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Global Network of Precision Field-
based Wheat Phenotyping Platforms
Carolina Saint Pierre - [email protected]
Senior Scientist, Global Wheat Program
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
Carretera México-Veracruz Km. 45, El Batán, Texcoco, México, C.P. 56237
tel: +52 (55) 5804 2004 x2220 skype: carolina.saint.pierre
cel: +52 (595) 114 9327
CIMMYT is probably best known for the work of
Norman Borlaug -Nobel Peace Prize in 1970.
• He developed high-yielding, semi-dwarf
wheat, saving over 1 billion people from
starvation.
CIMMYT works with more than 200 research and
breeding institutions, sharing elite breeding lines
and associated data through its system of
international nurseries.
Reynolds MP and Langridge P, (2016). Physiological Breeding.
Current Opinions in Plant Biology 31: 162–171
Phenotyping
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Phenotyping
Field Phenotyping
Phenotyping is a discipline under rapid development
The number of publications using ‘Phenotyping/Field Phenotyping’ in the title, abstract, or keywords increased in the period 1995-2018
(Scopus database, Agriculture and Biological Sciences)
Results identified new opportunities, particularly considering the strong connections with precision agriculture.
Araus & Cairns 2014; Costa et al. 2019; Ghanem et al. 2015
Describes new protocols and
technologies for screening plants,
understanding G, E and GxE, and
integrating results with other ‘omics’
for basic and applied research.
Evaluate quantitative and/or qualitative traits of plants… is the foundation of any plant selection process
Hub for generating high quality phenotypic data, under defined good practices, and promoting training and sharing
of the generated knowledge
Phenotyping Platforms
Representative platform at Ciudad Obregon:
• Key environment: high yield wheat agro-ecosystem (Yaqui Valley NW Mexico)
• Station where research and breeding is conducted side by side
• Where members of the wheat community from >30 countries annually meet
• Hub for capacity building
Phenotyping Platforms and Breeding
Cd. Obregon39 maslWINTER CYCLEHigh yield (irrigated) Water-use efficiency Heat tolerance Leaf rustStem rust (not Ug99) End-use quality
Shuttle breeding
Germplasm is moved back and forth between stations.
▪ Two generations each year instead of one▪ Complete switch from one latitude and
altitude to another▪ Plants are exposed to different diseases,
environments, and different day-lengths.▪ Results in wider wheat adaptation
El Batán2249 maslLeaf rust Fusarium FHB
SUMMER CYCLEToluca 2640 maslYellow rustSeptoria STBFusarium FHB
The germplasm passes through rigorous tests against major diseases during both the main- and off-seasons.
El Batán2249 maslLeaf rust Fusarium FHB
SUMMER CYCLEToluca 2640 maslYellow rustSeptoria STBFusarium FHB
Phenotyping Platforms and Breeding
Cd. Obregon39 maslWINTER CYCLEHigh yield (irrigated) Water-use efficiency Heat tolerance Leaf rustStem rust (not Ug99) End-use quality
BGRI/DGGW Project in Kenya, an initiative of Cornell University, implemented by CIMMYT
and KALRO in collaboration with other research institutions worldwide, and supported by the
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Department for International Development.
Njoro, Kenya Stem rust
(Ug99 group)
Shuttle breeding between Mexico and Kenya (KALRO) initiated in 2006
▪ 600,000 accessions screened since 2006▪ 50,000 annual capacity (2 Seasons)▪ 25 countries/institutions▪ 1,500 F3/F4 populations undergo Mexico-
Kenya shuttle▪ Capacity building
International Wheat Improvement Network (IWIN)
Very important information about adaptability, yield potential, disease
and pest resistances
Improved germplasm is distributed to specific environments (different colors in the map)
▪ A global community testing ~1,000 new improved lines per year in more than 700 field sites▪ Massive exchange of germplasm and phenotypic datasets.▪ Working close to local breeding programs
Global phenotyping network
▪ For the evaluation of traits that cannot be screened in CIMMYT sites▪ Co-investing and co-participant national agricultural research institutes
(agreement signed)
Green: OperativeYellow: Planned
Platforms hosted at NARs where environments are optimal for specific trait phenotyping
Each platform generates high precision phenotypic data on selected traits at specific locations such as
