UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIAVice President’s Office

REPORT ON GEF NATIONAL DIALOGUEREPORT ON GEF NATIONAL DIALOGUE INITIATIVE (NDI)INITIATIVE (NDI)

1212thth – 14 – 14thth OCTOBER 2009, DAR ES SALAAM, OCTOBER 2009, DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIATANZANIA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Session 1: Opening Ceremony................................................4

1.1 Briefing Remarks from the GEF secretariat representative..................5

1.2 Briefing Remarks from the World Bank Representative.........................5

1.3 Opening Speech by Ms Ruth H. Mollel - Permanent Secretary – Vice President’s Office in Tanzania..........................................................................................5

2.0 Session 2: Overview of the Global Environment Facility (GEF)..6

3.0 Session 3: Tanzania’s Commitments under Global Environmental Conventions and National Strategies and Priorities 8

3.1 The State of the Environment Report (SoER) presented by Dr. C. Shayo.........................................…………………………………………………………………………………………………8

3.2 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)........9

3.3 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity – Strategies and Priorities- by S. Nkondokaya (Focal Point)..............................................................10

3.4 Stockholm convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) presented by Ms A. Madete (Focal Point).................................................................11

3.5 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) National Implementation Strategies and Priorities, Presented by Mr. R. S. Muyungi (Focal Point)...............................................................................12

3.6 Coordination of the GEF activities in Tanzania, presented by Mr. D. Nkondola...................................................................................................................................13

Plenary discussions.............................................................................................................14

4.0 Session 4: (Day 2) Results and lessons learnt from GEF Portfolio Experiences (Learning from some of the projects implemented in Tanzania under GEF financing).............................142

4.1 GEF Small Grants Programme in Tanzania (SGP) by Mr. Nehemia Murusuri....................................................................................................................................15

4.2 Conservation and Management of Eastern Arc Mountain Forest; Implemented by Forest and Bee Keeping Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism supported by GEF through UNDP..............17

4.3 Development of the Mnazi Bay Estuary Marine Park by Mr. R. Ngowo........................................................................................................................................20

4.4 Karatu Development Association (KDA).......................................................21

4.5 SAIPRO – Soil and Water Conservation in Same District – Kilimanjaro region................................................................................................................22

4.6 Experiences on “energy efficiency” - the Case Study of improved wood fuels stoves promotion efforts by TaTEDO, Dar es Salaam.................23

5.0 Session 5: Group discussions and presentations on Assessing progress in GEF-4 (GEF project implementation and application of national priorities, GEF coordination and communications, lessons learned) and providing a platform in anticipation of GEF-5...............24

5.1 Group 1: Improving national GEF coordination and Integrating GEF into National plans and programs – synergies and upstream/downstream linkages.....................................................................................................................................25

5.2 GROUP 2: Climate Change Progress to-date...............................................26

5.3 Group 3: Discussion on Biodiversity conservation and progress to date …………………………………………………………………………………………………27

Critical National Priority issues that have not been addressed by GEF, Government and other Donors.......................................................28

Recommendation of issues to be considered in GEF 5........................29

6.0 Session 6: Closing of the National Dialogue Initiative for Tanzania by Mr. Mbarak Abdulwakil, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Vice Presents Office

…………………………………………………………………………………………..29

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7.0 Session 7: (Day 3) Field Trip to TaTEDO Centre for Promotion of Energy Efficient Stoves at Mbezi Juu in Dar es Salaam.......................30

8.0 Lessons learnt...................................................................................30

1.0 Session 1: Opening CeremonyThe workshop started by Mr. E. K. Mugurusi the Chairman of the workshop who also the National GEF Operational Focal Point calling the workshop to order at 09. 40 on 12th of October 2009.

In his briefing remarks, the chairperson reiterated that the global environmental crisis we are experiencing today is due to human actions. Mr. Mugurusi noted with concern that human survival and that of other life forms is threatened by environmental degradation which is also accelerating poverty especially in developing countries.

He emphasized that the magnitude of environmental challenges is more than predicted and these range from environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, waste management and climate change, just to mention a few. The challenges and threats leave no time for the planet to recuperate. We are all key players in addressing and mitigating these environmental challenges in our capacities.

