Global Webs

GordonWinder

Global Webs

Dicken (2003)‏

GlobalShift

PeterDicken

New Under Globalisation

Global Webs

The New International Division of Labour (Fröbel, Heinrichs and Kreye 1980) –European corporations restructure by relocating production to low wage economies.

•International Subcontracting – with Just-in-Time Systems using CAD/CAM

•Strategic Alliances and Joint Ventures

NIDL

New Integrative Practices

Global Webs

•Complex Global TNC Organisation – hybrid structures, larger enterprises, increased organisational complexity, geographical spread, integrated network configuration, flexible co-ordination of processing networks, networks of extra.firm relationships, blurred organisational boundaries (Bartlett and Ghoshal 1989)‏•Disintegrated Production Networks –

rescaled and spread over the globe•Hollow CorporationsGlobal Production Networks, Commodity/ Value Chains, Global Webs of Enterprise

NewIntegrativePractices

Key Role of New

Technology

Substantive Research

Global Webs

•Ford' Global Car ConceptRestructuring of US Automobile Production – NAFTA, Canadian plants get N. American market, Maquiladora role, clustering of sub assembly manufacturers•Nike Subcontracts ProductionHong Kong's Role in Guanzhou Production Networks•Fonterra – reconstituted milk, stategic alliances and joint ventures

SubstantiveResearch

Network

Mapping at Many

Scales

Offices of Japan’s Soga Shosha (Dicken 2003).

Synoptic Approach

Mapping at Many

Scales

Mapping the Textile and Garment Industries:

Employment and Trade (Dicken 2003) ‏

Garment Jobs

Textile Jobs Trade

Political Integration

Global Webs

•End of the Cold War – integration of China and the Soviet Block into world trade•Transnational Governance – bilateral trade agreements, GATT, WTO, World Bank, IMF, G7, Neo-Liberal trade liberalisation, customs harmonisation, monetary union.

•Trading Blocks – EU, NAFTA, ASEAN•NGOs -- consumer sovereignty, retail chain power, fair trade, bio, labour and other certification programmes.

PoliticalIntegration

Survey

Mapping at Many

ScalesDeveloping Country Debt 2001 (Dicken 2003).

Geography Matters!

Global Webs

•Globalisation is not complete.•Territorial regulation may be more

effective if worked over largerunits.

•Emerging networks also have theirown geography.

•Scale is relative and sociallyconstructed.

Recent Developments

Global Webs

•The ‘hollowing out’ of the state.•Globalisation as rhetoric.•Positionality within the network.•Wormholes.

New Zealand News

Global Webs

Free Trade Deal Signed With China

Wellington 2004

●Last Chance for Farm Subsidy Agreement

Geneva 2005●

Agreement Reached on Wine Regions

New York 2005●

UN Investigates NZ LegislationAuckland 2005

Peter Jackson Rests Before Premier of

King KongNew York 2005

●NZRFU Wins Rights

to Host Rugby World Cup 2007

Dublin 2005●

Algerian AhmedZouai Released

Auckland 2004●

Auckland Star

New ZealandHerald

South Pacific News

Global Webs

Fijian Soldiers Keep Peace

Kabul 2004

●Fijian Mercenaries Arrested in Papua

New GuineaPort Moresby 2005

●Vanuatu Quiet as Australian & New Zealand Forces Establish Order

Vanuatu 2004●

Protesters Demand Democracy

Tonga 2005●

South Pacific Forum Plan to Share Island

GovernancePort Moresby 2005

●Kiribas Crews

World’s Container Fleet

Singapore 2004●

Auckland Star

New ZealandHerald

Reading

Global Webs

Dicken, P., 1998. Global Shift. New York: GuilfordPress, 3rd edition.

Dicken, P., Peck, J., and Tickell, A., 1997. Unpackingthe Global. In Lee, R. and Wills, J., (eds.),Geographies of Economies London: Arnold.

Dicken, P., 2004. Geographers and 'Globalisation':(Yet) Another Missed Boat? Transactions of theInstitute of British Geographers NS 29:5-26.

Fröbel, F., Heinrichs, J. and Kreye, O., 1980. The NewInternational Division of Labour. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Yeung, H.W., 2002. The Limits to GlobalisationTheory: A Geographic Perspective on GlobalEconomic Change. Economic Geography: 285-305.

References

Reading

Global Webs

Brenner, N., 1998. Between Fixity and Motion:Accumulation, Territorial Organization and theHistorical Geography of Spatial Scales. Environmentand Planning D: Society and Space 16(4): 459-481.

Brenner, N., 2001. Globalisation: A CriticalIntroduction. International Sociology 16(3): 509-515.

Gibb, R., 2000. Post Lome: The European Union andthe South. Third World Quarterly 21(3): 457-481.

Sheppard, E., 2002. The Spaces and Times ofGlobalisation: Place, Scale, Networks andPostionality. Economic Geography: 307-330.

References