rule. Next Slide
Slide 35
Go to the world map Fun Facts Mayotte was ceded to France along
with the other Comoros in 1843. The political framework is a
parliamentary representative democratic French overseas community,
whereby the President of the General Council is the head of
government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is
exercised by the government Motto: Libert, galit, Fraternit
-"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity " There are no railways or
waterways Main religion: Islam Main language: Shimaore Next
Slide
Slide 36
Go to the world map Mayotte Back to Africa
Slide 37
Go to the world map New Caledonia Back to Oceania
Slide 38
Go to the world map Facts In the South Pacific Ocean, east of
Australia Ethnic groups: Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%,
Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%,
other 3% Tropical Climate Bougna, a traditional meal among the
native Melanesians, which consists of some form of meat, pork,
chicken, fruitbat, crab, etc. Coastal plains with interior
mountains New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel
resources
Slide 39
Go to the world map Facts In the South Pacific Ocean, east of
Australia Ethnic groups: Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%,
Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%,
other 3% Tropical Climate Bougna, a traditional meal among the
native Melanesians, which consists of some form of meat, pork,
chicken, fruitbat, crab, etc. Coastal plains with interior
mountains New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel
resources Next Slide
Slide 40
Go to the world map Relationship with France Settled by both
Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the
island became a French possession in 1853. Served as a penal colony
for four decades after 1864. The islands have been an overseas
territory of France since 1956. A referendum on independence will
take place between 2014 and 2019 to determine if New Caledonia will
become independent from France. The national holiday is Bastille
Day. Next Slide
Slide 41
Go to the world map Photos of la Nouvelle Caldonie Back to
Oceania
Slide 42
Go to the world map Next Slide
Slide 43
Go to the world map Not to be confused with Reunions on an
island Next Slide
Slide 44
Go to the world map Reunion Island Located in the Indian Ocean
relatively near Madagascar, Lle de la Runion has a humid tropical
climate. It is an overseas department of the French Republic, so it
has the same political status as a metropolitan department within
France. Next Slide
Slide 45
Go to the world map Reunion Island Next Slide
Slide 46
Go to the world map Reunion Island From the 17th to the 19th
centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of
Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its
ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island
its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. Today
it is a gorgeous and common vacation site for hikers and outdoorsy
people. Next Slide
Slide 47
Go to the world map Next Slide
Slide 48
Go to the world map http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/reu
nion.htmhttp://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/reu nion.htm
http://ile-de-la-reunion.info/island/ Back to Africa
Slide 49
Go to the world mapMali Next Slide
Slide 50
Go to the world map Mali (Africa) The largest country in West
Africa Mali became a French colony in the 19 th Century Became
independent in 1960 Primary Religion: Muslim Official language:
French Common language: Bambara Next Slide
Slide 51
Go to the world mapPics! Timbuktu Next Slide
Slide 52
Go to the world map Next Slide
Slide 53
Go to the world map Back to Africa
Slide 54
Go to the world mapHistory: French missionaries arrived in 1637
near the (now) Ghana border. French missionaries arrived in 1637
near the (now) Ghana border. In 1893, C.d.I. became an official
French colony. In 1893, C.d.I. became an official French colony. In
1960, the C.d.I. finally gained its independence from France. In
1960, the C.d.I. finally gained its independence from France. Next
Slide
Slide 55
Go to the world map Location: Africa Capital: Yamoussoukro
Official language: French (lingua franca) There are 60 native
languages as well. Population: The people are known as Ivoirians.
Groups include Akan, Voltaiques or Gur, Northern Mandes, Krous,
Southern Mande, and others include 130,000 Lebanese and 14,000
French. Main Religion: Muslim 38.6%, Christian 32.8%, indigenous
11.9%, none 16.7% Back to Africa
Slide 56
Go to the world map Collectivity of Saint Barthelemy St. Barts
in English 21 square kilometres Population of 8,398 Capital-
Gustavia Also its main harbor Southeast of Sint Maarten (another
well-known island) Considered a playground for the rich and famous
Known for its beautiful pristine beaches, gourmet dining in chic
bistros and high-end designers. Next Slide
Slide 57
Go to the world map Sint Maarten Island in the northeast
Caribbean Approximately 87 square kilometers Population of 74,852
Split into French side (Collectivit de Saint-Martin) and Dutch side
(Kingdom of the Netherlands) Main citiess are Philipsburg (Dutch
side) and Marigot (French side) St. Martin's Dutch side is known
for its festive nightlife, beaches, jewelry, exotic drinks made
with native rum- based guavaberry liquors, and plentiful casinos.
The island's French side is known for its beaches, clothes,
shopping (includ ing outdoor markets), and rich French and Indian
Caribbean cuisine.
Slide 58
Go to the world map Back to Oceania
Slide 59
Go to the world map Tahiti This francophone island is part of
French Polynesia. French Polynesia is a semi-autonomous territory
of France with its own assembly, president, budget and laws. It
became a French colony in 1880. French is the only official
language, but the native Tahitian language is widely used. Next
Slide
Slide 60
Go to the world map Tahiti The French artist Paul Gauguin is
known for his depictions of Tahiti, furthering the islands image in
the French imagination as tropical paradise. Next Slide
Slide 61
Go to the world map The Beaches of Tahiti Back to Oceania