He told the audience that there have been several international initiatives as well as national specific initiative to address global and national environmental challenges. One of the global initiatives is the establishment of funding mechanisms for financing mitigation of environmental challenges. GEF is a global financing mechanism for facilitating efforts to address these environmental challenges, emphasized

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The chairperson reiterated that the objective of this forum is to raise stakeholders’ awareness on GEF, assess how it faired since its onset in Tanzania in 1992, assess GEF 4 and discuss on how to effectively access more GEF resources during GEF 5

The chairperson noted with appreciation the presence of several dignitaries including His Excellence, the Ambassador of the Royal Netherlands Embassy, Deputy Country Director of UNDP, Representatives of the Royal Danish Embassy, GEF secretariat, UNDP Regional Office, UNEP FP in Tanzania and the World Bank. He ended by thanking all participants for taking time off their busy schedule to come and share with us their wealth of experience.

After his opening remarks, the chairman invited the Ms Susan Matindi from GEF secretariat.

1.1 Briefing Remarks from the GEF secretariat representativeMs Susan Matindi from GEF secretariat briefed the workshop on GEF activities since its inception and about the coming GEF 5 replenishment in May 2010 to replace GEF 4 coming to an end.

She emphasized that this forum has come at an opportune time for Tanzania to strategize on how to tape resources from GEF 5 especially on issues related to mitigation of climate change impacts.

1.2 Briefing Remarks from the World Bank Representative The World Bank (WB) representative also talked about WB commitment to working as a partner to help Tanzania access GEF funds for sustainable implementation of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs), national and global endeavors to save our planet for present and future generations (life) survival.5

1.3 Opening Speech by Ms Ruth H. Mollel - Permanent Secretary – Vice President’s Office in Tanzania

The workshop was officially opened by Ms Ruth H. Mollel; Permanent Secretary in the Vice President’s Office. She started by expressing Government appreciation to GEF and other dignitaries who have over time facilitated the country to access GEF funds and to the organizers of this important workshop.

She reiterated the link between human and other life forms to environmental quality. Increasing population is increasing pressure on resource base thus leading to its degradation; leading to reduced productivity, pollution and environmental degradation.

Madam Mollel thanked GEF and others donors for supporting environmental management activities in Tanzania

The first session ended by workshop participants group photographs and a health break.

2.0 Session 2: Overview of the Global Environment Facility (GEF)

GEF secretariat ( The presentations done by Ms. Seemin Qayun, Ms. Suzan Matindi, Mr. J. Cavelier, and Mr. Dimitrios Zevgolis)The presentations centered on explaining in detail what entails the National Dialogue Initiative (NDI) which is a corporate program of the GEF which is implemented by UNDP on behalf of the GEF Secretariat and Agencies. Tanzania has held two NDIs; one in 2000 and this year’s (2009) national dialogue.

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The overall objective of Tanzania GEF National Dialogue is:

To empower decision-makers to fully integrate global environmental concerns in national development by raising awareness and providing information about the GEF and its focal areas strategies and adaptation funds, and by strengthening national ownership, coordination, and communications regarding GEF matters.

During these presentations, the presenters explained that Under GEF 5 framework - Level of replenishment will be a key factor in designing resource allocation system and the 50% rule and Group allocations established during GEF 4 will be abandoned. The overall allocation framework will not change.

GEF funding is linked to negotiation process and based on philosophy of Convention on Biological Diversity and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

It initially focused on biodiversity, climate change and international (shared) water bodies. Later in 2002 it was extended land degradation and control of Persistent Organic Pollutants POPs. During these presentations, the history of GEF since 1995 to 2005 and amount of funds disbursed to eligible countries was presented (see annex 2). The World Bank is the Trustee of the GEF Trust Fund.

In GEF financing, Resource allocation framework aims at allocating scarce GEF resources to all eligible countries based on Global Environmental Benefits and Country level Performance.

The allocation is based on thematic areas. In the Biodiversity and Climate Change focal areas -Countries receive Individual Allocations or joint access to Group resources

It was also explained that Tanzania received Individual allocations in both Biodiversity and Climate Change during GEF4.7

There are four types of projects under GEF:

Enabling Activities

Medium Sized Projects (≤ $1m)

Full Sized Projects (≥ $1m)

Small Grants (up to $50,000) through Small Grants (SG) country programmes

Approval of GEF projects is guided by a series of planning and approval process from National level (Focal Point) to GEF council – this process is seen to frustrate stakeholder and beneficiaries and most of them drop out during this process.

