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Research Institute of Organic AgricultureForschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau
Global survey on Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS)Key figuresJulia Lernoud and Helga WillerResearch Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland, February 2016
Institut de recherche de l’agriculture biologique
www.fibl.org
Partners
› Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL)
› International Trade Centre (ITC)
› International Institute for Sustainable Development
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› The Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO
Supporter
www.fibl.org
The State of Sustainable MarketsStatistics and Emerging Trends 2015
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› Julia Lernoud, Jason Potts, Gregory Sampson, Vivek Voora, Helga Willer and Joseph Wozniak (2015): The State of Sustainable Markets – Statistics and Emerging Trends 2015. ITC, Geneva.
› http://www.intracen.org/publication/The-State-of-Sustainable-Markets/
www.fibl.org
List of VSS
› 4C Association› Better Cotton Initiative (BCI)› Bonsucro› Cotton Made in Africa› Fairtrade International› Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)› GLOBALG.A.P.› IFOAM – Organics International› Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC)› ProTerra Foundation› Rainforest Alliance/Sustainable Agriculture Network› Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO)› Round Table for Responsible Soy (RTRS)› UTZ Certified
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www.fibl.org
VSS FiBL-IISD-ITC survey on VSS› Indicators:
› Area:› Area fully converted, and in conversion, and total area (including in conversion)› Total area harvested
› Production:› Production volume in metric tons and value in million USD› Production sold under the VSS label in metric tons
› Operators:› Producers, processors, importers, exporters, traders (retailers, wholesalers), other types
› Trade:› Export volume in metric tons and value in million USD› Export price in USD; annual average per ton FOB› Import volume in metric tons and value in million USD
› Market:› Domestic market volume in metric tons and value in million USD
› Multiple certification:› Area, production, operators
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www.fibl.org
VSS FiBL-IISD-ITC survey
› Methodology and scope› Common indicators and commodities: The aim is to collect as much information
available as possible› Selected agricultural commodities: bananas, cocoa, coffee, cotton, palm oil,
soybeans, sugarcane, and tea› Forestry: area data, operators (forest managers/owners and chain of custody)› Full set of data: apart of the selected commodities, the VSS were asked to provide
data for all the commodities they certified
› Data providers and data sources› A part of the covered VSS, a wide range of experts were contacted and VSS
annual reports were used
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www.fibl.org
0 1 2 3
RTRS
CmiA
BCI
Bonsucro
4C
ProTerra
Organic
RA/SAN
UTZ
Fairtrade
RSPO
Million hectares
Total harvested area certified for selected crops per VSS 2014
Bananas Cocoa Coffee CottonOil palm Soybeans Sugarcane Tea
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.2
1.5
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.6
3.1
3.2
43.2
0 0 0 1 100
RTRS
CmiA
Bonsucro
ProTerra
4C (2013)
BCI
UTZ
Fairtrade
RSPO
GLOBALG.A.P.
Rainforest Alliance
Organic (2013)
Million hectares
Total certified area per VSS 2014
Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) area worldwide and selected commoditiesSource: FiBL‐IISD‐ITC survey 2015: 4C Association 2015 (data 2013); Better Cotton Initiative 2015 (data 2013); Bonsucro 2015; Cotton Made in Africa 2015; Fairtrade International 2015; Global Gap 2015; FiBL‐IFOAM survey 2015 (data 2013); ProTerra Foundation 2015; Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oil 2015; Round Table for Responsible Soy 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
www.fibl.org
Cocoa
Other
Rainforest Alliance
Growth of VSS compliant area worldwide 2008-2013 (selected crops) Minimum possibleSource: FiBL‐IISD‐UTC survey 2015: 4C Association; Better Cotton Initiative; Bonsucro; Cotton Made in Africa; Fairtrade International; Global Gap; FiBL‐IFOAM survey; ProTerra Foundation; Rainforest Alliance/SAN; Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oil; Round Table for Responsible Soy; UTZ Certified.
