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Glossary. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Date: Feb 18, 2014Page: Table of Contents p 19
W.O.D: Last 3 pages Warm-ups: Front Cover
W.O.D. Villi – Tiny, finger-like projections in the intestinal lining that absorb nutrients.(Latin: “shaggy hair”)
Question: Why is there a hair-like lining in the intestines?
Glossary
15.1
Functions: mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
*absorption of nutrients
Consists of alimentary canal and accessory organs
Digestion Questions
1. What are the organs of the alimentary canal?2. What are 2 ways the stomach digests food?3. What is the main function of the small
intestine?4. What is the main function of the large
intestine?5. What are accessory organs? List 3.
Organs of the Alimentary Canal have food passing directly through them.
• Mouth• Esophagus• Stomach• Small intestine• Large intestine• Rectum
Peristalsis - Contractions mix food with digestive juices and push food down the tube
Esophagus
Stomach
The 3 layers of muscle churn food in the stomach, while acids and enzymes break down the food.
Chyme - paste, after food has been broken down, released then into the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter valve
Rugae - folds within stomach
Gastric Pits contain glands to make juices
The main function of the small intestine is to secrete chemicals that break down food and carry the nutrients away in the blood stream. In one word:
ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS
Function of Large IntestineSecretes mucus, reabsorbs water, contains bacteria to aid in digestion (intestinal flora)
Mass Movements (defecation) - removes undigested food
The main job is WATER REABSORPTION...
Intestinal villi - increase surface area to absorb nutrients, connect to vessels
Accessory Organs –Organs which aid in digestion, but do not have food passing directly through.
• Pancreas• Liver• Gallbladder• Spleen• Appendix
PANCREAS - secretes insulin which breaks down sugars
Pancreatic Juice also breaks down fat
Liver 1 large right lobe, 1 smaller left lobe
Liver Functions1. blood glucose levels2. breakdown of lipids and fats3. protein metabolism4. stores vitamins5. destroys damaged RBCs6. removes toxins7. secretes bile
1. esophagus2. liver3. stomach5. duodenum6. pancreas7. jejunum8. ileum10. appendix11. ascending colon12. descending colon13. sigmoid colon14. anus15 Gall bladder and bile duct (not labeled)
Small intestine
Largeintestine
For the coloring, use one color for all parts of the small intestine, and one color for all of the large intestine.
Reflection:What is peristalsis?