The role of National Focal Point is to initiate dialogue, endorse projects and follow up implementation as well as facilitating awareness and communication.

GEF requires Co-financing which comprises the total of cash and in-kind resources committed by governments, other multilateral or bilateral sources, the private sector, NGOs, the project beneficiaries and the concerned GEF agency, all of which are essential for meeting the GEF project objectives –this is important to show commitment of the beneficiaries.

3.0 Session 3: Tanzania’s Commitments under Global Environmental Conventions and National Strategies and Priorities

Presentations from the Focal Points of the State of Environment and International Conventions on the implementation of the Conventions in 8

Tanzania on what has been achieved so far, lessons learnt and challenges were encountered:

3.1 The State of the Environment Report (SoER) presented by Dr. C. Shayo

He presented the Tanzania State of the Environment Report (SoER) of 2009 by summarising its main features and sections. The sections are summarised under:-

Geography and socio-economic issues, policy and institutional issues (including MEAs to which Tanzania is a party to);

Land and terrestrial aspects;

Minerals, energy and environmental issues;

Aquatic environment;

Urban environment; and

Climate Change and disaster management

He summarized by enumerating challenges related to environmental management in Tanzania.

3.2 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)

Mr.George Kafumu (Focal Point) presented a paper on implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) which came after Rio UNCED in 1992. Tanzania ratified and signed the UNCCD in 1997.

He explained that programmes under the UNCCD are implemented at 3 levels; namely national, sub regional and regional level. The implementation strategy is through National Action Programmes (NAPs)

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Tanzania NAP was developed in 1999 and reviewed in 2004 to accommodate the ensuing socio-economic changes which were going on during the early 2000 in the country. These included the liberalization of the economy and poverty reduction strategies which necessitated a number of policy changes.

Implementation of NAP in Tanzania is evident in the implementation of various programmes like the Country strategic Investment Framework, the Kilimanjaro Land Management Project (TerraAfrica) and the Strategy for Urgent Actions for on Land Degradation and Water Catchments (2006).

Strategies for future actions;

As part of the implementation of NAP, the country has been zoned based on three categories – slightly degraded, moderately degraded and severely degraded and programmes are developed and implemented along this classification.

The presenter lamented on the limited funding of the UNCCD compared to other MEAs and as a result of this, there has been limited achievements in implementing the UNCCD. Activities implemented since 1996 included catalytic funding of selected CBOs and NGOs, review of NAP and reporting to the convention secretariat. Stakeholders are seldom consulted albeit during report preparations due to limited resources.

The Challenges include limited funding, networking, limited capacity and information sharing.

3.3 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity – Strategies and Priorities- by S. Nkondokaya (Focal Point)

The presenter started by noting that the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was an outcome of growing recognition that biological diversity is agrowing recognition that biological diversity is a global asset tremendous value to the present and future generations.global asset tremendous value to the present and future generations.10

Its objectives are Its objectives are Conservation of biological diversity, Sustainable use of its components as well as Fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources.

Tanzania ratified the CBD in 1996. The implementation modality of the CBDTanzania ratified the CBD in 1996. The implementation modality of the CBD is through the development of National Strategies and Action Plans (NABSAP)is through the development of National Strategies and Action Plans (NABSAP) and Tanzania developed its NABSAP in 2001 and Tanzania developed its NABSAP in 2001

Projects implemented under the CBD include Lake Victoria Environmental Management Programme (LVEMP), Lake Tanganyika Integrated Environmental Management Programme, The Eastern Arc Mountain Conservation Programme, Marine and Coastal Conservation Programme (MACEMP), Support for the Implementation of the National BiosafetySupport for the Implementation of the National Biosafety Framework and a number of other projects in the making (mainly in wildlifeFramework and a number of other projects in the making (mainly in wildlife management in protected areas, miombo woodland management andmanagement in protected areas, miombo woodland management and coastal resources management) all aimed at implementing Nationalcoastal resources management) all aimed at implementing National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and other strategies for biodiversityBiodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and other strategies for biodiversity conservation (annex. 3).conservation (annex. 3).

Various reports and guidelines have been produced including State of the Coast reports, mariculture guidelines as well as Acts and regulations including the Environmental Management Act (2004) and the Environmental Impact Assessment guideline and regulations.

