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GLFE Status Meeting August 24-25, 2005

GLFE Status Meeting August 24-25, 2005. TAMDAR Takes Its Human Toll BEFORE TAMDARAFTER TAMDAR

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GLFEStatus Meeting

August 24-25, 2005

TAMDAR Takes Its Human Toll

BEFORE TAMDAR AFTER TAMDAR

Presentation topics

• AirDat/TAMDAR Overview• Status

• TAMDAR Impact Studies

• Simulations and Displays

• Ongoing Work in Support of Future Deployments• Sensor Enhancements and Refinements

• Future Sensor Testing and Deployment

• Communications Architecture and Data Center

• System Monitoring and QA

• AirDat TAMDAR Forecasting Impact

AirDat/TAMDAROverview

Status

• All 63 Mesaba Saab 340 Equipped

• All 63 aircraft delivering data

• Ongoing firmware improvements• Improved Data Quality

• Current Upgrade—Improved Winds Aloft

• GLFE has been extended to Jan. 15, 2006

Status

• Mesaba incentives being supported

• Incentives• OOOI and flight numbers

• System functional and working well

• Mesaba plans to activate in October

• Text messaging• AirDat contractual obligation to Mesaba

• Hardware design being developed

Data quality• Data quality good• Ongoing improvements in data quality

• Sensor firmware refinements• Ground based QA improvements

• Sensors can be re-calibrated by ground command• Algorithms include constants• Roughly 100 constants can be commanded

• IMPORTANT: systematic biases can be removed• Must be fully verified • Must be agreed to by participating parties

• Long-term drift can be corrected• Additional humidity sensors being evaluated for future

improvements

AirDat/NCAR impact studies

• Turbulence study ongoing• New sensor installed on UND Citation

• 10 hours of flight tests planned

• Statistical precipitation study

• Auto nowcast study• Impact on convective models

• 0-2 hour forecast

• CIP icing potential study

TAMDAR Data Volume and Simulation

• Radiosonde soundings (daily): 138• 69 sites• 2 launches per day

• Mesaba (GLFE) soundings: 820• 79 sites (airports)

• CONUS deployment (500+ aircraft) soundings: 5000+ • 300+ sites (airports)

• Simulation—illustrates potential impact

AirDat display work

• AirDat working on displays to increase usefulness of data to FAA for aviation safety

• Map display evolved from FSL display developed by Bill Moninger

• Enhanced with visual displays of icing and turbulence

• Downloadable application accessible from AirDat website

• Available to all users during GLFE

Icing map display

Turbulence map display

Sensor Enhancements And Refinements

August 24-25

Presentation Topics

• Hardware Refinements• SPU Electronics

• Probe

• Considerations for High Speed Subsonic Aircraft

• Algorithm Refinements

• High Subsonic Wind Tunnel Testing

• First Air Boeing 727

Hardware Refinements--SPU Electronics

• Hardware Over temperature Protection for Probe Heater (currently only in software)

• Ice Accretion Rate Capability Added• Software Selection of Capacitive or MEMS RH Sensor• 4th Serial Port• Separate Heater Control for Rear Static Port Heater• Increased Current Capacity for GPS Power Supply• Software Switch for GPS Power

Hardware Refinements--Probe

• Different Optic Sleeve Material• Better Thermal Coefficient—closer to Aluminum• Better Adhesion

• Pitot Machined Into Cap for Better Heating—Previously It Was Screwed into Cap

• Improved Sensor Board Connector—new PCB layout and Sleeve Base

• Improved LED and Photo Diode Mounting for Easier Mfg.

• Removable “Plug” in Cap for Easier Field Replacement of Sensor Board—Removal of Cap no longer required.

Considerations for High Speed Subsonic Aircraft

• Probe Dimensions Constrained by Physical Limitations of Sensor Elements and Aircraft Mounting Options

• Shock Wave Begins to form on Sides of Probe at Approximately 0.7 Mach

• Static Port Reading Reads Too Low—Affects TAS Accuracy

• Pressure in Sensor Chamber No Longer Linear—Affects RH Correction

• Turbulence Noise Floor Rises

High Speed Subsonic Wind Tunnel Testing has Been Done

• Tests at Rolls-Royce Fully Instrumented Wind Tunnel

• Various Angle of Attacks

• Data used to Develop the Polynomial Curve Fits for the Static Pressure and the Sensor Chamber Pressure at High Mach

Preliminary Testing on First Air 727

• Data is Now Being Downlinked• Data Comparisons to Raobs Indicates Need for

Calibration• Calibration of TAS Required on Dedicated

Flight• Better Calibration Flight Will Occur After

More TAMDAR Data Fields are added by Skytrac

• Recommend Implementation of Ground QC Procedures

Future TAMDAR Sensor Deployments

August 24, 2005

Presentation Topics

• Deployment Strategy• Product Development and Deployment

Plans: Next Generation TAMDAR Sensors • TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities• Air Carrier Incentives

