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Global agricultural R&D spending:Developing countries accelerate investment
Nienke BeintemaASTI program head | International Food Policy Research Institute
CropWorld Global 2012 CongressLondon, UK | 6–7 November 2012
Background: the ASTI initiative
• Collects national-level investment and human resource capacity data on agricultural R&D:– Focus on low- and middle-income countries
(coverage close to 70)– Through institutional survey rounds (primary
data)
• Includes a large collaborative network of national, regional and international partners; facilitated by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) of the CGIAR Consortium
• Provides:– Trends over time at country / regional levels;
within countries– Comparisons across countries / regions; within
countries
Developing countries drive public spending growth
Following a period of declining growth, public agricultural R&D spending increased globally by 22 percent during2000-2008
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2000 2008
Also increased spending by the private sector
Most private-sector R&D was undertaken by companies in OECD countries; evidence suggests significant growth in large middle-income countries such as China and India
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Public
2008 total: $40.1 billion (2005 PPP dollars)
1994 2000 2008
And growth in international research spending
After more than a decade of slow growth, R&D spending by the CGIAR Consortium has accelerated since 2006
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Regional allocation of public spending, 2008
High government commitment to public agricultural R&D in Brazil, China, and India has resulted in continuous spending growth beyond 2008
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Brazil
India
China
Other middle income (98)
Note: dotted lines indicate preliminary estimates.
Investing in agricultural R&D pays off
• Increased public investment, combined with key reforms, has increased agricultural productivity levels in Brazil and China relatively to the rest of the developing world
Brazil
South Asia
China
Africa south of the Sahara
Low-and middle income
Agricultural total factor productivity index (1970 = 100)
But world’s poorest countries lag behind
During 2000–2008, spending levels in low-income countries were considerably more volatile as those of middle- and high-income countries
Main messages from new evidence
• Globally agricultural R&D investments are no longer declining, but have in fact increased substantially since the turn of the millennium
• Growth is driven by China, India, and a number of other larger more-advanced middle-income countries
• Agricultural R&D spending in high-income countries are stagnating (and declining for one third of OECD countries)
• More attention should be given to the poorest countries that have low, often declining or stagnating investment levels that are highly volatile
THANK YOU
Please check www.asti.cgiar.org/globaloverview for the globalassessment report, underlying data, and background information