The presenter presented and showed several pictures of the projects implemented under the CBD. A number of donors are funding these projects including GEF.

Challenges in implementation of CBD include:-

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Inadequate resources to address biodiversity conservation, Inadequate mainstreaming of biodiversity issues in sectors and LGAs plans and budgets as well as low level of awareness and limited community participation.

3.4 Stockholm convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) presented by Ms A. Madete (Focal Point)

The convention explains about POPs as Organic chemicals released into the atmosphere over long time thus leading to health and environmental impacts.

Implementation of the Convention is through the development of National Implementation Manuals (NIM).

Tanzania NIM was developed in 2005. It elaborates the current situation of POPs in Tanzania and strategies for its implementation of identified plans.

The implementation of the Stockholm convention includes part of the Rotterdam Convention.

The activities are mainly for capacity building to control, clean up, monitor and mitigate use of POPs.

Main activities include awareness raising, developing databases of POPs in Tanzania, establishing register of stockpiles, strengthening capacity (human and tools) and cooperation and networking. It also outlines the establishment of funding mechanisms for funding initiatives to address POPs.

Projects and programmes implemented include:

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Clean up and Stabilization of pesticide contaminated sites under African Stockpile Programme (ASP); Developing register and database of POPs; and Training of selected target audiences

Challenges are mainly limited capacity and low level of awareness.

See Annex. 3 for details

3.5 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) National Implementation Strategies and Priorities, Presented by Mr. R. S. Muyungi (Focal Point)

Presentation showed that there is already evidence of increased temperature and sea level rise in Tanzania attributed to climate change.

Presented chronology of international events related to UNFCCC as well as national implementation and outputs. These include formation of directorate of Environment (1990), enactment of the National Environment Policy (1997) and EMA Cap 191 (2004) and its regulations, strategies, CDM guide and a number of CDM projects.

UNFCCC is implemented through mainstreaming of environmental concerns in development plans at sectoral and institutional levels as outlined in EMA and its support programme (EISP). For details see annex.3

3.6 Coordination of the GEF activities in Tanzania, presented by Mr. D. Nkondola

In his paper he explained the Vice President’s Office – specifically Director of Environment is the Focal Point for GEF activities in Tanzania.

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The VPO receives project ideas and processes them through consultations and approves projects for GEF financing consideration. It also monitors their implementation and GEF reference library has been developed.

A number of projects in Tanzania have accessed funds since 1996; many projects are under the Small Grants programme (see annex 3).

Challenges related to GEF coordination

Inadequate public participation in negotiation; In adequate communication and information sharing; Inadequate financial support to enable the country Operational Focal Point (VPO) to effectively coordinate, monitor and evaluate GEF activities operations and projects ( US$ 8000 provided annually is not enough); Limited private sector involvement in GEF activities due to lack of awareness and incentives for participation; and inadequate feedback mechanism on projects proposal that have been submitted to GEF

Plenary discussionsAfter each presentation, discussions followed to clarify issues and comments. There were lively as participants were asking based on experience in the field.

Some of the questions and comments were:

Issues related to Tanzania Zanzibar and Mainland which makes them one under implementing MEAs although there are two different EMAs for Zanzibar and mainland. Co financing challenges, use of two many un-translated acronyms and abbreviations in the presentation.

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A proposal on working with LGAs for sustainability of activities initiated by projects and ownership – the organizers noted the comment and promised to put it into action.

On categorization of degraded areas conservation was that Kigoma should be under highly degraded although the presenter emphasized that not all parts of forests are degraded and there has been a lot of tree [planting around the camps).

The first day ended a cocktail party to which all participants were invited

4.0 Session 4: (Day 2) Results and lessons learnt from GEF Portfolio Experiences (Learning from some of the projects implemented in Tanzania under GEF financing)

The second day of the National Dialogue Initiative Workshop for Tanzania was dominated by presentations from projects which have been funded by GEF. These included the Eastern Arc Mountains Conservation, the Development of Mnazi Bay Estuary Marine Park, Development of Biogas project in Karatu district in Manyara Region, Soil and Water Conservation Project in Same District and Promoting Energy Efficient Stoves by TATEDO. All these projects have benefited by GEF funding and the presenters explained the benefits, challenges and way forward on how to further the best practice as well as scaling up the achievements.