• Current• Future

• Next Generation TAMDAR Baseline Router Configuration

Deployment Strategy• AirDat is focused on developing the capability to collect

and distribute TAMDAR data on a broad scale

• Translates into increased TAMDAR sensor deployments

• Current focus is on CONUS region• 63 Mesaba aircraft equipped to date

• In discussions with various air carriers to equip their fleets with TAMDAR sensors

• Range of aircraft platforms under consideration

• Small commuter aircraft (turboprop, regional jet)

• Other commercial airliners

• Helicopters

Product Development and Deployment Plans – Next Generation TAMDAR Sensors

• TAMDAR sensors with current capabilities available for deployment on new airline carrier opportunities today

• Development activities underway for next-generation TAMDAR sensor

• TAMDAR equipage incentive packages customized on a carrier-by-carrier basis

• Some air carriers are requesting that AirDat provide sophisticated support measures via TAMDAR

TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities• Wind tunnel and flight testing may be required to

support diversity of aircraft platforms under consideration for future deployments

• Wind tunnel testing• Verify TAMDAR sensor enhancements at high

subsonic speeds

• AirDat plans in place for design

of new wind tunnel

• Utilize commercially-available

facilities for short term needs

TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities

• Flight testing (Fixed-wing)• Required to verify TAMDAR sensor

enhancements at high subsonic speeds

• In discussions with Calspan (Lear 25 testbed)

• Exploring possibility of equipping NCAR GV aircraft for flight test/research support

• Flight testing (Rotary-wing)• Investigate characteristics of TAMDAR sensor in helo environment

• In discussions with UND regarding equipage of

Bell 206B JetRanger helicopter

Air Carrier Incentives (Current)• TAMDAR sensor equipment offered at no charge to

airlines

• Current TAMDAR capabilities• Weather observations

• OOOI reporting

• Global aircraft tracking

• Flight planning tools (AirMaps)

• Comprehensive logistical support for TAMDAR provided to airlines• manufacturing support

• inventory management

• field maintenance support

Air Carrier Incentives (Future)

• TAMDAR system will include router option, thus supporting the following additional capabilities: • Cockpit text messaging via tablet/EFB

• Backup voice

• Aircraft data monitoring

• Ice detection /alert to cockpit

• Wireless comms to cabin

• Wx radio

Next Generation TAMDARBaseline Router Configuration

Key Features of TAMDAR System:

• Voice integrated into aircraft communication system.• PDA as Flight Deck Interface can control voice and be used as text messaging platform• EFB can be used as text messaging platform and voice control.• GPS input for EFB can be through GPS receiver using AirDat antenna.• WSI/XM Weather Radio antenna available using AirDat antenna.• EFB can simultaneously be used for all other EFB applications.

AirDat Network and Systems Architecture

Tony Papa

August 24, 2005

Network Overview

Message Latency

GroundStation

Satellite InternetEmail Gateway

Internet

AIRDATData Center

Subscriber DataDistribution

OOOI TimeDistribution

GlobalSatelliteNetwork

Text MessagingDistribution

Data Delivery - Under 10 seconds

Data Processing - Under 1 second

Data Distribution - 1 to 10 seconds

Total Data Latency - 12 to 21 seconds

* Latency dependent on message priority and distribution method

Network Overview

Geographic diversity/redundancy is achieved via four linked data centers supported by four Internet providers

OC-3

OC

-3

Internet(AT&T)Internet

(TIME WARNER)

OC

-3

OC-3

Internet(SPRINT)

Internet(QWEST)

Dedicated OC-3 backboneconnects all four data centers

providing redundant,load-balancing internet bandwidth

Partial mesh design ensuresno network failure disables

any site

Dedicated OC-3 connectionbetween Raleigh and

Charlotte providesconnectivity for AIRDAT

disaster recovery systems

Each data center has adifferent Tier-1 Internet Service

Provider

Each data center has DS-3(45Mbps) internet access.

Internet access can beaggregated across all 4 data

centers

Charlotte, NCData Center

AIRDAT Backup

Tampa, FL

Data Center

Jacksonville, FL

Data Center

Raleigh, NCData Center

AIRDAT Primary

Network Overview

• TAMDAR data processing systems are redundant at the system and site level

• All critical systems have at least 1 hot-failover

• Failover is automatic and stateful in all cases

• All systems are managed 7/24/365 by AirDat Network Operations staff.

• All systems and services are monitored in real-time and trended for performance and uptime.

• 2nd-site redundant systems will continue to be enhanced as needed.

System Monitoring

Partner Update – Peak-10

• AirDat partnered with Peak-10 a datacenter co-location provider with 5 datacenters on the east coast.