hotspots for diseases
Global phenotyping network
Multiple Disease ResistanceFusarium, Septoria, Leaf Rust
Septoria
Ug99Wheat blast
Heat Drought
Winter WheatRustSoilborne diseases
RustSeptoria
Fusarium
Wheat Blast Yield Drought Heat DryHeat Humid
Yield
Green: OperativeYellow: Planned
Station/Location Main traitsMain Institution-NARS
Country Status Contact
Cd. Obregon,El Batan, Toluca, Agua Fria
▪ High yield (irrigated) ▪ Water-use efficiency ▪ Heat tolerance ▪ Leaf rust, Stem rust (not
Ug99), Yellow rust▪ End-use quality▪ Septoria tritici blotch▪ Fusarium head blight
CIMMYT Mexico OperativeGlobal Wheat [email protected]
Njoro, Kenya Stem rust (Ug99 group) KALRO Kenya OperativeRuth [email protected]
Debre ZeitStem rust, Yellow rust, Septoria tritici blotch
EIAR Ethiopia OperativeHabte [email protected]
Beja/Kodia Septoria tritici blotch IRESA Tunisia OperativeSarrah Ben M'[email protected]
INIA- La Estanzuela
Multiple Disease Resistance(Fusarium head blight, Septoria tritici blotch, Leaf Rust)
INIA Uruguay OperativeSilvia [email protected]
Phenotyping Platforms
Station/Location Main traitsMain Institution-NARS
Country Status Contact
Quirusillasand Okinawa Wheat Blast
INIAF Bolivia Operative Eddy Barreta
BWMRI Bangladesh OperativeM. I. [email protected]
Sidi el Aydi Heat tolerance INRA (Morocco) MoroccoOperative(testing protocols)
Hassan [email protected]
Izmir Yellow Rust AARI (Turkey) Turkey OperativeIzzet Ö[email protected] [email protected]
BISAYield potential, heat tolerance and resistance to yellow rust and spot blotch
ICIAR, PAU India OperativeArun K. [email protected]
Nanjing Fusarium head blight JAAS China Building-upXu [email protected]
Yield potential, Drought, Heat Dry, Heat Humid, Diseases
Nepal, PakistanBangladesh
Planned
Phenotyping Platforms
Objectives and Principles
▪ Generate high quality phenotyping data
▪ Establish appropriate phenotyping protocols
▪ Training on phenotyping
Integrated with research and the delivery of activities
special emphasis on youth and women
▪ Co-investment and co-participation of NARS
▪ Open access data policy
▪ Sharing knowledge and germplasm
▪ Free screening if germplasm and data are shared
INIA- Uruguay
Fungal disease from S.America that appeared in Bangladesh in 2016, threatening wheat in about 7 million ha in South Asia.
Damage can increase :
▪ Seedborne and airborne disease
▪ No durable, resistant cultivars - most are susceptible
▪ Pathogen population is very diverse: pathotypes could cross-infect different hosts and overcome resistance
▪ Ability to develop fungicide resistance
WHEAT BLAST
WHEAT BLAST
BoliviaQuirusillas
BoliviaOkinawa
Lat : 17.13 SLong: 62.54 WAltitude: 267 maslCrop Cycle: May-Aug
Lat: 18.20 SLong: 63.56 WAltitude: 1494 maslCrop Cycle: Dec.-April
Lat: 23.13 NLong: 89.20 EAltitude: 7 maslCrop Cycle: Dec.-April
BangladeshJashore
Fungal disease from S.America that appeared in Bangladesh in 2016, threatening wheat in about 7 million ha in South Asia.
Damage can increase :
▪ Seedborne and airborne disease
▪ No durable, resistant cultivars - most are susceptible
▪ Pathogen population is very diverse: pathotypes could cross-infect different hosts and overcome resistance
▪ Ability to develop fungicide resistance
WHEAT BLAST
- Released in Bolivia
BARI Gom 33: Blast resistant and biofortified variety released in Bangladesh
• Kachu/Solala; 2NS segment for blast resistance
• + 7 ppm Zn advantage; 5-10% higher yield than the best check; Yield = 5 t/ha
No individual institution could have responded
faster to the emerging and potentiallydevastating threat of wheat blast
CGIAR Research Program WHEAT
wheat.org/
WHEAT Phase II - Proposal 2017-2022
Cluster of activities (CoA) 3.3Global network for precision field-based phenotyping
Multi-NARS partner network of precision field-based phenotyping platforms to generate higher precision multi-location data on prioritized traits
WHEAT CRP Annual Report:https://spark.adobe.com/page/hOxmNlNk052ld/, also available on the homepage of wheat.org
Acknowledgements Global Wheat Program scientists working together with NARS
Acknowledgements
The CGIAR Research Program WHEAT receives W1&W2support from the Governments of Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, France, India, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, U.K., U.S., and the World Bank.
Thank you for
your interest!