4.1 GEF Small Grants Programme in Tanzania (SGP) by Mr. Nehemia Murusuri

This is a GEF supported program which is implemented by UNDP on behalf of GEF implementing agencies.

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The objective of this program is to secure global environmental benefits through community based initiatives and action in GEF Focal Areas. Globally it was established in 1992 and in Tanzania, it was launched in 1996.

Why is the community level important? Local communities affect and are affected by their immediate

environment; Multiple facets of poverty are manifested at the community level; MDGs will be realized at and measured from the community level; Community level provides policy feedback on poverty reduction

policies and strategies; and Community based experience and ideas constitute building blocks for

people-centered policies.

GEF/SGP Architecture in TanzaniaImplementation Arrangements

Project operations guided by Country Program Strategy; Project proposals are received from proponents. They should be

supported by local authorities; Desk appraisal by NC; and Collective appraisal by Internal project Review Committee (IPRC)

chaired by UNDP ARR.

Results by GEF Focal AreasOver the last 13 years of operations, GEF SGP has supported over 170 projects almost in all regions at a cost of US$ 4,543,715.

During GEF 4, total projects were 32 and grant value stood at US $ 974,532

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Examples of results created by GEF/SGP projects: Women afforestation Lushoto; Sanje Mangabay: An endemic specie found at the Eastern Arc Mountain Forests; Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar PV; Renewable Energy Technologies: Wind Energy; Energy efficient/low carbon Technologies: Improved cook-stoves; International Waters: Conservation of green turtles in Temeke: Turtle Tourism at Amani Beach, Temeke; International Waters: Restoration of mangrove forests in Misali, Pemba; Indigenous People – Yaeda Chini charcoal dam; School Rainwater harvesting, Kwimba; Traditional water tank, Handeni (Improved Water tank, Handeni); Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs); A cotton farm in Nzega that apply IPM: Focus was on creating awareness on chemical conventions namely: Stockholm, Basel, Bamako and Rotterdam Selected farmers in areas where pesticides are highly used were trained on proper management of chemicals.

Lessons Learnt A relatively small amount of money can make a huge difference in

environment conservation and improvement of livelihoods;

Environment Conservation succeeds if it mainstreams poverty reduction initiatives;

SGP catalytic support has managed to establish successful community based enterprises, which provides a strong base for the growth and development of the private sector at the local level;

Good governance (Through environmental governance, water governance) is key for successful implementation of conservation projects; and

Successful implementation of community components in GEF MSPs & 17

FSPs (Eastern Arc; Mnazi Bay, Pangani, Selous-Niassa; Jozani-Chwaka) shows that SGP can be an effective modality to deliver community components for GEF MSPs, & FSPs in GEF 5.

4.2 Conservation and Management of Eastern Arc Mountain Forest; Implemented by Forest and Bee Keeping Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism supported by GEF through UNDP

Project Implementation started 2004 and expected to end by December 2009. It is one of the main programs/Projects under Forestry and Beekeeping Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism.

The project aims at improving Conservation and Management of Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. The project covers 16 districts from Mufindi district Iringa to Mwanga district in Kilimanjaro. Five regions are involved namely; Iringa, Morogoro, Dodoma, Tanga and Kilimanjaro.

The project objectives are:

Conservation Status of Eastern Arc Mountains improved through the development and implementation of an integrated conservation strategy for biodiversity conservation and water supply (By Strategy)

b) Improved forest management and conservation and improved land husbandry practices in the Uluguru mountain forests and adjacent villages implemented by local communities, government (By CARE)

Major outputs of the project to date:

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The EAM Strategy document was developed by stakeholders; summarized and translated to Swahili to enhance local communities understanding and is being implemented

Nine thematic strategies have been developed to address in detail major problems of facing conservation in EAM.

65 forest Reserves coded and included in the world data base. The aim of the database is to facilitate the valuing of the forest reserves and improving conservation strategies.

Three more National Forest Reserves and 6 Village Forest Reserves have been established with aim of increasing areas of protected forests and efficiency in forest management

More than 9 researches to support justification for conserving Eastern Arc Mountains conducted and findings included to National Forestry Data base (NAFOBEDA)- increased understanding and knowledge of the EAM.