• AirDat has redundant hardware in 2 of these and leverages network resources from all 5.

• Peak-10 has proven 100% network uptime for the past 2 years.

• Peak-10 continues to have positive business growth in all 5 markets.

Partner Update – Iridium

• Iridium Satellite’s SBD service has been very stable through the GLFE.

• Many enhancements have been made in the past 12 months. More upgrades are scheduled through Q2 ’06 further increasing stability and redundancy.

• Iridium recognizes that data services is their largest growth opportunity.

Data Distribution

• Over 3.5M observations have been distributed during the ongoing GLFE

• This data is being distributed to over 30 recipients via FTP including:

• UK Met Office

• ECMWF (via UK Met Office)

• Canadian Met Office

• US Air Force

• US Army

• Fleet Numerical Modeling (US Navy)

TAMDAR System Management

• AirDat has developed systems to manage the inventory and lifecycle support of the TAMDAR system including sensor calibration parameters.

• A 7/24/365 helpdesk has been established to support the airline partners.

• Daily sensor status reports are sent daily to all AirDat employees.

Lifecycle Management

System Development

• Jeff Urban and team continue to enhance the proprietary data processing applications.

• TAMDAR database structure is has been improved in the past 12 months to accommodate changing needs.

• AirMap application has been improved to include a Skew-T trending tool based on partner feedback.

Skew-T trending tool

• QUESTIONS?

Alan Anderson

Cyrena-Marie Druse

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

= Quality Assurance Components

AirDat TAMDAR System Overview

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

AirDat TAMDAR System Overview

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

AirDat TAMDAR System Overview

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

AirDat TAMDAR System Overview

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

AirDat TAMDAR System Overview

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

High quality data isextracted for use.

AirDat Real-Time Quality Filters

TAMDAR Sensors

Quarantine Filters

Measurments Before QA:Banking, IAS, Alt’, Temp°C,Wind, RH1%, RH2%, etc…

Banking, IAS, Alt’, Temp°C,Wind, RH1%, RH2%, etc…

Measurement Assessment

Interdependency Checks

Banking, IAS, Alt’, Temp°C,Wind, RH1%, RH2%, etc…

Banking, IAS, Alt’, Temp°C,Wind, RH1%, RH2%, consensusRH%, etc… Alt’, Temp°C,

consensus RH%

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Hound

Key Elements of AirDat Delta Hound

QA & Data Exploration Tools

Email Alerts

Dog WhistleApplication

HTML Reports

Automated Quality Analysis

· Observation problem detection

· Adjacent observation tests

· Health computations

· Daily problem statistics

· Relative humidity statistics

· Comparisons to model predictions

AirDat RTFDDA Modeling System

Most Delta Hound Analysis Reports can be viewed using a web browser.This popular report provides a summary of probe health and problems by day.

0%

100%

Example Report – Flight profile provides a quick overview ofconditions encountered by a TAMDAR during a given time period.

Example Report – Temperature scatter plots let us quickly see how well temperature measurements correspond to short-term predictions.

Example Report – showing the details of how specific measurementscompare to short-term model predictions.

Example Report – Relative humidity statistics and a scatter plot depicting measurement agreement for the two TAMDAR humidity sensors.

Example Report – Relative humidity statistics and a scatter plot depicting measurement slight disagreement for the two TAMDAR humidity sensors.

The Dog Whistle program provides high performance access to important quality assessment information (in addition to the various HTML reports).

Example Dog Whistle window for browsing the details of TAMDAR observations.

Key Activities of AirDat QA Personnel

Meteorologists & Engineers use Delta Hound to: · Monitor data and evaluate

TAMDAR sensors· Investigate alerts issued by

Delta Hound· Adjust quarantine filters to

accept or reject specific types of atmospheric measurements from specific sensors

· Issue maintenance orders

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Adjust Filters

Issue maintenance orders

Other Reference DataRTFDDA, Aviation Weather, RaObs,RUC predictions.

Example Watch Dog Alerts Report – Points out the most suspicioussituations that AirDat personnel need to investigate.

Alternatively, many issues are spotted by skimmingthrough the probe health charts or daily summaries.

100%

0%

Example – the Daily Health and Problems report shows that the declinein health was due to a problem with receiving the aircraft heading.

100%

0%

Transmission of atmosphericobservations

Databasesstore observations,

quality analysis, and system control

information.

Delta Houndperforms automated quality analysis and

provides quality assessment tools.

Iridium

AirDat Personnel (meteorologists and engineers) evaluate TAMDAR health and

adjust filters.

TAMDAR Sensors

High quality data is extracted for use by operational

meteorologists, aviation support systems, and forecasting systems.

Future Delta Hound Enhancements

Real-Time Quality Filters

validate incoming observations and set data quality

flags.

Other Reference DataRaObs, ACARS, RUC &

RTFDDA predictions.

Adjust Filters