GNU / LinuxGNU / LinuxA free operating system

SummarySummary

History

What can you find on a Linux OS

Linux Economy

What is GNU/Linux …What is GNU/Linux …

GNU/Linux is a Free Operating System

It runs on different architectures from Intel to Motorola

It can replace Windows XP or Mac OS X

It is also used in embedded systems

Linux was born in 1991 in FinlandLinux was born in 1991 in Finland

To become a free 3D desktop OS To become a free 3D desktop OS ……

In the beginning In the beginning there was the gnu…there was the gnu…

Richard Stallman wrote the GNU manifesto in 1984

GNU was the name for the complete Unix-compatible software system which Stallman was writing at the time

What does GNU stand for ?

GNU is Not Unix◦ GNU is Not Unix

GNU is Not Unix◦ GNU is Not Unix

…

Why UNIX-like ?Why UNIX-like ?

“Unix is not my ideal system, but it’s not too bad”

Unix is a OS created with thephilosophy “everything is a file”

Unix was at the time a very expensive piece of software used by scientists and the military

Is Richard Stallman The Messy ?!Is Richard Stallman The Messy ?!

• Born in 1953 in Manhattan, New York

• Student at Harvard

• Programmer at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the MIT

• In the 70’s he was an active member of the hacker community of the MIT

• He finally founded the GNU movement in 1983. He is the author of “emacs”

Stallman the activistStallman the activist

In January 1984, he quit his job at MIT to work full time on the GNU project

In Venezuela, Stallman has delivered public speeches and promoted the adoption of free software

Meetings with the government of the Indian State of Kerala, he persuaded officials to discard proprietary software

Why do we Why do we call this system Linux ?call this system Linux ?

Stallman did not write the Kernel

The Kernel is the heart of the GNU system

The man who wrote it is called Linus Torvalds

He is from Finland that’s mostly why the

logo is a penguin

Linus TorvaldsLinus Torvalds

Born in Finland in 1969

At the age of 21 he posted to the minix community his first OS mostly written in C

By the end of September 1991 the version 0.01 of Linux was released on the internet with 10 239 lines of code

Familly of GNU/LINUXFamilly of GNU/LINUX

DebianFedoraMandrivaRed HatSlackwareSuSEGentoo

History of Unix-like systemsHistory of Unix-like systems

SummarySummary

History

What can we find on this OS

Linux Economy

The Kernel featuresThe Kernel features

True preempting multi-taskVirtual memoryShared libraries…Memory managementInternet ProtocolThreading

All you need to run a system

The user interfacesThe user interfaces

The programmerswill find their classicalinterface

The user interfacesThe user interfaces

The user interfacesThe user interfaces

The user interfacesThe user interfaces

Open Source SoftwaresOpen Source Softwares

Web BrowsersFTP ClientsHttp ServersImage Processing softwareInstant MessengersOffice SuiteDevelopment toolsGNU Compiler Collection (gcc)Etc …

Software Internet Depositary Management

The GNU Compiler CollectionThe GNU Compiler Collection

Originally named the GNU C Compiler started by Richard Stallman in 1985

GCC provides compilers for C, C++, Java, and Fortran …

The Linux Kernel is compiled with GCC

It supports dozens of target processors

GCC is now maintained by a varied group of programmers from around the world

GNU/Linux as a ServerGNU/Linux as a Server

Historically the kernel has been made to be a server

Out of the top 500 supercomputers 75.2% run Linux

Eight of the ten most reliable internet hosting companies run Linux on their web servers

GNU/Linux as an GNU/Linux as an Embedded systemEmbedded system

Television set-top boxes, mobile phones, and handheld devices use Linux

Linux has become a major competitor to the proprietary Symbian OS found in many mobile phones

Several network firewall and router standalone products

The Korg OASYS music workstation synthesizer also runs Linux

SummarySummary

History and presentation of the protagonist

What can we find on this OS

Linux Economy

Free software, as defined by the Free Software Foundation, is software which can be used, copied, studied, modified and redistributed with little or no restriction

This foundation gave birth to the Global Public License (GPL)

What is free and what is notWhat is free and what is not

Linux but not for FreeLinux but not for Free

Some of Linux distributions are freely downloadable and some are sold with proprietary software

Freeware such as adobe acrobat are not open source projects

There is a difference between the cost and whether you have access to the code

Linux BusinessLinux Business

Many firms sell Linux OS

Red Hat or Mandriva are not free

The kernel cannot be soldbecause it is distributed under GPL license

Maintenance services can be sold

Documentation can be sold

Still time ? Demonstration !Still time ? Demonstration !