Eastern arc Mountains separated from coastal forest as one of 34 biodiversity hotspots of the world.

Cooperation with internal and International Partners improved

Staffing level to critical biodiversity areas of Eastern Arc increased to 147.

International support increased (e.g. German and World Land trust support)

Management plans for critical ecosystem protected areas developed to address challenges expressed in the Eastern Arc Strategy document.

To reinforce conservation of EAMF MNRT established Nature Reserves Unit.

Linking project activities with Nature Reserve, World Heritage site and other International categories of protected areas

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Two landscapes Management Framework one for Uluguru and one for East Usambara Mountains developed.

Integrated landscape management for the two sites (Uluguru and Usambara mountains) is on various stages of testing.

The project is contributing to the National policies and implementation of the international agreements and conventions.

Managing Uluguru landscape in integrated manner (through joint forest management)

Challenges include unclear sustainability mechanism after project completion, addressing fragmentation of forests and scaling up of lessons and learnt and best practices emanating from the project.

4.3 Development of the Mnazi Bay Estuary Marine Park by Mr. R. Ngowo

Gazetted in 2002, 2nd to Mafia Marine Park and financed by GEF. The main objective is to conserve and utilize effectively marine resources.

Implementation modality was based on Development of village management plans.

Achievements:

12 village management plans developed;

Purchased and distributed new legally allowed fishing gears and boats in exchange for illegal equipment;

Patrols and enforcement of laws done by villagers;

Increased awareness on conservation;

Bylaws are enacted and enforced;20

School programs:- e.g. school turtle monitoring program and classroom construction;

Baseline studies which led to the development of participatory monitoring program for endangered species eg. whale and turtles; and

Supported fish farming and bee keeping.

Lessons learnt:

Conservation should go hand in hand with provision of basic education;

Gear exchange program was not sustainable because fishers sold gears – teach them before issuing the gears or give familiar ones;

Must have political will to reduce political interference and make conservation more fruitful.

4.4 Karatu Development Association (KDA) K.D.A- Is a Non Government Organization established 1991 and Registered 1991.Its mission is to facilitate development in Karatu District Encourage local community to increase their income To protect environment Raising awareness through training and mobilization Working with groups and individuals committed to development

Main issues addressed

Community has limited energy resources for domestic use. – KDA is working on development of biogas at household level as an alternative energy source for community use

This is also aimed at reducing deforestation on the fringes of Lake Manyara and Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Objective is to raise awareness on alternative energy sources- biogas project and plant more trees.21

The project has Built 26 biogas plants, facilitated vegetable gardens for income generation, motivating zero grazing for cow dung to feed into biodigesters and already 20,000 trees have been planted.

The project recommends:

Involvement of key stakeholders institutions like Ngorongoro and TANAPA to support these initiatives for conservation sustainability especially after completion of the project. It also recommends support to reach more households to scale up use of biogas technology.

4.5 SAIPRO – Soil and Water Conservation in Same District – Kilimanjaro region

The project is on Sustainable Land Management (SLM).

Location: Mwembe, Mhezi, Mshewa , Msindo, Kihurio Wards - Same District

Problem Statement:

The Community members of Mwembe, Mhezi, Mshewa, Msindo and Kihurio Wards faced a trend of an increasing Environmental deterioration and destruction threats, due to land degradation and ineffective enforcement of relevant laws, which has reduced soil fertility, Crop yield per unit area is very low and there is plenty of run off during rainy season which causes erosion in the highlands and floods in the lowlands.

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The problem exist and persist due to lack of community ownership and responsiveness resulting into an accelerated rate of Soil erosion, land degradation, charcoal burning, bricks burning using tree logs, and uncontrolled grazing which are the major contributing factors to deforestation, and.

If nothing is done, depletion of indigenous resources and loss of wild life habitats and bio-diversity, disruption of the ecosystem and desertification will be accelerated.

Outputs:-

Awareness created

Capacity building

Tree planting

Conservation of micro dams

Use of bio waste for energy

Energy efficient kilns for brick burning and cooking

Increased Crop production for poverty alleviation

Lessons learnt

Participatory management brings community and LGAs ownership;

Sustainability when ownership is attained; and

Facilitate marketing of agriculture products and use of bio waste to reduce use of natural forests.