0
2'000'000
4'000'000
6'000'000
8'000'000
10'000'000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Hectares
TeaSugarcaneSoybeansOil palmCottonCoffeeCocoaBananas
Cocoa area share of total VSS area 2014Source: Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015 (data 2013); Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ 2015
Cocoa
Other
Fairtrade InternationalCocoa
Other
Organic
Cocoa
Other
UTZ Certified
ORGANIC
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Africa ‐Middle East
Latin America
Fairtrade International
Africa
Latin America
Asia
UTZ Certified
Latin America
Africa
Organic
Africa
AsiaLatin
America
Rainforest Alliance
Distribution of the cocoa area by region 2014Source: Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015 (data 2013); Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
Africa & Middle East
Asia & Oceania
Fairtrade International
Africa
Asia
Latin America
UTZ Certified
Asia
Other
Organic
Africa
Asia
EuropeLatin
America
Rainforest Alliance
Distribution of the tea area by region 2014Source: Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015 (data 2013); Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
ORGANIC
ORGANIC
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Area covered by each VSS
10
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
4C BCI Bonsucro CmiA Fairtrade Organic ProTerra RA/SAN RSPO RTRS UTZ
Thou
sand
hectares
Total harvested area certified by crop for selected crops and selected VSS 2013Source: FiBL‐IISD‐ITC survey 2015: 4C Association; Better Cotton Initiative; Bonsucro; Cotton Made in Africa; Fairtrade International; Global Gap; FiBL‐IFOAM survey; ProTerra
Bananas Cocoa Coffee Cotton Oil palm Soybeans Sugarcane Tea
www.fibl.org
152
219
37 11
220
117
17339
2
195
154
460
433
201
642 89
9
449
208
838
1'199
425
847
1'502
0
500
1'000
1'500
2'000
Fairtrade Organic Rainforest Alliance UTZ
Thou
sand
hectares
Cocoa: Development of the area by VSS 2008‐2014Source: Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015; Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
11
0
500'000
1'000'000
1'500'000
2'000'000
2'500'000
3'000'000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Hectares
Cocoa: Range of cocoa area (minimum/maximum/average) 2008‐2013Source: Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015; Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
Max Min Average
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210 43
0
96
380 476
116 21344
1 520
169 261
566 717
550
193 320
1'033
748
616
324 509
1'465
882
639
434
474
1'012
365 476
0
500
1'000
1'500
2'000
4C Fairtrade Organic Rainforest Alliance UTZ
Thou
sand
hectares
Coffee: Development of the area by VSS 2008‐2014Source: 4C Association 2015; Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015; Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
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0
1'000'000
2'000'000
3'000'000
4'000'000
5'000'000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Hectares
Coffee: Range of coffee area (minimum/maximum/average) 2008‐2013Source: 4C Association 2015; Fairtrade International 2015; FiBL survey 2015; Rainforest Alliance/SAN 2015; UTZ Certified 2015
Max Min Average
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Fairtrade and Organic: The largest markets for organic and Fairtrade products 2014
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67
149
301
385
90
2'077
226
390
830
1'000
1'065
1'402
1'817
2'145
2'307
2'728
3'701
4'830
7'910
0 2'000 4'000 6'000 8'000 10'000
Japan
Austria
Sweden
Switzerland
Italy
UK
Canada
China
France
Germany
Retail sales in million Euros
The ten countries with the largest markets for organic products 2014Source: FiBL‐AMI survey 2016 and Fairtrade annual repost 2014‐2015 (US data is not included)
Organic
Fairtrade
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Conclusions
› Most of this VSS are growing very fast reaching high growth rates, but organic still has the lead with the most hectares certified worldwide
› These labels focus on a small range of products, and organic covers almost the whole product range
› Multiple certification takes place in almost all of the selected commodities, which makes it challenging to avoid double counting
› Market data: retail sales and international trade data is not available for most of the VSS
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