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4.6 Experiences on “energy efficiency” - the Case Study of improved wood fuels stoves promotion efforts by TaTEDO, Dar es Salaam

The project aims at promoting affordable and reliable energy technologies and services to contribute to the achievement of MDGs.

Reforming the market for energy services & establish adequate institutional framework – to facilitate investment, services expansion, efficient pricing mechanisms & other financial incentives.

Enhancing development and utilization of indigenous & Rural Energy sources &and technologies taking account of environmental concerns in all energy production and use.

Promoting energy efficiency & conservation and increasing energy education and building gender-balanced capacity in energy planning, implementation and monitoring

The facts are; More than 90% of the Tanzanian population derives their energy requirements for cooking and SMMEs from charcoal, fuel wood (21mill.tones) and farm residues-more than 40 million tones of co2 emitted.

Utilization of fuel wood in Tanzania is characterized by low efficiencies i.e. that of three stones fire places range between 12 and 15%-there are more than 7 million and wasting more than 18mill.tones annually.

Since late eighties, there have been several marginal efforts to promote improved biomass stoves in rural and urban areas of Tanzania.

TATEDO through various donor support has over years managed to Promote use and improvement of energy efficient stoves which reduce indoor 24

pollution, reduce deforestation, reduce CO2 production, enhance local and national income, Save women from hard work and persecution due to witch beliefs of red eyes due to smoke.

5.0 Session 5: Group discussions and presentations on Assessing progress in GEF-4 (GEF project implementation and application of national priorities, GEF coordination and communications, lessons learned) and providing a platform in anticipation of GEF-5

Groups were selected based on four thematic areas namely National coordination and integration GEF into national plan and programmes, climate change, biodiversity, desertification and land degradation as well, as in international waters were discussed. The areas to guide discussion were:-

National Priority Issues for GEF 5 were identified;

Assessment of Progress to date;

Implementation of national priorities;

GEF project portfolio / projects under development;

Other programmes and projects in focal area;

Identification of Gaps and Potential Priority Issues;

What are the critical national priorities that have not been addressed by the GEF, government, and other donors;

Recommendations of Issues to Consider in GEF-5; and

Recommend potential priority issues for GEF programming in GEF-5.

Group reports and issues addressed are hereby outlined:25

5.1 Group 1: Improving national GEF coordination and Integrating GEF into National plans and programs – synergies and upstream/downstream linkages

For big projects Local Government Authorities (LGAs) are already included and therefore no change needed.

Present feedback and monitoring system from LGAs level upwards is adequate (Quarterly and annual reports). The levels which have acess to these reports include Ward Development Committee, District Full Council, District Consultative Committee, Regional Consultative Committee and National level

Gaps and recommendations

For small local projects local authorities should coordinate and endorse project proposals. Using existing structures, EMA has structure (district Environmental Officers and focal persons at ward level).

Process should be shorter and improve networking between stakeholders.

Secretariat inside VPO office as focal point for GEF as a permanent structure, need budget to operate from government and possibility to get more funding from GEF. Assign existing personnel, funds to run national committee.

There should be national committee, including representatives from: sectoral ministries, NGO/CSO, private sector, academia, convention focal points and development partners, Should be combined with existing structures like Environmental Working Group, chaired by focal point.

5.2 GROUP 2: Climate Change Progress to-date26

From GEF4 RAF under Climate Change Tanzania’s allocation was 5.35. To-date 1.5mn committed. PIF for 3.85 has been submitted and reviewed but more work is still required. Ministry of Energy and minerals should work closely with UNIDO to finalize the project on energy in which 1million US $ committed to Miombo woodland while and 500 committed to energy efficiency in buildings.

What should be done in future?

Speed up of approval process in future;

Estimate the energy serving potential (industrial);

Explore to potential for Biomass;

Cleaner technologies;

Ideas for GEF5 to consider:

To concentrate on Biomass improvement;

Technical capacity building on promotion of efficient use of biomass ENERGY;

To establish pilot projects on biomass;

Replication of mini-hydropower projects;

Establishment of energy farms plus the necessary equipment to produce energy;

Assess micro-financing institutions;

Financing for mitigation and adaptation activities; and

Financing cleaner technology in energy industries27

5.3 Group 3: Discussion on Biodiversity conservation and progress to date

The discussion was based on Sustainability of the protected system, Mainstreaming of Biodiversity in Ecosystem and Genetic modified Organisms:

Beach management Unit (these indicate sustainability)

Participatory Forest Management (PFM and CBFM)

Wildlife Management Areas are in place.

Village Environmental Plans

Biodiversity strategies Like (Act, Policies are in place and operational)

GAPS:

Payment for Ecological Services (PES) e.g. Involvement of Private Sectors to inject their funds in conservation eg Cocacola Company, DAWASCO.

Incentives to the communities surrounding the resources.

Donor should expand their scope of the funding.

Invasive Alien Species (IAS) issue.

Indigenous knowledge on the Governance issue.

Lack of Integration of the projects that are on going to the area.

Contradicting Policies (No Harmonization of Policies).

Assessment of Biodiversity Value.

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Conflicting of Politics and Interests

Critical National Priority issues that have not been addressed by GEF, Government and other Donors

Issues on pollution of marine resources (waste water management system);

Implementation of the conservation strategies which are in place –scaling up to successful projects;

Conservation and Management of wildlife corridors and connectivity of the protected areas;

Establishing database for Natural ecosystems and species;

Integrated landscape and ecosystem management;

Identification and Biodiversity sensitivity mapping; and

Uncoordinated networking for the Biodiversity information.

Recommendation of issues to be considered in GEF 5 Support control of Invasive Alien Species;

Scaling up implementation of landscape integrated management Ecosystem;

Support prevention of pollution in Marine Resources;

Support of Biodiversity Sensitivity Mapping;

Support the development and management of forestry and Wildlife corridors including connectivity;

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Support Scaling of Payment of Environmental Services (PES) initiatives; and

Support the Gaps identified above.

6.0 Session 6: Closing of the National Dialogue Initiative for Tanzania by Mr. Mbarak Abdulwakil, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Vice Presents Office

During his closing remarks he noted with appreciation GEF for elaborating its policies, strategies, operations and opportunities to the Government, Civil societies and project representatives which have made these stakeholders quite aware on how to take the opportunities coming with GEF 5 for Tanzania to benefit from their financing mechanism and hence force open a door for many new projects.

Mr. Abdulwakil called on partners from GEF to continue in facilitating the GEF arrangement so that it can subsequently bear practical results on the ground for the prosperity of the society today and the future generations. Despite tightening rules and guidelines is very important for the future of the Organization, but practical results on the ground are also important, to make the whole thing meaningful. So he urged GEF to aim at striking balance between the two. He also argued GEF and Tanzania stakeholders to take the challenges and lessons leant to help in improving future and meaningful cooperation between GEF and Tanzania.

7.0 Session 7: (Day 3) Field Trip to TaTEDO Centre for Promotion of Energy Efficient Stoves at Mbezi Juu in Dar es Salaam

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On the 14th of October 2009 participants, resource persons and organizers had a chance to visit the TaTEDO centre of excellence which is working towards promoting and improving access to energy efficient stoves for sustainable development and curbing deforestation resulting from inefficient use of biomass energy which accounts for 90% of total energy used in Tanzania.

8.0 Lessons learntDuring this NDI workshop a number of paper presenters’ echoed lessons learnt from the implementation of GEF funded projects which are worth noting. The Small Grants programme coordinator in Tanzania noted that small amounts of money injected in meaningful projects can contribute significantly to improving livelihood and environmental conservation. He was sighting the projects implemented using small grants which have greatly built the capacity in income generation, conservation and poverty eradication (See Annex 4). Likewise a presentation from the Eastern Arc Forest Conservation Project noted the integrated community forest management programmes which have been initiated and accepted by local communities which need scaling up in Usambara and Uluguru mountains to be some of the lessons worth noting. Likewise for marine issues the established beach management units should be scaled up in other areas for the benefit of these to contribute towards improvements of livelihood to other fishing communities. As for promoting use energy efficient stoves and alternative energy use like biogas, more projects should be formulated for the impact to be felt at a larger scale.

GEF and other donors supporting energy efficient use and promotion of alternatives in Tanzania are bearing fruits over years. The success story of TaTEDO as a leading NGO in promoting energy efficient stoves is one of the key successes in conservation. Use of these stoves is very wide in urban area 31

at domestic and commercial levels like in bakery, hotels and SMEs like meat roasting. More research should be done to access contribution of these to serving forests.

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